Global Danger Research Articles

Bedaquiline: An Insight Into its Clinical Use in Multidrug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Every year, the World Health Organization reports 500,000 new cases of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB), which poses a serious global danger. The increased number of XDR-TB and MDR-TB cases reported worldwide necessitates the use of new therapeutic approaches. The main issues with the antitubercular medications now in use for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis are their poor side effect profile, reduced efficacy, and antimicrobial resistance. One possible remedy for these problems is bedaquiline. The need for better treatment strategies is highlighted by the strong minimum inhibitory concentrations that bedaquiline (BDQ), a novel anti-TB medicine, exhibits against both drug-resistant and drug-susceptible TB. Bedaquiline may be able to help with these problems. Bedaquiline is a medication that is first in its class and has a distinct and particular mode of action. Bedaquiline is an ATP synthase inhibitor that is specifically directed against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some nontuberculous mycobacteria. It is metabolized by CYP3A4. Bedaquiline preclinical investigations revealed intralesional drug biodistribution. The precise intralesional and multi-compartment pharmacokinetics of bedaquiline were obtained using PET bioimaging and high-resolution autoradiography investigations. Reduced CFU counts were observed in another investigation after a 12-week course of therapy. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews of phase II trials on bedaquiline's efficacy in treating drug-resistant tuberculosis in patients reported higher rates of cure, better culture conversion, and lower death rates when taken in conjunction with a background regimen. Here is a thorough medication profile for bedaquiline to aid medical professionals in treating individuals with tuberculosis.

Pakistan in the Crosshairs and the Rising Stakes of Strategic Information Warfare

Over the past two decades, information and communication technologies (ICTs) have reaped significant attention from security experts, computer scientists, intelligence agencies, and governments for their potential applications in conflict scenarios. Using ICTs for offensive or defensive purposes to instantly invade, disrupt, or control the opponent's resources is known as strategic information warfare (SIW). Although SIW is as ancient as military history, the communication sciences revolution has altered its character. It has evolved into a double-edged weapon that is equally crucial for strong nations, technically underdeveloped states, non-state entities, and individual software experts. Some nations, most notably the US, Russia, and China, have taken the SIW technology seriously and compared it to the danger posed by WMDs. In the south Asian context, Pakistan faces a direct threat from India, which collaborates closely with Israel, by the use of SIW.
 Additionally, the Western media portrays a highly negative picture of Pakistan's administration, law and order, and economy. The national media, suitably supported by foreign players, has begun a propaganda warfare effort against Pakistan's military forces and intelligence institutions. However, SIW is now a global danger, necessitating a worldwide response. Pakistan must create a proactive national strategy to prepare for the problems erupted from SIW strike on the communication network, which is crucial for the operation of its nuclear facilities.

SOCIAL COMMUNICATIONS: THE PATH FROM GLOBALIZATION THROUGH AVANT-GARDE TO FUTURISM

When it comes to the beauty of social communication content, you immediately imagine a beautiful report with excellent descriptions, juicy images, and creative author's finds. However, modern social communications are so rapidly trying to convey content to their audience that they prioritize the need for real (or around reality) content wrapped in a shell of genre requirements (or a set of such requirements), rather than bright images and feelings. And yet, each submission to one degree or another affects the audience not only in the current dimension of perception of the fact, but also taking into account the need to embed this present in a specific perspective of the development of events proposed by the content carrier himself. . The purpose of the article is to single out the phenomena of globalization, futurism and avant-garde in social communications as those that form futurism through impoverished avant-garde in the conditions of minimizing globalism. As a result of processing the material, we came to the following conclusions. 1. All researchers of social communication processes can be divided into two groups. The first group is supporters of the humanization of social communications, for whom the main thing in social communications is content – that is, the content of any message, and the division into mass and individual communication is directly related not to the number of participants in the process, but to the fact that this communication is intended for mass consumption. The second group is supporters of the mechanization of social communications, for whom content is a secondary, if at all essential, factor in scientific analysis. Not the content, but the number of participants in the communication process, the strict digitization of the accounting of these participants (up to 6 people - individual communication, up to 40 people - group, more than 40 people - mass) - this is what for these researchers is the measure, the basis for further scientific analysis of the social communication problem. Under such conditions, the impact of globalization seems insignificant. 2. The modern construction of social communication practice shows that social communication is neither a participant nor a hostage, but only a tool of globalization. It is very difficult to analyze the dangers of globalization in terms of social communication in relation to a country that has experienced all the horrors of russia and is getting rid of all manifestations of any «globalization» dependence. Not to mention the purely workshop factors of our freedom – starting from the Ukrainization of social communication practice and ending with the availability of tools for the implementation of freedom of speech and liberalization. 3. The problem of globalization is not so urgent now that it can have certain consequences. The real problems lie in our internal affairs, in our domestic realities, and it is these realities, not globalization, that have led to the fact that sharpness, creativity, creativity, sarcasm, irony, allusion... are many of the things that make journalism avant-garde, is dying before our eyes. A responsible attitude to the content of social communication practice, and not the desire to translate its functionality into a stream of mechanized, algorithmic functioning, will lead to the reincarnation of communication avant-garde, which will leave the idea of globalization in the past.

