Global System For Communication Research Articles

A Distributed Learning Algorithm for Communication Development

We study the question of how a local learning algorithm, executed by multiple distributed agents, can lead to a global system of communication. First, the notion of a perfect communication system is defined. Next, two measures of communication system quality are specified. It is shown that maximization of these measures leads to perfect communication production. Based on this principle, local adaptation rules for communication development are constructed. The resulting stochastic algorithm is validated in computational experiments. Empirical analysis indicates that a mild degree of stochasticity is instrumental in reaching states that correspond to accurate communication.

Design and simulation of a smart master switch system based on multi-input XOR logic gate

Mechanical switches have been the conventional way of controlling electrical energy in different electrical systems such as: lighting systems, socket systems, and circuit breakers, especially in domestic, hospital, and industrial applications. Mechanical switches often require physical access to control different electrical devices that are connected to the power sources. The work presented in this paper aimed at designing and simulating a multi-input based Exclusive-Or master switch system that remotely controls the lighting and socket systems using the wireless switching mechanisms of Global System for Mobile communication and Bluetooth. The system therefore limits physical interaction that require use of the single pole double throw and keypad mechanical switches that are however included to act as fall-back mechanism in control of electrical devices. Within the recommended electrical safety measures, the design can be streamlined and integrated to remotely control lighting systems and sockets alongside the conventional mechanical switches in the consumer control unit.

The brain’s first “traffic map” through Unified Structural and Functional Connectivity (USFC) modeling

The brain’s white matter connections are thought to provide the structural basis for its functional connections between distant brain regions but how our brain selects the best structural routes for functional communications remains poorly understood. In this study, we propose a Unified Structural and Functional Connectivity (USFC) model and use an “economical assumption” to create the brain’s first “traffic map” reflecting how frequently each segment of the brain structural connection is used to achieve the global functional communication system. The resulting USFC map highlights regions in the subcortical, default-mode, and salience networks as the most heavily traversed nodes and a midline frontal-caudate-thalamus-posterior cingulate-visual cortex corridor as the backbone of the whole brain connectivity system. Our results further revealed a striking negative association between structural and functional connectivity strengths in routes supporting negative functional connections, as well as significantly higher efficiency metrics and better predictive performance for cognition in the USFC connectome when compared to structural and functional ones alone. Overall, the proposed USFC model opens up a new window for integrated brain connectome modeling and provides a major leap forward in brain mapping efforts for a better understanding of the brain’s fundamental communication mechanisms.

Postbreeding ecology of wood ducks in the Illinois River Valley

AbstractThe wood duck (Aix sponsa) consistently ranks within the top 5 harvested duck species for both Illinois and the Mississippi Flyway. While substantial research has been done on wood ducks, especially their breeding ecology, few studies have investigated the postbreeding ecology of the species. We captured and marked wood ducks with either a very high frequency (VHF) radio transmitter or a solar‐charged global system of mobile communication (GSM) transmitter during the postbreeding period from August through September 2018–2020. Capture locations were within the La Grange Pool of the Illinois River extending from near Pekin, Illinois to the La Grange Lock and Dam near Meredosia, Illinois, USA. We used conventional radio‐telemetry techniques to track wood ducks to determine cover type use, home range size, daily movement patterns, survival, and migration chronology. Home range size (95% minimum convex polygon) for wood ducks averaged 6,820 ± 572 ha (SE) and we did not find evidence for a difference by age, sex, or transmitter type. Daily movement distance in August (2,031 ± 51 m) was similar to daily movement distance in September (1,922 ± 44 m), but daily movement distances for August and September were less than daily movement distance for October (3,509 ± 53 m) and November (3,347 ± 106 m). Wood ducks primarily used wetlands with woody (45.0%) and emergent vegetation (40.4%), and the most commonly used wetland types by wood ducks were impounded wetlands (53.8%), lakes (17.6%), and ponds (10.7%). Model‐derived survival during the postbreeding period was 0.79 (95% CI = 0.74–0.84). Daily survival was positively related to increased river level and had a mean increase of 4.06 ± 0.67% for every 0.3‐m increase in the Illinois River level at low river levels (1.5–3.0 m) and a mean increase of 1.38 ± 0.32% for every 0.3‐m increase in the Illinois River level at high river levels (4.0–5.5 m). Average departure date of wood ducks leaving the Illinois River Valley was 27 October (range =13 August–15 December), and adult male wood ducks left the study area 11–16 days earlier than the other age and sex cohorts (H2 = 11.6, P = 0.01). Providing additional waterfowl sanctuaries that contain wooded wetlands, especially in years of low river levels, may increase survival for wood ducks during the postbreeding period.

