Giant Melanocytic Nevus Research Articles

Giant congenital melanocytic nevus with developmental dysplasia of bilateral hip: A rare association

Giant congenital melanocytic nevi are rare congenital disfiguring benign neoplasms with a risk of transformation to malignant melanoma. They often present with various extra-cutaneous features. Here, we describe a case of giant melanocytic nevus with developmental dysplasia of bilateral hip, a novel association.

Pigmentary nevi on face have unique patterns and implications: The concept of Blaschko′s lines for pigmentary nevi

Background:Nevi are proposed to reflect the mosaicism and thus generally follow the different archetypal patterns of mosaicism. Blaschko's lines are the most common pattern of mosaicism. There have been many attempts to elucidate the Blaschko's lines on face from the distributional patterns of different nevi, but studies that evaluated exclusively pigmentary nevi are sparse. Aims: This study attempted to evaluate the patterns followed by different pigmentary nevi on face and utilized this to elucidate the pattern of embryological pigmentation on face.Materials and Methods:Spatial parameters like shape, orientation, and distribution patterns of different flat pigmentary nevi on face were analyzed and graphically drawn on human facial diagram. This was compared with existing facial Blaschko's lines. All cases of palpable pigmented nevi like congenital and giant melanocytic nevi and nevus spilus were excluded.Results:A total of 68 cases of pigmentary nevi on face (male-39, female-29) were examined. The shape and distribution lines were found to have a close similarity with Blaschko's lines on face with distinct differences.Conclusions:The concept of facial embryonic pigmentary ‘segment’, ‘unit’ and existence of separate Blaschko's lines for facial pigmentary nevi is conceived. Some insight into the pathogenesis of Blaschko's lines is also proposed in this study.

Tangential excision and dermabrasion in treatment of superficial giant congenital melanocytic nevus

Objective Present treatment in plastic surgery on giant congenital melanocytic nevus has always been a tough practice because it is difficult to achieve balance between effects and costs of treatment.This paper aimed to explore the concrete procedure of tangential excision and dermabrasion in treatment of adult giant congenital melanocytic nevus. Methods Taking into consideration pathological examination results before surgery,diseased regions,psychological expectancy and other factors,we used a humby knife or globe grinding head to remove giant congenital relanocytic nevus by wiping off the surface of it in 10 cases.After operation,the operated area of the skin underwent a process of healing in a moisturized state.In each case,surgical procedure was carried out by 1 2 sta ges,with the interval period ranges from 3 months to 6 months.Results One to 3 years follow-ups showed that among those cases,5 cases obtained good results in which skin color of surgical area turned to normal and pathological examination showed that nevus cells disappeared,4 cases achieved improvement,and 1 case was relapsed.Conclusions The two alternative methods for treatment of giant congenital melanocytic nevus,either tangential excision or dermabrasion,with combination of pathological examination results,diseased regions,and psychological expectancy should be taken into consideration,which can remain a maximum balance between effects and costs of treatments.Tangential excision and dermabrasion are effective in some cases of giant congenital nevus where traditional methods do not work,or in order to reduce the cost of body appearance in treatment.Therefore,these two methods deserve to be adopted extensively in clinical therapy.But it still needs further accumulation of experience in practice and longer period of follow-up after operation. Key words: Giant congenital melanocytic nevus; Tangential excision; Dermabrasion

Intrascrotal Extratesticular Neurofibroma as a Possible Cause of Failed Descent in Ipsilateral Testis

Intrascrotal extratesticular neurofibromas (IEN) often originate from genitofemoral nerve (GFN) and present as a paratesticular mass. Synchronous presence of IEN and undescended testis has not been reported previously. A 12-year-old boy with neurocutaneous syndrome and congenital giant melanocytic nevi along with IEN and ipsilateral undescended testis is presented, to discuss the underlying pathophysiology of failed testicular descent in the presence of IEN.

The Use of a Dermal Regeneration Template following Excision of a Giant Melanocytic Nevus in a Potential Army Recruit

We report the case of a 17-year-old boy who was precluded from entering basic military training because of the presence of a giant hairy melanocytic nevus that covered his back. He subsequently underwent total excision of the lesion followed by application of a dermal regeneration matrix, Integra, and split-thickness skin grafting. Ten months following the procedure, his wounds had healed and the reconstructed skin was considered durable enough to withstand the rigors of military training. He has since been allowed to reapply for recruit training. This case illustrates the utility of a dermal regeneration template in the military patient, where both strong biomechanical properties as well as skin coverage are required to help meet the demands of military training.

