Geospatial Information Technology Research Articles

Natural Disasters’ Impact on Water Quality and Public Health: A Case Study of the Cyclonic Season (2019–2023)

The impact of climate change has made weather events more extreme, unpredictable and frequent. In the last 4 years, Mozambique has been devastated by 8 major cyclones, resulting in material and human damage and affecting the functioning of basic local services, such as in the water and health sectors. In this study, we explored the environmental components of the climate–water quality–disease relationship that could drive the dynamics of waterborne diseases. Statistical models and geospatial information technologies (GITs) were used to analyse water quality and the relationship with waterborne diseases between 2016 and 2023. Results indicate that water quality is the main element, between precipitation natural disasters and waterborne diseases, on which a relevant public health intervention can act to ameliorate the future negative impacts of climate change and disease incidence. The results of this study also showed that the quality of water affected mainly by heavy rain events varies in different regions and in different seasons.

Delineation of Soil Management Zones and Validation through the Vigour of a Fodder Crop

In Mediterranean farming systems, the semi-arid conditions and agricultural ecosystems have made site-specific management an important approach. This method aims to understand and handle the variability of soil properties and crop management, particularly through the utilization of geospatial information and accessible technology. Over three years in a 30 ha experimental field located in the Alentejo region (Portugal), crop establishment was monitored using data from soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa), remote sensing (Sentinel-2), and in situ soil sampling. The procedure began with Step 1, involving the acquisition of soil spatial information and spatial interpolation. Subsequently, in Step 2, management zones (MZs) for soil characteristics were delineated using a combination of ECa measurements and soil analysis, and Step 3 spanned over three years of gathering meteorological data and crop remote sensing measurements. In Step 4, site-specific crop MZs were delineated by vegetation indexes (VIs). This article aims to increase the importance of in situ and remote assessments to more accurately identify areas with different productive potential. Results showed three MZs based on the percentage of sand, ECa, altimetry, exchangeable calcium, and exchangeable calcium properties, validated by crop VIs (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Red-Edge Index (NDRE), and Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI)) over time. Although there are many sensorial techniques available for site-specific management, this paper emphasizes a methodology for the farmer to identify different MZs combining remote and in situ evaluations, supporting new opportunities for a more rational use of natural resources. Based on soil parameters, three site-specific management areas could be selected. NDMI was the index that best explained the MZs created according to soil properties.

Model of WebGIS Based Sustainable Smart Land Use for Merauke Regency South Papua

This Smart and sustainable land use is the key to answering development challenges in the modern era. In the context of Merauke Regency, South Papua, rapid economic growth and significant environmental changes demand an integrated approach to managing land use. This research presents an innovative WebGIS-based model that combines geospatial information technology with land use analysis to provide sustainable solutions. Through the integration of spatial data, predictive analysis and stakeholder participation, this model enables stakeholders to explore alternative land use scenarios and evaluate their environmental, economic and societal impacts. The performance evaluation stage of the model shows its ability to accurately represent existing land use patterns. Validation with actual land use data confirms the ability of the model to reproduce the distribution of agricultural areas and protected forest areas. Furthermore, the evaluation of the environmental impact of the model results indicates that the model is capable of predicting the environmental impact of alternative land use scenarios. Consultation sessions with stakeholders proved the importance of their participation in the validation and adaptation of sustainable solutions. The results of this study indicate that WebGIS-based Smart Land Use model has great potential in assisting sustainable planning and decision-making in Merauke Regency. However, further validation and improvement of the model is needed to strengthen its accuracy and validity. This research provides valuable insights on the integration of geospatial information technology in sustainable development and provides guidance for the development of similar models in other regions.

Urban Flooding Vulnerability Analysis Using Weighted Linear Method With Geospatial Information System

This study was carried out to investigate the causative factors responsible for flooding in Etsako east, Nigeria. The study applied weighted linear method and geospatial information technology to obtain relevant data which were subjected to analysis. Sentinel 2 imagery of the area was downloaded from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) website and analyzed to produced digital elevation model, rainfall distribution, soil texture classification, topographic wetness index (TWI), hillside slope, land use/cover contour and slope maps of the area. Saaty weighted scale (1 – 5) was used to assign importance to the factors selected. The results presented using relevant maps revealed that, TWI (14%), precipitation (14%), distance to river (12%), elevation (11%) and slope (10%) are the major factors responsible for flooding in the area. Using built up areas only (46.57 km2 ); 38.6% of it is within the risk range of High to very High flood vulnerability, moderate vulnerability zone (17.97 km2 ) occupied 27.28%. Low vulnerability zone occupied 22.05%,(10.27 km2 ) while no vulnerability zone occupied 12.05% (5.61 km2). Communities in the high flood vulnerable region includes Iddo, Iyukwe, Iyogeh, Imiegb and Opepwe; flood control measures and early warning systems should be developed to mitigate the impact of flooding in the area.

