German National Library Research Articles

A Digital Trail of Rupture. The German Film Exile 1933-1945 in the Data of Günter Peter Straschek

How can digital humanities methods reveal the productivity and connectedness of a group of historical individuals linked by displacement from a country? German film exile during National Socialism, 1933-1945, has always been a complex subject to research because of the scattered nature of the sources in the international distribution of archives (Asper, Horak, Hilchenbach). It remains challenging to reconstruct the worldwide dispersed separate flight routes of more than 3000 individuals who worked for the German film industry before 1933. This contribution concerns a list of film exiles collected by the exile researcher and filmmaker Günter Peter Straschek (1942-2009), whose collection of files belongs to the German National Library, German Exile Archive 1933-1945, Frankfurt am Main and was inventoried according to their Normdata. To this end, a database of GND exile data containing names, birth and death dates, professions, and countries of exile was compiled and enriched with data from online resources (Wikidata and IMDb). How can a more comprehensive look at the data reveal the devastating loss for German film (2) and, on the other hand, the collaboration on the flight (3) showing exiles remaining defiant? By incorporating new data from the Straschek Estate, digital methods further enhance historical research findings.

Exploring general practice research in Germany: a systematic review of dissertation topics from 1965–2023

Background Since its academic inception in the 1960s, Germany’s general practice has seen numerous dissertations, many of which are housed in the ‘Archive of German language General Practice’ (ADAM). Aim This study aims to provide the first comprehensive overview of dissertation topics from the discipline of general- and family medicine in Germany, establishing a foundation for advancing research. Method We employed a systematic review approach, examining 801 dissertations from both ADAM and online sources. Each topic was identified, categorized, and finalized through consensus by two independent reviewers. Results Our analysis encompassed 486 dissertations from ADAM, 176 from the German national library, and 139 from university libraries. A total of 167 unique research topics were identified. The predominant themes included medical education (n = 49), medication orders (n = 39), frequent consultation issues (n = 33), complementary medicine (n = 32), and screening measures (n = 29). The use of qualitative methods was constantly rising, from no qualitative methods used from 1965–1974, up to 22% of dissertations in recent years. Conclusion The diversity of 167 research topics underscores the vastness and complexity of general practice in Germany. This structured overview is pivotal for facilitating focused and interconnected research endeavors in the field.

Increasing Space for Collections Storing: National Libraries Practice

Library collection development is directly related to the issues of placement, storage and delivery of documents. The eternal storage of the totality of documents that make up the national heritage is one of the functions of national libraries (NL), which solve the problem of placing materials with consideration to their financial and other capabilities.An overview of the successful national libraries’ practice in solving the lack of storage space problem is presented (Library of Congress, British Library, German National Library, National Diet Library of Japan, National Library of France, Royal Library of Sweden, Austrian National Library, National Library of the Czech Republic, Royal Library of the Netherlands). The experience of the Russian State Library in solving this problem is also analyzed.Finding place for growing collections with a tight of storing conditions is a challenge that requires not only constant attention, but also a flexible approach. Various options for solving this problem are being considered: construction of new (including remote) storage facilities; efficient use of existing premises (for example, an implementation of high density storage systems or co-opting of premises built for other purposes — idle exhibition centers functional conversion, etc.); lease of rentable areas.The research is based on the analysis of information from official websites of the national libraries.The appendix presents the results of the NL survey on the following issues: withdrawing of certain categories of materials, dispatching them to depositories; construction of new storage buildings; statistics concerning active use and actual availability of collections.

Neither insiders nor outsiders: the German National Library and the Jews before 1933

The Deutsche Bücherei was founded on the eve of the First World War as the German National Library. Its history very much reflects Germany’s ‘special path’ in the twentieth century. This exploration of how the Deutsche Bücherei related to Jews aims to contribute to ongoing efforts to better understand the nature and scope of anti-Jewish sentiment in Germany during the period until National Socialism assumed power. Two main questions are central to this exploration. First, as a national institution, what was the policy of the Library on the employment of Jewish staff? Second, how did the catalogues of the Library classify publications by and about Jews? The central aim of the article, then, is to look at antisemitism during the years of the Weimar Republic through the prism of the German National Library.