Giant Ceribriform Intradermal Nevus on the Back of a Newborn

A male newborn had a large cerebriform tumor covering his shoulders and almost the entire surface of his back. After exclusion of further abnormalities, the diagnosis of cerebriform intradermal nevus was made. This particular variant of giant melanocytic nevus should always be differentiated from cutis verticis gyrata, if located on the vertex. The clinical manifestation of cerebriform intradermal nevi as giant melanocytic nevi on the back is extremely rare, with only one instance reported to date. Such nevi are a therapeutic challenge, particularly if the skin lesion covers a large surface of the body, as in the patient presented here.

Fatal malignant melanoma in a child with neurofibromatosis type 1

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is an autosomal dominant disease and is considered one of the most commonly inherited diseases in humans. Malignant melanoma has been reported in up to 5% of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1. We report a young Saudi boy with neurofibromatosis type 1 who developed fatal metastatic malignant melanoma arising from giant melanocytic nevi within speckled lentiginous nevus (SLN).

Autologous Cultured Skin Substitutes Conserve Donor Autograft in Elective Treatment of Congenital Giant Melanocytic Nevus

Autologous Cultured Skin Substitutes Conserve Donor Autograft in Elective Treatment of Congenital Giant Melanocytic Nevus

Cerebriform Giant Melanocytic Nevus of the Scalp: Report of Two Cases with Different Surgical Approaches

Cerebriform giant melanocytic nevus of the scalp is an extremely rare malformation. Clinical appearance with maceration and fetor within the crypts and the risk of malignant transformation may require surgical therapy. We report two cases with different methods of surgical management. A 27-year-old woman noticed a swelling of the parietal scalp that developed over a period of 4 years into a gyrus-like tumor measuring 12 cm x 18 cm. The crypts between the gyri could not be inspected. Serial excisions under subcutaneous infusion anesthesia were performed to reduce the size of the nevus and to flatten the surface of the scalp. The second patient, a 26-year-old man, demonstrated a giant 10 cm x 10 cm cerebriform nevus on the occiput. The nevus also contained areas of fetid maceration. After implanting a tissue expander under general anesthesia the nevus was excised. The defect was closed using a rotation flap.

Erosions Within Giant Congenital Nevi May Not Be Ominous in Infants

Giant congenital melanocytic nevi carry a 5% to 10% lifetime risk of melanoma with a bimodal occurrence, peaking in early childhood and late adulthood.

Neonatal erosions and ulcerations in giant congenital melanocytic nevi.

We report 10 cases of neonatal erosions or ulcerations in giant congenital melanocytic nevi. Histopathologic examination, performed in eight cases, demonstrated benign findings. Clinical follow-up for an average of 3.8 years (range 2 weeks to 8 years) has not revealed the development of cutaneous melanoma. We conclude that erosions or ulcerations in giant melanocytic nevi in neonates are often benign and do not necessarily signify the presence of cutaneous melanoma.

Neurocutaneous melanosis

OBJECTIVE: Describe the morbidity associated with a rare disease due to an embryological defect. METHODS: Retrospective revision of medical and necropsy reports. Bibliographic research using MEDLINE, LILACS and Index Medicus databases. RESULTS: 1 year-old male patient, admitted with generalized tonic-clonic seizures, evolving to deep coma and death in a few hours. Necropsy showed diffuse leptomeningeal malignant melanoma in brain stem, cerebellum, spinal cord and temporal lobe associated with a giant melanocytic nevus and satellite lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Neurocutaneous melanosis is a rare congenital syndrome characterized by the presence of large and/or multiple melanocytic nevi and pigmented tumors of the leptomeninges. It has a poor prognosis as demonstrated by the present report. It's physiopathology is believed to be due to a migration defect of the cells arising from the primitive neural crest. In these cases, an early diagnosis may improve the survival time.

