Introduction Of Germplasm Research Articles

Elite germplasm introduction, training set composition, and genetic optimization algorithms effect on genomic selection‐based breeding programs

Elite germplasm introduction, training set composition, and genetic optimization algorithms effect on genomic selection‐based breeding programs

Performance Evaluation of New Table Grape Varieties under High Light Intensity Conditions Based on the Photosynthetic and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics

The evaluation of photosynthetic characteristics of plants is important for the success rate of germplasm introduction. To select grape varieties with higher adaptability and trait performance, this experiment is aimed at evaluating and comparing the photosynthetic indices, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, photosynthetic pigment content, and leaf characteristics of five Chinese hybrid varieties. The results showed that under high light intensity stress, the leaf growth of ‘Ruidu Cuixia’ was most affected and its specific leaf weight was the lowest, while ‘Jing Hongbao’ had the highest chlorophyll content. The maximum net photosynthetic rate (Pnmax), maximum light quantum yield (Fv/Fm), and apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) were different among varieties. It was reported that the ‘Ruidu Zaohong’ variety had the highest Pnmax. ‘Ruidu Wuheyi’ was found to have the highest Fv/Fm, while the highest AQE was recorded for ‘Ruidu Cuixia’, with intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and stomatal conductance (gs) at 292.56 μmol·mol−1, 766.56 mmol·m−2·s−1, and 66.8 μmol·m−2·s−1, respectively. The indices of ABS/CSm, TRo/CSm, and DIo/CSm were significantly different among varieties, and these indices of ‘Ruidu Zaohong’ were the highest. Pn was positively correlated with Ci and Tr, gs were positively correlated with Fv and TRo/CSm. The specific leaf area was negatively correlated with Fv/Fm and ΦDIo. The results of the principal component analysis and TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation showed that ‘Jing Hongbao’ and ‘Ruidu Cuixia’ performed best. Overall, the measurement of the photosynthetic characteristics of the plants during the growing period provided valuable data for the varietal introduction strategies. The better photosynthetic performance of ‘Jing Hongbao’ and ‘Ruidu Cuixia’ indicates more adaptability to the long day, high light intensity, and the high-temperature climate of Xinjiang.

Genome-wide analysis highlights genetic admixture in exotic germplasm resources of Eucalyptus and unexpected ancestral genomic composition of interspecific hybrids.

Eucalyptus is an economically important genus comprising more than 890 species in different subgenera and sections. Approximately twenty species of subgenus Symphyomyrtus account for 95% of the world's planted eucalypts. Discrimination of closely related eucalypt taxa is challenging, consistent with their recent phylogenetic divergence and occasional hybridization in nature. Admixture, misclassification or mislabeling of Eucalyptus germplasm resources maintained as exotics have been suggested, although no reports are available. Moreover, hybrids with increased productivity and traits complementarity are planted worldwide, but little is known about their actual genomic ancestry. In this study we examined a set of 440 trees of 16 different Eucalyptus species and 44 interspecific hybrids of multi-species origin conserved in germplasm banks in Brazil. We used genome-wide SNP data to evaluate the agreement between the alleged phylogenetic classification of species and provenances as registered in their historical records, and their observed genetic clustering derived from SNP data. Genetic structure analyses correctly assigned each of the 16 species to a different cluster although the PCA positioning of E. longirostrata was inconsistent with its current taxonomy. Admixture was present for closely related species' materials derived from local germplasm banks, indicating unintended hybridization following germplasm introduction. Provenances could be discriminated for some species, indicating that SNP-based discrimination was directly proportional to geographical distance, consistent with an isolation-by-distance model. SNP-based genomic ancestry analysis showed that the majority of the hybrids displayed realized genomic composition deviating from the expected ones based on their pedigree records, consistent with admixture in their parents and pervasive genome-wide directional selection toward the fast-growing E. grandis genome. SNP data in support of tree breeding provide precise germplasm identity verification, and allow breeders to objectively recognize the actual ancestral origin of superior hybrids to more realistically guide the program toward the development of the desired genetic combinations.

