Giurgiu County Research Articles

Q-Fever Antibodies in Romanian Small Ruminants

Small ruminants serum samples from Romanian Counties were investigated by iELISA Q-fever Coxiella burnetii Antibody test kit (IDEXX Laboratories, Liebefeld-Bern, Switzerland), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. In Giurgiu County 10/15 goats serum samples were positive and all sheep samples (6/6) were negative. In Sibiu County 5/75 sheep samples were positive. In Constanta County all goat samples (10/10) were negative. In Braila County all goat samples (95/95) were negative and 10/55 sheep samples were positive. Prevalence of sero-positive results and their distribution does not provide enough data to design a surveillance program, but support the hypothesis of the presence of the pathogen in Braila, Giurgiu and Sibiu Counties. Further studies must be carry on statistically relevant sampling system.

Molecular detection of “stolbur” phytoplasma in celery plants in Romania

In September 2014, several plants of celery showing symptoms of reddish and yellowish leaves were found in a house garden located in Southern Romania (Giurgiu County). After sampling and molecular analyses carried out by nested PCR assays on phytoplasma ribosomal gene, amplicons were obtained from all symptomatic plants, but not from those that were asymptomatic. The restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, with RsaI and Tru1I restriction enzymes, was carried out on the phytoplasma DNAs amplified in nested PCR with the primer pair R16F2n/R2. The phytoplasmas from all symptomatic celery plants showed identical RFLP profiles, which corresponded to the one of the “stolbur” phytoplasma, that belongs to 16SrXII-A subgroup (‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’). This represents the first report on molecular detection of a phytoplasma infecting celery plants in Romania.

Medical and Surgical Management of Otitis in Sheep-case Report

Abstract Bacterial otitis is more common in livestock in a feedlot environment. Otitis externais an inflammation of the external auditory meatus and pinna that is similar to epithelium and soft tissue infection. Acute localized disease in sheep occurs in the form of pustules, furuncles or crusts in wooled areas and typically result from Staphylococcus aureus. In Romania, there are little studies on the otitis in sheep; therefore the purpose of this study was to manage clinical and chirurgical the case, to determine the bacterial agents from that area and its sensitivity to antibiotic. A three years old female crossbred sheep, pregnant in the 4 th month, from Giurgiu county was examined, this thing revealed display unilateral head tilt (toward the left side of the lesion), left ear ptosis. Ultrasonographic and radio graphical images describe the inflammation of peripheral ear conduct tissue but no bulla damage. The diameter of the ear canal had 0,35 cm. The bacterial species isolated were Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus spp., and were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and Amoxicillin. Seven days after the surgery the head and left ear were drooped (sequelae of the cranial nerve VII and cranial nerve VIII) but no inflammation or pain were seen. The conclusion is that the lateral left ear canal resection may be a reliable surgical method for the sheep otitis if it is made rapidly after the otitis diagnosis.

Research on Quantitative Skills in Meat Production Direction at Youth Goats from Carpathian Breed in Relation with the Rearing System

This paper aims to quantify the quantitative performances to the production of meat at Carpathian youth breed in relation to the rearing technology. To assess the development of kids body during birth - 6 months kids were weighing at birth, at 28 days, at weaning (60 days) and 6 months, registering total weight gain and average daily gain achieved by them in stages and throughout the period monitored. The research took into account two farms of goats from Carpathian breed differentiated by technology of rearing and exploitation practiced which were situated inSouth Muntenia Region (Giurgiu and Prahova counties). The farm from Prahova County exploits animals belonging to Carpathian breed and practicing an extensive operating system or pastoral and the farm from Giurgiu County exploits the same breed using semi-intensive operating system. The best result in terms of quantitative parameters of meat production (average daily gain, average total gain) were achieved by animals which practicing semi-intensive operating system.

A hoard of astragals discovered in the Copper Age settlement at Iepureşti, Giurgiu County, Romania

This article presents the discovery of 25 abraded and perforated ovicaprid astragals in a burned house at the Gumelnita Copper Age settlement at Iepuresti in Southern Romania. They were analysed in terms of their processing, of the taphonomic processes that affected them (burning), and of their spatial distribution. These astragals were also analysed in the wider context of more or less similar discoveries made mainly south and east of the Carpathian Mountains, in Romania, but also south of the Danube, in Bulgaria.

THE COMMUNITIES STRUCTURE OF INVERTEBRATE FAUNA FROM RAPE AND ALFALFA CROPS (SINGURENI, GIURGIU COUNTY, ROMANIA) / Structura comunităţilor faunei de nevertebrate din culturile de rapiţă şi lucernă (Singureni, judeţul Giurgiu).

