Geothermal Drilling Research Articles

Comparison of Rotary and Linear Cutting Methodology in Determining Specific Cutting Energy of Granite

Abstract Single polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutting is a practical technique to understand the rock–tool interactions in drag-bit-type geothermal drilling operations. This paper introduces a rotary cutting method to determine specific cutting energy (SCE) and compares it with the conventional linear cutting method. In this work, granite is selected to represent hard rock formations in geothermal drilling. Cutting tests are conducted on a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine with a realistic cutting speed of 12.7 m/min and several chip loads ranging from 0.08 to 0.25 mm. The cutting force is measured using a dynamometer and then converted to specific cutting energy (SCE). The results show that the rotary method produces an inverse relationship between SCE and chip load, whereas the linear method shows the opposite. As a result, the produced SCE by the rotary method tends to be lower than that of the linear method at a higher chip load at and over 0.16 mm. The difference may be attributed to the cutting configuration and associated force components.

Arc plasma ablation of quartz crystals

Spherical quartz stones of around 1 cm in diameter have been exposed to anodic arc discharges in a helium atmosphere at 300 Torr. The arc current flowing between the graphite electrodes was set either in continuous DC mode (30–150 A) or in pulsed mode at 2 Hz (220 A peak). The ablation rate in each sample was systematically measured after several seconds of arc plasma treatment. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) diagnostics and 2D fluid simulations of the arc discharge have shed light on the heat flux transport and the heating mechanisms of the quartz crystals. A linear correlation is found between the absorbed power density and the resulting rate of penetration, which yields a maximal value of 15 cm h−1 for approximately 150 W cm−2. The linear fit on the slope provides a specific energy of 40 kJ cm−3. The incident energy flux onto the sample surface promoted a phase transition from crystalline to glassy silica, as characterized via Raman spectroscopy. This study points out the strong potential of arc plasma technology for geothermal drilling applications.

PIV investigation of high Reynolds number submerged water jets at high-pressure ambient conditions

High-pressure water jets bear a great technological potential to enhance geothermal deep drilling. Compared to existing water cutting technologies, significantly different operation conditions are encountered under deep-drilling conditions, such as high ambient pressures. The fundamental fluid mechanics are significantly affected by those operation conditions. In this work we examine the influence of increasing ambient pressure of up to 12.0 MPa on the water jet characteristics under submerged drilling conditions. PIV measurements of the jet flow field at changing cavitation numbers reveal two characteristic regimes, which are distinguished by a critical cavitation number. In the cavitating regime, the jet decays considerably faster with increasing distance to the nozzle than in the non-cavitating regime. In addition to that, an increasing cavitation intensity shortens the potential core length of the water jet and increases the jet spreading angle and with this has a similar effect on the jet as increasing turbulence intensity in single-phase flows. Related to the decreasing kinetic energy of the jet in the cavitating regime, the resulting impact force of the water jet on the specimen surface decreases with increasing cavitation intensity. Our investigations indicate that a technology transfer from water jet cutting to submerged jet drilling requires adjustments of both nozzle geometries and jet operation conditions.Graphic abstract

Will This Be the Decade of Full Digital Twins for Well Construction?