MRI of the Brain in Children with Giant Congenital Melanocytic Nevi

Neurocutaneous melanosis (leptomeningeal melanocytosis) is a rare complication of giant congenital melanocytic nevi. In this condition melanocytes line

Blue Nevus: Classical Types and New Related Entities: A Differential Diagnostic Review

Blue nevus is an uncommon pigmented lesion of dermal melanocytes. By convention, two well defined histologic variants, designated as "common" and "cellular", have been recognised. In the last few years, these lesions have attracted much attention due to the recognition of news entities and to its confusion with malignant melanoma. In the present review, we point out the more striking features of new related entities (combined nevus, deep penetrating nevus, compound blue nevus) and establish the differential diagnosis with conflictive lesions such as atypical blue nevus, locally aggressive blue nevus, congenital giant melanocytic nevus with nodular growth and melanocytic dermal tumor of unpredictable outcome. We also review the concept of malignant blue nevus and the significance of lymph node metastases. The blue nevus is an uncommon pigmented lesion consisting of dermal melanocytes that can appear in diverse forms: dendritic, spindle-shaped, oval-shaped, or polyhedral. Although it usually occurs in skin, it has been reported in other locations, such as oral mucosa, sclera, uterine cervix, vagina, prostate, spermatic cord, pulmonary hilus, orbit, conjunctiva, maxillary sinus, breast, and lymph nodes 3,8,42,49. Generally, it occurs in adults as a single, acquired, intensely pigmented lesion, although familial and multiple nevi have been reported 7,39. By convention, there are two well-defined histologic variants, designated as "common" and "cellular", but lesions often manifest intermediate features. In the last few years, blue nevus has attracted much attention due to the recognition of new (clinical and histologic) entities and to its confusion with malignant melanoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Malignant schwannoma with melanocytic and neuroepithelial differentiation in an infant with congenital giant melanocytic nevus: A complex neurocristopathy

We describe an infant girl, born with a pigmented giant nevus, who developed a malignant schwannoma in the retroperitoneum at 16 months of age. At birth the nevus covered over 50% of her body and histologically was a compound nevus with extension into the deep dermis surrounding dermal appendages. The malignant schwannoma was biphasic with areas composed of spindle and round cells. Ultrastructurally, the majority of the tumor cells exhibited a Schwann cell phenotype, but neuroepithelial and melanocytic cells were identified as well. We believe that this constellation of findings represents a form of neurocristopathy. Neurocristopathy, as defined by Bolande ( Hum Pathol 5:409–429, 1974), is a disease that results from aberrations in the migration, growth, or cytodifferentiation of neural crest tissues. These diseases may be simple (a singular pathologic process, usually localized) or complex (multiple neuroectodermal lesions). We report this case because the occurrence of retroperitoneal malignant schwannoma arising in a 16-month-old infant born with a pigmented giant nevus is unique, and may represent a previously undescribed form of a complex neurocristopathy.

Congenital Malignant Melanoma

A 6-week-old girl with congenital melanoma of the skin is reported and the literature is reviewed. We believe this to be the first case of congenital melanoma in a black infant who had no underlying giant melanocytic nevus. Because of the significant relationship between the early treatment and prognosis of malignant melanoma, we wish to alert pediatric clinicians to the existence of this rare congenital neoplasm.

Giant Congenital Neuroid Melanocytic Nevus

A patient with a variety of nevus cell nevi, a congenital giant melanocytic nevus, abnormal facies, vascular anomaly of the leg, and mental retardation was examined. The patient also had neuroid elements within the giant nevus that led to the consideration of neurofibromatosis. Because neurofibromatosis is a genetically determined condition with tissue different from the neuroid elements seen in giant nevi, the two conditions are considered to be different entities. Malignant transformation of congenital giant pigmented nevi occurs, although the incidence of such transformation remains a subject of controversy.

Giant congenital neuroid melanocytic nevus

• A patient with a variety of nevus cell nevi, a congenital giant melanocytic nevus, abnormal facies, vascular anomaly of the leg, and mental retardation was examined. The patient also had neuroid elements within the giant nevus that led to the consideration of neurofibromatosis. Because neurofibromatosis is a genetically determined condition with tissue different from the neuroid elements seen in giant nevi, the two conditions are considered to be different entities. Malignant transformation of congenital giant pigmented nevi occurs, although the incidence of such transformation remains a subject of controversy. (<i>Arch Dermatol</i>116:318-320, 1980)