Autogenic Training for Reducing Chronic Pain: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

BackgroundAutogenic training (AT) is frequently used as therapeutic approach in multimodal pain therapy. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the efficacy of AT in individuals suffering from chronic pain in comparison to passive and active control groups.MethodsA comprehensive literature search in Medline, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and PubPsych and manual searches (last search April 7, 2021) were conducted to locate randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Treatment guidelines and references of relevant articles and previous reviews were checked. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Full Text database, DART-Europe E-theses Portal, Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD), and the Theses Database of the German National Library were screened to identify any unpublished material.ResultsA total of 13 eligible studies (k = 15 comparisons) including 576 participants were identified. Random-effects meta-analyses revealed a significantly positive, moderate effect of AT on the primary outcome pain compared to passive control groups (g = 0.58, 95% CI [0.36; 0.79], k = 9, I2 = 0%). In comparison with other psychological interventions, no difference was found (g = − 0.05, 95% CI [− 0.30; 0.20], k = 6, I2 = 0%). Sensitivity analyses proved the robustness of findings. Overall risk-of-bias judgment was ‘some concerns’ in the majority of studies.ConclusionsBeneficial effects of AT on pain reduction were demonstrated, but findings are prone to bias. Furthermore, high methodological quality RCTs are needed to strengthen the promising evidence of AT for individuals with chronic pain.

Metadata Sharing – How to Transfer Metadata Information among Work Cluster Members

The German National Library (DNB) is using a clustering technique to aggregate works from the database Culturegraph. Culturegraph collects bibliographic metadata records from all German Regional Library Networks, the Austrian Library Network, and DNB. This stock of about 180 million records serves as the basis for work clustering—the attempt to assemble all manifestations of a work in one cluster. The results of this work clustering are not employed in the display of search results, as other similar approaches successfully do, but for transferring metadata elements among the cluster members. In this paper the transfer of content-descriptive metadata elements such as controlled and uncontrolled index terms and classifications and links to name records in the German Integrated Authority File (GND) are described. In this way, standardization and cross linking can be improved and the richness of metadata description can be enhanced.

Bektaşî Bir Şair Behrî ve Divanında Yer Almayan Şiirleri

This study is about Behrī who is thought to be a Bektashi in terms of the subjects he deals with in his poems. There is not any information about his life in biographical sources. The only work of the poet that has been detected so far is his Dīwān. There are 1 mukhammes, 42 museddes, 1 mutessa, 1 musemmen, 24 odes, 2 terkibibent, 16 terciibent, 47 lyric and 38 rubaie in the Dīwān. In addition, 6 more poems that were not included in Behrī’s Dīwān were identified.The work that contains Behrī’s poems, is a treatise corpus containing poems, prose texts, and prayers about various sects, registered in the German National Library Turkish Manuscripts Collection (Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin-Preußischer Kulturbesitz) under the fixture number Ms.or.oct.1592. Although the works in corpus are related to Ḥurūfism, they are generally brought together in terms of their content features. In the corpus respectively: Risâle-i Haydarî-Tarîkat-nâme-i İlâhî, Esrâr-nâme-i Nakşî-i Akkirmânî, El-İlmü Noktatün Kesserhâ’l-câhilûn Hazret-i Alî kerrema’llâhu vechehu, Kitâb-ı Keşf-nâme-i İlâhî, Silsile-nâme-i Âl-i Abâ, Makâmât-ı Evliyâ Akşemseddîn, and Kitâb-ı Rûhiyâ ve Gayr-ı Resâ’il treatises are included. Moreover, there are examples extracted from the prose and poetry works related to the religious orders that are mentioned in the corpus. The part that is the subject of this study is the section where Behrī’s poems are found between 162b-166b pages of the corpus. Here, there are 9 poems belonging to Behrî; three of them are in Behrī’s Dīwān. Other poems consist of 1 elegy describing twelve imams, 1 Elif-nāme written in the form of lyric containing quotations from various verses, and 1 poem and 3 ballad on Bektashism. One of the ballads is on twelve imams and the other two are about Abdal Musa.Keywords: Corpus, Bektashi, Ḥurūfism, Dīwān, Ballad.