The time needed to eliminate complications and accidents accounts for 20–25% of total well construction time, according to a 2020 SPE paper (SPE 200740). The same paper notes that digital twins have proven to be a key enabler in improving sustainability during well construction, shrinking the carbon footprint by reducing overall drilling time and encouraging and bringing confidence to contactless advisory and collaboration. The paper also points out the potential application of digital twins to activities such as geothermal drilling. Advanced data analytics and machine learning (ML) potentially can reduce engineering hours up to 70% during field development, according to Boston Consulting Group. Increased field automation, remote operations, sensor costs, digital twins, machine learning, and improved computational speed are responsible. It is no surprise, then, that digital twins are taking on a greater sense of urgency for operators, service companies, and drilling contractors working to improve asset and enterprise safety, productivity, and performance management. For 2021, digital twins appear among the oil and gas industry’s top 10 digital spending priorities. DNV GL said in its Technology Outlook 2030 that this could be the decade when cloud computing and advanced simulation see virtual system testing, virtual/augmented reality, and machine learning progressively merge into full digital twins that combine data analytics, real-time, and near-real-time data for installations, subsurface geology, and reservoirs to bring about significant advancements in upstream asset performance, safety, and profitability. The biggest challenges to these advancements, according to the firm, will be establishing confidence in the data and computational models that a digital twin uses and user organizations’ readiness to work with and evolve alongside the digital twin. JPT looked at publications from inside and outside the upstream industry and at several recent SPE papers to get a snapshot of where the industry stands regarding uptake of digital twins in well construction and how the technology is affecting operations and outcomes. Why Digital Twins Gartner Information defines a digital twin as a digital representation of a real-world entity or system. “The implementation of a digital twin,” Gartner writes, “is an encapsulated software object or model that mirrors a unique physical object, process, organization, person or other abstraction.” Data from multiple digital twins can be aggregated for a composite view across several real-world entities and their related processes. In upstream oil and gas, digital twins focus on the well—and, ultimately, the field—and its lifecycle. Unlike a digital simulation, which produces scenarios based on what could happen in the physical world but whose scenarios may not be actionable, a digital twin represents actual events from the physical world, making it possible to visualize and understand real-life scenarios to make better decisions. Digital well construction twins can pertain to single assets or processes and to the reservoir/subsurface or the surface. Ultimately, when process and asset sub-twins are connected, the result is an integrated digital twin of the entire asset or well. Massive sensor technology and the ability to store and handle huge amounts of data from the asset will enable the full digital twin to age throughout the life-cycle of the asset, along with the asset itself (Fig. 1).

Corrosion Analysis On Internal Plastic Coating Drill Pipe 5 Inch 19.50 PPF Grade G-105

In the oil, gas and geothermal drilling industry, the use of a drill pipe is vital for its use as an addition to the length of the drilling depth. Another function of the drill pipe is to channel high pressure drilling mud (drilling fluid / fluid) to the drill bit. During the drill pipe operation, several problems were encountered, such as broken, bent, and leaking or wash-out drill pipes. This is very detrimental to the company because the time to replace a new drill pipe will take a long time, and will disrupt the drilling program which will result in high drilling operational costs. This study analyzes the corrosion of the drill pipe which can cause damage to the drill pipe. The analysis on the drill pipe includes analysis of thickness, corrosion rate, remaining life, internal plastic coating damage, and SEM. The results show that the storage and use of drill pipes greatly affect the conductivity of the drill pipe.

Maintenance Impact on Geothermal Drilling Operations. A Case Study Approach

This paper develops a simulation-based model to derive critical maintenance parameters towards optimizing a deep drilling rig availability and maintenance costs. Full factorial analysis is performed to derive the effects and interactions of the derived parameters, based on which ones with a significant effect on the availability and maintenance cost are selected. The case study based model incorporates maintenance, spares and workforce strategies for a geothermal drilling rig. The results offer essential maintenance decision support to both the management and maintenance team of the company and have the potential of further offering insights that eventually reduce the cost of drilling.

Ngebel Sumber Kabuyutan: The Reflection of Human and Natural Harmony Through Serat Centhini

In 2019, the issue of the impact of the PLTP construction in Ngebel Ponorogo was widely discussed. Reduced groundwater supply is one of the inherent impacts of geothermal drilling activities. In line with the mandate of Law no. 5 of 2017 concerning the Advancement of Culture implies old manuscripts/texts as one of the objects of cultural advancement, attention to Ngebel's ecological issues reminds us of early 19th century Javanese literary work entitled Serat Centhini. In Serat Centhini Volume VII pupuh 394. Wirangrong, pada 18 to pupuh 398. Gambuh pada 38 narrative records of various ecological wealth in Ngebel, as well as various water resources and syncretism rites of respect for natural resources which can be categorized as mystical-ecological. The discussion of narrative discourse through Serat Centhini is presented as a reflection of Ngebel Ponorogo ecological richness and the harmonization of humans and nature. Given the imagination during the Covid-19 pandemic, nature has again become the focus of human attention. Thus, the imagination of Ngebel's ecological wealth in the past emerged for consideration of Ngebel's environmental sustainability for the construction of PLTP (Geothermal Power Plant) and in general as an imagination of the harmonization of humans and nature.