Resilience-Based Adaptation in Data Scarce Areas: Flood Risk Assessment Using Geodesign in the Tohono O’odham Nation

Geospatial data, analytics, and visualizations are critical decision-making resources for building community resilience. However, many communities are unable to collect and use this data. This study evaluates how a Geodesign planning approach using qualitative, statistical, and spatial analysis empowered a data-scarce American Indian community to create a flood-resilient community-based land-use plan. Geodesign is a stakeholder-engaged planning approach integrating geospatial analysis, information technology, visualization, and design strategies for complex problem-solving. Results show that Geodesign enables data-scarce communities to combine local knowledge and scientific modeling, merge the strengths of each knowledge source, and support resilience and community-based land-use planning.

Geospatial Information Technology Systems And Revenue Collection: The Case of Ilala City Council And Kinondoni Municipal Council

This study investigated the influence of critical success factors in boosting the performance of geospatial information technology systems (GITSs) in local government authorities. Data for was collected using a questionnaire involving business centres. Analysis was done using inferential statistics to analyse both primary and secondary data. The study employed a quantitative analysis approach, which was supported by two related concepts of diffusion of innovation and institutional theories: the technological, organizational, and environmental framework, and the technology acceptance model. The model was used to describe user perceptions, and actual geospatial information technology systems utilization, to acquire the perceptions of local government authorities, users and business license taxpayers. The study results revealed that technological, organizational and individual support are significant factors for enhancing geospatial information technology systems performance in local government authorities revenue collection, but their ranking is in the order T,O,P,S,E,I. The significance of this study is that it provides a credible approach, based on sound principles, for determining the most important factors that influence the performance of the applications of geospatial information technology systems within local government authorities.

PROVINCIAL SUPERVISION EXPLORATION OF HISTORIC CITIES, TOWNS AND VILLAGES IN CHINA BASED ON DEEP LEARNING AND GIS – TAKE ZHEJIANG PROVINCE AS AN EXAMPLE

Abstract. At present, China is building a historic heritage conservation and management system from upper to lower level. Therefore, as the middle level, provincial level is becoming increasingly important in the management of famous towns and villages. However, due to the excessive quantities of resources, the lagging management skills and other influential factors, the provincial competent authorities still face a series of difficulties in implementing the conservation and management of historic cities, towns and villages. Focusing on the regulatory issues faced by provincial competent authorities, this study combined geospatial information technology with deep learning technology to explore the intelligent auxiliary identification of traditional texture for historic settlements and the provincial planning guidance method based on GIS evaluation. This paper put forward technical optimization suggestions for the stages of declaration and identification, conservation planning, supervision and inspection in provincial conservation and management. The intervention of new technologies provides a reference for provincial competent authorities in enhance conservation and regulatory capacity, and dealing with the situation of "having laws but lacking technology, and difficult to implement".

Technological, Organizational and Supporting Factors Influencing Geospatial Information Technology Systems in Tanzania

The study sought to examine the technological, organizational and supporting factors influencing Geospatial Information Technology Systems in Ilala and Kinondoni Councils. This study used quantitative approach and case study design was used as research design. Simple random sampling method was used in this research to guarantee fair representation and widespread results for the general population. Primary data for this research was collected using a questionnaire involving taxpayers. Data analysis was done using inferential statistics for the statistical data with the aid of SPSS version 26. Data was analyzed and presented in tables and figures. The study revealed that, technological factors, organizational factors, and support factors, have a positive relationship with GITS Performance. The model constructed in this study showed that Technological Factors, Organizational Factors, and Support Factors, (TOS) account for 94.6% of the GITS Performance. Therefore, TOS (Technological Factors, Organizational Factors, and Support Factors) might be employed to make better use of the GITSs that have been put in place to increase revenue collection in Tanzanian local government authorities. Future studies should take into account all other kinds of own sources of revenue that are gathered utilizing the GITS as this research only looked at the business license as the primary OSR to analyze factors affecting the GITS performance. In order to facilitate effective data collection, storage, and sharing, regular data updates, and system integration among LGA systems and other stakeholders, the study advises LGAs to develop, introduce, operationalize, and update policies, rules, and procedures that govern GITS's applications in revenue collection.