Advancing the Quantum Internet: Integration of Quantum Machine Learning for Enhanced Efficiency and Reliability

Advancing the quantum internet through integrating Quantum Machine Learning (QML) presents a novel approach to addressing the significant challenges in quantum communication networks. Quantum internet, grounded in the principles of quantum mechanics, offers unparalleled security and computational power but faces hurdles such as error correction, efficient routing, and infrastructure maintenance. This paper first explores the foundational concepts that underpin the quantum internet, highlighting how quantum entanglement, superposition, and teleportation contribute to its potential. In the second half, this paper introduces QML techniques to enhance these systems, proposing adaptive error correction, optimized routing, and predictive maintenance as key innovations. These insights aim to improve quantum networks' efficiency, reliability, and scalability, positioning QML as a crucial element in the future development of global quantum communication systems.

Space and cybersecurity: Challenges and opportunities emerging from national strategy narratives

Modern societies are increasingly dependent on space technology. The number of activities that rely on space infrastructure includes global positioning and communications systems, financial transactions and global trade, public and private scientific research, environmental monitoring and fore-casting, and audio-visual entertainment. Within the security and defence domain, this reliance becomes even more pronounced as satellites enhance command, control, communications and intelligence, surveillance, and recon-naissance (C4ISR), missile defence, or advanced autonomous systems. Furthermore, ongoing advancements in science and technology are opening new frontiers in outer space, promising significant economic potential through ventures like space travel and space mining. Considering the geopolitical implications of the dependence on space technology, the objective of this study is to examine how Western countries and organizations understand space within their strategic thinking. By conducting a comparative analysis of the most recent national security strategies and security and defence space strategies released by a sample of Western countries and organizations, including the United States, the United Kingdom, France, the European Union and NATO, this study aims to discern the narratives employed to depict the space domain and to identify the key trends within it, with a specific focus on the interplay between space and cybersecurity.This exercise will facilitate the identification of areas where enhanced collaboration among the selected actors is feasible or where competition may define their relationships. Consequently, it will help determine the potential for a coordinated response to collective challenges.

Legal Regulation of E-courts in Ukraine as an Element of Access to Justice for the Protection of Individual Rights

The purpose of the research is to consider electronic judicial procedure as an element of access to justice regarding protection of rights of individuals. The assessment of the effectiveness of the judicial system in Ukraine in 2023 was 2.73 points on a 5-point scale. The judicial index consists of three equivalent components: the assessment of the level of trust in the judicial system of the CEOs of the EVA member companies, which this year was 2.17 points; the assessment of the impartiality of the judicial system, which is 2.88; and the average assessment of seven factors of the organization and operation of the judicial system, which is 3 and 13 points. It has been established that that certain elements of digitalization of social processes change the social space and, in particular, the mechanisms of judicial proceedings. In the process of the development of society, certain factors came to life and these factors led to the growth of the role of information and, and therefore, to a clearer allocation of the information function in the field of jurisprudence. The following conclusion was made: the need to use information technologies in the judiciary is due to the global informatization of modern society and the development of new forms of interaction in the civil sphere with the use of electronic means of communication: the global Internet, mobile and satellite communication systems, etc. “E-court” involves the use of information and communication technologies in the process of implementing procedural legislation. The novelties of the judicial system are aimed at expanding accessibility of justice in conditions of territorial peculiarities of the Ukrainian state, improving the quality of the process and efficiency, and achieving transparency and openness in the judicial system.