Exploring seed and meal composition and protein solubility in soybean genotypes from different domestication periods

AbstractTraditionally, commercial soybean breeding has focused on increasing seed yield by crossing elite cultivars and limiting the genetic diversity within commercial germplasm. Wild and ancestral soybean genotypes have higher seed protein concentrations than commercial ones. Different seed protein concentrations and compositions result in diverse functional properties of soybean meal, in particular solubility is important for beverages and protein isolates production. The objectives of our study were (i) to characterize seed protein concentration and composition in genotypes from different soybean domestication periods (types) and (ii) to evaluate the protein concentration and solubility profiles of the defatted meals obtained from these genotypes. Variation within seed and meal protein concentration, composition, and solubility was evident along the domestication process. Wild relative (G. soja) and Elite genotypes had the maximum and minimum seed protein concentrations, respectively (42.9 and 36.3 g 100 g−1). Soybean meal protein concentrations were 55.1, 47.7, 48.4 and 44.1 g 100 g−1 for Wild relative (G. soja), Asian landraces, North American (Nam) ancestors and Elite, respectively. Ample genotypic variation was observed for β‐conglycinin components, such as for β, α, and α′ subunits and for total glycinin and its components. Asian landraces had the highest protein solubility. Wild and ancestral germplasm are a reservoir of useful traits to improve soybean seed quality. This study opens the gates to the introduction of ancestral germplasm to breeding programs focused on protein quality and functionality.

Characterization and Valorization of Maize Landraces from Aosta Valley.

While there is a rich collection of maize germplasm from Italy, it lacks genetic resources from the Aosta Valley, an isolated mountain region where landraces have been preserved in the absence of modern germplasm introductions. These local materials, which are still cultivated mainly at household level, can have high importance from a genetic and historical point of view. In the present study, five landraces named, after the collecting sites, Arnad, Arnad-Crest, Châtillon, Entrebin and Perloz, were sampled in Aosta Valley and subjected to historic, morphologic and genetic characterization. This study provided evidence for the landraces' long presence in Aosta Valley, a significant genetic variability and differentiation among the investigated landraces. Globally, 67 different alleles were detected ranging from 4 for markers phi127 and p-bnlg176 to 10 for phi031, with a mean of 6.7 alleles per locus. Observed heterozygosity levels were comprised from 0.16 to 0.51 and are generalkly lower than expected heterozigosity supporting fixation at some loci. STRUCTURE analysis revealed clear separation between accessions revealing the presence of four ancestral populations. This may be explained by the long reproductive isolation experienced by these materials. Finally, morphological observations confirm the high diversity between landraces revealing that they generally have flint kernels, variable color from yellow to dark red (Châtillon) while Perloz showed kernels with an apical beak. The present work confirms the importance of mountain areas in conserving biodiversity and increases the rich Italian maize germplasm with materials well adapted to marginal areas. Such new genetic variability may be used to breed new materials for more resilient agriculture.

Collection and characterization of cassava germplasm in Comoros

In Comoros, cassava plays a major food security role, however yields are low as few modern cultivars are grown. Prior to the introduction of new cultivars, and as a germplasm resource for breeders, germplasm collection missions were undertaken in the three largest islands; Ngazidja, Ndzouani and Mwali; and associated farmer knowledge documented. Cassava landraces were collected from 34 farms, and 17 key informant interviews conducted. Stakes of 79 collected landraces were planted for agro-morphological characterization. All landraces were genotyped using DaRTSeq technology and data analysed to identify duplicates. Genetic fingerprints of 46 unique landraces were co-analysed with 402 previously genotyped landraces and improved cultivars from Tanzania. From this set only one match was made with a very old cultivar, Aipin Valenca, from the Northern Zone in Tanzania. According to SNP data, germplasm from the three islands of Comoros were similarly related to one another, and more distantly related to germplasm from Tanzania. They were most closely related to germplasm from the Northern Zone in Tanzania, suggesting a possible historical introduction of germplasm from this area. Lower levels of diversity were observed on these islands, as well as the islands of Pemba and Zanzibar. This implies limited introduction and movement of cassava germplasm into the islands. Introductions of improved germplasm to Comoros is recommended with the simultaneous conservation of collected unique landraces. Two landraces with high market demand and reported tolerance to diseases were identified for further evaluation with a view to multiplication and distribution and incorporation into the breeding program.

