Grade Girls Research Articles

The Effectiveness of Web-Based E-WoHealth on Compliance with Consumption of Iron Tablets in Young Women

Utilization of technological media in the field of education and health can increase public knowledge in efforts to prevent anemia, especially in young women. One of the efforts to prevent anemia and increase adherence to taking iron tablets is by using Web-based educational media (E-WoHealth) about iron tablets supplemented with a tablet supplement consumption control card. This research aims to develop Web-based E-WoHealth media and its effect on the level of adherence to the consumption of blood supplement tablets. This study used the Research and development (R&D) method with the Borg & Gall development model and the Pre-experimental Design quantitative method using the One Group Pretest-Postest approach. The sample in this study was 80 girls in grades VII and VIII of SMP Negeri 11 Gorontalo City, determined by purposive sampling technique. Statistical tests used the McNemar test and the Chi-Square test. The results of the McNemar test showed differences in the measurement results before and after being given the Web-based E-WoHealth media with a p-value of 0.000 <0.05 meaning that the Web-based E-WoHealth media was effective in increasing adherence to consumption of iron supplement tablets (TTD) in class VII and class VIII girls and the results of the Chi-Square P-Value test were 0.822 > 0.05 meaning that there was no difference in adherence between class VII and VII girls. This study recommends the application of WEB-based E-WoHealth media equipped with an iron supplement control card to increase adherence and monitor iron supplement consumption.

Relations between Prosociality and Psychological Maladjustment in Chinese Elementary and Secondary School Students: Mediating Roles of Peer Preference and Self-Perceived Social Competence.

Despite empirical findings that prosociality can prevent elementary and secondary school students from developing psychological maladjustment, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. The goal of the present study was to examine the mediating effects of peer preference and self-perceived social competence on the associations between prosociality and psychological maladjustment (i.e., depressive symptoms and loneliness). Participants were 951 students (Mage = 11 years, 442 girls) in Grades 3~7 from Shanghai, China. They completed peer nominations of prosociality and peer preference and self-report measures of self-perceived social competence, depressive symptoms, and loneliness. Multiple mediation analyses revealed that: (a) both peer preference and self-perceived social competence mediated the relations between prosociality and psychological maladjustment, and (b) a serial indirect pathway (i.e., prosociality → peer preference → self-perceived social competence → psychological maladjustment) emerged when controlling for age group and gender. These findings point to potential targets in the prevention and intervention of Chinese students' internalization of problems.

Pemantauan Status Gizi dan Deteksi Dini Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK) serta Pemberian Edukasi Kesehatan secara Holistik dalam Upaya Peningkatan Kesehatan Reproduksi pada Remaja Putri di SMP YPI Ciparay Kabupaten Bandung

From 10–19, adolescence is a transition from childhood to adulthood. There will be changes in the shape and function of the body in a reasonably short time. Sufficient and adequate nutrition for adolescents is one factor affecting their reproductive health. This community service aimed to monitor nutritional status and detect early signs of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED). Monitoring of nutritional status is carried out for adolescents, especially young women. Physical health and healthy reproductive organs are essential in preparation for becoming healthy expectant mothers who can later give birth to a healthy generation. Holistic health education was needed in adolescents' growth to become better human beings in terms of their health. This activity was carried out in May 2023 at Junior High School, YPI Ciparay, and Bandung Regency. The target audience was young girls in 7th grade; there were 82 people. At the time, the students filled out questionnaires about their characteristics. Then the team measured the anthropometrics to determine the nutritional status and the incidence of CED by weighing, measuring height, and measuring upper arm circumference. The measurements showed that the nutritional status based on body mass index for most female students was standard, about 60.97%, and 41.46% of female students were CED. Counselling and health information were also provided holistically to increase the girls' understanding of their health status.

The Roles of Perceived Physical Education Competence, Enjoyment, and Persistence on Middle School Students' Physical Activity Engagement.

We examined gender and grade differences in the relationship between students' perceived competence, their enjoyment of physical education (PE), and their PA persistence on the frequency of their physical activity (PA). We also used structural equation modeling to assess the direct, indirect, and total effects of perceived competence and PE enjoyment on PA frequency through the mediator of PA persistence. Participants were 223 middle school students (115 boys, 108 girls) in grades 7 and 8. We found that, regardless of grade level, girls had lower perceived competence and PE enjoyment than boys. Both perceived competence and PE enjoyment had significant direct and positive connections to persistence, but they had no significant indirect effects on PA frequency through the mediator of persistence. These findings highlight the need for physical educators to be aware of gender differences in perceived competence and PE enjoyment, and the important roles these factors have in enhancing students' PA participation.