IoT based monitoring of distribution transformer

As transformer does not have any rotating parts hence it is called as static device, therefore it does not have mechanical losses, but internal stresses arose from abnormal system conditions like Over currents due to overloading on Transformer and short circuits, The faults can cause mechanical and thermal stresses inside the transformer winding and its connecting terminals. Thus transformer must be protected from above stresses. The aim of this project is to obtain real time data of transformer from remote places with the help of Internet of Things[ IOT] and then designing and implementing a Global system of Mobile communication [GSM] based technology to measure overvoltage, load current, and winding temperature. By measuring the condition of Transformer will help us to point out an any abnormalities before any serious damage that in turn leads to a greater credibility and significant cost savings

Vehicle Theft Detection and Locking System using GSM and GPS

A vehicle tracking system is very useful for tracking the movement of a vehicle from any location at any time. An efficient vehicle tracking system is designed and implemented for tracking the movement of any equipped vehicle from any location at any time. The proposed system made good use of popular technology that combines a smartphone with an Arduino UNO. This easy to make and inexpensive compared to others. The designed in vehicle device works using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global System for Mobile Communication(GSM) technology that is one of the most common ways for vehicle tracking. The device is embedded inside a vehicle those positions is to be determined and tracked in real time. A vehicle tracking system is an electronic device installed in a vehicle to enable the owner or a third party to track the vehicle's location. This paper proposed to design a vehicle tracking system that works using GPS and GSM technology, which would be the cheapest source of vehicle tracking and it would work as anti-theft system. It is an embedded system which is used for tracking and positioning of any vehicle by using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global system for mobile communication (GSM). An Arduino UNO is used to control the GPS receiver and GSM module. The vehicle tracking system uses the GPS module to get geographic coordinates at regular time interval. The GSM module is used to transmit andupdate the vehicle location to a database. This paper gives minute by minute update about vehicle location by sending SMS through GSM modem. This SMS contain latitude and longitude of the location of vehicle. Arduino UNO gets the coordinates from GPS modem and then it sends this information to user in text SMS. GSM modem is used to send this information via SMS sent to the owner of the vehicle. Location is displayed on LCD. And then Google map displays location and name of the place on cell phone. Thus, user able to continuously monitor a moving vehicle on demand using smartphone and determine the estimated distance and time for the vehicle to arrive at a given destination

IoT Based Electrical Devices Surveillance Control

Analogue electronics devices are losing ground to digital electronics components in today’s technologically evolved society. Another aspect of our increasingly digital society is the home device control system. A lot of people are chatting it up over the cellular phone network. These phone networks rely on WIFI modules as their foundation. A shorthand way to say “global system of mobile communication” is WIFI. In addition to being widely employed in industry, it is also used in several electronics projects undertaken by engineering students. It is possible to operate equipment from afar using WIFI-based projects. For instance, what if you wanted to be able to operate any equipment from afar using only your cell phone? Would it be possible? Sure, I can help you with that. Wi-Fi modules and cell phones make it easy to power on and off various gadgets. The home devices control system was developed to enable the control of home equipment from a mobile phone by using the aforementioned ideas. This document makes use of a regulated 5V, 1A power source. When controlling voltage, a 7805 three-terminal regulator is ideal. When a 230/12V step-down transformer’s secondary AC output needs rectifying, a bridge-type full wave rectifier is the way to go.

Electronic Judicial Procedure as an Element of Access to Justice Regarding Protection of Rights of Individuals: Legal, administrative, Theoretical and Informational Aspects

