Glasgow G12 8QQ Research Articles

Whole Brain With Vasculature

HomeStroke: Vascular and Interventional NeurologyVol. 3, No. 1Whole Brain With Vasculature Open AccessResearch ArticlePDF/EPUBAboutView PDFView EPUBSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyReddit Jump toOpen AccessResearch ArticlePDF/EPUBWhole Brain With Vasculature Ameerah Gardee Ameerah GardeeAmeerah Gardee *Correspondence to: Ameerah Gardee, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK. E‐mail: [email protected] , College of Medical, , Veterinary and Life Sciences, , University of Glasgow, , Glasgow, , UK, Search for more papers by this author Originally published3 Jan 2023https://doi.org/10.1161/SVIN.122.000683Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology. 2023;3:e000683About the artist: Ameerah Gardee is an undergraduate student at the University of Glasgow in Scotland, where she is Primary Chair of the National Undergraduate Neuroanatomy Competition 2023.About the technique: Watercolor forms the beginning, middle, and end of the artwork, principally the wet‐on‐dry technique. This is where the paint is prepared—in this case, each shade is mixed precisely rather than being applied as sold—to a dry watercolor paper base. To facilitate a more natural color gradient, the area where the paint is being applied may be dampened beforehand, and >1 color preparation may be applied to enhance the depth of perspective. As most watercolors are transparent in nature, this process may be repeatedly applied to achieve the desired appearance.About the art: This piece was originally the second of 2 that were painted—the first being a similar subject in the same medium done several years before this painting. The art shown here was initially intended by the author to reflect her progress as an illustrator—a testament to the result of consistent practice and perseverance.Sources of FundingNone.DisclosuresThis is original artwork created by the author that has not been published—partially or entirely—elsewhere. The author has no conflicts of interest to disclose.AcknowledgmentsFor mum and dad, who have always encouraged my love of art, even when I saw no real potential in it.Footnotes*Correspondence to: Ameerah Gardee, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK. E‐mail: [email protected] Previous Back to top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails January 2023Vol 3, Issue 1Article InformationMetrics © 2023 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., and the Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology by Wiley Periodicals LLC.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.https://doi.org/10.1161/SVIN.122.000683 Manuscript receivedSeptember 7, 2022Manuscript acceptedOctober 6, 2022Originally publishedJanuary 3, 2023 PDF download

Dynamic Carbon-Neutrality Assessment Needed to Tackle the Impacts of Global Crises.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVViewpointNEXTDynamic Carbon-Neutrality Assessment Needed to Tackle the Impacts of Global CrisesPeng JiangPeng JiangDepartment of Industrial Engineering and Management, Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, ChinaMore by Peng Jianghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0502-113X, Christian SonneChristian SonneDepartment of Ecoscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, DenmarkMore by Christian Sonne, and Siming You*Siming YouJames Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.*Email: [email protected]More by Siming YouView Biographyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2175-7291Cite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2022, 56, 14, 9851–9853Publication Date (Web):July 7, 2022Publication History Published online8 July 2022Published inissue 19 July 2022https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c04412Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSACS AuthorChoiceCC: Creative CommonsBY: Credit must be given to the creatorArticle Views789Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:COVID-19,Climate change,Energy,Solar energy,Testing and assessment Get e-Alerts

Ramified Natural Theology in Science and Religion: Moving Forward from Natural Theology

Ramified Natural Theology in Science and Religion: Moving Forward from Natural Theology

Guidelines on the measurement of ultraviolet radiation levels in ultraviolet phototherapy: report issued by the British Association of Dermatologists and British Photodermatology Group 2015

Guidelines on the measurement of ultraviolet radiation levels in ultraviolet phototherapy: report issued by the British Association of Dermatologists and British Photodermatology Group 2015 H. Moseley, D. Allan, H. Amatiello, A. Coleman, H. du Peloux Menag e, C. Edwards, L.S. Exton, J. Ferguson, T. Garibaldinos, C. Martin and M.F. Mohd Mustapa The Photobiology Unit, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, U.K. The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, U.K. Radiation Physics and Protection Group, Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LJ, U.K. Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, St Thomas’ Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, U.K. Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, High Street, London SE13 6LH, U.K. Royal Gwent Hospital, Cardiff Road, Newport NP20 2UB, U.K. British Association of Dermatologists, Willan House, 4 Fitzroy Square, London W1T 5HQ, U.K. Department of Clinical Physics and Bio-Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.

ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Synthesis of the Tricyclic Core of Taxol (IV) by Cascade Metathesis.

ChemInformVolume 45, Issue 50 Natural Products ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Synthesis of the Tricyclic Core of Taxol (IV) by Cascade Metathesis. Aurelien Letort, Aurelien Letort WestCHEM, Sch. Chem., Univ. Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorRemi Aouzal, Remi Aouzal WestCHEM, Sch. Chem., Univ. Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorCong Ma, Cong Ma WestCHEM, Sch. Chem., Univ. Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorDe-Liang Long, De-Liang Long WestCHEM, Sch. Chem., Univ. Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorJoelle Prunet, Joelle Prunet WestCHEM, Sch. Chem., Univ. Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKSearch for more papers by this author Aurelien Letort, Aurelien Letort WestCHEM, Sch. Chem., Univ. Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorRemi Aouzal, Remi Aouzal WestCHEM, Sch. Chem., Univ. Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorCong Ma, Cong Ma WestCHEM, Sch. Chem., Univ. Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorDe-Liang Long, De-Liang Long WestCHEM, Sch. Chem., Univ. Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorJoelle Prunet, Joelle Prunet WestCHEM, Sch. Chem., Univ. Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKSearch for more papers by this author First published: 27 November 2014 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.201450205Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume45, Issue50December 16, 2014 RelatedInformation

Ms Hassanzadeh, et al reply

To the Editor: We thank Dr. Kapoor for his interest1 in our recent article on the use of subcutaneous methotrexate (MTX)2. He lists the rare side effects of this drug but fails to point out … Address correspondence to Dr. R. Hassanzadeh, University of Glasgow – Medical School, Wolfson Medical School Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK. E-mail: royahmr{at}googlemail.com

Ceftriaxone-related agranulocytosis during outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy

The Brownlee Centre for Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and Counselling, Gartnaval General Hospital, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 3YN, UK; The Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK; Division of Inflammation, Infection and Immunity, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK

Wave-Emplaced Coarse Debris and Megaclasts in Ireland and Scotland: Boulder Transport in a High-Energy Littoral Environment: A Discussion

Scheffers et al. (2009) describe a reconnaissance survey of boulder accumulations along parts of the Atlantic coasts of the British Isles. A substantial part of their report concerns the characteristics of wave-transported boulder deposits found high above sea level on cliffs. These boulder deposits reach perhaps their ultimate development along the coasts of the Aran Islands, Galway Bay, western Ireland, and Eshaness, Shetland, northern Scotland, where evidence of wave action reaches elevations of 50 m above sea level (a.s.l.). We have previously investigated in detail these and numerous other similar localities and concluded that the boulder deposits are cliff-top storm deposits (CTSDs), part of an assemblage of features found on certain cliffs on these very high-energy coasts that relate to the impacts of extreme waves during major storms (Williams and Hall 2004; Hall et al. 2006, 2008; Hansom et al. 2008; Hansom and Hall 2009). However, Scheffers et al. (2009, p. 571) claim that at these and other sites “no evidence ... exists for storm wave dislocation of ... boulders found at altitudes of 120 m a.s.l.” Indeed, “no calculations of possible storm wave heights, storm wave physics, or ages of the deposits and no descriptions of extraordinary storms are sufficient to explain these displacements” (p. 568), and “alternative explanations, such as tsunamis, should be considered” (p. 571). Here we rebut these claims by briefly restat-

Credit Crunch: Origins and Orientation

Credit Crunch: Origins and OrientationPaul Cockshott and Dave ZachariahPaul CockshottSearch for more papers by this author and Dave Zachariah1 Department of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK. [email protected]2 [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:June 2010https://doi.org/10.1521/siso.2010.74.3.343PDFPDF PLUS ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations About Previous article Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Cited byCited byPaul Cockshott and Allin Cottrell1. The Relation Between Economic and Political Instances in the Communist Mode of ProductionOnline publication date: 2 June 2005. Go to citation Crossref Volume 74Issue 3Jul 2010 Information© 2010 by S & S Quarterly, Inc.PDF download

Development of a Building Block Strategy To Access Gigantic Nanoscale Heteropolyoxotungstates by Using SeO32− as a Template Linker

} and Se linkers areshown in ball-and-stick mode (W: blue, O: pink, Se: green).[*] J. Yan, Dr. D.-L. Long, Prof. L. CroninWestCHEM, Department of Chemistry, The University of GlasgowUniversity Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland (UK)Fax: ( +44)141-330-4888E-mail: longd@chem.gla.ac.ukl.cronin@chem.gla.ac.ukHomepage: http://www.croninlab.com[**] We thank the EPSRC, the Chinese Scholarship Council, WestCHEM,The University of Glasgow and the Royal Society-Wolfson Founda-tion for supporting this work.Supporting information for this article is available on the WWWunder http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201000076.