Highlights of Heavy Metals: Molecular Toxicity Mechanisms, Exposure Dynamics, and Environmental Presence

Elements denser than water are known as heavy metals, and they are a major global danger to the environment and human health. The ubiquity of each metal in diverse environmental matrices is highlighted by its existence in both natural and industrial sources. Human exposure pathways include everything from food consumption to work environments, and they all contribute to a variety of health effects and organ system damage. Notably, longterm exposure to these metals is associated with increased cancer incidence rates, which can impact the neurological systems, lungs, kidneys, skin, liver, and other organs. The molecular details of the toxicity and carcinogenicity of individual metals reveal a variety of processes, such as DNA damage, oxidative stress induction, disruption of cellular respiration, disruption of signal transduction pathways, and changes in gene expression. Priority heavy metals (cadmium, chromium, arsenic, lead, and mercury) have distinct toxicological profiles, but this review emphasizes the urgent need for comprehensive strategies to reduce environmental contamination and human exposure. It does this by highlighting the complex interactions between environmental events, anthropological sources, and the molecular basis of heavy metal-induced carcinogenicity and toxicity. Keywords: Environmental Contamination, Heavy Metals, Environmental Health Impacts, Molecular Mechanisms, Metal Toxicity

A Conceptual Study of Vrikka and Vrikkaroga w.s.r. Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review

Abstract: The primary goal of Ayurveda is illness elimination and the preservation of healthy persons' health. Mutravaha sroto vikaras are described in Ayurvedic literature. Acharya Vagbhata explains Mutravaha sroto vikara has been classified as Mutra Atipravritti and Mutra Apravritti, which is a unique contribution. Mutra Atipravritti vikara, such as Prameha, and Mutra Apravrittija vikara, such as Asmari, Mutrakricchra, and others Mutraghata.Because the symptoms of Mutrakricchra and Mutraghata appear to be overlapping, Acharya Dalhana, Chakrapani, and Vijayarakshita have distinguished both entities. This distinction is due to the greater severity of "Vibhanda" or "Avarodha" (obstruction) in Mutraghata. Here Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) encompasses a spectrum of different pathophysiologic process associated with abnormal kidney function. Manifested initially as a biochemical abnormality eventually the excretory, metabolic and endocrine dysfunctions of the kidney leads to the development of clinical symptoms and signs of renal failure, which are referred to as uremia. The disease, which begins in the kidney, spreads to all of the body's systems and tissues, eventually killing the patient. Chronic Kidney Disease is a global danger to health in general, and particularly to poor nations, because treatment is costly and must be sustained indefinitely.

ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНЫХ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ ОРГАНОВ ПО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЮ И ЗАЩИТЕ ПРАВ И СВОБОД ЧЕЛОВЕКА И ГРАЖДАНИНА В УСЛОВИЯХ ЧРЕЗВЫЧАЙНОЙ СИТУАЦИИ

The relevance of various global dangers necessitates the establishment of special legal regimes to regulate social relations during emergencies. In the last few years, the solution of this issue has become 
 a priority in the activities of various countries of the world. The tragic consequences of emergency situations show that the delay of the state in making decisions, negligent attitude to the measures and restrictions imposed can lead to a complication of the socio-economic and political situation. All this often leads to significant human casualties, numerous destruction and destruction, a rapid flow of refugees, disruption of infrastructure, colossal material damage, humanitarian catastrophe. These circumstances pose a real threat to the national security and territorial integrity of the State. The authorities and local self-government bodies are required to take immediate measures. Also, the state faces a new task – the optimization of public administration, forcing it to quickly create previously unrealized legal mechanisms for the introduction of emergency legal regimes in order to maintain law and order and ensure the rule of law in the state.