ABSTRACT The present study has been conducted under a bilateral project between Romania and Republic of Moldova, focusing on knowledge of the invertebrates from rape (Brassica napus L.) and alfalfa crops (Medicago sativa L.) from Singureni (Giurgiu County, Southern Romania). The communities structure of invertebrates fauna in term of species composition and numerical abundance were analyzed. In total, 15 species of Collembola from seven families and 38 species of Coleoptera from 17 families were identified. Entomobrya handschini, Lepidocyrtus paradoxus, Isotoma anglicana were abundant in the alfalfa crop and Hemisotoma thermophyla, Protaphorura sakatoi, Orchesella flavescens (Collembola) were abundant in the rape culture. From Coleoptera Order, Dermestes murinus, Brachinus crepitans and Epicometis hirta were dominant in the rape crop. Coccinella septempunctata and Gonioctena fornicata were dominant in the alfalfa. Also, another 385 specimens from different taxonomic groups (Heteroptera, Homoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Thysanoptera, Orthoptera and Araneae) were collected using sweep nets. Some crop pests invertebrates were indicated and the beneficial predators were also revealed.

The Analysis of Prevalence and Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus in Romania

AbstractBackground and Aims Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a worldwide health problem and a major epidemic during the past decades. The exact number of people with diabetes in Romania is unknown. The aim of this paper was to determine the number of subjects registered with diabetes in Romania. Material and Method: The Romanian Society of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases (RSDNMD) asked the representatives in charge with DM in each county about the total number of subjects registered with DM, the number of subjects with newly diagnosed DM in 2011 and their treatment (insulin or oral drugs). Results: There are 803,489 persons registered with DM, with a national prevalence of 4.21%. The lowest prevalence was observed in Ilfov (0.9%) and the highest prevalence (7.83%) in Bucharest. A total of 125,574 diabetics (15.62%) are treated only with insulin while 81,910 (10.19%) with combined insulin and oral medication. In 2011 have been registered 68.294 new cases of diabetes, with an incidence of 358.63/100,000 persons. The lowest incidence was 91.15 in Giurgiu county and the highest incidence was 718.94 in Arad county. Conclusions: There are large and unexplained differences between counties for both diabetes prevalence and incidence. Consequently, RSDNMD decided to start a national epidemiological study (PREDATORR) that will be carried out in 2013.

Zu einem Metallgegenstand der frühbronzezeitlichen Glina-Kultur. Die Meißel von Mironeşti

The chisel from Mironeşti. The investigations carried out in the site of the Glina culture, Early Bronze Age, from Mironeşti-Conacul Mironescu, Giurgiu County, have resulted in the recovery, among others, of a chisel made of copper. This find allowed us to make a larger discussion about this tool type – places of discovery, distribution, functionality, conception mode.

STUDIES REGARDING THE CULTIVATION OF SAFFLOWER IN SOUTHERN ROMANIA

The aim of the present study was reintroducing the cultivation of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L, fam. Compasitae), studying the adaptability of this species to the climatic conditions in the southern Romania (Giurgiu County) and providing raw material for obtaining biofuel. The culture was established on agricultural land belonging to the village of Roata de Jos, Giurgiu County, located in Gavanu–Burdea plain, part of the Romanian Plain, Dambovnicului Plain subdivision. Sowing was realised in October 2011, respecting the planting scheme: 50 cm between rows, 18 cm between plant on a row, using 21 kgs seeds/ ha, purity = 98% and germination = 80%, to ensure an appropriate density at harvest of 200,000 plants/ ha. Average values obtained on quantitative characters of safflower showed that average plant height is 72.3 cm, the degree of branching = 12.2 (with ramifications of I and II degree), the average calathid number per plant 11.2, average number of achenes per calathid 21, average number of achenes per plant 230.

Ixodes ricinus ticks (Acari: Ixodidae): vectors for Lyme disease spirochetes in Romania

In this study 1,868 questing Ixodes ricinus ticks (nymphs and adults), collected in six sites from three counties--Giurgiu, Sibiu, and Tulcea--in Romania, were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by reverse line blot (RLB) for detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato presence. The bacteria were found in 18% of the investigated ticks. The prevalence of infection did not differ significantly between nymphs (19.1%) and adults (15.4%). Three B. burgdorferi s.l. genospecies were detected: B. afzelii (61.1%), B. garinii (31.2%), and B. valaisiana (7.7%). No mixed infections were detected. The highest infection prevalence in nymphs was detected at Cristian (Sibiu County)--22.0%, whereas in adults it was at Comana (Giurgiu County)--19.8%. This preliminary study provides evidence that Lyme disease spirochetes are present in various regions of Romania, and at a relatively high prevalence in their vectors, thus posing a risk of infection to human subjects in the areas infested by ticks.

Gedanken zu einigen bronzezeitlichen Tei-Metallobjekte aus dem Bezirk Giurgiu, Rumänien

The archaeological investigations undertaken in two settlements of the Tei Culture in the Giurgiu County had resulted in the discovery of some copper, bronze and silver items. Some of them had been found in complexes, others in the cultural layer. The specific analyses had shown that the used copper was one originating south of the Danube, in Bulgaria and Serbia.