Innovation Nation: Teaching middle school students to be design thinkers

Our purpose was to provide a model for a middle school design thinking program supported by a university-school partnership and to investigate potential benefits of teaching middle school students to be design thinkers. Sixth, seventh, and eighth grade girls (N = 80) participated in the Innovation Nation program. Over three days, students engaged in workshops and collaborated in teams to learn the five phases of design thinking (empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test) and applied the methodology to an authentic human-centered innovation challenge. Student teams showcased prototypes of their solutions at a final exhibition attended by parents and the school community. Results showed that participants dramatically increased their understanding of design thinking and its steps as a result of the Innovation Nation experience. Notably, there were also important gains beyond design thinking knowledge, including increases in self-efficacy for creativity, design, and problem-solving, and better attitudes about group work. There was also evidence that skills learned in Innovation Nation transferred, as students showed an increased tendency to seek critical feedback and revise work based on feedback in a novel design task following the program. We hope to encourage middle school educators to bring design thinking into the curriculum, as students who learn design thinking also develop important habits of mind and 21st century skills.

Changes in affect: patterns in Grade 4 and Grade 8 students’ expressed emotional directions

This paper targets patterns of expressed emotional directions towards mathematics. By using TIMSS data and recoding two of the instruments, we compared responses from the same student cohort in Grade 4 (11 years old) and Grade 8 (15 years old) in Sweden. Two hypotheses were tested: negative emotions including negative motivations increase with age, and there will be gender differences. By using statistical analyses, including Cramer’s V, the two hypotheses were confirmed. The results also illuminated patterns within the responses, such that boys and girls in Grade 4 differ in expressed intrinsic motivation but not extrinsic motivation. There are also indications that girls might be more likely to form negative emotional directions between grades 4 and 8 than boys, and some implications of this is discussed.

How Effective are Female Role Models in Steering Girls Towards STEM? Evidence from French High Schools

Abstract We show in a large-scale field experiment that a brief exposure to female role models working in scientific fields affects high school students’ perceptions and choices of undergraduate major. The classroom interventions reduced the prevalence of stereotypical views on jobs in science and gender differences in abilities. They also made high-achieving girls in grade 12 more likely to enrol in selective and male-dominated science, technology, engineering and mathematics programs in college. Comparing treatment effects across the 56 role model participants, we find that the most effective interventions are those that improved students’ perceptions of science, technology, engineering and mathematics careers without overemphasising women’s under-representation in science.

Association between early-life factors and pubertal timing in girls

To study the association between early-life factors (including birth weight, method of birth, gestational age, and history of gestational metabolic disorders) and pubertal timing in girls. The stratified cluster sampling method was used to select the girls in grades 2-3 and 7-8 from three primary schools and three middle schools in Guangzhou, China from March to December, 2019, and breast development was examined for all girls. A questionnaire survey was performed to collect the information on early-life factors. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association of gestational metabolic disorders, birth weight, method of birth, and gestational age with pubertal timing in girls. The Bootstrap method was used to assess the mediation effect of body mass index (BMI) (Z score) between high birth weight (≥4 000 g) and pubertal timing. A total of 1 665 girls were enrolled, among whom 280 (16.82%) were judged to have early pubertal timing. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high birth weight was associated with the increased risk of early pubertal timing (OR=2.12, 95%CI: 1.19-3.66, P=0.008). Nevertheless, no significant association was observed between other early-life factors and pubertal timing (P>0.05). The OR for the mediation effect of BMI (Z score) between high birth weight and early pubertal timing was 1.25 (95%CI: 1.09-1.47), accounting for 29.33% of the total effect of high birth weight on early pubertal timing. High birth weight is associated with the increased risk of early pubertal timing in girls, and overweight/obesity may play a partial mediating role in the association between high birth weight and early pubertal timing in girls.

