Fiberglass Mesh Research Articles

Corrigendum to: “The ductility performance of concrete using glass fiber mesh in beam specimens”

Corrigendum to: “The ductility performance of concrete using glass fiber mesh in beam specimens”

On increasing the crack resistance of reinforced concrete structures by introducing fiberglass nets into the protective layer of concrete

Under operating conditions, the protective layer of concrete undergoes significant internal and external influences that lead to the formation of cracks. To increase the reliability and durability of reinforced concrete structures, it is proposed to install fiberglass nets in the protective layer of concrete, which is most susceptible to various aggressive influences during the operation of structures. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of fiberglass nets on increasing the crack resistance of the protective layer of concrete. The forces in the stretched concrete and in the rods of the fiberglass mesh located in the protective layer of concrete are calculated theoretically and using the software package «LIRA-CAD 2016» for a strip of concrete reinforced with a fiberglass mesh. The relative movements of the nodes in concrete and in the grid are determined and the obtained values are compared. As a result of the study, it was found that with a short-term effect of the load, fiberglass nets in the protective layer of concrete do not significantly affect the formation of cracks, with a long-term effect of the load, the presence of fiberglass nets reduces the formation of cracks by up to 2%. After the formation of microcracks in concrete, including from shrinkage deformations, fiberglass nets significantly hinder their further development.

Enhancing the Fire Resistance of Ablative Materials: Role of the Polymeric Matrix and Silicon Carbide Reinforcement.

The primary characteristic of ablative materials is their fire resistance. This study explored the development of cost-effective ablative materials formed into application-specific shapes by using a polymer matrix reinforced with ceramic powder. A thermoplastic (polypropylene; PP) and a thermoset (polyester; UPE) matrix were used to manufacture ablative materials with 50 wt% silicon carbide (SiC) particles. The reference composites (50 wt% SiC) were compared to those with 1 and 3 wt% short glass fibers (0.5 mm length) and to composites using a 1 and 3 wt% glass fiber mesh. Fire resistance was tested using a butane flame (900 °C) and by measuring the transmitted heat with a thermocouple. Results showed that the type of polymer matrix (PP or UPE) did not influence fire resistance. Composites with short glass fibers had a fire-resistance time of 100 s, while those with glass fiber mesh tripled this resistance time. The novelty of this work lies in the exploration of a specific type of material with unique percentages of SiC not previously studied. The aim is to develop a low-cost coating for industrial warehouses that has improved fire-protective properties, maintains lower temperatures, and enhances the wear and impact resistance.

Alternatives for Enhancing Mechanical Properties of Recycled Rubber Seismic Isolators.

Base isolators, traditionally made from natural rubber reinforced with steel sheets (SERIs), mitigate energy during seismic events, but their use in developing countries has been limited due to high cost and weight. To make them more accessible, lighter, cost-effective reinforcement fibers have been utilized. Additionally, the increasing use of natural rubber has caused waste storage and disposal issues, contributing to environmental pollution and disease spread. Exploring recycled rubber matrices as alternatives, this study improves seismic isolators' mechanical properties through modified reinforcements and layer adhesion. Eight reinforcement materials and eight adhesives, which may be activated with or without heat application, are systematically evaluated. Employing the chosen reinforcements and adhesives, prototypes are tested mechanically to examine their vertical and horizontal performance through cyclic compression and cyclic shear testing. Two innovative devices using recycled rubber matrices were developed, one using a layering technique and another through a monolithic approach shaped with heat and pressure. Both integrate a fiberglass mesh reinforced with epoxy resin; one employs a heat-activated hybrid adhesive, while the other uses a cold bonding adhesive. These prototypes exhibit potential in advancing seismic isolation technology for low-rise buildings in developing countries, highlighting the viability of recycled materials in critical structural applications.