Genetic-base broadening of Robusta coffee: Assessment of genetic variability for vigor and yield of introduced germplasm

The genepool of Robusta coffee in Ghana has been shown to be narrow and this necessitates the introduction of germplasm from foreign sources which may be repositories of important alleles for key traits. This represents a key facet of Robusta coffee development approach of broadening the genepool to overcome possible yield stagnation of the crop. The present study was set out to determine the agronomic potential of some introduced Robusta coffee genotypes and estimate genetic parameters for important growth and yield traits to direct future improvement strategies of the crop. Following a randomized complete block design with four replications, sixty-seven genotypes including one standard clone were planted in the field in June 2013 and evaluated for three traits: stem diameter, span and yield. There was significant variation ( p < 0.001) among the genotypes for all the traits assessed. Cumulative yield ranged from 8.6 t ha −1 to 14.5 t ha −1 among the top 22 genotypes. Thirty-one percent of the genotypes assessed had a cumulative yield that was equal to or higher than that of the standard. Our results showed that selection based on average first three years’ yield could be as effective as selection based on cumulative yield. Our findings document the extent of genetic variation for highly valued growth and yield traits in the Robusta coffee germplasm collection and provide evidence of the potential to increase productivity through the use of introduced germplasm beyond local collections in future breeding efforts.

Genotyping-by-Sequencing Defines Genetic Structure within the "Acquaviva" Red Onion Landrace.

Genetic structure and distinctive features of landraces, such as adaptability to local agro-ecosystems and specific qualitative profiles, can be substantially altered by the massive introduction of allochthonous germplasm. The landrace known as “Cipolla rossa di Acquaviva” (Acquaviva red onion, further referred to as ARO) is traditionally cultivated and propagated in a small area of the Apulia region (southern Italy). However, the recent rise of its market value and cultivation area is possibly causing genetic contamination with foreign propagating material. In this work, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was used to characterize genetic variation of seven onion populations commercialized as ARO, as well as one population of the landrace “Montoro” (M), which is phenotypically similar, but originates from another cultivation area and displays different qualitative features. A panel of 5011 SNP markers was used to perform parametric and non-parametric genetic structure analyses, which supported the hypothesis of genetic contamination of germplasm commercialized as ARO with a gene pool including the M landrace. Four ARO populations formed a core genetic group, homogeneous and clearly distinct from the other ARO and M populations. Conversely, the remaining three ARO populations did not display significant differences with the M population. A set of private alleles for the ARO core genetic group was identified, indicating the possibility to trace the ARO landrace by means of a SNP-based molecular barcode. Overall, the results of this study provide a framework for further breeding activities and the traceability of the ARO landrace.

A Comprehensive Review on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Breeding for Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Climate Change Resilience.

Chickpea is one of the most important pulse crops worldwide, being an excellent source of protein. It is grown under rain-fed conditions averaging yields of 1 t/ha, far from its potential of 6 t/ha under optimum conditions. The combined effects of heat, cold, drought, and salinity affect species productivity. In this regard, several physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms are reviewed to confer tolerance to abiotic stress. A large collection of nearly 100,000 chickpea accessions is the basis of breeding programs, and important advances have been achieved through conventional breeding, such as germplasm introduction, gene/allele introgression, and mutagenesis. In parallel, advances in molecular biology and high-throughput sequencing have allowed the development of specific molecular markers for the genus Cicer, facilitating marker-assisted selection for yield components and abiotic tolerance. Further, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have permitted the identification of specific genes, proteins, and metabolites associated with tolerance to abiotic stress of chickpea. Furthermore, some promising results have been obtained in studies with transgenic plants and with the use of gene editing to obtain drought-tolerant chickpea. Finally, we propose some future lines of research that may be useful to obtain chickpea genotypes tolerant to abiotic stress in a scenario of climate change.

Identification of promising sources of hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) for important quality traits

Barley is one of the unique cereals having health promoting properties in its grains. There is a renewed interest in food barley in past few years and need is being felt for high yielding hulless genotypes with superior food quality parameters. In this study 19 land races collected from Leh and Ladakh region, four exotic germplasm introductions, breeding lines and six released hulless cultivars were evaluated in 2017-18 for seven grain quality parameters. Promising genotypes for grain beta glucan content and thousand kernel weight have been identified. A positive correlation has been observed between grain beta glucan content and protein content.