The purpose of the research is to consider electronic judicial procedure as an element of access to justice regarding protection of rights of individuals. Main content. It has been established that that certain elements of digitalization of social processes change the social space and, in particular, the mechanisms of judicial proceedings. In the process of the development of society, certain factors came to life and these factors led to the growth of the role of information, and therefore to a clearer allocation of the information function in the field of jurisprudence. Development of society and science requires introduction of new technologies into the judicial system of Ukraine. Methodology: The methodological basis of the research is presented as comparative-legal and systematic analysis, formal-legal method, interpretation method, hermeneutic method as well as methods of analysis and synthesis. Conclusions. The following conclusion was made that the need to use information technologies in the judiciary is due to the global informatization of the modern society, the development of new forms of interaction in the civil sphere with the use of electronic means of communication: the global Internet, mobile and satellite communication systems, etc. “Electronic justice” involves the use of information and communication technologies in the process of implementing procedural legislation. The novelties of the judicial system are aimed at expanding accessibility of justice in conditions of territorial peculiarities of the Ukrainian state, improving the quality of the process and efficiency, achieving transparency and openness of the judicial system.Key words: electronic judicial procedure, access, justice, protection, rights of individuals.

Ensuring Legal Safeguards for Digitalized Social Services within the Framework of Government Decentralization

The purpose of the study is to digitize the social services system in the context of decentralization of power: legal regulation and areas of improvement. Main content. It has been established that new online services are being introduced in Ukraine to enable consumers to receive such services virtually. In our opinion, in the future, these services should simplify the procedure for access to them, taking into account the entities which are primarily interested in using them, and expand the scope of their provision: from informing the consumer to obtaining the result. The society and science development requires the introduction of new technologies into the service system. It has been concluded that the need to use information technologies in judicial proceedings is due to the global informational support of modern society, and development of new interaction forms in the social area using electronic means of communication: the global Internet, mobile and satellite communication systems. The author reveals the essence of "Portal Diia", which is introduced within the framework of the Unified Social Information System of a single electronic document in the social matters, and highlighted the disadvantage of this application: ensuring the protection of personal data, and access to information about the citizen sphere of interests accumulated in computer networks.

Resonance of Traditions: Ancient Bhartiya Communication in a Contemporary Context

India is one of the oldest and most diverse civilizations in the world. It has a rich and varied history of communication, spanning from prehistoric times to the modern era. Ancient India was a diverse and complex society that developed various forms of communication over time. India has witnessed the development and evolution of various forms of communication, such as symbols, languages, scripts, literature, art, media, and technology. India has also contributed to the global communication system through its inventions, innovations, and influences. Ancient Indians used different languages, scripts, symbols, gestures, arts, and technologies to communicate with each other and with other cultures. Some of the main aspects of ancient Indian communication

Towards Norms for State Responsibilities regarding Online Disinformation and Influence Operations

The Internet has provided a global mass communication system, and in particular social media technologies began a social revolution for the public sphere. However, these platforms have been exploited for the purposes of influence operations and disinformation campaigns to hinder or subvert national decision-making processes by affecting the policy makers, voters, or swaying general public opinion. Often this is achieved through manipulative means falling within a grey area of international and constitutional systems. Existing proposed normative frameworks for responsible state behaviour in Cyberspace have tended to focus on cyber operations. While online influence operations are recognised as a concern, they were not explicitly discussed in the frameworks, resulting in knowledge gaps related to countering influence operations and disinformation. There is a growing narrative that influence operations and disinformation campaigns are a cyber security issue and nations sometimes include legislation related to disinformation in cyber security. This indicates that existing cyber norms can be used to guide the development of norms for addressing disinformation and influence operations. This paper aims to propose a normative framework for state responsibility relating to influence operations emerging from thematic analysis of existing cyber norms and research on mitigating influence operations.

Empowering and conquering infirmity of visually impaired using AI‐technology equipped with object detection and real‐time voice feedback system in healthcare application

AbstractThe Internet of Things is emerging as a crucial technology in aiding humans and making their lives easier. Among the human population, a large percentage of people suffer from disabilities resulting in challenges in everyday life particularly people with visual disabilities. While several inventions exist to aid people with blindness in their everyday lives, the tools are not adequate in terms of accessibility and efficiency. Smart cane is a useful technology that is being researched and developed to enhance navigation of the visually impaired through smart obstacle detection. Moreover, artificial intelligence is being incorporated in these devices to provide users with a sense of vision and allow them greater independence. However, these devices are expensive and often do not contain the desired functionality in a compact single device. The research by I‐CANe aims to create a low‐cost, single device system that is equipped with obstacle detection and identification features to enhance navigation for users without using multiple detection devices. The cane will also incorporate wireless communications for safety features such as Global Positioning System tracking and Global System for Mobile communication to allow maximum independence of the user.