The digital divide: David vs. Goliath.

There is a global danger that hides in the shadows and is changing the way continuing care operators care for residents. Today, to provide that same historical level of resident care, a group of techno-soldiers are not just a nice-to-have, but are a must, to protect our critical Information Technology (IT) infrastructure. There is little doubt that technology has enabled us to provide better care. Electronic medical records, human resources information systems, and voice over internet communications systems have created great efficiencies in operations. However, global cybercriminals lurk in the same technologies that support us. Continuously attempting to rob our private information and hold us ransom, or play havoc with our IT systems impeding our provision of care. How can a continuing care operator, an already funding-challenged industry balance the costs of protecting their IT infrastructure against this growing massive threat? Compounding the issue, rising insurance expectations for continuing care operators to continuously enhance their IT safety controls against evolving cyberterrorism. This is the story of the Good Samaritan Society/Canada (Good Samaritan) digital transformation journey. Our digital roadmap sets Good Samaritan up to rise above the ongoing barrage of cyberattacks and loss of insurance. This is a digital divide story of David vs. Goliath.

Physiology of gamma-aminobutyric acid treated Capsicum annuum L. (Sweet pepper) under induced drought stress.

There is now widespread agreement that global warming is the source of climate variability and is a global danger that poses a significant challenge for the 21st century. Climate crisis has exacerbated water deficit stress and restricts plant's growth and output by limiting nutrient absorption and raising osmotic strains. Worldwide, Sweet pepper is among the most important vegetable crops due to its medicinal and nutritional benefits. Drought stress poses negative impacts on sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) growth and production. Although, γ aminobutyric acid (GABA) being an endogenous signaling molecule and metabolite has high physio-molecular activity in plant's cells and could induce tolerance to water stress regimes, but little is known about its influence on sweet pepper development when applied exogenously. The current study sought to comprehend the effects of foliar GABA application on vegetative development, as well as physiological and biochemical constituents of Capsicum annuum L. A Field experiment was carried out during the 2021 pepper growing season and GABA (0, 2, and 4mM) concentrated solutions were sprayed on two Capsicum annuum L. genotypes including Scope F1 and Mercury, under drought stress of 50% and 30% field capacity. Results of the study showed that exogenous GABA supplementation significantly improved vegetative growth attributes such as, shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight, as well as root shoot ratio (RSR), and relative water content (RWC) while decreasing electrolyte leakage (EL). Furthermore, a positive and significant effect on chlorophyll a, b, a/b ratio and total chlorophyll content (TCC), carotenoids content (CC), soluble protein content (SPC), soluble sugars content (SSC), total proline content (TPC), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity was observed. The application of GABA at 2mM yielded the highest values for these variables. In both genotypes, peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) content increased with growing activity of those antioxidant enzymes in treated plants compared to non-treated plants. In comparison with the rest of GABA treatments, 2mM GABA solution had the highest improvement in morphological traits, and biochemical composition. In conclusion, GABA application can improve development and productivity of Capsicum annuum L. under drought stress regimes. In addition, foliar applied GABA ameliorated the levels of osmolytes and the activities of antioxidant enzymes involved in defense mechanism.

The new role of the Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF) under proactive contribution to peace strategy

As per the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, no nation can maintain security and peace on its own. Therefore, Tokyo, through the Japanese Ministry of Defense, contributes to the United Nations' efforts to maintain and restore international peace and security. Article 9 of the pacifist constitution, in force since 1947, binds Japan's defense policy. But global dangers, especially the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Chinese threats to Taiwan, and the madness of the North Korean dictator, forced Japan to develop the proficiency of the Self-Defense Forces under the title of “proactive contribution to peace.” In this study, we will review the development of this concept through the process of building Japanese military capabilities. This will enable us to respond to societal changes from the Korean War to the present. As part of Japan's efforts to contribute to international peace and security operations have developed its military capabilities. This includes the enactment of the United Nations Peacekeeping Operations (PKO) Law, the establishment of the National Security Strategy, and the purchase of advanced weapons and equipment. The Nation’s commitment to international peace and security is also evident in its participation in United Nations peacekeeping operations and other regional activities.