Pelatihan dan Pendampingan Informasi Geospasial Berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG) dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru Geografi

The rapid development of GIS geospatial information technology demands proficiency from geography teachers, but teachers tend to have minimal knowledge of the technology, and even the impression that teaching and learning activities are not being used optimally. I have. GIS geospatial information technology is very useful in describing environmental problems, metropolitan areas, floods, and various activities to establish trends, determine best locations, and identify patterns and models. The purpose of this activity is the enhancement and application of geographic information technology based on geographic information systems for geography teachers in the form of training and instruction, including data entry, management, analysis and presentation. In carrying out this activity, the participants, while receiving a strengthening of GIS concepts and GIS components, created maps of slopes, elevations and landslides in operational demonstration activities, then classified and scored them, and evaluated them. Click Overlay (Overlay) to create a new map with the new classification. The results of this activity show better control as well as higher enthusiasm and responsiveness during the training activity. The whole operation went smoothly. In addition, GIS education can enhance the effectiveness of geography education through application in schools.

Progress and Reflections of International Cartographic Education

With the development of geospatial information science and technology and applications in numerous areas, cartography and geospatial information education is becoming increasingly more important in training graduates equipped with new capacities. Cartography and geospatial information education are crucial to cartography and geospatial information science, as a discipline and a profession. The contents have always gradually been changing, as well as corresponding effective approaches to deliver sustainable and resilient education. In the new normal era of post COVID-19, summaries and reflections on the progress of available practices and theories can support better design of effective and quality education. In this paper, the conference papers and abstracts on educational topics published in the last 10 International Cartography Conferences are used to trace the path that educators in cartography and geospatial information have gone through. Bibliometric analysis is conducted on educational topics, authors, and regions. A domain term knowledge map is drawn showing that the number of publications on education in the International Cartography Conferences has been increasing. The geographic distribution of authors is very concentrated, with authors from European countries contributing about 50% of the publications and those from the top ten countries contributing 60%. Works in many other regions are less reported. The research topics are mainly focused on undergraduate and graduate education in geographic information systems, secondary education, education atlas, learning theories, learning environmental design, online education, etc. Pedagogies and experience of distance learning and online education in the last 20 years have been well applied. However best practices of online and distance education are rarely reported to support effective new normal education in the context of COVID-19 pandemics.

Monitoring Variasi Spasial dan Temporal Genangan Danau Limboto Selama 2000-2015 Menggunakan Citra Modis dan Google Earth Engine

Changes in the Limboto Lake area can be monitored using remote sensing technology. Satellite imagery provides data regarding the surface area of the lake over a long period of time. However, conventional methods require large resources to process and analyze large remote sensing image data. This study utilizes geospatial information technology with the support of cloud computing to overcome these obstacles. The purpose of this study is to determine the inundation area of Lake Limboto from 2000 to 2015 and to analyze the trend of changes in inundation area over a 16 years period. The experimental results show a map of spatial and temporal changes in the inundation of Lake Limboto over 16 years. The trend of changes in the inundation area of Lake Limboto shows a decrease of 56.56 Ha every year. Further research needs to involve other factors such as rainfall and vegetation cover to see the effect of the inundation area of Lake Limboto.

Solid waste disposal site selection using geospatial information technologies and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP): a case study in Bandar Bushehr, Iran

Solid waste disposal site selection using geospatial information technologies and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP): a case study in Bandar Bushehr, Iran

Geospatial technologies for physical planning: Bridging the gap between earth science and planning

The application of geospatial information technologies has increased recently due to increase in data sources from the earth sciences. The systematic data collection, storage and processing together with data transformation require geospatial information technologies. Rapidly developing computer technology has become an effective tool in design and physical planning in international platforms. Especially, the availability of geospatial information technologies (remote sensing, GIS, spatial models and GPS) for diverse disciplines and the capability of these technologies in data conversion from two dimensions to the three dimensions provide great efficiency. Thus, this study explores how digital technologies are reshaping physical planning and design. While the potential of digital technologies is well documented within physical planning and visualization, its application within practice is far less understood. This paper highlights the role of the geospatial information technologies in encouraging a new planning and design logic that moves from the privileging of the visual to a focus on processes of formation, bridging the interface of the earth science and physical planning.