Aggression in School Students: An Intervention Focused Approach

Introduction: The present research was conducted as a part of a series of multicentric youth studies to study aggression in school children followed by intervention programs for the school to prevent violence. Aggression in young children is an important precursor to how they perceive and process a variety of experiences through the course of their lives. It influences and underlines their emotional, behavioral, social, and psychological wellbeing. Identifying the prevalence and strength of beliefs and attitudes towards aggression among young, school-going students’ is thus fundamental, and would help in designing targeted interventions for those at-risk. Sample: In the present cross-sectional study of 988 students, a total of 602 boys and 386 girls of grades 5 th to 12 th in a private, co-ed, English medium school in Delhi were administered a self-rated questionnaire adapted from CDC Compendium of tools measuring aggression. Results: Greater rates of aggressive beliefs (p=0.018) and violent attitudes (p ≤ 0.001) are seen in higher grades (VIII-X std. students) as compared to younger batches of V and VI graders, who show higher rates of aggressive behaviors comparatively (p ≤ 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in girls and boys, where boys in younger grades (V-VI std.) show more aggressive behaviors, whereas girls show increased aggressive behaviors by the IX std. (p ≤ 0.001). Regression analysis showed that aggressive beliefs are a strong predictor of aggressive behavior. Correlation with age showed the prevention should begin at V Std. Conclusions: The roots of aggressiveness are present early in school years, and strengthen as students’ progress through secondary grades. Early, targeted interventions are thus essential in helping children and adolescents attenuate and channelize their impulses in a healthier mode of expression.

ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ КАЧЕСТВА ЖИЗНИ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ СТАРШИХ КЛАССОВ ОБЩЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ШКОЛЫ Г. БАРНАУЛА. МЕДИЦИНСКИЙ АСПЕКТ

Background. The clinical quantitative approach in early (prenosological) diagnostics and correction of nonpsychotic disorders due to influence of environmental factors has been validated by the international community (ICF-DH, ICD-11), and it is available in the form of nominal and ordinal rating scales of nonparametric statistics requiring validation in terms of national scientific-practical medicine. Objective. In this pilot study, we used the SF-36 questionnaire ‘Quality of Life Assessment’ reflecting the influence of environmental factors on the components of physical and mental health to make organizational and substantive validation. Materials and methods. 56 students of 9-11 grades at the Barnaul public school were examined using the SF-36 questionnaire ‘Quality of Life Assessment’. Results. It was found that grade 9 girls (with median score 67 points) and grade 10 boys (65 points) required attention according to the indicator of physical activity. According to the median mental health indicator, a low indicator was observed in 9 grade girls (61 points) and 11 grade girls (63 points). Conclusion. The analysis of variation series makes it possible to determine individual indicators that require personal interviewing and identification of the causes of low quality of life.

Association between weight status and motor competence in schoolchildren from Chilean Patagonia

Background: the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the child population is a global public health problem, with measures such as the promotion of physical activity being necessary. One of the recognized factors for this is the development of motor competence, due to its dynamic interaction with physical activity, so it is necessary to understand its relationship with weight status. Objective: the aims of this study are to determine whether there are differences in the levels of motor competence of schoolchildren in Chilean Patagonia according to their nutritional status, as well as to determine the association between body mass index (BMI) and the levels of motor competence in these schoolchildren. Material and methods: we evaluated 295 boys and girls in 5th and 6th grade of primary school, from educational centres in Coyhaique and Punta Arenas. We used the MOBAK 5-6 test to assess their motor competence. Results: schoolchildren with normal weight status presented higher values of motor competence in self-movement (M = 3.1; SD = 1.84) compared to overweight (M = 2.7; SD = 1.68) and obese schoolchildren (M = 1.7; SD = 1.57), presenting significant differences between all groups (p < 0.001). In object control, no differences were found between the groups. In addition, there was an inverse association of object control with gender (β: 1.49; p < 0.001) and BMI (β: -0.05; p = 0.026), while self-movement had an inverse association with BMI (β: -0.11; 95 % CI: -0.15 -0.07; p < 0.001). Conclusion: weight status and motor competence are associated. Schoolchildren with higher BMI values tend to perform lower in self-movement. These results underline the importance of addressing motor competence in efforts to combat overweight and obesity in children.

Linkages Between Parenting Practices and Adolescents' Life Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Resilience.

Life satisfaction is a critical antecedent of adolescents' positive development in many domains. To promote adolescents to feel more satisfied with their lives, it is important to identify the factors influencing life satisfaction and to further investigate the inner mechanisms. The purpose of this research was to examine whether parenting practices were closely associated with life satisfaction among Chinese adolescents and whether these associations were mediated by adolescents' resilience. In this one-year interval longitudinal study, 353 students (50.7% girls) in Grade 7 and Grade 10 were recruited as participants. At the first wave of assessment, they reported parenting practices and resilience; at the second wave of assessment, they rated the level of life satisfaction. The results of this study revealed that parental responsiveness, demandingness, and autonomy granting promoted adolescents' life satisfaction. Additionally, parental responsiveness and demandingness positively predicted adolescents' life satisfaction through the mediating effect of adolescents' resilience; however, resilience did not significantly mediate the relation between autonomy granting and adolescents' life satisfaction. Adolescents' resilience plays a mediating role in the relations between parental responsiveness and demandingness and adolescents' life satisfaction. The present study highlights the significance of providing adolescents with positive parenting practices and promoting adolescents' development of resilience to elevate their life satisfaction.