Kernel filling and desiccation in temperate maize: Breeding and environmental effects

Sowing date (SD) modifies the environmental conditions during the kernel-filling period as well as during kernel dry down after physiological maturity (PM), particularly for late-sown maize (Zea mays L.) crops that currently cover 50 % of the maize area in Argentina. The main goal of this work was to evaluate breeding effects on kernel filling and kernel desiccation traits in a set of five commercial maize hybrids released by a single breeding program between 1980 and 2016 when grown under contrasting environments in the temperate Central Pampas region. The evolution of kernel weight (KW) and kernel moisture (KM) were assessed. Maximum KW (KWMAX), maximum kernel water content (KWCMAX), kernel filling rate (KFR), kernel filling duration (KFD) and KM at silking+20 days (KMR1+20) and PM (KMPM) were computed together with husks number. Pre-PM kernel desiccation was described using an exponential decay model with k1 as the proportionality drying coefficient. For the post-PM period, kernel desiccation was modelled assuming that the change in KM in a given period is proportional to the difference between the kernel and the equilibrium moisture contents, where k2 was the corresponding proportionality drying coefficient. For KWMAX, a genetic progress of 0.26 % year −1 (p < 0.05) was estimated from 1993 to 2016. This trend was explained by the increase registered in KFD (0.32 % year−1, p < 0.01), which was partially compensated by a reduction in KFR (−0.08 % year−1, p < 0.05). No genetic progress was detected for husks number, KWCMAX, KMR1+20, KMPM, k1 and k2, but introduction of dent germplasm produced an increase in KWCMAX, KMR1+20 and KMPM and a decrease in k2. KFR and KFD as well as kernel desiccation dynamics were strongly affected by SDs. Breeding effects that extended KFD, together with the broad adoption of late sowings, promote a reduction in k2, which must be considered for the correct assessment of trade-offs between drying costs and kernel quality penalization by pests and diseases.

Genome-Wide Association Studies for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance and Its Trade-Off With Grain Yield in Soft Red Winter Wheat

Identification of quantitative trait loci for Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance from different sources and pyramiding them into cultivars could provide effective protection against FHB. The objective of this study was to characterize a soft red winter wheat (SRWW) breeding population that has been subjected to intense germplasm introduction and alien introgression for FHB resistance in the past. The population was evaluated under misted FHB nurseries inoculated with Fusarium graminearum infested corn spawn for two years. Phenotypic data included disease incidence (INC), disease severity (SEV), Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK), FHB index (FHBdx), and deoxynivalenol concentration (DON). Genome-wide association studies by using 13,784 SNP markers identified twenty-five genomic regions at -logP ≥ 4.0 that were associated with five FHB-related traits. Of these 25, the marker trait associations that explained more than 5% phenotypic variation were localized on chromosomes 1A, 2B, 3B, 5A, 7A, 7B, and 7D, and from diverse sources including adapted SRWW lines such as Truman and Bess, and unadapted common wheat lines such as Ning7840 and Fundulea 201R. Furthermore, individuals with favorable alleles at the four loci Fhb1, Qfhb.nc-2B.1 (Q2B.1), Q7D.1, and Q7D.2 showed better FDK and DON scores (but not INC, SEV, and FHBdx) compared to other allelic combinations. Our data also showed while pyramiding multiple loci provides protection against FHB disease, it has significant trade-off with grain yield.

Genetic diversity and population structure of date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in Ethiopia using microsatellite markers

