Gibberellins In Immature Seeds Research Articles

Endogenous gibberellins in immature seeds of Prunus persica L.: identification of GA 118, GA 119, GA 120, GA 121, GA 122 and GA 126

The endogenous gibberellins in immature seeds of Prunus persica were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Eleven known gibberellins, GA 3, GA 9, GA 17, GA 19, GA 30, GA 44, GA 61, GA 63, GA 87, GA 95 and GA 97 were identified. Additionally, several hitherto unknown gibberellins were detected and their putative structures were verified by synthesis of the authentic gibberellins. These gibberellins were then assigned trivial numbers, e.g. 1 α-hydroxy GA 20 (GA 118), 1 α-hydroxy GA 9 (GA 119), 1,2-didehydro GA 9 (GA 120), 1,2-didehydro GA 70 (GA 121), 1,2-didehydro GA 69 (GA 122) and 1,2-didehydro GA 77 (GA 126). GA 118 and GA 119 were the first 1 α-hydroxy gibberellins identified from higher plants. The above profile of 1,2-didehydro gibberellins suggests that 1,2-dehydrogenation might occur prior to 3 β-hydroxylation in biosynthesis of GA 3, GA 30 and GA 87 in immature seeds of P. persica.

Gibberellins in Immature Seeds of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) MERR.)

Summary From immature seeds of soybean two major gibberellins have been isolated and identified by high performance liquid chromatography and bioassay to be GA 1 and GA 8 .

Gibberellins in immature seeds and dark-grown shoots of Pisum sativum

Gibberellins (GAs) A17, A19, A20, A29, A44, 2βOH-GA44 (tentative) and GA29-catabolite were identified in 21-day-old seeds of Pisum sativum cv. Alaska (tall). These GAs are qualitatively similar to those in the dwarf cultivar Progress No. 9 with the exception of GA19 which does not accumulate in Progress seeds. There was no evidence for the presence of 3-hydroxylated GAs in 21 day-old Alaska seeds. Dark-grown shoots of the cultivar Alaska contein GA1, GA8, GA20, GA29, GA8-catabolite and GA29-catabolite. Dark-grown shoots of the cultivar Progress No.9 contain GA8, GA20, GA29 and GA29-catabolite, and the presence of GA1 was strongly indicated. Quantitation using GAs labelled with stable isotope showed the level of GA1 in dark-grown shoots of the two cultivars to be almost identical, whilst the levels of GA20, GA29 and GA29-catabolite were significantly lower in Alaska than in Progress No. 9. The levels of these GAs in dark-grown shoots were 10(2)- to 10(3)-fold less than the levels in developing seeds. The 2-epimer of GA29 is present in dark-grown-shoot extracts of both cultivars and is not thought to be an artefact.

Qualitative and Semi-quantitative Analyses of Gibberellins in Immature Seeds of Pharbitis purpurea

The endogenous gibberellins in rather matured seeds of Pharbitis purpurea were qualitatively analyzed by combined gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and gibberellins A3,5,8,17,19,20,26,27,29,34, 44 and 53 were identified. A semiquantitative analysis of these gibberellins was performed on a small quantity of very young, immature seeds by gas chromatography/selected ion monitoring (GC/SIM) after purification by high performance liquid chromatography. The mass spectra of two types of these gibberellin derivatives, methyl ester-trimethylsilyl ethers and trimethylsilyl ester-trimethylsilyl ethers, were measured and their advantages and disadvantages in GC/SIM analysis are discussed.

Fluctuation of Endogenous Levels of Free and Conjugated Gibberellins throughout Seed Maturation in Leucaena leucocephala (Lmk) De Wit

Combined gas chromatography-selected ion monitoring (GC-SIM) analysis of a purified extract from seeds of Leucaena leucocephala showed the presence of GAi, GAg, GAn, GAio, GA2o, GA23, GA29 and GA53. GAi, GAs and GA29 were also found both as glucosyl ester-like and glucosyl ether-like conjugates, and GA20 as a glucosyl ester-like conjugate; these conjugates were analyzed as free GAs after enzyme hydrolysis. GA23 was shown to be the main free gibberellin in immature seeds (268 ng/seed), though its level drastically decreased during their maturation. GAi was the main free Cia-gibbercllin and GAi glucosyl ester-like and glucosyl ether-like conjugates were found at the highest levels in the seeds prior to maturation. Fluctuation of endogenous levels of gibberellins is discussed in terms of seed development.