Assessing the effectiveness of a menstrual hygiene management and sexual and reproductive health education program in post-earthquake Nepal

This study assesses the effectiveness of a menstrual hygiene management (MHM) and sexual and reproductive health (SRH), school-based education program conducted in Dhading, Nepal after the 2015 mega-earthquake. The intervention aimed to improve MHM/SRH knowledge among adolescent girls on a range of topics including adolescence, female anatomy, menstruation, and more. Quantitative data were collected via cross-sectional, self-administered, community-based surveys after the 2015 earthquake with 3,319 adolescent girls in grades 7-9 in Dhading district. Data were collected using the same survey tool before and after the intervention and responses were compared using SAS 9.4. Before the intervention, the median MHM/SRH knowledge score was 50% of the pre-test questions answered correctly. After the intervention, the median MHM/SRH knowledge score improved to 73% of the post-test questions answered correctly. Topics with the greatest percentage improvements between pre- and post-tests included age of menarche (from 20.5% to 60.0%), timing of taking emergency contraceptive pills after unsafe sexual contact (from 14.8% to 54.1%), and approaches for managing menstrual pain (from 42.2% to 77.1%). The school-based MHM/SRH educational intervention led to significant improvements in participant MHM/SRH knowledge. Equipping girls with accurate information about MHM/SRH long before a disaster occurs by embedding the information into the national school curriculum is one way to ensure they are prepared with key information required to manage MHM/SRH needs if another disaster occurs.

Relating transcription, executive functions and text quality in Grades 2-3: A cross-lagged panel analysis.

It has been suggested that children's writing is dependent on transcription and executive functions. However, there is a need for more research examining the relationships among those variables in primary school children, given that most existing studies are cross-sectional and assess transcription and executive functions separately, and there are scarce and mixed longitudinal findings. This study used a cross-lagged panel model to explore the relationships among transcription skills, executive functions and text quality from Grade 2 to Grade 3. The sample included 353 Portuguese children (195 boys, 155 girls) in Grade 2, who were reassessed in Grade 3. Children were assessed on transcription, executive functions and writing tasks at two time points. Transcription skills and executive functions in Grade 2 positively predicted the same variables in Grade 3. At Grade 2, transcription skills were associated with executive functions and text quality. At Grade 3, we only found an association between executive functions and text quality. Finally, text quality in Grade 2 predicted transcription skills in Grade 3, but both transcription and executive functions in Grade 2 did not predict text quality in Grade 3. Transcription skills and executive functions seem to be stable over time, but previous performance on these skills does not seem to predict later text quality. Overall, these findings do put into question the direction of the typically assumed relationships, especially between transcription and text quality. Findings also provide information that can guide the development of instructional programmes in primary school.

Age dynamics of development of coordination abilities of primary school students

The article analyzes the indicators of the development of coordination abilities of pupils in grades 2-3, which, on average, correspond to the "average" level. The comparison of data in the age and gender aspect shows, mainly, a significant increase in indicators with age and the dominance of boys' results over girls' data. The analysis of secondary indicators indicates a significant increase in the results at the end of the year, which resulted in the overall level of development of coordination abilities increased to "below average".&#x0D; Most of the data obtained during the experiment show a significant increase in the level of coordination abilities (P&lt;0.05) in boys and girls of 2nd and 3rd grades. But we see that in some coordination exercises indicators are lower than average level of norms, so we can conclude that little attention is paid to development of these qualities. This suggests that in the process of education little attention is paid to the development of these qualities.&#x0D; It is necessary to develop more differentiated methods of physical education of primary school children to improve some of the results of tests of coordination abilities. Children with low scores should be offered to attend some sections with a physical inclination and be guided to improve their personal performance.

Parental occupation and students’ STEM achievements by gender and ethnic origin: Evidence from Germany

Research has documented a positive association between parents’ background in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) and children’s achievement and participation in STEM. Yet it is unclear whether girls and boys with and without migration background benefit equally from having STEM-affiliated parents, and whether this relationship varies depending on the educational stage. Using nationally representative data from standardized assessment tests, we explore gender and ethnic differences in the association of parental STEM occupation and students’ achievement in STEM at two educational stages (fourth and ninth grade) in Germany. Results show that parents’ STEM occupation is associated only with girls’ math competencies in fourth grade and boys’ math and science competencies in ninth grade. After controlling for parental socio-economic status, no significant variation in this relationship can be reported by migrant generation status and ethnic origin. Eastern European students (irrespective of parents’ background) perform better in STEM fields than other immigrant groups at both educational stages. • Parental transmission of STEM achievement varies by gender and educational stage • Parental STEM occupation benefits girls in fourth grade and boys in ninth grade • No variation in the effect of parental STEM occupation by migrant generation status • Some ethnic differences among boys, but not statistically significant • Lower STEM achievement among girls and immigrants than boys and natives