Bernhard Harms as Founder of the German National Library of Economics

In 2019, the German National Library of Economics — Leibniz Information Centre for Economics celebrated the 100th anniversary of its foundation. Despite such a long period of existence, there is little information about it in the Russian literature. In the works devoted to German librarianship, there is not enough attention paid to the specialized libraries. Currently, the collection of the German National Library of Economics holds 4,42 million items. In the professional community of economists, it is known for the EconStor repository, which provides open access to 200 thousand documents on economics and related sciences. The library owes its creation to the German economist, world economy specialist Bernhard Harms (1876—1939), who founded the Kiel Institute for Maritime Transport and World Economics in 1914.The purpose of the article is to present the professional activity of B. Harms, his role in the foundation of the institute and the library. The sources for studying the scientist’s activities on organization of the library were the publications of B. Harms and his followers (A. Predel and V. Gulich), articles and books by German researchers dedicated to the institute and the library, as well as Internet resources.The article highlights the main periods of B. Harms’ life path. The author analyzes the “Kiel” period of the economist’s life (1908—1933), when he managed to apply his organizational and leadership abilities to found, in addition to the Kiel Institute for Maritime Transport and World Economics, the subject fields library, the scientific archive, the periodical and the scientific club. The article reveals the activities of B. Harms, little known to Russian readers, as well as to the library specialists, on the transformation of reference library, created at the Seminary of Public Sciences of the Christian-Albrecht University in Kiel, into the independent specialized library for economic sciences, which over the years has become one of the largest in the world.

German National Library: thematic search for M. Dewey's classification

The article deals with the means of thematic search by library classification in the electronic catalog of the German National Library. It has been found that it is important to submit a classification system in the form of an interactive hierarchical thematic tree of knowledge that enables the user to limit their search to a specific topic area. The classification of the library with the electronic catalog has been expanded, which is an important factor in ensuring the completeness and accuracy of the thematic search, as well as the convenience and speed of functioning of the automated library search engine. An analysis of the thematic search tools in the electronic catalog of the German National Library by classification schemes and a complex of navigation and search tools of the information library system is carried out. It is emphasized that a necessary element of modern interlibrary communication is also the mandatory introduction into the system of thematic search of a national library of an international classification system, such as the M. Dewey classification. It has been found that providing relevant search results based on M. Dewey's Decimal Classification is the basis for enabling users to effectively use the resources collected in the online catalog of the German National Library.

The German National Library and the Covid-19 pandemic

As a library with books and other resources that can be used only onsite for copyright reasons, the German National Library faced special challenges caused by the coronavirus pandemic. The article describes how the German National Library has been answering to the new situation.

Trait resilience and mental health in older adults: A meta-analytic review.

This study aims to systematically review research on the association between resilience as a personality trait and mental health in older adults and to meta-analytically quantify this relation. We included studies assessing older adults (mean age 60years or older), measuring trait resilience with a version of the Resilience Scale (RS) by Wagnild and Young and mental health. We conducted a comprehensive search in Medline, Web of Science, PsycInfo, PubPsych, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Full Text database and the theses database of the German National Library for eligible studies. Study data on associations between resilience and mental health were aggregated using a random-effects model. Twenty-seven studies with 13444 participants were included. Trait resilience and mental health were strongly interrelated (r=0.40, 95% CI [0.36; 0.44]) with substantial heterogeneity (I2 =83%). Published studies revealed larger associations between resilience and mental health (r=0.41 [0.37; 0.45]) than unpublished studies (r=0.25 [0.11; 0.38]). Higher levels of resilience are associated with better mental health in older persons. Because associations were solely assessed cross-sectionally, longitudinal studies are highly needed to draw causal inferences. © 2020 The Authors Personality and Mental Health Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

A MEMORY INSTITUTION FOR THE DIGITAL AGE

The German National Library for Science and Technology (TIB) seizes the opportunity of an epochal change into the Digital Age, inter alia, by maintaining a prestigious research department covering the areas data science & digital libraries, visual analytics, scientific data management, knowledge infrastructures, learning & skill analytics, open science, and non-textual media. Without neglecting the original mission of collecting and curating literature for a widespread access to scientific information, TIB merges well-established processes with intelligent assistance tools. The Specialised Information Service for Mobility and Traffic Science (FID move) is one example of combining the mentioned research areas in order to build a user-centred subject-specific research infrastructure to support and shape tomorrow’s scientific work. We give a detailed introduction to the project’s action fields: web service platform, information supply with a focus on open access, strategy & structure for reusable research data, research community exchange & networking, communication strategies for the public & for scientists. Exemplary, we present the ongoing activities in building a comprehensive knowledge organisation system for e-mobility.