BackgroundDate palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a perennial monocotyledonous plant belonging to the Arecaceae family, a special plant with extraordinary nature that gives eminent contributions in agricultural sustainability and huge socio-economic value in many countries of the world including Ethiopia. Evaluation of genetic diversity across date palms at DNA level is very important for breeding and conservation. The result of this study could help to design for genetic improvement and develop germplasm introduction programmes of date palms mainly in Ethiopia. ResultsIn this study, 124 date palm genotypes were collected, and 10 polymorphic microsatellite markers were used. Among 10 microsatellites, MPdCIR085 and MPdCIR093 loci showed the highest value of observed and expected heterozygosity, maximum number of alleles, and highest polymorphic information content values. A total of 112 number of alleles were found, and the mean number of major allele frequency was 0.26, with numbers ranging from 0.155 (MPdCIR085) to 0.374 (MPdCIR016); effective number of alleles with a mean value of 6.61, private alleles ranged from 0.0 to 0.65; observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.355 to 0.726; expected heterozygosity varied from 0.669 to 0.906, polymorphic information content with a mean value of 0.809; fixation index individuals relative to subpopulations ranged from 0.028 for locus MPdCIR032 to 0.548 for locus MPdCIR025, while subpopulations relative to total population value ranged from − 0.007 (MPdCIR070) to 0.891 (MPdCIR015). All nine accesstions, neighbour-joining clustering analysis, based on dissimilarity coefficient values were grouped into five major categories; in population STRUCTURE analysis at highest K value, three groups were formed, whereas DAPC separated date palm genotypes into eight clusters using the first two linear discriminants. Principal coordinate analysis was explained, with a 17.33% total of variation in all populations. Generally, the result of this study revealed the presence of allele variations and high heterozygosity (> 0.7) in date palm genotypes. ConclusionsMicrosatellites (SSR) are one of the most preferable molecular markers for the study of genetic diversity and population structure of plants. In this study, we found the presence of genetic variations of date palm genotypes in Ethiopia; therefore, these genetic variations of date palms is important for crop improvement and conservation programmes; also, it will be used as sources of information to national and international genbanks.

Nueva variedad de “quinua” Chenopodium quinoa Wild. (Chenopodiaceae) para la sierra norte del Perú con características agronómicas y comerciales sobresalientes

In order to generate a new variety of quinoa for the northern highlands of Peru and contribute to the competitiveness of this andean grain, this research was carried out between 2013 and 2018. Phases of introduction and evaluation of germplasm, genetic improvement and advanced evaluation of promising materials were carried out. The first two phases carried out in INIA experimental fields and the third in farmer’s fields. Phenotypic characteristics, physiological maturity, mildew reaction and grain yield were evaluated. Also, there was opinion of farmers. Quantitative data was analyzed using ANVA and Duncan’s test. From the Genetic Compound A, introduced from the central highlands, the new variety of quinoa was generated, called INIA 437 Red of the North. It is accepted by the farmers of the research, It has white grain and semi-sweetness; purple in foliage and panicle; as well as outstanding characteristics of mildew tolerance and productivity, showing less damage to the disease and greater yield than the Witness, White of Junin variety; also It has greater profitability and productive stability than this; being suitable for cultivation in the study area.

Molecular characterization of garlic (Allium sativum L.) using SSR markers in Ethiopia

Garlic is one of the most cultivated and medicinal horticultural crops in the world. Its production and productivity is decreased due to different constraints. Knowing the genetic distance will give information to tackle the constraints. This study characterized genetic diversity of garlic germplasm by analysis of eleven Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) loci in 115 garlic accession. Genomic DNA was extracted from fresh leaf tip using modified Diversity Array Technology (DArT) protocol. Touch down polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was also used to get optimal annealing temperature for each Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) primers. A number of monomorphic and few polymorphic bands were obtained from eleven SSR markers. The gel pictures show monomorphic bands between genotypes. However, some markers: ASM 080, ASA 20, ASA23, and GB-ASM 053 generated polymorphic bands. Dendrogram of genetic distances amongst all tested genotypes showed three distinct major clusters, and six sub-clusters. This study will guide decision making on introduction of germplasm for enhancing genetic diversity or creation of new variations to improve and widen the genetic base of garlic. Key words: Garlic, genetic variation, polymorphism.

Screening of Rice Germplasms for Their Resistance against Sheath Rot Disease (Sarocladium oryzae) at Fogera, Ethiopia

Sheath rot of rice, Sarocladium oryzae [(Sawada) W. Gams & D. Hawksw], is currently regarded as one of the most serious rice diseases in Fogera plains. Varietal resistance is the most cost-effective and eco-friendly management strategy for the small-scale farmers. An investigation was conducted to identify resistant sources among rice germplasm introductions that could be employed in varietal development program. Eighty germplasms along four checks were evaluated in field trials for two years at two locations arranged in an augmented design. Results indicated that three immune germplasms (SCRID014-1-1-1-1, SCRID037-4-2-2-5-2 and YUNLU N0.33) were found to be suitable for resistant variety development. The remaining, germplasms were found to exhibit different levels of reactions, of which 27 resistant, 35 moderately resistant, 13 moderately susceptible and two susceptible, with PSI ranging between 1.48–56.17%. The immune germplasms perform better than the standard check varieties in all agronomic and phenological traits considered. Based on these results, the high yielder immune germplasms could be used to develop resistant varieties so as to meet the farmers’ requirement, as far as rice production is concerned.