PCR220 Attitude Toward HPV Vaccination Among Mothers of Boys and Girls

Vaccines have been available in Hungary since 2014, as part of cervical cancer prevention for seventh grade girl students, and as of 2020, for boys as well. Our study assessed the knowledge and attitude towards human papillomavirus (HPV) and its vaccine.

Development of an Instrument Based on Salient Behavioral Beliefs to Measure Attitude towards Physical Education

Study purpose. The study purpose was to develop an instrument to measure students’ attitude towards physical education through salient behavioral beliefs.&#x0D; Materials and methods. The participants of the study were both boys and girls of grades 7 to 10 from the state of Manipur (India) in the first, second and fourth phase. In the first phase, based on the recommendation of the theory of reasoned action and its extension, the theory of planned behavior, an elicitation study was conducted using open-ended questions, where a total of 308 student responses were collected. The student responses were used to develop items through content analysis. In the second phase, i.e. content validity study, a total of 5 experts were recruited to evaluate the developed items from the elicitation study. In the third phase i.e. pilot study, out of the total of 123 student responses, 104 student responses were found to be usable for analysis. In the fourth phase, i.e. main study, out of the total of 433 student responses, 377 student responses were found to be usable for analysis.&#x0D; Results. Due to lack of good model fit from the pilot study, a second exploratory factor analysis was conducted with the first half of the main study data which produced a three-factor model, and this model was tested with confirmatory factor analysis with the other half of the main study data. The model fit indices were found to be appropriate, and also the composite reliability and construct validity were found to be appropriate.&#x0D; Conclusions. This belief-based attitude measuring instrument was found to be valid and reliable for grades 7 to 10 in the Indian physical education context, i.e. schools which incorporate both yoga and physical education in the general physical education curriculum.

Hubungan Pengetahuan Gizi dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Status Gizi Remaja Perempuan di SMP Negeri 1 Banjarbaru

Nutritional status is a determining factor for adolescent quality because a person in adulthood is determined by nutritional status in adolescence. The process of growth and development will be perfect with optimal nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between nutritional knowledge and physical activity with the nutritional status of adolescent girls in the 8th grade of State Junior High School 1, Banjarbaru. This study used an analytical method with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study was 119 students in the 8th grade of Junior High School 1, Banjarbaru. The research instruments used were questionnaires, a stature meter, and a digital weight scale. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed that most of the respondents (77.3%) had good knowledge, 54.6% had moderate physical activity, 53.8% had good nutritional status. The statistical tests showed a significant relationship between nutritional knowledge and the nutritional status of adolescent girls in Junior High School 1, Banjarbaru (p=0.000) and physical activity had a relationship with the nutritional status of adolescent girls in Junior High School 1, Banjarbaru (p=0.000). Based on this study, it can be concluded that nutrition knowledge and physical activity are associated with the nutritional status of adolescent girls. Therefore, respondents are expected to maintain their nutritional status by regularly monitoring their weight and height.

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN HEREDITY AND MASS MEDIA EXPOSURE FACTORS ON THE EARLY MENARCHE INCIDENT ON ADOLESCENT GIRLS

Menarche is the first menstruation that occurs in young women. The normal age is 12-14 years, but now there’s a tendency to decrease to younger age. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation of heredity and mass media exposure factors with the incidence of early menarche in adolescent girls at SMPN 56 Surabaya. The study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample of this research was adolescent girls of 7th-8th grade of SMPN 56 Surabaya and mothers, taken using simple random sampling method. The instrument was a questionnaire distributed online. The research data analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results showed that 39.13% adolescent girls who experienced early menarche had mothers who had a history of early menarche. The mass media exposure with a light level was 15.21% experienced premature menarche, while 84.78% experienced early menarche. The results of the Chi-square correlation test analysis between heredity and the incidence of early menarche in young girls stated that there was no relationship between the two variables with p = 0.068. The results of Chi-square analysis between the mass media exposure factors and the incidence of early menarche in young women obtained p value = 0.030, which can be concluded that there is a relationship between the two variables. The study concluded that there is a relationship between exposure to mass media and the incidence of menarche in young women so that supervision of adolescent girls is needed in accessing information in the mass media.