A supervised machine learning approach to trace doctorate recipients’ employment trajectories

Only scarce information is available on doctorate recipients’ career outcomes ( BuWiN, 2013 ). With the current information base, graduate students cannot make an informed decision on whether to start a doctorate or not ( Benderly, 2018 ; Blank et al., 2017 ). However, administrative labor market data, which could provide the necessary information, are incomplete in this respect. In this paper, we describe the record linkage of two data sets to close this information gap: data on doctorate recipients collected in the catalog of the German National Library (DNB), and the German labor market biographies (IEB) from the German Institute of Employment Research. We use a machine learning-based methodology, which (a) improves the record linkage of data sets without unique identifiers, and (b) evaluates the quality of the record linkage. The machine learning algorithms are trained on a synthetic training and evaluation data set. In an exemplary analysis, we compare the evolution of the employment status of female and male doctorate recipients in Germany.

Applying Google Trends web-analytic tool to study the German legal deposit copy system

The article «Applying Google Trends to study the German legal deposit copy system» discusses the use of web tools to investigate current library science problems. Using web-based statistical method the author searches the following issues: the dynamics of interest in the subject of a legal deposit copy from the date of adoption of the Law on the German National Library (2006) to nowadays; relations of the public interest peak changes in this topic to certain phenomena in the social and cultural life of Germany; the federal dimension of these issues when comparing interest to the topic in different regions of Germany; the public opinion on the popularity of legal copy among traditional and electronic sources. The article is divided into four parts. The first one sets the work objective and main tasks, gives a general description of the chosen research method. The second part deals with the process of creating a semantic dictionary; analyzes traditional and electronic sources of synonymic dictionaries. It describes the strengths of such an online language matching service as semager.de. The third part dissects a group of keywords related to the topic of a legal deposit copy along with the most interesting and problematic, from the point of the author’s view, additional keywords such as the German National Library, network publications, and disserta­tions. Using web statistical tools the paper shows that the most intense issues regarding the legal deposit, the problems of the German National Library and online publications were raised in the lands of West Germany. Developing the legal deposit copy system will go, first of all, through online publications, greater cooperation with academic and scholar libraries; open access of scientific data and publications related to dissertations and theses of West German lands’ universities. The fourth part presents main conclusions and substantiates the method significance for library and sociological research.

Spatial Planning and its Need for National and Regional Bibliographies of Grey Literature

National bibliographies provide interesting opportunities to search for new publications in specific scientific disciplines. This article gives an overview about the bibliographic potential of National Bibliographies in the German-speaking countries for spatial planning both in research and practice. Because grey literature plays an important role in technical disciplines, a national bibliography is a worthwhile source for information retrieval. Furthermore, this article includes a lightweight python-script to parse the bibliographic information from literature relevant to spatial planning and to measure the importance of grey literature using the SRU-API of the German National Library.

The Association Between Resilience and Mental Health in the Somatically Ill.

Resilience refers to an individual's positive adaptation to the experience of adversity. The maintenance of mental health is commonly considered a sign of successful coping with adverse conditions. The goal of the present meta-analysis was to investigate the association between resilience and mental health in patients with a somatic illness or health problem. Studies were included if they reported measures of association between resilience, as assessed using a version of Wagnild and Young's Resilience Scale, and self-reported mental health. A systematic literature search was conducted in the Medline, Web of Science, PsycInfo, PubPsych, and ProQuest databases and in the dissertation catalogue of the German National Library. In addition, a manual search was carried out. The study was registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42017054822). 55 studies involving a total of 15 003 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Assuming a random-effects model, the weighted mean Pearson correlation between resilience and mental health was r = 0.43 (95% confidence interval [0.39; 0.48], p<0.001). This association was robust, although the heterogeneity among individual effect sizes was substantial (I2 = 89.6%). Correlations tended to be weaker in unpublished studies than in published ones. Despite substantial heterogeneity across studies, the findings suggest a strong association between resilience and mental health in the somatically ill. In clinical practice, a lack of resilience as a resource for successful coping might indicate a need for psychosocial support during treatment for somatic illness.