Experimental and numerical investigations of the shear performance of reinforced concrete deep beams strengthened with hybrid SHCC-mesh

This paper investigates the shear strengthening of simply supported deep beams using welded wire mesh and glass fiber mesh filled with strain-hardening cementitious composites (SHCC) concrete. Nine reinforced concrete (RC) deep beams were tested in this study to investigate different shear-strengthening techniques including the type of mesh (glass fiber mesh and welded steel wire mesh), number of layers (single and double), and the effects of additional anchor using high-strength bolts on the shear performance of RC deep beams. The results showed the SHCC-mesh jackets increased the ultimate load of the deep beams by up to 82 %, cracking load by up to 73 %, elastic stiffness by up to 457 %, and energy absorption by up to 380 % compared to the unstrengthen control beam. Furthermore, the welded wire mesh provided greater enhancements of strength, stiffness, and energy absorption than the glass fiber mesh. In addition, anchoring the jackets further improved the strengthening efficiency. Advanced nonlinear three-dimensional finite element models were also simulated to capture the structural responses of the RC deep beams strengthened using welded wire mesh and glass fiber mesh. It was found that the numerical models accurately predicted the behavior of the beams upon validation against the experimental results.

Relationship between deflection basin parameters and backcalculated pavement layer moduli

In the case analysed, a glass fibre mesh was applied under the asphalt layer during a rehabilitation treatment. Because only one lane was reinforced, the test section can be used to observe the influence of glass fibre mesh on the relationship between the selected deflection basin parameters (RoC, BLI, MLI, and LLI) and back-calculated pavement layer moduli. The FWD measures were used to determine the bowl of deflection indicators and to back-calculate the layer’s moduli. The values of DBP-s allowed confirmation of the technical condition of pavement construction. The first measures were carried out in 2019 and repeated in 2021; the results were then compared and analysed. Influence was observed on the relationship between the deflection basin and moduli, especially for the base course and subgrade. The reinforced lane showed a better coefficient of determination between DBPs and moduli in 2019, but in 2021 relationships were observed only for LLI and subgrade moduli. The unreinforced lane, however, showed the mentioned relationships in both 2019 and 2021. Because of a relatively small number of measurement points, the presented analyses and observations should be considered as preliminary. Presented results and relationships are another step into developing an alternative approach to determining the initial pavement moduli i.e. to use as a seed moduli.

Wind load resistance of prefabricated ALC-rock wool external wall panel system

Exterior wall enclosure systems in steel-frame residential buildings are prone to extensive cracking and detachment under wind loads. This study, through research and comparison of commonly used materials, identified the exterior wall panel system with the optimal comprehensive performance. To assess the wind load resistance of this system, 11 sets of tensile tests were conducted considering anchor bolt quantity and the bonding rate parameters between autoclaved lightweight concrete (ALC) panels and rock wool boards. The research investigated the failure modes, load-bearing capacity, and failure mechanisms of the external wall panel system under wind suction loads. Based on the experimental findings, a simplified finite element simulation method was proposed and subjected to parameter analysis. This analysis explored the impact of anchor bolt quantity and layout. The research indicates that under tensile loads, the external wall panel system primarily experiences interfacial damage between rock wool boards and coating mortars. Its load-bearing capacity consists of the net bonding force between rock wool boards and finishing layers, as well as the mechanical force between fiberglass mesh and anchors. The load bearing capacity can be enhanced by strengthening the overall integrity of the system and by expanding the contact area between the fiberglass mesh and the anchor plate, with specific structural measures such as increasing the number of anchor, the bond ratio, and the diameter of the anchor plate. The arrangement of anchors has a minor impact on the load-bearing capacity of the external wall panel system but significantly affects the deformation of rock wool boards. Based on experimental and finite element studies, a simplified calculation method for the tensile load-bearing capacity of external wall panels for engineering applications was further developed and proven to be accurate through comparison with experimental results.