Desert sand stabilization using biopolymers: review

Wind-driven sand erosion is the leading primary reason of earth deterioration in dry lands and a major global issue. Desert dust emissions and topsoil degradation caused by wind pose a global danger to the ecosystem, economy, and individual health. The aim of the current study is to critically analyze the different types of biopolymers and their interaction mechanism with sands for desert sand stabilization. Extensive experimental data with different percentages of biopolymers has been presented on various wind erosion studies using wind tunnel testing and their control rate on desert sand stabilization. Also, studies related to evaluating the engineering properties of sand using biopolymers were analyzed. Other biological approaches, namely Microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) and Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP), have been discussed to regulate wind-driven sand erosion in terms of percentage calcite formation at different compositions of urea and calcium chloride. Comparative analysis of MICP and EICP with biopolymer treatment and their limitations have been discussed. Biopolymers are not only demonstrated adeptness in engineering applications but are also helpful for environment safety. Biopolymers are suggested to be novel and nature-friendly soil-strengthening material. This review focuses on the fundamental mechanisms of biopolymer treatment to reduce wind-driven sand loss and its future scope as a binder for sand stabilization. The mechanism of soil-biopolymer interaction under various soil conditions (water content, density, and grain size distribution) and climatic circumstances (drying-wetting cycles) needs to be explored. Furthermore, before applying on a large scale, one should evaluate sand-biopolymer interaction in terms of durability and viability.

Advanced Metal–Organic Frameworks for Gas Separation

In the chemical process, the effective separation of small gaseous molecules with similar physical and chemical properties is of great significance. In addition, clean energy sources such as hydrogen and methane are regarded as an ideal alternative to conventional fossil fuels. However, at present, the storage technology of this kind of natural gas is not perfect. The entry of harmful substances produced by human activities into the atmosphere has become a global danger that is becoming more and more worrying. It has become an important topic for scholars and industries Development of a multi-stage channel structure with high efficiency and low energy consumption for effective separation, storage or capture of toxic and harmful substances. In order to solve this problem, we intend to study the adsorption and adsorption of MOFs in the environment aboutH2/N2, H2/CO and H2/CH4 and some other gases. Compared with molecular sieve, activated carbon and other conventional inorganic porous materials, MOFs have a broad application prospect in gas adsorption and storage with unique properties. At present, the research of metal-organic frame materials with high stability has made great progress. Through the implementation of this project, it is expected to promote its wide application in air pollution control and other aspects.

CONSEQUENCES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: CONSPIRACY THEORIES VERSUS THEORIES CONSPIRACY

One of the most significant phenomena that marked the second decade of the XXI century is certainly the phenomenon of the pandemic disease COVID-19 caused by the coronavirus (SARS-KoV-2). It has caused enormous public attention and initiated numerous explanations of the nature, origin, development, action and consequences that this virus will cause. Therefore, the paper discusses a wide range of theories that seek to explain this phenomenon, among which are significant and the so-called “conspiracy theories”. The very notion of “conspiracy theory” appears in the very focus of the paper with the aim of drawing attention to the necessity of precisely defining this very frequent notion in the public sphere. Without understanding its semantic aspect, it is difficult to understand this world plague - the viral pandemic COVID-19. From this fact arises the intention to offer an argument for the establishment of a new construct – “conspiracy theory” because it is more coherent in its meaning but more useful in avoiding confusion, ambiguity, manipulation around the understanding of this global danger. This would also reduce the chances of the pandemic spreading the conspiracy narrative.