Fatty acid signature analysis confirms foraging resources of a globally endangered Mediterranean seabird species: calibration test and application to the wild

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 398:245-258 (2010) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08291 Fatty acid signature analysis confirms foraging resources of a globally endangered Mediterranean seabird species: calibration test and application to the wild Reijo Käkelä1,2,*, Anne Käkelä1, Alejandro Martínez-Abraín3, Blanca Sarzo4, Maite Louzao3,6, Cati Gerique4, Elena Villuendas4, Ursula Strandberg1, Robert W. Furness5, Daniel Oro3,** 1Faculty of Biosciences, University of Joensuu, PO Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland 2Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO Box 65, 00014 Helsinki, Finland 3Institut Mediterrani d’Estudis Avançats IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Miquel Marquès 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain 4Centro de Recuperación de Fauna Granja de El Saler, Conselleria de Medio Ambiente, Avda. de los Pinares 106, El Saler, 46012 Valencia, Spain 5Faculty of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK 6Present address: Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France *Email: reijo.kakela@helsinki.fi**Email: d.oro@uib.es ABSTRACT: Dietary studies of seabirds provide information on food webs and oceanographic variability. Studying fatty acid signatures (FAS), which reflect changes in the composition of the diet, has several advantages over traditional methods. In the context of the Mediterranean marine ecosystem, we studied tissue FAS in captive-fed and wild seabirds. Yellow-legged gulls Larus michahellis were experimentally fed either pelagic (sardine Sardina pilchardus) or demersal (spotted flounder Citharus linguatula) fish for 8 wk, and FAS in the birds’ plasma and adipose tissue were studied. The FAS developed patterns characteristic of the sardine or flounder diet, showing the reliability of both types of samples. In addition, plasma samples of 20 endangered wild Balearic shearwaters Puffinus mauretanicus and their most likely prey items from the Mediterranean Sea were collected and analyzed for FAS. Based on FAS of Mediterranean fish, and the results from the feeding experiment, the diet of the endangered wild shearwaters was estimated. In terms of the composition of polyunsaturated fatty acids, the plasma FAS of the shearwaters resembled those of the captive gulls kept on a sardine diet, suggesting that pelagic feeding resources dominate shearwater diet. However, the high level of 20:1n-11, likely metabolized from 22:1n-11 by the birds themselves, suggested that the diet also contained a demersal component rich in 22:1n-11. Contrary to the situation in the open oceans, the levels of the C20 and C22 monounsaturated fatty acids are low in the Mediterranean food web and characteristic of most demersal species. Our results support the findings of previous field studies that the diet of the shearwaters is frequently supplemented by demersal fish from fishery discards. KEY WORDS: Adipose tissue · Fatty acid signatures · Feeding ecology · Seabird–fishery interactions · Larus · Puffinus · Shearwater · Plasma · Yellow-legged gull Full text in pdf format Supplementary Material PreviousNextCite this article as: Käkelä R, Käkelä A, Martínez-Abraín A, Sarzo B and others (2010) Fatty acid signature analysis confirms foraging resources of a globally endangered Mediterranean seabird species: calibration test and application to the wild. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 398:245-258. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08291Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 398. Online publication date: January 05, 2010 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2010 Inter-Research.