Nueva variedad de “quinua” Chenopodium quinoa Wild. (Chenopodiaceae) para la sierra norte del Perú con características agronómicas y comerciales sobresalientes

In order to generate a new variety of quinoa for the northern highlands of Peru and contribute to the competitiveness of this andean grain, this research was carried out between 2013 and 2018. Phases of introduction and evaluation of germplasm, genetic improvement and advanced evaluation of promising materials were carried out. The first two phases carried out in INIA experimental fields and the third in farmer’s fields. Phenotypic characteristics, physiological maturity, mildew reaction and grain yield were evaluated. Also, there was opinion of farmers. Quantitative data was analyzed using ANVA and Duncan’s test. From the Genetic Compound A, introduced from the central highlands, the new variety of quinoa was generated, called INIA 437 Red of the North. It is accepted by the farmers of the research, It has white grain and semi-sweetness; purple in foliage and panicle; as well as outstanding characteristics of mildew tolerance and productivity, showing less damage to the disease and greater yield than the Witness, White of Junin variety; also It has greater profitability and productive stability than this; being suitable for cultivation in the study area.

Identification of regions under selection and loci controlling agronomic traits in a soft red winter wheat population.

Comprehensive information of a breeding population is a necessity to design promising crosses. This study was conducted to characterize a soft red winter wheat breeding population that was subject of intensive germplasm introductions and introgression from exotic germplasm. We used genome-wide markers and phenotypic assessment to identify signatures of selection and loci controlling agronomic traits in a soft red winter wheat population. The study of linkage disequilibrium (LD) revealed that the extent of LD and its decay varied among chromosomes with chromosomes 2B and 7D showing the most extended islands of high-LD with slow rates of decay. Four sub-populations, two with North American origin and two with Australian and Chinese origins, were identified. Genome-wide scans for selection signatures using FST and hapFLK identified 13 genomic regions under selection, of which five loci (LT, Fr-A2, Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn3) were associated with environmental adaptation and two loci were associated with disease resistance genes (Sr36 and Fhb1). Genome-wide association studies identified major loci controlling yield and yield related traits. For days to heading and plant height, major loci with effects sizes of 2.2 days and 5cm were identified on chromosomes 7B and 6A respectively. For test weight, number of spikes per square meter, and number of kernels per square meter, large effect loci were identified on chromosomes 1A, 4B, and 5A, respectively. However, for yield alone, no major loci were detected. A combination of selection for large effect loci for yield components and genomic selection could be a promising approach for yield improvement.

Introduction of Heeng germplasm by NBPgr leads to its successful cultivation in India

Introduction of Heeng germplasm by NBPgr leads to its successful cultivation in India

Studi Pendahuluan Keanekaragaman Genetik Kelapa Sawit Asal Kamerun di PT. Binasawit Makmur

Sarimana U, Indarto N, Herrero J, Erika P, Wendra F, Zulhermana Z, Asmono D. 2019. Genetic diversity preliminary study of cameroon origin oil palm at PT. Binasawit Makmur. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal: Journal of Suboptimal Lands. 8(2):126-133. A plant breeding program needs genetic diversity information of germplasm, but the source of genetic diversity of oil palm plants in Indonesia is very narrow. In order to increase genetic diversity, the introduction of germplasm from Cameroon was conducted. The purpose of this study was to obtain a useful molecular marker in order to get genetic diversity information in Elaeis guinensis germplasm materials from Cameroon at PT. Binasawit Makmur (BSM). This preliminary research has been done in 2013. In this study, 300 samples of Cameroon oil palm DNA from 99 accessions and 10 samples DNA BSM material were analyzed by 9 microsatellite markers (simple sequence repeat; SSR). The 9 SSR markers used were very informative and we obtained 93 alleles with an average of 10.33 alleles per locus. The value of polymorphism information content (PIC) was around 0.746-0.889. The total genetic diversity was relative high (HT = 0.814). The coordinate analysis showed no groups in both 99 accessions and BSM material. Based on phylogenetic analysis, 9 SSR markers could show the genetic diversity between the populations. To validate this fact, it needs further research using more molecular markers and samples.