Designing Liquid-Gas Rate Window of Aerated Drilling Using Guo-Ghalambor Method

Loss circulation is a common problem in geothermal drilling due to naturally fractured formation and depleted reservoir pressure. This problem might lead to another problem such as a stuck pipe. In some cases, LCM is not effective in curing loss in a naturally fractured formation and cannot be used to cure loss circulation in the production zone. One of the methods that can be used to prevent loss circulation and also preventing reservoir damage in geothermal drilling is underbalanced drilling or aerated drilling. In an underbalanced or aerated drilling operation, the ratio of air injection rate ad liquid rate is critical to ensure the cutting carrying capacity while preventing hole problems. Usually, computer simulations are used to determine the safe gas-liquid rate limit due to the complexity of the multiphase flow in an underbalanced drilling system. Since the simulation software is not always available, a simpler and reliable method is needed to determine the gas-liquid rate limit in aerated drilling. the purpose of this paper is to design the operating window of the gas-liquid rate ratio in aerated drilling. the purpose of this paper is to design the operating window of gas-liquid rate ratio in aerated drilling using a simple yet reliable method such as the Guo-Ghalambor Liquid-Gas Rate Window method. The result of this research is a gas-liquid rate envelope that can be used to promote good cutting transport, preventing formation and borehole damaged while preventing loss circulation in geothermal well.

Failure analysis of geothermal perforated casing tubing in H2S and O2 containing environment

A failure incident occurred on perforated casing tubing for geothermal wells. The damage happened during the drilling process by an air drilling technique after eleven days from the installation. Even though air drilling is a common method for geothermal drilling, this incident showed a lesson to learn to prevent a similar accident in the future. Failure analysis based on the laboratory and field observation was done to get the failure incident's root cause. The visual identification result showed a severe depletion and cracks in the tubing at a depth of 1,450–1,500 m. Optical emission spectroscopy and the tensile test showed materials appropriateness to the specifications. The corrosion attacked from the outer side of the tube. This tubing was exposed to an environment with significant H2S, CO2, water steam, and oxygen from the air drilling process. The results of X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) showed FeS and Fe3O4 in the corrosion product. Both of the scale formed as a different layer, where the FeS is formed below the Fe3O4 layer. The energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) results revealed that each tubing's sulfur content gets an increase in the deeper location. The gas sampling result showed that H2S gas is more dominant than CO2 gas, which showed the sour service condition. Corrosion rate calculation modeling was also performed based on the environment parameter; the result is lower than the real cases. The oxygen from air drilling also accelerates the corrosion rate as it acted as an oxidizing agent in the process. Free sulfur is possibly formed, which is possibly transformed into sulfuric acid. This study showed the lesson learn about the deadly combination of sulfur, oxygen, H2S, and CO2, making a severe corrosion rate in the perforated tubing

Corrosion Analysis of Oil Drilling Pipes On Mobile RIG 42.3 N1500 E In Prabumulih

In the oil, gas, and geothermal drilling industry, the use of drill pipe is very important to increase the length of the drilling depth. Problems that are often encountered in drilling pipes such as broken, bent, and leaking drilling pipes, one of which is caused by corrosion. Corrosion is the degradation of materials (usually metals) due to the electrochemical reaction of these materials with their environment. This study uses a specimen of carbon steel pipe type G105 where this pipe is used in field drilling. From the results of research on the corrosion rate test, the corrosion rate value is obtained in mm / month. This study took the first drill pipe sample starting from May 2018 to October 2019 with the same sample code with a sample size of 69 pipes. Based on the research results, the largest corrosion rate value in the drilling pipe from May 2018 to October 2019 is 0.12 mm / month. In the research, the smallest remaining life of the drilling pipe is 6.2 months. Of the 69 drilling pipes studied, there were 11 drilling pipe samples that had decreased quality to class 2. Based on the results of Scanning Electron Microscopy photos, the condition of the pipe surface morphology after corrosion and there was surface damage after corrosion.