GEO-ICTs FOR GOOD: A MOOC ON GISCIENCE FOR CLIMATE JUSTICE

Abstract. The last two decades have seen the development and diffusion of new technologies that can help in managing geographic information. This has led to a proliferation of grassroots processes for exploring, creating and sharing geographical data as a way for citizens to take part in decision making in different kinds of processes.However, these ongoing processes are facing technological, cognitive and economic barriers. Universities with the use of open-source geospatial information and communication technologies (Geo-ICTs) should be the primary actors in supporting students and citizens in developing their own spatial thinking and abilities in a more effective and engaging way.In this framework, the Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence on Climate Justice (University of Padova) is developing the massive open online course (MOOC) ‘GIScience for Climate Justice’, here with the use of open-source and freeware Geo-ICTs that will be freely available for all before the end of 2022.By completing the MOOC, students will learn how to increase their knowledge of climate change and climate justice issues autonomously. Practical activities will improve their skills in obtaining and using geodata and information produced by European institutions, which can lead to them producing and sharing their own data and preparing and managing collaborative projects for sustainability and environmental monitoring.In this contribution, the theoretical background and entire methodology for the preparation and dissemination of the MOOC are presented and discussed, with the aim of disseminating and sharing this experience to actors interested in developing similar activities of using Geo-ICTs for good.

Role of Geospatial Technology in Crime Mapping & Analysis: A Case Study of District Kasur, Punjab, Pakistan

Crime is a social stigma that needs to be addressed beyond talks. The use of geospatial information technology has become well recognized within the fields of forensic sciences and criminology, especially in the developed world. The current study is an attempt to analyze the distribution and trends of various crime types, including rape, murder, baby kidnapping, vehicle theft, and dacoity in district of Kasur Punjab, Pakistan during the year 2021. (Police station wise crime data) was collected from the District Police Office (DPO), Kasur and interpolation technique was applied and several maps were generated, including crime type, crime rate, and crime density with in study area and statistical illustrations were down users Microsoft Excel software suite. Murder crimes were found highest in the vicinity of Sadar Kasur police station whereas lowest in the vicinity of City Pattoki police station. Alla abad police station reported the highest rape crimes, whereas the lowest crime rate was found in the jurisdiction of Theh Sheikham. Kidnapping were highest in Sadar Kasur and Kot Radhakishen police stations’ vicinity, while it was found to be the lowest in the The Sheikham police station’s jurisdiction. Ganda Singh Wala, Kangan Pur, and Sadar Chunian had the lowest number of vehicle theft, whereas the city Pattoki and Sadar Kasur police stations recorded the highest dacoity crime. The present study suggests that the use of geospatial technology within the study area and beyond by the law enforcement departments can effectively enhance crime control and can help to maintain law and order situations.

Geospatial Information Technologies for Mobile Collaborative Geological Mapping: The Italian CARG Project Case Study

A collaborative open-source IT infrastructure is designed and implemented to optimize the process of geological field data collection, integration, validation, and sharing. Firstly, field data collection is carried out by multiple users using free and open-source GIS-based tools for mobile devices according to a predefined database structure; then, data integration is automatically performed in a central server, where the collected geological information is stored and validated; finally, data are shared over the Internet, providing users with up-to-date information. The IT infrastructure is currently being employed to accomplish surveys for the realization of the “Brescia” geological map within the New Geological Map of Italy, scale 1:50,000 (CARG Project). Users are only required to run the field data collection application on their mobile devices, add different geometric features to predefined thematic layers and fill in the dialogue forms with the required information to store the new structured and georeferenced data in the central database. The major advantage of the proposed IT infrastructure consists of guaranteeing the operational continuity between field surveys and the finalization of geological or geothematic maps leveraging field data collection tools that are operational both online and offline to ensure the overall system resilience.