Political and Legal Provision of the Russian Federation Military Security

Introduction . The International System of States is currently facing a threatening political and military situation of a global danger. It is possible to restrain the growing threat only by using the qualitatively new methods, which complement to the diplomatic measures. The Russian Federation military security must be ensured by reaching the goal of military system improvement using various state administration methods, including the legal ones. The Russian Federation provides the state military security by means of the legal rules, however in the course of the Special Military Operation started on February 24, 2022 it has become evident that adjustment of the military policy and the legal regulation in the military sphere is required. To increase the efficiency of the national military security provision, the deep theoretical research into the essence and content of the military security is necessary. The aim of this research is to identify the challenging aspects in the system of political and legal provision of the Russian Federation military security. Materials and Methods . The article analyses the political and legal basis for ensuring the military security of Russia. In the process of the study, the general scientific as well as special scientific methods were used, i.e. the cognitive analysis methods for studying the essence of the military security, the official legal documents analysis providing juridical definition of the categories framework of the military security as the object under research, sociological method of surveying the public opinion on the topic of military security and other methods. Results . It has been proved that the level of support among population of the military defense of Russia’s sovereignty and territory is high. The legal, material and ideological components of the Russian military policy need to be strengthened. Measures to improve the military policy in compliance with the public demand of the Russian citizens are proposed. Discussion and Conclusions . The problems of political and legal provision of the Russian Federation military security have been identified. The military policy goals on provision of the military security in the frame of the Russian national security for prevention of potential conflicts expansion are being solved in the process of strengthening the legal basis for the allied relations with the neighboring states, as well as strengthening the resource and ideological components of the military security system.

The Modern Scientific Proofs and their Authenticity in Criminal Evidence: Literature Review

This research seeks to review the growing literature on modern criminal evidence and the role of technological advancement in forensic science. We reviewed 114 forensic science studies based on a systematic literature review approach. The studies provide supporting evidence that technological advancement has permitted improved progress on modern criminal evidence. The analysis cybercrime and related offenses pose a global danger to many private and corporate entities around the world. Some nations (e.g., Algeria) have adopted the notion of proof-free prosecution, which means that there is no exception to the rule in modern criminal legislation comparison as a result of the necessity to adapt and cope with changes in all parts of one's existence. Also, conventional crimes, such as fraud and money laundering, have been creatively changed into new forms by the rising popularity of the Internet. Fruitful directions for further studies and implications for policymakers were discussed.

LOGISTICS SYNERGY AND SECURITY SYSTEM FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN GLOBAL HAZARDS

The article is devoted to the study of the relationship between logistics synergy and the security system as important factors for ensuring sustainable development in the context of global threats. The concept of logistics synergy is considered as an effective interaction and coordination of various logistics elements in order to achieve a total positive impact. The main focus of the article is aimed at analyzing the role of security systems in ensuring the sustainability of development in conditions of global dangers. It is studied how an effective security system can affect logistics processes, ensuring their reliability and resistance to external influences. The practical aspects of implementing logistics synergy and security systems into the practice of management in conditions of global risks are also considered. Emphasis is placed on the importance of developing integrated strategies aimed at a balanced combination of logistics efficiency and security to achieve sustainable development. An analysis of the important interrelationships between logistical synergies and security aspects is presented, as their integration can become a key factor in ensuring not only efficiency, but also sustainability in the face of global challenges. Various models and strategies aimed at the interaction between logistics processes and security systems are given, in particular, in the context of addressing uncertainty and risks arising from global hazards. An important emphasis is placed on the need to develop integrated strategies that cover both aspects of optimizing logistics processes and systems for warning and responding to possible threats. The author offer practical recommendations for implementing an integrated approach to managing logistics and security in the face of global uncertainty. The conclusions of the article can be useful for logistics specialists, researchers in the field of security and sustainable development, as well as for practicing managers who seek to optimize their strategies in the face of complex global conditions.

Design and Conceptual Development of a Novel Hybrid Intelligent Decision Support System Applied towards the Prevention and Early Detection of Forest Fires