Experimental verification of innovative spatial reinforcement of ultra-high performance concrete with mesh tubes

The article presents the concept of innovative spatial concrete reinforcement, consisting of a new, patented reinforcement system with mesh tubes. The concept of spatial reinforcement is a proposal for homogenization of composite concrete structures, which in a unique and very effective way allows the use of reinforcing material in the form of an ordered structure of glass fibres. A comparative analysis was carried of the test results of concrete composite samples reinforced with mesh tubes made of high-strength glass fibre, with the results on concrete samples without reinforcement and on fibre concrete samples containing an equivalent amount of glass fibres of two different lengths, made of the same type of glass fibre as the mesh tubes. Base concrete with ultra-high performance properties was used for the tests. Experimental tests concerned the strength and deformation properties of the composites, i.e. compressive strength, direct tensile strength and splitting tensile strength, and secant modulus of elasticity in compression. Beam models were also tested in a four-point bending test, which made it possible to determine the load-carrying capacity, flexural strength and analyse the cracking and failure mechanism. Comparative analysis of the experimental results showed the high effectiveness of the proposed spatial reinforcement of concrete with glass fibre mesh tubes. The use of spatial reinforcement resulted in an increase in compressive strength, direct tensile and splitting tensile strength by 5 %, 29 %, 27 % respectively, compared to fibre concrete. However, the load-carrying capacity of the spatially reinforced beam was 85 % higher compared to the fibre concrete beam.

Mechanical behaviour of TRM and FRP-reinforced concrete voussoir masonry specimens

This research investigates, both experimentally and analytically, the mechanical performance of masonry specimens made with special lightweight concrete voussoirs joined with cement mortar and reinforced with TRM (Textile Reinforced Mortar) made of either fibreglass mesh, TRM with basalt mesh or FRPs (Fiber Reinforced Polymers). The specimens represent a segment of an arch. A total of 18 specimens were tested, with one-third featuring each reinforcement solution. Another variable studied was the number of sides reinforced with TRM or FRP, either one or three. The specimens were tested under eccentric compression to analyze the effectiveness of the reinforcements. An analytical model was calibrated with the experimental results and used to extrapolate the experimental results in terms of strength capacity. The specimens that exhibited the best mechanical behaviours were those reinforced with TRM using basalt mesh. The FRP reinforcement experienced prematurely debonding with the voussoirs.

Enhancing Seed Harvest of Wild Manila Clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) through Fiberglass Mesh Installation in the Tidal Flat of Jugyo, West Coast of Korea

Enhancing Seed Harvest of Wild Manila Clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) through Fiberglass Mesh Installation in the Tidal Flat of Jugyo, West Coast of Korea

Quantifying the Efficacy of Retrofitting Slabs Under Local Blast Loads through Numerical Analysis using Polyurea-Infused Woven Glass Fiber Mesh Composites

Terrorists now frequently use explosive attacks to carry out assaults. They frequently utilize car bombs, luggage bombs, or suicide bombs to target key buildings, creating fear and drawing public attention. The specimens used consist of semi-rigid slabs with varying thicknesses of 15 cm, 18 cm, and 20 cm. Two models were considered: one with additional reinforcement using polyurea-infused woven glass fiber mesh composites and another without any additional reinforcement. These slabs were subjected to blast loads. Numerical analysis was conducted using Wolfram Mathematica software. When polyurea-infused woven glass fiber mesh composites were used as reinforcement, slabs of decreasing thickness showed a big rise in their resistance to blast loads. This demonstrates the effectiveness of this material in enhancing slab performance under blast conditions. For example, when extra retrofitting using polyurea-infused woven glass fiber mesh composites was done at the same thickness (15 cm), a big drop was seen—a drop of 97.61%. Similarly, at a thickness of 18 cm, a decrease of 30.48% was experienced, while at a thickness of 20 cm, the reduction reached 70.40%.

Study of the Determination of Three-Point Flexural Strength Loading in Resin and Reinforcing Ornamental Stones