Endogenous gibberellins in immature seeds and flowering ears of rice.

Endogenous gibberellins (GAs) in immature seeds and flowering ears of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) were investigated, and six 13-OH GAs (GA1, GA19, GA20, GA29, GA44 and GA53) and five 13-H GAs (GA4, GA9, GA24, GA34 and GA51) were identified. The existence of these GAs suggests that two major GA biosynthetic pathways exist in rice, one being that of the 13-OH GA series and the other, the 13-H GA series. The major GA was GA4 in ears, and GA34 in immature seeds. The occurrence of 13-H GAs in reproductive organs suggests that 13-H GAs may play important roles in the regulation of reproductive growth.

Characterization of Gibberellins in Immature Seeds ofLeucaena leucocephala(Lmk) De Wit

Journal Article Characterization of Gibberellins in Immature Seeds of Leucaena leucocephala (Lmk) De Wit Get access Sayuti Arigayo, Sayuti Arigayo The Institute of Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Singaperbangsa, Bandung, Indonesia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kanzo Sakata, Kanzo Sakata The Institute of Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Singaperbangsa, Bandung, Indonesia Present Address: Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka-shi 442, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sachiko Fujisawa, Sachiko Fujisawa Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Akira Sakurai, Akira Sakurai The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sasongko S Adisewojo, Sasongko S Adisewojo The Institute of Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Jalan Singaperbangsa, Bandung, Indonesia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Nobutaka Takahashi Nobutaka Takahashi The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351, JapanDepartment of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 47, Issue 12, 1 December 1983, Pages 2939–2940, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1983.10866062 Published: 01 December 1983 Article history Received: 22 June 1983 Published: 01 December 1983

Biologically active gibberellins in immature seeds of Pyrus serotin

Biologically active gibberellins were isolated from immature seeds of Japanese pear ( Pyrus serotina). The major one was tentatively identified as GA 4 by selected ion monitoring. Evidence for the possible presence of GA 7 in the seeds was inconclusive but GA 3 was not detected by either the rice seedling or barley half-seed bioassay.

The identification of gibberellins in immature seeds of Vicia faba, and some chemotaxonomic considerations

GA17, GA19, GA20, GA29, GA44 and 13-hydroxy-GA12, now named GA53, were identified by GC-MS in immature seeds of Vicia faba (broad bean). Also identified were a GA catabolite, two polyhydroxykauranoic acids, and abscisic, phaseic and dihydrophaseic acids. The GAs of Vicia are hydroxylated at C-13, in common with those of other legumes. However the GAs of Vicia are not hydroxylated at C-3, nor do they appear to be readily conjugated. In these respects Vicia resembles Pisum, another member of the tribe Viciae. Vicia differs from Phaseolus and Vigna, of the tribe Phaseoleae, in both these respects.

Gibberellins in Immature Seeds of Canavalia

Gibberellins in Immature Seeds of Canavalia

Gibberellin in Immature Seeds of Canavalia

Two novel gibberellins, GA21 (I) and GA22 (II), were isolated from immature seeds of sword bean, Canavalia gladiata DC. The isolation procedure of these substances as well as their growth-promoting effects on dwarf maize mutants d1 and d5, rice, cucumber and dwarf peas (Progress No. 9) are described.The structures of two new gibberellins, GA21 and GA22, isolated from immature seeds of sword bean, were determined as 4aα, 7α-dihydroxy-8-methylenegibbane-1, 1, 10β-tricarboxylic acid 1→4a lactone (II) and 4aα, 7α-dihydroxy-l β-hydroxymethyl-8-methylenegibb-2-ene-1α, 10β-dicaboxylic acid 1→4a lactone (IV), respectively, on the basis of chemical and physicochemical studies.

Gibberellins in Immature Seeds of Morning-glory

Gibberellins in Immature Seeds of Morning-glory

Structures of new gibberellins in immature seeds of [formula omitted][formula omitted

Structures of new gibberellins in immature seeds of [formula omitted][formula omitted

Gibberellin in immature seeds of

Gibberellin in immature seeds of

A new C 20 gibberellin in immature seeds of [formula omitted

A new C 20 gibberellin in immature seeds of [formula omitted