Urban Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment of Support Climate-Resilient City Development

Climate change poses a threat to cities. Geospatial information and communication technology (Geo-ICT) assisted planning is increasingly being utilised to foster urban sustainability and adaptability to climate change. To fill the theoretical and practical gaps of urban adaptive planning and Geo-ICT implementation, this article presents an urban ecosystem vulnerability assessment approach using integrated socio-ecological modelling. The application of the Geo-ICT method is demonstrated in a specific case study of climate-resilient city development in Nanjing (China), aiming at helping city decision-makers understand the general geographic data processing and policy revision processes in response to hypothetical future disruptions and pressures on urban social, economic, and environmental systems. Ideally, the conceptual framework of the climate-resilient city transition proposed in this study effectively integrates the geographic data analysis, policy modification, and participatory planning. In the process of model building, we put forward the index system of urban ecosystem vulnerability assessment and use the assessment result as input data for the socio-ecological model. As a result, the model reveals the interaction processes of local land use, economy, and environment, further generating an evolving state of future land use in the studied city. The findings of this study demonstrate that socio-ecological modelling can provide guidance in adjusting the human-land interaction and climate-resilient city development from the perspective of macro policy. The decision support using urban ecosystem vulnerability assessment and quantitative system modelling can be useful for urban development under a variety of environmental change scenarios.

ULIN-D: WEB-BASED GIS SUPPORTING NEW HABITS IN THE TOURISM SECTOR IN BANDUNG CITY

Abstract. Indonesia is one of the countries that has enormous tourism potential where this sector has contributed a total of 229.5 trillion for the country's foreign exchange. However, in the current state of the COVID-19 pandemic, many businesses in the tourism sector have to stop temporarily and result in economic pressure which directly impacts the acceleration of the economic recession in Indonesia. One of the solutions to reduce the impact of economic pressure while reducing the risk of COVID-19 transmission in the tourism sector is the application of health protocols that are directly applied in tourist attractions. To do this a variety of careful preparations are needed. In this case, geospatial information technology can help the community, government, and tourism business managers in implementing health protocols in tourist attractions. Seeing the urgency of implementing health protocols in the tourism sector, we developed the ULIN-D product as a WebGIS platform that is able to visualize, plan, and evaluate the condition of health protocol facilities in various tourist locations. Some of ULIN-D's strategic functions are its ability to provide recommended visitor capacity, display the number of visitors in real-time, and display the number of hand-washing places at tourist attractions based on the profile characteristics of each tourist location. The method used in this research is the combination of various kinds of spatial data and non-spatial data in a dynamic and integrated platform. Tourism location profile information is analyzed in detail to obtain accurate scenario results in establishing a standard health protocol. ULIN-D is expected to be a solution and a reference for how geospatial technology can help improve the quality of policies in the tourism sector for the continuation of the new habits adaption.

Damage assessment on World Heritage sites by UNOSAT

For the past twenty years, UNOSAT has been developing its expertise in using Geospatial Information Technologies to promote evidence-based decision-making for peace, security and resilience. UNOSAT was created in 2001 to support Member States, UN agencies, NGOs and international organizations. As an operational programme of the UN Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR), it provides coordinated geospatial analysis and develops capacities for geo-information technology to further the achievement of the SDGs. This includes documenting and raising awareness on the devastating impact hazards and conflicts can have on our World Heritage, and showing how geospatial information technologies and data can support efforts to preserve both cultural and natural sites.

3D-Position Determination using GNSS Techniques – A Comparative Analysis

This study was carried out to determine 3D-position of selected points within Obafemi Awolowo University. The points were located at Africa Regional Institute for Geospatial Information Science and Technology (AFRIGST), Central Technological and Laboratory Workshops (CTLW), main Bus Stop, Religion ground, New Environmental Design and Management (New EDM), and Spider building. China HuaCe Corporation (CHC) GPS and Promark 3 GPS were used to carry out observation on the selected points. The data gotten were post processed using GNSS solution software for Promark3, Compass software for CHC GPS and the result gotten were compared with the known coordinates of those points. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to determine the most accurate instrument between the two. The occupation time for the two instruments on each station was 45 minutes. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Chi square Variance analysis were conducted, the result showed that there is no significant difference between the observations of the two instruments in comparison with the adjusted coordinate. It can be concluded that any of the two instruments can be used for 3D point positioning to obtain accurate result.