Vitamin D in treated melanoma patients on follow up

British Journal of DermatologyVolume 162, Issue 3 p. 697-697 Vitamin D in treated melanoma patients on follow up R.M. MacKie, R.M. MacKie Department of Public Health and Health Policy,University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.E-mail: R.M.Mackie@clinmed.gla.ac.ukSearch for more papers by this author R.M. MacKie, R.M. MacKie Department of Public Health and Health Policy,University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.E-mail: R.M.Mackie@clinmed.gla.ac.ukSearch for more papers by this author First published: 15 February 2010 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09596.xCitations: 1 Conflicts of interest: none declared. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume162, Issue3March 2010Pages 697-697 RelatedInformation

C−C Coupling Constants,JCC, Are Reliable Probes for α-C−C Agostic Structures

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTC−C Coupling Constants, JCC, Are Reliable Probes for α-C−C Agostic StructuresCédric Boulho†, Tracy Keys†, Yannick Coppel†, Laure Vendier†, Michel Etienne*†, Abel Locati‡, Fabienne Bessac‡, Feliu Maseras*‡§, Dimitrios A. Pantazis∥, and John E. McGrady*∥View Author Information CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205, route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France, and Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, LCC, F-31077 Toulouse, France, Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avgda. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain, Unitat de Química Física, Edifici Cn, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain, and WestCHEM, Department of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected] (M.E.); [email protected] (F.M.); [email protected] (J.E.M.).†CNRS, LCC and Université de Toulouse.‡Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ).§Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.∥University of Glasgow.Cite this: Organometallics 2009, 28, 4, 940–943Publication Date (Web):January 21, 2009Publication History Received16 October 2008Published online21 January 2009Published inissue 23 February 2009https://doi.org/10.1021/om800999aCopyright © 2009 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views883Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (101 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Hydrocarbons,Ligands,Metals,Molecular properties,Transition metals Get e-Alerts

Seabird bycatch in the Brazilian pelagic longline fishery and a review of capture rates in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean

ESR Endangered Species Research Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials ESR 5:137-147 (2008) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00115 Seabird bycatch in the Brazilian pelagic longline fishery and a review of capture rates in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean Leandro Bugoni1, 2,*, Patricia L. Mancini1, Danielle S. Monteiro3, 4, Loretha Nascimento1, Tatiana S. Neves1 1Projeto Albatroz, Av. dos Bancários 76/22, Ponta da Praia, CEP 11030-300, Santos-SP, Brazil 2Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK 3Núcleo de Educação e Monitoramento Ambiental – NEMA, R. Maria Araújo 450, Cassino, CEP 96207-480, Rio Grande-RS, Brazil 4Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Laboratório de Elasmobrânquios e Aves Marinhas, C.P. 474, CEP 96201-900, Rio Grande-RS, Brazil *Email: l.bugoni.1@research.gla.ac.uk ABSTRACT: The southwestern Atlantic Ocean is an important foraging ground throughout the year for several albatross and petrel species. Longline fishing fleets in the region currently pose the main threat for this group of seabirds at sea, and conservation measures are urgently required. We present information on bycatch rates of seabirds in the Brazilian domestic pelagic longline fishery from 2001 to 2007, and review bycatch rates reported for the demersal and pelagic longline fisheries in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Overall seabird capture rate for the Brazilian pelagic longline fleet during 63 cruises (656 sets and 788446 hooks) was 0.229 birds per 1000 hooks, varying from 0 to 0.542 according to season. Capture rates were higher between June and November (cold season) and affected mainly the black-browed albatross Thalassarche melanophris (55% of birds captured), the white-chinned petrel Procellaria aequinoctialis, the spectacled petrel Procellaria conspicillata and the Atlantic yellow-nosed albatross Thalassarche chlororhynchos. Capture rates previously reported in the SW Atlantic varied from 0 to 5.03 birds per 1000 hooks, with those reports based on logbooks or fishermen interviews tending to underestimate capture rates, whereas those based on small numbers of hooks or short time periods tend to greatly overestimate rates in both pelagic and demersal longline fisheries. Previous studies have played an important role in delimiting the seabird bycatch problem, forming a baseline for mitigation actions and serving as a guide for improvements in data collection. However, data collected by onboard seabird-dedicated observers are more reliable, provide a greater range of information relating to bycatch, and form a baseline for more robust analysis and addressing further questions. The current study highlights the stochastic nature of seabird fatalities in longline fisheries and the need for extensive sampling to obtain realistic estimates of capture rates covering different years, seasons, vessels, and the range of fishing gear and practices. KEY WORDS: Albatrosses · Petrels · Longline · Incidental capture · Review · Brazil · Fisheries Full text in pdf format PreviousNextCite this article as: Bugoni L, Mancini PL, Monteiro DS, Nascimento L, Neves TS (2008) Seabird bycatch in the Brazilian pelagic longline fishery and a review of capture rates in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Endang Species Res 5:137-147. https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00115 Export citation Mail this link - Contents Mailing Lists - RSS Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in ESR Vol. 5, No. 2-3. Online publication date: December 23, 2008 Print ISSN: 1863-5407; Online ISSN: 1613-4796 Copyright © 2008 Inter-Research.