Design and Implementation of Vehicle Tracking System with GPS

Abstract: An efficient vehicle tracking system is designed and implemented for tracking the movement of any equipped vehicle from any location at any time. The proposed system made good use of a popular technology that combines a Smartphone application with a microcontroller. This will be easy to make and inexpensive compared to others. The designed in-vehicle device works using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global system for mobile communication / General Packet Radio Service (GSM/GPRS) technology that is one of the most common ways for vehicle tracking. The device is embedded inside a vehicle whose position is to be determined and tracked in real-time. A microcontroller is used to control the GPS and GSM/GPRS modules. The vehicle tracking system uses the GPS module to get geographic coordinates at regular time intervals. The GSM/GPRS module is used to transmit and update the vehicle location to a database. A Smartphone application is also developed for continuously monitoring the vehicle location. The Google Maps API is used to display the vehicle on the map in the Smartphone application. Thus, users will be able to continuously monitor a moving vehicle on demand using the Smartphone application and determine the estimated distance and time for the vehicle to arrive at a given destination

Exhibitions Beyond Boundaries: Transnational Exchanges through Art, Architecture, and Design 1945-1985

As recent studies have shown,1 the history of exhibitions expands far beyond a disciplinary perspective of architectural, design, or cultural history. While scholarship on the history of international exhibitions between the 1850s and 1980s in the West is flourishing, the network of agents and institutions that has generated the consolidation of the global communication system still needs to be examined.2 This edited volume, entitled Exhibitions Beyond Boundaries: Transnational Exchanges through Art, Architecture, and Design 1945-1985, edited by Harriet Atkinson, Verity Clarkson, and Sarah A. Lichtman, is a major contribution to a research field that has remained on the margins of mainstream scholarship. In his important foreword, Jonathan M. Woodham highlights this essential book as a disciplinary turn within the historiography of exhibitions. Scholars have long recognized the possibilities and problems which lie in globalizing design history. Almost two decades ago, Christopher Bailey argued that ‘the need to develop a genuinely global field of enquiry has moved beyond being a challenge to becoming a duty’.3 Daniel Huppatz continues this trend, proposing design historians both ‘globalize history and historicize globalization,’ arguing that ‘there needs to be an understanding of the multi-directional nature of global flows - may require developing both new terms and new structures for analysis’.4 Applying the interdisciplinary approaches of design, art, and architectural history, but also social, economic, and political history, as well as cultural studies and curatorial studies, the book focuses on the ‘soft power’ of particular types of persuasion mediatized by exhibitions.

To Mars and Beyond: Engineering Life as a Moral Duty

To Mars and Beyond: Engineering Life as a Moral Duty

Simulation of Mathematical Model of Network Interference on Global System for Mobile Communication

Network interference is the incorporation of undesirable signals to desirable ones in an interconnected system. In this paper, the simulation of mathematical model of network interference with respect to global system of mobile communication is presented. The model was formulated and analyzed mathematically. Numerical simulation was carried out using real life data from Communication Towers Nigeria Limited, Northwest regional office Kaduna, Nigeria. The results obtained were very close to that of laboratory investigation.
 Keywords: Mathematical Model, Network, Interference, Congestion, Mobile communication, Stability

The IoT Based Health Monitoring with Alcohol Detection And Control System

Accidents caused due to drunken drive are increasing tremendously in this modern world. To prevent these kinds of accidents, we propose an IoT based health monitoring system with alcohol detection and control. The proposed project is designed to reduce accidents caused due to drunken driving. Globally the cases of accidents are increasing due to this aspect. In order to prevent these accident cases, in this project an IoT based method has been designed. In that Arduino, Alcohol Sensor, Heart beat rate sensor, Global System for Mobile communication, Wi-Fi modem, are utilized. Once the alcohol rate and heart beat rate are exceeding the specified limit, the command will be given to the ignition system of the vehicle to stop the operation of the vehicle.