The role of the German National Library for Life Sciences ZB MED in the approach to a FAIR Research Data Infrastructure in Agricultural Science embedded in the Life Sciences

The role of the German National Library for Life Sciences ZB MED in the approach to a FAIR Research Data Infrastructure in Agricultural Science embedded in the Life Sciences

14 Years of PID Services at the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB): Connected Frameworks, Research Data and Lessons Learned from a National Research Library Perspective

In an ideal research world, any scientific content should be citable and the coherent content, as well as the citation itself, should be persistent. However, today’s scientists do not only produce traditional research papers – they produce comprehensive digital resources and collections. TIB’s mission is to develop a supportive framework for a sustainable access to such digital content – focusing on areas of engineering as well as architecture, chemistry, information technology, mathematics and physics. The term digital content comprises all digitally available resources such as audiovisual media, databases, texts, images, spreadsheets, digital lab journals, multimedia, 3D objects, statistics and software code. In executing this mission, TIB provides services for the management of digital content during ongoing and for finished research. This includes: - a technical and administrative infrastructure for indexing, cataloguing, DOI registration and licensing for text and digital objects, namely the TIB DOI registration which is active since 2005, - the administration of the ORCID DE consortium, an institutional network fostering the adoption of ORCID across academic institutions in Germany, - training and consultancy for data management, complemented with a digital repository for the deposition and provision of accessible, traceable and citable research data (RADAR), - a Research and Development Department where innovative projects focus on the visualization and the sustainable access to digital information, and - the development of a supportive framework within the German research data community which accompanies the life cycle of scientific knowledge generation and transfer. Its goal is to harmonize (meta)data display and exchange primarily on a national level (LEIBNIZ DATA project).

Performing Entity Facts

In a theatre play, persons appear as playwright, director, actors, etc. The play may have several performances with changing casts while actors may contribute to other plays and the role of a contributor may vary. Persons and the character of their contribution are a major focus in the performing arts domain. In order to create a domain specific and comprehensive research portal, current indexing techniques are combined with linked data methods giving access to person related information. The Specialised Information Service Performing Arts aggregates numerous metadata sources documenting the holdings of German-speaking cultural heritage institutions. This information source is extended by links to the recently established service Entity Facts by the German National Library that provides details to the persons related to the metadata records. The portal is based on the VuFind framework with index files that cover the metadata of all data providers and the cached data of all related authority records from Entity Facts. In order to achieve this, the standard model of VuFind MARC21 has been replaced by the Europeana model EDM. This allows for modeling all data – metadata and authority data – following linked data principles. While the respective mappings could be re-used new record drivers and indexing rules had to be defined.

Removable functional appliances effective in patients with Class II malocclusions.

Medline (Pubmed), Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Evidence-based Medicine, Scopus, LILACS database, Ovid database, Bibliografia Brasileira de Odontolgogia, Bandolier, Atypon Link, African Journals Online, ProQuest, Conference Paper Index, German National Library of Medicine, metaRegister of Controlled Trials. Randomised Controlled Trials (RCT) or prospective Controlled Clinical Trials (pCCT) in patients with Class II malocclusions that compared at least one removable functional appliance (RFA) with a non-intervention control. Primary outcomes were angular measurements of skeletal, dental and soft tissue changes as measured by lateral cephalographs. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias. A third author assessed bias across studies. Pooling of data was done if similar control groups were used and if the same angular cephalometric measurements were reported. A random-effects model was used to analyse pooled estimates and results were expressed as mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The extent and impact of heterogeneity was assessed. Data were pooled from seventeen studies (seven RCTs and ten pCCT) involving 1031 patients with a mean age of 10.6 years. Most of the RCTs were associated with high risk of bias while most of the pCCTs were without serious methodological limitations. RFA treatment in Class II malocclusions was shown to have a statistically significant short-term effect on skeletal, dental and soft tissue relationships when compared to untreated controls. There is a minimal reduction of SNA (MD=-0.26 degree/year, 95% CI=-0.44 to -0.12 degree/year), minimal increase of SNB (MD=0.62 degree/year, 95% CI=0.36 to 0.88 degree/year) and a small decrease in ANB (MD= -1.14degree/year, 95% CI=-1.52 to 0.77 degree/year). Maxillary incisors were significantly retroclined (1s-NL=-6.33 degree/year) while mandibular incisors were proclined (1i-ML=1.37 degree/year). Soft tissue cephalometric variables were significantly affected with mentolabial angle showing the biggest effect size (MD=22.6 degree/year; 95% CI = 18.31to 26.9 degree/year). Evidence indicates that RFAs are effective in improving Class II malocclusions in the short term. While the skeletal changes are minimal, significant dentoalveolar retroclination of maxillary incisors and proclination of mandibular incisors and soft tissue changes occurred with RFAs.