Seabird bycatch in the Brazilian pelagic longline fishery and a review of capture rates in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean

ESR Endangered Species Research Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials ESR 5:137-147 (2008) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00115 Seabird bycatch in the Brazilian pelagic longline fishery and a review of capture rates in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean Leandro Bugoni1, 2,*, Patricia L. Mancini1, Danielle S. Monteiro3, 4, Loretha Nascimento1, Tatiana S. Neves1 1Projeto Albatroz, Av. dos Bancários 76/22, Ponta da Praia, CEP 11030-300, Santos-SP, Brazil 2Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK 3Núcleo de Educação e Monitoramento Ambiental – NEMA, R. Maria Araújo 450, Cassino, CEP 96207-480, Rio Grande-RS, Brazil 4Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Laboratório de Elasmobrânquios e Aves Marinhas, C.P. 474, CEP 96201-900, Rio Grande-RS, Brazil *Email: l.bugoni.1@research.gla.ac.uk ABSTRACT: The southwestern Atlantic Ocean is an important foraging ground throughout the year for several albatross and petrel species. Longline fishing fleets in the region currently pose the main threat for this group of seabirds at sea, and conservation measures are urgently required. We present information on bycatch rates of seabirds in the Brazilian domestic pelagic longline fishery from 2001 to 2007, and review bycatch rates reported for the demersal and pelagic longline fisheries in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Overall seabird capture rate for the Brazilian pelagic longline fleet during 63 cruises (656 sets and 788446 hooks) was 0.229 birds per 1000 hooks, varying from 0 to 0.542 according to season. Capture rates were higher between June and November (cold season) and affected mainly the black-browed albatross Thalassarche melanophris (55% of birds captured), the white-chinned petrel Procellaria aequinoctialis, the spectacled petrel Procellaria conspicillata and the Atlantic yellow-nosed albatross Thalassarche chlororhynchos. Capture rates previously reported in the SW Atlantic varied from 0 to 5.03 birds per 1000 hooks, with those reports based on logbooks or fishermen interviews tending to underestimate capture rates, whereas those based on small numbers of hooks or short time periods tend to greatly overestimate rates in both pelagic and demersal longline fisheries. Previous studies have played an important role in delimiting the seabird bycatch problem, forming a baseline for mitigation actions and serving as a guide for improvements in data collection. However, data collected by onboard seabird-dedicated observers are more reliable, provide a greater range of information relating to bycatch, and form a baseline for more robust analysis and addressing further questions. The current study highlights the stochastic nature of seabird fatalities in longline fisheries and the need for extensive sampling to obtain realistic estimates of capture rates covering different years, seasons, vessels, and the range of fishing gear and practices. KEY WORDS: Albatrosses · Petrels · Longline · Incidental capture · Review · Brazil · Fisheries Full text in pdf format PreviousNextCite this article as: Bugoni L, Mancini PL, Monteiro DS, Nascimento L, Neves TS (2008) Seabird bycatch in the Brazilian pelagic longline fishery and a review of capture rates in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Endang Species Res 5:137-147. https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00115 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in ESR Vol. 5, No. 2-3. Online publication date: December 23, 2008 Print ISSN: 1863-5407; Online ISSN: 1613-4796 Copyright © 2008 Inter-Research.

Regional variation in the role of bottom-up and top-down processes in controlling sandeel abundance in the North Sea