Theoretical framework: Brazil is one of the world's largest producers of ornamental stones, and is therefore the richest country in granite diversity in the world. Improvements in processing and production techniques have been developed over the years to add value to the final product. The resistance of stones is a preponderant factor for their application in certain environments. Some stone industries try to improve the resistance of the material by resining or reinforcing (resin plus fiberglass mesh) on their material. Method/project/approach: the work studied the behavior of resined and reinforced stones (resin plus fiberglass mesh). three-point flexural strength tests were carried out on pegmatite stones and quartzites. They were divided into groups with just resin and others with resin plus fiberglass mesh. Results and conclusion: The results showed that in the group of Pegmatite stones it was possible to obtain a gain of up to 44% in material resistance when resined and reinforced. However, the Quartzites did not have a significant gain, in some cases they obtained a lower value when reinforced. Only one of the quartzites achieved a 14% gain in resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a preliminary study with laboratory tests before resining and reinforcing the ornamental stones for sold. Research implications: Compare the three-point flexural strength between samples of pegmatic and quartzite stones and evaluate the resistance of reinforced (resin plus fiberglass mesh) and resin (resin) stones. Originality/value: analyze the influence of resin and fiberglass mesh on the three-point flexural strength of ornamental stones.

Mechanical and clogging characteristics of SBR modified pervious concrete reinforced with geogrids - A Functional Data Analysis approach

Pervious concrete is a special type of concrete with high porosity but with limited structural strength. Geogrid reinforced pervious concrete is a specialized type of pervious concrete that incorporates geogrids for added structural performance. The composite material benefits from the geogrid's tensile strength and load-spreading capability with the addition of geogrids. Present study aims at investigating the mechanical, shrinkage and clogging characteristics of Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) modified pervious concrete reinforced with glass fiber mesh, HDPE mesh, fiber glass geogrid, HDPE geogrid and coir geogrid. SBR modification is done from 0% to 15% by weight of cement The results show a palpable improvement in flexural strength of pervious concrete. HDPE geogrid provides almost the double flexural strength as non-reinforced pervious concrete. SBR modification of pervious concrete also enhanced the mechanical properties. Each grid/mesh has its own optimum dosage of SBR for maximum flexural strength. Laying geogrids can reduce the drying shrinkage of pervious concrete. The relative contact area of grid/mesh with the cement paste is a critical factor in reducing drying shrinkage. However, geogrid can lead to clogging in pervious concrete. Soil particles get accumulated in the void spaces and thereby reduce its permeability. Coir geogrid traps a larger quantity of soil particles impairing the permeability. Functional regression modelling by Functional Data Analysis approach is used to analyse the relationship between various grids and meshes with the properties of pervious concrete. The p-value and derivative plots gives better insight into the factorial effects.

Performance of RC beams developed with ECC layer and AR glass fiber mesh under flexural loading

Performance of RC beams developed with ECC layer and AR glass fiber mesh under flexural loading

Efficiency evaluation of a commercial superficial strengthening system applied to AAC-block walls under diagonal compression

The article presents the influence of a superficial strengthening system on the behaviour of AAC-block walls with thin bed joints and unfilled head joints. The strengthening system consisted of a high-strength fibreglass mesh applied to both wall surfaces with a mineral mortar reinforced with fibreglass. A series of strengthened and unstrengthened specimens was tested under diagonal compression according to ASTM E519-15 to determine their shear strength and stress-strain characteristics. The use of optical strain measurement made it possible to identify the failure mode for both types of the tested walls. The strengthening system changed the wall failure development, which was initiated by unfilled head joints in both cases. The application of the strengthening system on both wall surfaces improved the strength properties of the wall significantly. The load-bearing capacity of the specimens increased by nearly 90% and cracking of the walls occurred at loads about 50% higher compared to specimens with no superficial strengthening. The strengthened specimens exhibited a ductile behaviour after reaching the maximum bearing capacity. A simplified method for computing the cracking load and maximum load was also proposed, the results of which are consistent with the tests results.

Some physical and mechanical properties of Laminated Veneer Lumber reinforced with glass fiber mesh

Some physical and mechanical properties of Laminated Veneer Lumber reinforced with glass fiber mesh