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH STYROFOAM SEBAGAI LOSS CIRCULATION MATERIAL PADA LUMPUR PEMBORAN PANAS BUMI

Lumpur pemboran merupakan faktor penting dalam operasi pemboran. Lumpur pemboran dapat berfungsi dengan baik, apabila lumpur selalu dikontrol sifat-sifat fisiknya. Penelitian ini, memanfaatkan limbah Styrofoam yang digunakan sebagai aditif dalam lumpur pemboran pada pemboran panas bumi untuk mengatasi Loss Circulation. Sifat fisik lumpur yang digunakan sebagai pengontrol untuk mengatasi loss circulation meliputi berat jenis (densitas), viscositas, filtration loss. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuktikan limbah styrofoam yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai Loss Circulation Material. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian sesuai dengan Standar American Petroleum Institute API 13A. Sampel yang digunakan pada pengujian menggunakan empat sampel lumpur bor dan tiga kali pengukuran. Sampel 1 lumpur pemboran tanpa aditif, sampel kedua lumpur pemboran plus aditif 1 gram Styrofoam, sampel kedua lumpur pemboran plus aditif 2 gram styrofoam sampel kedua lumpur pemboran plus aditif 3 gram styrofoam Bahan-bahan yang digunakan antara lain aquadest, bentonite dan limbah styrofoam yang dihaluskan. Hasil penambahan styrofoam tiga gram didapatkan nilai densitas 8.63 ppg, mud cake bernilai 1,254 mm, volume filtrate 13 ml per tiga puluh menit dengan pH 9 dan memenuhi standar API., penambahan limbah styrofoam menurunkan densitas dan menambah ketebalan mud cake sehingga limbah styrofoam dapat digunakan sebagai loss circulation material pada pemboran panas bumiKata kunci: Limbah styrofoam, lumpur pemboran, loss circulation material, panas bumi

Pentingnya Manajemen Data Pengeboran Untuk Meningkatkan Operasi Pengeboran Panas Bumi

Drilling is one of the major cost components in geothermal exploration and development. Effective and cost-efficient drilling significantly contribute to the success of geothermal development. Key factors in reducing drilling costs are optimising operations, utilising manpower to its fullest potential, and also benchmarking with other drilling activities to evaluate one’s performance objectively. This is possible if the information regarding the previous drilling activities is stored and easily gathered and analysed before making plans for the drilling campaign. The importance of drilling data analysis and drilling data management have been a subject of study and discussion since the 1980s, but it is still not that common in geothermal drilling, especially in Indonesia. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the definition and examples of drilling data management in a more well-established industry such as oil and gas from various studies in the past, assess the advantages of having a proper drilling database or data management system, and how can the data be used for potentially improving future drilling operation. A case study of converting legacy data from previous drilling campaign of two geothermal fields in Java into a database is also discussed to demonstrate how legacy drilling data can be used to evaluate drilling performance.

Evaluation of Aerated Drilling in K-01 Geothermal Well using Guo Ghalambor’s Gas-Liquid Rate Window

Common problem in geothermal drilling is loss circulation problem. One of the common methods to cure loss circulation problem is using Lost Circulation Materials (LCM), but in the production zone, using LCM can damage the production zone. Therefore, underbalanced drilling is method that can be used to prevent loss circulation problems in production zone in geothermal well. One of the most common underbalanced drilling methods is aerated drilling or foam drilling. Aerated drilling was used to overcome the loss of circulation problem in production zone in K-01 Geothermal Well. Even though, the aerated drilling was already used, but the loss circulation problem was still occurred. The purpose of this research is to evaluate aerated drilling operation in K-01 Well using Guo Ghalambor’s Gas-Liquid Rate Window and make recommended gas-liquid rate for the next drilling operation. Gas-Liquid Rate Window is constructed using characteristic of the formation, drilling parameters, daily drilling report and also fluid injection characteristics that was used for aerated drilling operation in K-01 geothermal well. Using the constructed Gas-Liquid Rate Window, an evaluation is carried out for the drilling operation in K-01 geothermal well. The gas-liquid rate parameters used in aerated drilling operations is evaluated while checking the loss circulation event from the mud logging data. After the evaluation of the aerated drilling is carried out in then a suggestion is made for the next drilling operation. Based on the evaluation, the combination of gas-liquid rates that was used on the 9.875"hole section in K-01 Well was in the outside of the constructed GLRW therefore loss circulation problem occurred. The recommended gas-liquid rate combination from this research can be used to determine the gas-liquid rate combination to prevent loss circulation problems, wellbore damage and cutting transport problems.