Forest fires have become a major problem that every year has devastating consequences at the environmental level, negatively impacting the social and economic spheres of the affected regions. Aiming to mitigate these terrible effects, intelligent prediction models focused on early fire detection are becoming common practice. Considering mainly a preventive approach, these models often use tools that indifferently apply statistical or symbolic inference techniques. However, exploring the potential for the hybrid use of both, as is already being done in other research areas, is a significant novelty with direct application to early fire detection. In this line, this work proposes the design, development, and proof of concept of a new intelligent hybrid system that aims to provide support to the decisions of the teams responsible for defining strategies for the prevention, detection, and extinction of forest fires. The system determines three risk levels: a general one called Objective Technical Fire Risk, based on machine learning algorithms, which determines the global danger of a fire in some area of the region under study, and two more specific others which indicate the risk over a limited area of the region. These last two risk levels, expressed in matrix form and called Technical Risk Matrix and Expert Risk Matrix, are calculated through a convolutional neural network and an expert system, respectively. After that, they are combined by means of another expert system to determine the Global Risk Matrix that quantifies the risk of fire in each of the study regions and generates a visual representation of these results through a color map of the region itself. The proof of concept of the system has been carried out on a set of historical data from fires that occurred in the Montesinho Natural Park (Portugal), demonstrating its potential utility as a tool for the prevention and early detection of forest fires. The intelligent hybrid system designed has demonstrated excellent predictive capabilities in such a complex environment as forest fires, which are conditioned by multiple factors. Future improvements associated with data integration and the formalization of knowledge bases will make it possible to obtain a standard tool that could be used and validated in real time in different forest areas.

ІСТОРИКО-ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ В УКРАЇНІ

The global development of technologies, technological processes, society, the emergence of global problems is a tool for changing the vector of the study of economics. What is more, the current economy does not have a stable vision because the world is constantly changing, and economic priorities and directions are changing at the same time. Today, the world is planning to create a global economy, which will have a general world order, but the countries of the world have different views on the model of the formation of the global economy. However, different views on the formation of the social economy can act as a factor in its evolution. However, most of the countries of the world have reached certain common characteristics of the formation of the national economy by uniting in certain unions that have common values and ways of developing socio-economic processes. With the beginning of the formation of global environmental problems, which may make it impossible for descendants to exist in the near future, in case of their neglect, it is necessary to change the development of the economy in a new direction. Thus, after the discussion of global problems at the summit of the UN General Assembly, 17 strategic goals of world development were formed. In accordance with the consideration of "global danger" issues, the summit defined 17 sustainable development goals that the world should achieve by 2030. The world development model includes 3 spheres of activity: economy, society and ecology. Many countries of the world supported the initiative of strategic global formation and implemented documents of step-by-step strategic development at the level of unions, countries, and regions. Ukraine, in the conditions of active European integration, also supported the new direction of world development and developed the document "Ukraine-2020 Sustainable Development Strategy" in 2015, and at the same time changed the vector of economic development from industrial (post-industrial) to environmental. The scientific article examines the historical and theoretical aspects of the issue of the development of the strategic economy, its problems and the reflection of the current economic trend in Ukraine.

Russia, India, and China Alliance – Towards balancing the world order

The global financial order that emerged after the Second World War was primarily westernled with the USA as the center essentially making the international state system a unipolar one. The need for reforms in the global financial order has long been discussed citing the dangers of globalization that became evident after the 2008 global financial crisis and more recently after the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. In response to the sanction being imposed, Russia has taken up initiatives to detach itself from the dollar-based global financial order where China and India are seen as potential partners. The research paper takes up the concept of the Primakov Doctrine and the current Russia-India China (RIC) trilateral as a possible strategic triangle that can counterbalance the western-led global financial order by adopting a common currency.

The role of the internet in the process of Muslims radicalization in the Western Balkans

The research subject of this paper is the video material posted on YouTube in Bosnian and Serbian with the intention to radicalize the Muslim population from the Western Balkans. The analyzed video materials with radical messages were classified into two groups. Ones that aim at changing attitudes (cognitive radicalization) and the ones that propagate change in behaviour (engaging in violence, murder, terrorist acts, etc.). Narratives from those two basic groups were divided into subgroups within which their content was analyzed. The research in this paper showed that extreme Muslim radical messages that lead to terrorism expressed in the languages of small nations (in this case in Serbian or Bosnian) could have not only local, but a global, destructive aims, considering the global danger of Muslim radicalism.

Pandemic impact on population structure

The victims of the first wave of the pandemic caused by the coronavirus COVID-19 were tens of millions of people in the population inhabiting the Earth. A previously unknown strain of COVID 19, which has a specific affinity for lung tissue and high contagiousness, has demonstrated a global danger to the life of the population of the entire planet. The pathogenicity of the virus is due to a three-segment structure, in which the RNA-containing segment, which is a pathogenicity factor responsible for specific lesions, most likely has an enzymatic nature.