New Results Regarding Maize Crops Cultivated in the Conventional and No-Tillage Systems at the “Agrichim” Agricultural Company from Ialomita County, on Irrigated Plots

SUMMARY In Romania, maize is the main cultivated plant and maize crops are extremely important from an economical point of view. Research with the no-tillage system applied to maize crops were made in the Romanian Plain, �arpe (1968, 1987, 2000, 2008, 2009), in Banat, Mo ţiu (2004) and in the flood plain of the Danube Rive r, �arpe (2004, 2005, 2007, 2008). The results obtained in Romania confirm the results of the research made in other countries: Philips et al . (1973), Koller (1999), Derpsch (2001) “Ramira” is the first agricultural company from Giu rgiu County which in 2009 cultivated maize in the no-tillage system on a 200 hectares area of land, the results obtained being quite remarkable. In the conventional system, under the weather cond itions of the year 2009, the grain yield recorded from the maize crops amounted to 7,2 00 kg/ha, while in the no-tillage system a grain yield of 7,500 kg/ha were recorded - so the y ields obtained in the technological systems were practically equal. However, there were small d ifferences in terms of fuel consumption. For example, in the no-tillage system, a 78 litres/ha fuel consumption was recorded, while in the no-tillage system this amounted to only 25 litres/ha . Big differences were also recorded as regards the expenses in the conventional and no-til lage systems. In the conventional system, the expenses made for all the mechanical works perf ormed from the sowing stage to the harvesting stage, these expenses amounted to RON 2,350.00 per hectare, while in the notillage system; they amounted to only RON 610.00 per hectare. The maize yields recorded in the conventional and n o-tillage systems were practically equal: 10,918 respectively 11,200 kg/ha.

COMBINED INCIDENCE OF MYCOTOXINS IN THE FEEDS GIVEN TO DAIRY COWS

The investigation examined mycological the feeds given to dairy cows in family farms, with the view to determine the level of contamination with some mycotoxins and the incidence of combinations of mycotoxins in the analysed feeds. A total of 21 feed samples were collected and analysed: 6 samples of a mixture of concentrated feeds and 15 samples of fibrous feeds, from an association of family dairy farms in Giurgiu County. The mycotoxicological analysis was done with the immunoenzymatic test ELISA to determine: AF, OTA, DON, ZEA and T-2. By category of feeds, in decreasing order, the mycotoxins determined in the fibrous feed were: OTA in a proportion of 66.6%, ZEA, DON and T-2 in a proportion of 33.3% and AF in a proportion of 0%; in the concentrated feed: OTA in a proportion of 66.6%, AF in a proportion of 60.0%, ZEA and DON in a proportion of 46.6% each and-2 in a proportion of 40%. Data analysis shows an increased incidence (in excess of 9.52%) of ochratoxin, of the combinations of 2 mycotoxins, OTA+DON and OTA+AF and of the combination of 3 mycotoxins, AF+OTA+DON. The analytical evidence showed that no sample exceeded the allowed limits for aflatoxin, ochratoxin A and DON, while some of the samples exceeded the allowed levels for zearalenone and T-2. Of the 21 analysed samples, 42.85% displayed combinations of 2 mycotoxins, 23.80% had a single mycotoxin or combinations of 3 mycotoxins, while 4.76% had combinations of 4 and 5 mycotoxins

On Astragalus Dice and Culture Contact: Reply to Eisenberg

Previous articleNext article No AccessDiscussion and CriticismOn Astragalus Dice and Culture Contact: Reply to EisenbergR. Barry LewisR. Barry Lewis Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Current Anthropology Volume 31, Number 4Aug. - Oct., 1990 Sponsored by the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/203862 Views: 9Total views on this site Citations: 5Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1990 The Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological ResearchPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Elizabeth J. Reitz, Mark Williams, Katie B. Dalton Rare animals at a Mississippian chiefly compound: the Irene Mound site (9CH1), Georgia, USA, Southeastern Archaeology 39, no.22 (Jan 2020): 89–108.https://doi.org/10.1080/0734578X.2019.1702489Monica Mărgărit Spatulas and abraded astragalus: Two types of tools used to process ceramics? Examples from the Romanian prehistory, Quaternary International 438 (May 2017): 201–211.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.07.057Raluca Kogălniceanu, Ana Ile, Monica Mărgărit, Angela Simalcsik, Valentin Dumitraşcu A hoard of astragals discovered in the Copper Age settlement at Iepureşti, Giurgiu County, Romania, Documenta Praehistorica 41, no.00 (Dec 2014): 283.https://doi.org/10.4312/dp.41.14Melinda A. Zeder, Susan R. Arter Meat Consumption and Bone Use in a Mississippian Village, (Jan 2008): 337–355.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71303-8_17Kit W. Wesler Ceramics, Chronology, and Horizon Markers at Wickliffe Mounds, American Antiquity 56, no.22 (Jan 2017): 278–290.https://doi.org/10.2307/281419