Technology Focus: Horizontal and Extended-Reach Wells (November 2020)

This year obviously has seen tremendous changes in our industry. No one could have anticipated the pandemic that has drastically reduced oil and gas demand globally. What is almost certain is that this pandemic has triggered an acceleration of the digitalization and automation of the industry, a probable transformation of our work environment, and a possible quicker transition toward cleaner energy. If drilling an oil well still requires the physical presence of a crew, the drilling industry surprised itself at seeing that drilling activity could be operated and supported remotely and efficiently from home. More and more wells are already drilled with different levels of automation that produce fantastic and consistent performance. It is probably just the beginning. We are only now digesting the tremendous amount of surface and downhole data available in nearly real time using machine learning or physical-based models to then feed the control systems to command the machines. Our understanding of drilling with better software, instrumentation, machines, computer vision, downhole tools, and robots will continue improving the economics of horizontal wells, and the trend is set to continue. This is good news for the geothermal market, which will benefit from these overall improvements in horizontal drilling. Even though geothermal drilling in hard and hot rock is not new, with the push toward cleaner and renewable energy, many projects and studies already have begun to produce geothermal energy from oil and gas horizontal gas wells using the hot water coproduced during oil and gas production. Instead of simply reinjecting the fluids into the ground, why not extract the heat from them? Even though fluid volume and temperature require a given threshold to be economical, advances in energy-conversion systems make the approach commercially viable. Other projects consist of economically drilling multiple horizontal wells several kilometers below the surface connected by two vertical wells, circulating a geothermal fluid in a sealed pipe and creating a closed-loop system to generate large scale electricity or heat for homes or industries. There is a good opportunity for the drilling industry to leverage its technologies and processes initially developed for horizontal oil and gas wells to tap geothermal resources economically and at large scale.

The Cretaceous stratigraphy, Songliao Basin, Northeast China: Constrains from drillings and geophysics

Abstract The Cretaceous nonmarine sedimentary strata are widespread in Songliao Basin, Northeast China. As the largest oil producer in China, an abundance of data has been generated by the petroleum industry, including sedimentology, seismology, geochemistry, and geochronology in the Songliao Basin. This article reviews the achievements in China Cretaceous Continental Scientific Drilling SK and presents the new results of the China Continental Geothermal Drilling SR1 in stratigraphy and geophysics. The results allow us to establish the relationships among SK-1, SK-2, and SR1, provide some constrains on the tectonic setting of Songliao Basin, and interpret the sedimentary facies and environmental evolution. After stratigraphic correlation of SK and SR boreholes, the result indicates that the geological boundary between the late Cretaceous Mingshui formation and the Paleogene Yi’an formation is at the depth of 115 m. The magnetotelluric sounding anomaly areas are corresponding with the unconformities, which are equivalent to seismic horizon T03, T1, T2, and T3, respectively. In addition, the typical “steer’s-head” geometry in the magnetotellurics indicates that the SLB has experienced five evolution stages.

Simulating Fracture Sealing by Granular LCM Particles in Geothermal Drilling

Lost circulation occurs when the returned fluid is less than what is pumped into the well due to loss of fluid to pores or fractures. A lost-circulation event is a common occurrence in a geothermal well. Typical geothermal reservoirs are often under-pressured and have larger fracture apertures. A severe lost-circulation event is costly and may lead to stuck pipe, well instability, and well abandonment. One typical treatment is adding lost-circulation materials (LCMs) to seal fractures. Conventional LCMs fail to properly seal fractures because their mechanical limit is exceeded at elevated temperatures. In this paper, parametric studies in numerical simulations are conducted to better understand different thermal effects on the sealing mechanisms of LCMs. The computational fluid dynamics (CFDs) and the discrete element method (DEM) are coupled to accurately capture the true physics of sealing by granular materials. Due to computational limits, the traditional Eulerian–Eulerian approach treats solid particles as a group of continuum matter. With the advance of modern computational power, particle bridging is achievable with DEM to track individual particles by modeling their interactive forces between each other. Particle–fluid interactions can be modeled by coupling CFD algorithms. Fracture sealing capability is investigated by studying the effect of four individual properties including fluid viscosity, particle size, friction coefficient, and Young’s modulus. It is found that thermally degraded properties lead to inefficient fracture sealing.