Experimental Study on the Mechanical Properties of Reinforced Pervious Concrete

Pervious concrete (PC) has gained popularity as an environmentally friendly solution for mitigating the urban heat island effect and promoting sustainable construction. However, its lower compressive strength, attributed to its higher porosity required for permeability, poses challenges for withstanding heavy vehicle loads on pavements. Our study aims to improve the flexural strength of regular PC by adding advanced reinforcing materials like steel wire mesh or glass fiber mesh. This results in reinforced pervious concrete, referred to as RPC, which offers enhanced strength and durability. The primary objective of our research is to investigate the mechanical behavior of RPC, with a specific emphasis on essential design parameters such as PC elastic modulus, modulus of rupture, and stress–strain characteristics under both single and repeated loading conditions. Our findings reveal that the influence of repeated loading on the compressive strength and elastic modulus of PC pavement is negligible, as there are no significant differences observed between the two loading protocols. Notably, our statistical analysis indicates that the PC strength (fc′) averages around 15 MPa. Moreover, empirical formulas for the elastic modulus (Ec = 3072fc′) and modulus of rupture (fr = 0.86fc′) are derived from our research. Furthermore, our study establishes that the stress–strain behavior of PC closely aligns with the general concrete model proposed by a previous scholar, providing valuable insights into the material’s structural performance. These findings contribute to a better understanding of RPC’s mechanical properties and offer potential solutions for improving its suitability for heavier vehicular loads.

Degradation of typical environmental pollutants (ciprofloxacin, carbamazepine and 17-β estradiol) on supported TiO2 photocatalysts: Identification of degradation products and in silico toxicity assessment

The study describes a few significant aspects of photocatalytic studies: (i) the methodology for finding optimal support for TiO2 photocatalytic films with possible environmental application and (ii) degradation of pollutants of widespread concern including detailed kinetic study and identification of degradation products with respective in silico toxicity assessment. Different cotton textiles and glass fiber mesh were studied as flexible supports for TiO2. Preliminary experiments were done with an aqueous solution of 2-HBA in a rectangular open channel reactor under UVA light, due to known kinetics and photocatalytic degradation pathway of 2-HBA. Further environmental application of the photocatalytic film on the most appropriate support was studied in the same reactor using ciprofloxacin (CIPRO), carbamazepine (CARBA) and 17β-estradiol (E2) as model environmental pollutants under UVA and artificial solar irradiation. A detailed kinetic study, including photon absorption effects, was performed using recently published models. Degradation products were identified by means of high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF MS system) with electrospray ionization analysis of the water samples. The environmental impact of photocatalytic oxidation of CIPRO, CARBA and E2 was addressed via in silico toxicity assessment of initial pollutants and respective degradation products.

Empirical investigation of temperature effects on the mechanical properties of glass textile reinforced concrete

Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC) is an innovative composite material that combines fine-grained concrete with textile fibers, resulting in improved mechanical properties for building materials. This research focuses on the impact of elevated temperatures on the mechanical characteristics of Glass TRC. Specifically, it investigates the tensile strength and bonding between glass rovings and fine-grained concrete. The study includes pullout tests on bonding TRC specimens and uniaxial tensile tests on tensile specimens exposed to temperatures of 30°C, 80°C, 150°C, and 200°C. The experimental results reveal that at 30 °C, the fiberglass mesh exhibits strong adhesion to fine-grained concrete, with an average bonding strength of 23.2 N/mm and an anchor length of approximately 120 mm. However, as the temperature increased to 150 °C and 200 °C, the bonding strength decreased by 33.4% and 46.2%, respectively. The tensile strength of TRC was 1470 MPa at 30 °C, but it decreased by 21.9% and 30.4% at temperatures of 150ºC and 200ºC.

The ductility performance of concrete using glass fiber mesh in beam specimens

Abstract It is known that concrete with high ductility reduces fatalities because it absorbs more energy during an earthquake. The aim of this study is to increase the ductility of concrete by using glass fiber mesh (GFM) left over from the use of plaster in structures and to support sustainability by reusing waste materials in concrete. Another aim is to contribute to the economy by using waste fibers instead of expensive fibers such as carbon and polypropylene in concrete. Two types of concrete were used: class C25 concrete and self-compacting concrete. The specified number of GFM materials was cut into 3 cm wide pieces and placed in 10 cm × 10 cm × 50 cm concrete beam specimens in varying numbers. It was found that the flexural values of the obtained specimens gave slightly better results than the prepared reference specimen. In addition, the increasing stress zones in the beams were visualized using the ANSYS software.