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 337:279-286 (2007) - doi:10.3354/meps337279 Regional variation in the role of bottom-up and top-down processes in controlling sandeel abundance in the North Sea Morten Frederiksen1,*, Robert W. Furness2, Sarah Wanless1 1Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Hill of Brathens, Banchory AB31 4BW, UK 2Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK *Email: mfr@ceh.ac.uk ABSTRACT: The lesser sandeel Ammodytes marinus is a critically important mid-trophic species in the North Sea ecosystem. Seabirds suffered widespread breeding failures in the North Sea in 2004, due to shortages of sandeels, their principal food. Industrial sandeel fisheries also failed in 2003 to 2005. Explaining why sandeels were in short supply is thus critical to understanding and managing the North Sea ecosystem. Sandeel abundance may be controlled ‘bottom-up’ by food availability or ‘top-down’ by predation, including fisheries. The relative importance of these 2 mechanisms may vary over space and time, and failure to take account of such variation may lead to inappropriate management. We summarise the available evidence for top-down or bottom-up control of sandeel abundance in 2 well-studied North Sea regions differing in many biotic and abiotic characteristics. In Shetland, recent low abundance of sandeels coincided with record-high abundance of herring, which may have exerted a top-down predation pressure on sandeels. Off SE Scotland, where adult herrings are scarce, abundance of sandeel larvae was positively correlated with plankton abundance, indicating bottom-up control. Seabird breeding failures in this area in 2004 were linked to extremely low energy content of sandeels. Large-scale sandeel fisheries have not been operating in either area since 2000. Control of food web structure and function in the North Sea is thus likely to be complex, with pronounced regional variation. Improved cooperation between diverse research organisations will be needed to understand this complexity, and future ecosystem-based management of marine bioresources will need to take the results of such research into account. KEY WORDS: Ecosystem function · Herring · Marine food webs · Resource management · Sandeel · Trophic structure Full text in pdf format PreviousNextExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 337. Online publication date: May 14, 2007 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2007 Inter-Research.

Fatty acid signatures as indicators of diet in great skuas Stercorarius skua, Shetland

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 319:297-310 (2006) - doi:10.3354/meps319297 Fatty acid signatures as indicators of diet in great skuas Stercorarius skua, Shetland Anne Käkelä1, Jonathan Crane2, Stephen C. Votier2, Robert W. Furness2, Reijo Käkelä1,* 1Department of Biology, University of Joensuu, PO Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland 2Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK *Corresponding author. Email: reijo.kakela@joensuu.fi ABSTRACT: Fatty acid signatures (FAS) were determined in plasma and adipose tissue of great skuas Stercorarius skua from Shetland in order to test the applicability of this biomarker in estimating diets of wild scavenging seabirds. The plasma FAS were compared with those of captive herring gulls Larus argentatus, which were fed typical Northeast Atlantic demersal and pelagic fish. The individual fatty acids that showed the largest proportional changes in FAS due to changes of dietary fish in herring gulls also varied the most in wild great skuas, suggesting a dietary origin of these changes in FAS. Thus, great skuas that had recently been feeding largely on a demersal or terrestrial diet were distinguished from individuals feeding mainly on a pelagic diet. Pronounced variation in the plasma FAS of great skuas suggests either very flexible feeding behaviour or individual dietary specialisation, which concurs with previous studies based on pellets. Individuals that regurgitated pellets consisting only of demersal fish, bird or rabbit showed larger values of a specific polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio (20:4n-6/18:3n-3+18:4n-3+20:5n-3) than birds whose pellets also contained remains of pelagic fish. Although pellet data showed a clear dominance of demersal fish in the summer diet of the great skua, the large proportions of long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids (e.g. 20:1n-9 and 22:1n-11) in adipose tissue of the great skua suggest that a considerable part of fat accumulated outside the breeding season comes from fatty pelagic fish. KEY WORDS: Adipose tissue · Fatty acid signatures · Fishery discards · Foraging ecology · Great skua · Plasma · Seabirds · Shetland Full text in pdf format PreviousExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 319. Online publication date: August 18, 2006 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2006 Inter-Research.

MPhil in medical law

Further information Professor Sheila McLean, Institute of Law and Ethics in Medicine, The School of Law, 5-8 The Square, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ; 0141 330 3528. Anyone interested in medical law, including doctors, nurses, and lawyers. The tutors try to keep the intake varied to promote discussion. I did it between 2001 and 2004. I started it as a final year specialist registrar and completed it as a consultant. Other than a first degree there are no fixed prerequisites, and people on my course varied between those who were very junior …