Loss circulation prevention in geothermal drilling by shape memory polymer

Geothermal formations are naturally fractured with large fracture openings and networks. This can often lead to frequent drilling fluid loss events which is a major contributor to the cost and non-productive time in geothermal drilling. Development of smarter technologies and methods to tackle problem lost circulation is vital for geothermal drilling cost reduction required for geothermal energy to be recognized as a competitive alternative energy source. Mitigation of this problem and other drilling problems such as stuck pipe can minimize overall project cost.In this paper, a thermoset shape memory polymer that can be activated by formation natural heat was assessed to seal near wellbore fractures in geothermal wells. The performance of the shape memory polymer (SMP) was evaluated using artificial fractures created in aluminum discs and cylindrical granite cores. Rheology and particle size distribution were considered. A novel testing setup was built for this work, which allows testing of sealing efficiency under dynamic conditions at high temperature. Analysis showed that the SMP has efficiently succeeded in forming a strong plug inside the fractures and stopped fluid loss at high sealing pressure. This smart loss circulation material can expand within the fractures to reduces non-drilling time and strengthen the wellbore in high-temperature drilling operations.

Influence of water-based drilling fluids on the performance of the fluidic down-the-hole hammer

Fluidic down-the-hole (DTH) hammer is a recently explored percussion drilling tool for the production of boreholes in hard rock. It has been proven efficient for exploration core drilling, geothermal drilling, and oil and gas drilling. Previous studies of this hammer have concentrated on its performance operating with clear water rather than water-based drilling fluids with additives. As the first step to filling the gap of knowledge in this area, this study was designed to explore only the performance of an SC86–H fluidic DTH hammer driven by water-based drilling fluids with various temperatures and different contents of bentonite and barite. Such performance was characterized in terms of output power, motion characteristic and operating pressure drop, and compared with that driven by water. The results showed that the output power of the SC86–H type hammer driven by drilling fluids with bentonite content <3% was better than that driven by water thanks to the lubrication effect in the fit clearance, whereas with bentonite content ≥3%, its output power was in the range or below that driven by water due to the elevation of the hydraulic losses and the frictional drag. Its operating pressure drop is only insignificantly influenced by the bentonite content. As the weighting agents in the drilling fluids, the barite particles impeded the smooth motion of the piston. However, the increased impact energy and output power can entirely offset the disadvantage mentioned above. Temperature affects the performance of the SC86–H type hammer by influencing the viscosity and density of the drilling fluids. Some optimal schemes are suggested for the rational design and application of the fluidic DTH hammer in practice. In summary, the SC86–H type hammer operated well in the drilling fluids with realistic fluid power levels. It means that the fluidic DTH hammer has good adaptation and robustness, which is favorable to practical application.

Towards an innovative lubricant condition monitoring strategy for maintenance of ageing multi-unit systems.

The high acquisition cost retained by replacement of ageing and deteriorating assets triggers operational life-extension for the systems. Subsequently, ageing effects like compromised performance and wear are introduced, adversely affecting system economics and performance. An integrated maintenance and spares strategy incorporating lubricant condition monitoring (LCM) under condition-based maintenance (CBM), corrective maintenance (CM) and preventive maintenance (PM) is proposed, to mitigate the ageing effect challenges. The study considers the lubricant not only as a monitored item, but as a spare like other repairable units, similarly deteriorating, and retaining different maintenance interventions. We link the lubricant degradation (iron and viscosity oil properties) and repairable units’ degradation and performance, by integrating rate-state interactions with imperfect maintenance to derive stochastic dependencies in the degradation model. The applicability of the proposed discrete event simulation model is illustrated for a geothermal drilling rig, whose performance (maintenance cost and lubricant volume) are derived. Results demonstrate system performance dependency on PM intervals and CM strategies for both the lubricant and the repairable units. The significance of LCM policy to maintenance and system performance is substantiated. The developed framework has widespread use in real-life and broader applications that include LCM in deriving maintenance decision support.

The Effect of Thixotropic Additive on the Properties of the G Class Cement

In oil, gas, and geothermal drilling activities, the casing cementing process is always carried out in order to fulfill its function properly and safely. Therefore, everything that supports these activities must be carefully thought out. Before the actual cementing process is applied in the oil, gas, and geothermal field, laboratory-scale simulation must first be carried out by conducting experiments and testing several formulations of cement, water mixture, and additives to be used. The author chooses thixotropic additives, besides functioning as an accelerator, thixotropic can also strengthen the cement itself. With a number of experiments, an optimal cement slurry composition formulation will be obtained, in the sense that by using as few additives as possible, the requirements of the physical characteristics will meet the required standards for conditions (temperature and pressure) of the formation in the well to be cemented. All cementing activities are expected to run well, smoothly, and on time.