Peppers and poisons: the evolutionary ecology of bad taste

Taste rejection of potential food items is commonly observed in the natural world: the consumer will sample a prey item orally before rejecting it. It is generally assumed that such prey are chemically defended with toxins, and that these toxins are signalled to potential consumers by an aversive taste (e.g. Bowers 1980; Jarvi, Sillen-Tullberg & Wiklund 1981; Wiklund & Jarvi 1982; Sillen-Tullberg 1985). This linkage between defence and a chemical advertisement is considered advantageous to both parties. The prey benefits from advertising its toxicity because the consumer is warned early in the predation sequence before it has irretrievably injured the prey. The predator benefits if the aversive taste reliably informs it of the danger of ingesting something dangerous and/or costly. But, how reliable is aversive taste as a signal that a potential meal is truly toxic? Evolutionary ecologists often implicitly believe in this reliability, and 'bitter' or 'aversive' are often taken as synonyms for 'toxically defended' (e.g. Fisher 1930; Cott 1940; Edmunds 1974; Alatalo & Mappes 1996; Tullberg & Hunter 1996; Tulberg, Leimar & Gamberale-Stille 2000; Ruxton, Speed & Sherratt 2004). However, there is no strong evidence in support of this belief, and we argue that distasteful nontoxic prey items may be widespread, and that further consideration and experimental testing of the link between toxic defence and aversive taste is required. Some compounds would be dangerous if consumed. One of the functions of an animal's taste sensory system is to detect such compounds. However, as there are very many potentially toxic compounds, it is not practical for an animal to have dedicated taste receptors specific to each potential threat. Such a system would be physically impossible to accommodate and would be unfeasibly expensive to maintain. Hence, some degree of compromise is required; this compromise may be open to exploitation by prey. If some toxic compounds are highly unlikely to be encountered, then there is no need to carry the ability to detect such compounds. Further, as developing and maintaining taste receptors, and the means to process information from them, are likely to incur some costs, we would expect redundant receptors to be selected out. However, this solution would leave the consumer vulnerable to the emergence of a novel toxin in their prey, with this toxin being consumed without warning, until such times as an appropriate receptor or behavioural avoidance evolves. Another solution for consumers is to have receptors that are not specific to a single chemical compound but rather are triggered by a range of compounds. This solution requires a trade-off between specificity and generality. Generality is made more attractive by the fact that the consumer generally does not gain a fitness benefit from identifying a specific toxic compound, it may be sufficient merely to identify potential prey as dangerous to eat or not. If a particular receptor is too general in the compounds that trigger it, then it will be triggered by nontoxins as well as toxins and the consumer will mistakenly taste-reject benign and nutritious meals. However, if the receptors are too specific then either an unfeasible number of different receptors would be required, or the consumer would have to run the risk of being unable to detect some toxins. For a specific consumer, we would expect the number and specificity of taste receptors to be shaped by evolution to trade-off the risk of failing to taste-detect toxins, and the risk of mistakenly rejecting undefended food items. The best solutions to this trade-off will differ between species, but the trade-off will always exist, and so no perfect cheat-proof taste detection of toxins will have evolved. The potential is there for consumers to be fooled into finding harmless compounds aversive. Do we expect selection pressure on potential prey to adopt unpalatable but otherwise benign compounds instead of truly toxic ones? Toxins are generally expensive either to synthesize or sequester (see review in chapter 5 in Ruxton et al. 2004), but the same could be true of aversive nontoxins. Further, it is not clear that one category of chemicals would be more or less expensive to manufacture or collect than the other. However, toxins are expensive in another way: the physiology of the bearer of the toxins has to be modified so as to avoid the animal itself being poisoned by the toxins. These modifications will likely have fitness costs (see Tollrian & Harvell 1999). These costs could be saved by instead storing a nontoxic compound that is aversive. There is evidence that compounds that fool taste receptors exist. Some fruiting plants produce hypersweet peptides that are cheaper to produce than the Correspondence: Graeme D. Ruxton, Division of Environmental & Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biomedical & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK. E-mail: G.Ruxtongbio.gla.ac.uk ? 2006 The Authors. Journal compilation ? 2006 British Ecological Society

Variation of Mercury Contamination in Chicks of Little Tern Sterna albifrons in Southwest Europe: Brood, Age, and Colony Related Effects

Sterna albifrons in Southwest Europe: Brood, Age, and Colony Related Effects P. C. Tavares,* L. R. Monteiro,** R. J. Lopes, M. E. Pereira, A. C. Duarte, R. W. Furness 1 IMAR, DOP, University of Azores, Cais Sta Cruz, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal 2 IMAR, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal 3 Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal 4 Ornithology Group, Institute of Biomedical and Life Science, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom