Geological Information System Research Articles

Determining the groundwater potential recharge zone and karst springs catchment area: Saldoran region, western Iran

Assessing the groundwater recharge potential zone and differentiation of the spring catchment area are extremely important to effective management of groundwater systems and protection of water quality. The study area is located in the Saldoran karstic region, western Iran. It is characterized by a high rate of precipitation and recharge via highly permeable fractured karstic formations. Pire-Ghar, Sarabe-Babaheydar and Baghe-rostam are three major karstic springs which drain the Saldoran anticline. The mean discharge rate and electrical conductivity values for these springs were 3, 1.9 and 0.98 m3/s, and 475, 438 and 347 μS/cm, respectively. Geology, hydrogeology and geographical information system (GIS) methods were used to define the catchment areas of the major karstic springs and to map recharge zones in the Saldoran anticline. Seven major influencing factors on groundwater recharge rates (lithology, slope value and aspect, drainage, precipitation, fracture density and karstic domains) were integrated using GIS. Geology maps and field verification were used to determine the weights of factors. The final map was produced to reveal major zones of recharge potential. More than 80 % of the study area is terrain that has a recharge rate of 55–70 % (average 63 %). Evaluating the water budget of Saldoran Mountain showed that the total volume of karst water emerging from the Saldoran karst springs is equal to the total annual recharge on the anticline. Therefore, based on the geological and hydrogeological investigations, the catchment area of the mentioned karst springs includes the whole Saldoran anticline.

Geological mapping for the urban area of Tarragona

A detailed and systematic geological characterization of the urban area of Tarragona has been conducted under the project ‘1:5000 scale Urban geological map of Catalonia’ of the Institut Cartografic i Geologic de Catalunya. The results of this characterization are organized into: (1) a geological information system that includes all the information acquired; (2) a geological model focused on the identification, characterization and correlation of the geological materials and structures that are present in the area, and (3) a detailed geological map that represents the synthesis of all the collected information. The mapping project integrates in a GIS environment pre-existing cartographic documentation (geological and topographical), core data from compiled boreholes, descriptions of geological outcrops within the urban network and neighbouring areas, physico-chemical characterization of representative samples of geological materials, detailed geological mapping of Quaternary sediments, subsurface bedrock and artificial deposits, and 3D modelling of the main geological surfaces. The geological model is structured in a system of geological units that form a chronostratigraphic point of view are structured in Preneogene (from Mesozoic to Paleogene), Neogene, Quaternary and Anthropocene. The description of the geological units is guided by a systematic procedure. It includes the main lithological and structural features of the units that constitute the geological substratum and represents the conceptual base of the published map sheets of the urban geological map of the Tarragona metropolitan area. These map sheets are composed of a principal map, geological cross sections, and several complementary maps, charts and tables. Regardless of the geological map units, the principal map also represents the main artificial deposits, features related to the geohistorical processes, contours of outcrop areas, information obtained in stations, borehole data, and contour lines of the top of the pre-quaternary basement surface. The most representative complementary maps are the Quaternary map, the subsurface bedrock map, and the isopach map of thickness of superficial and anthropogenic deposits. The map also includes charts and tables of relevant physico-chemical parameters of the geological materials, harmonized downhole lithological columns from selected boreholes, stratigraphic columns, and photographs and figures illustrating the geology of the mapped area and how urbanization has changed the natural environment. The development of systematic urban geological mapping projects, such as the example of Tarragona’s case, which provides valuable resources to address targeted studies related to urban planning, geoengineering works, soil pollution and other important environmental issues that society should deal with in the future.

Research on Deep Exploration Integration Technology Application in Gold Deposits Based on 3D Geological Spatial Information System

Acta Geologica Sinica - English EditionVolume 88, Issue s2 p. 1249-1251 Meeting Abstracts Research on Deep Exploration Integration Technology Application in Gold Deposits Based on 3D Geological Spatial Information System Sanshi JIA, Corresponding Author Sanshi JIA School of Resources and Materials, Northeastern University, Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004 ChinaCorresponding author. E-mail: jss_193@163.comSearch for more papers by this authorEnde WANG, Ende WANG School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819 ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorMinggang WU, Minggang WU Yantai Jinjian Metallurgr Technology Co. Ltd, Yantai, Shandong 264670 ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorYekai MEN, Yekai MEN School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819 ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorJianmin ZHANG, Jianmin ZHANG School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819 ChinaSearch for more papers by this author Sanshi JIA, Corresponding Author Sanshi JIA School of Resources and Materials, Northeastern University, Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004 ChinaCorresponding author. E-mail: jss_193@163.comSearch for more papers by this authorEnde WANG, Ende WANG School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819 ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorMinggang WU, Minggang WU Yantai Jinjian Metallurgr Technology Co. Ltd, Yantai, Shandong 264670 ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorYekai MEN, Yekai MEN School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819 ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorJianmin ZHANG, Jianmin ZHANG School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819 ChinaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 29 December 2014 https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-6724.12380_14Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume88, Issues2Special Issue: Meeting Abstracts: The 14th Quadrennial International Association on the Genesis of Ore Deposits Symposium. August 19–22, 2014, Kunming, ChinaDecember 2014Pages 1249-1251 RelatedInformation

Development and evaluation of a decision-supporting model for identifying the source location of microbial intrusions in real gravity sewer systems

Assuming a scenario of a hypothetical pathogenic outbreak, we aimed this study at developing a decision-support model for identifying the location of the pathogenic intrusion as a means of facilitating rapid detection and efficient containment. The developed model was applied to a real sewer system (the Campbell wash basin in Tucson, AZ) in order to validate its feasibility. The basin under investigation was divided into 14 sub-basins. The geometric information associated with the sewer network was digitized using GIS (Geological Information System) and imported into an urban sewer network simulation model to generate microbial breakthrough curves at the outlet. A pre-defined amount of Escherichia coli (E. coli), which is an indicator of fecal coliform bacteria, was hypothetically introduced into 56 manholes (four in each sub-basin, chosen at random), and a total of 56 breakthrough curves of E. coli were generated using the simulation model at the outlet. Transport patterns were classified depending upon the location of the injection site (manhole), various known characteristics (peak concentration and time, pipe length, travel time, etc.) extracted from each E. coli breakthrough curve and the layout of sewer network. Using this information, we back-predicted the injection location once an E. coli intrusion was detected at a monitoring site using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The results showed that ANNs identified the location of the injection sites with 57% accuracy; ANNs correctly recognized eight out of fourteen expressions with relying on data from a single detection sensor. Increasing the available sensors within the basin significantly improved the accuracy of the simulation results (from 57% to 100%).

A Fast Geological Logging Technique of Underground Coal Mines Based on Photogrammetry

Aiming at the deficiency of current geological logging method on the coal working face, the geological logging information system for coal mines based on digital camera is developed, integrating techniques of photogrammetry, graphic and image processing, and GIS. Emphasis is mainly placed on the fast acquisition of images from coal mining and excavation faces, photographic information processing and geological logging method, thus achieving the integrated work pattern of data acquisition, computer-aided processing and logging mapping. The experiment shows that by applying the fast geological logging technique of coal mines, the logging result which is accurate, authentic, reliable and satisfies the current requirements can be obtained, improving the work efficiency and result quality, therefore providing a new means and approach for geological logging of underground coal mines.

Connectivity in a pond system influences migration and genetic structure in threespine stickleback.

Neutral genetic structure of natural populations is primarily influenced by migration (the movement of individuals and, subsequently, their genes) and drift (the statistical chance of losing genetic diversity over time). Migration between populations is influenced by several factors, including individual behavior, physical barriers, and environmental heterogeneity among populations. However, drift is expected to be stronger in populations with low immigration rate and small effective population size. With the technological advancement in geological information systems and spatial analysis tools, landscape genetics now allows the development of realistic migration models and increased insight to important processes influencing diversity of natural populations. In this study, we investigated the relationship between landscape connectivity and genetic distance of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) inhabiting a pond complex in Belgjarskógur, Northeast Iceland. We used two landscape genetic approaches (i.e., least-cost-path and isolation-by-resistance) and asked whether gene flow, as measured by genetic distance, was more strongly associated with Euclidean distance (isolation-by-distance) or with landscape connectivity provided by areas prone to flooding (as indicated by Carex sp. cover)? We found substantial genetic structure across the study area, with pairwise genetic distances among populations (DPS) ranging from 0.118 to 0.488. Genetic distances among populations were more strongly correlated with least-cost-path and isolation-by-resistance than with Euclidean distance, whereas the relative contribution of isolation-by-resistance and Euclidian distance could not be disentangled. These results indicate that migration among stickleback populations occurs via periodically flooded areas. Overall, this study highlights the importance of transient landscape elements influencing migration and genetic structure of populations at small spatial scales.

Effective Storage Capacity Study in a Deep Saline Aquifer within a Young Sedimentary Basin

The thermal power plants which belong to Taiwan Power Company are major Carbon Dioxide(CO2) emitting sources in Taiwan. Thus, Taiwan Power Company launched a series of projects since 2008 to look for sites suitable for CO2 geological storage around Taiwan. After 3 years of research, Taiwan Power Company chose a deep saline aquifer sandy formation in the Taihsi basin to be the candidate site for CO2 geological storage. By this research, we established a three dimension geological model of the cap rock and reservoir rock in Taihsi basin storage site, and refer the America Department of Energy (DOE) and Japan RITE experiences to suggest an unit grid conception formula for evaluating storage capacity. Finally, we evaluated effective capacity is about 6 billion tons in the Taihsi basin site by using Geological Information System.

Research on Environment Geology Information System Based on GIS

With the specific cases, this paper summarizes the general process, target, framework, database logical and physical structure and various application function of environment geology information system based on GIS, in order to provide some reference for the construction of relevant system.

Spatial Prediction Models for Seismic Landslides Based on Support Vector Machine and Varied Kernel Functions: A Case Study of the 14 April 2010 Yushu Earthquake in China

AbstractIt is an important subject to study spatial prediction models of landslides triggered by earthquakes in terms of statistics learning theory and Geological Information Systems (GIS) technology. Such models allow us to predict the area of landslide occurrence during an earthquake under similar conditions in the future. On April 14, 2010 a catastrophic earthquake with Mw 6.9 struck Yushu County, Qinghai Province, China. After this event, a total of 2036 landslides were interpreted from aerial photographs and satellite images, verified by field investigations, distributed in a rectangle area of 1455.3 km2. The aim of this study is to carry out spatial prediction modelling of landslides in this rectangle area using several types of kernel functions based on GIS and the support vector machine (SVM) model. A spatial database, including landslides and associated controlling factors which may have influence on the occurrence of landslides, was developed and analyzed using GIS technology. The 12 controlling factors, including elevation, slope angles, slope aspect, slope curvatures, slope positions, drainages, lithology, faults, roads, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), co‐seismic surface ruptures, and peak ground acceleration (PGA) were selected as the prediction factors. The landslide spatial prediction mapping were produced by using several types of kernel functions such as linear function, polynomial function, radial basis function (RBF), and sigmoid function based on the SVM model. Then landslide hazard index maps, landslide hazard rank maps, and prediction result maps for the Yushu event were created separately. The success rates of the four types of kernel functions are 79.87%, 83.45%, 84.16%, and 64.62%, respectively. The results show that radial basis function (RBF) is the best kernel function among the four kernel functions for spatial prediction mapping of landslides by the Yushu earthquake. The training and discussion of the model were also carried out based on other three different groups of random distribution training samples and one group of regular distribution training samples. This paper provide an example for selecting appropriate types of kernel functions for prediction mapping of seismic landslides using support vector machine modelling. The hazard rank maps and prediction result maps can be useful in efforts of landslide hazard mitigation.

Study on the Method of 3D Geologic Modeling and Visualization

Three-dimensional Geologic body modeling is one of the core problems in geological information system. The current situation of three -dimensional geographic information system (GIS) and method of space modeling were analyzed in geological field, a kind of three-dimensional geological space modeling method-Similar Tri-Prism(STP) was put forwards, STP Combined with the characteristics of Geological body engineering. This method took Similar Tri-Prism body as the basic volume element of three-dimensional geological modeling, and described the data structure of Similar Tri-Prism body by using five basic elements and six groups of topological relationships. It can effectively express all kinds of three -dimensional geological phenomenon, can better combined with traditional multi-layer triangular irregular network (TIN) model, as well as maintain the topological relationship of space entity. An initial prototype has been developed basing on the modeling method in this paper and proved by real drilling data,which is suitable for three -dimensional GIS in geological field.

Study of Geological Disaster Information System Based on Skyline

The Wudongde reservoir area 3D visualization geological disaster information system is designed in this paper, based on the superiority of Skyline software and Skyline TerraExplorer API. It consists of two parts: retrieval browsing system and spatial analysis system. Retrieval browsing system has several functions, such as displaying, browsing, information retrieval, data statistics, querying, searching and printing. Spatial analysis system sets the core modules, including spatial calculation, terrain analysis and flood-inundated simulation. It is verified by application that this system can be used for displaying 3D scene of the Wudongde reservoir area terrain, providing decision support for the governor, reaching the design requirements wholly.

도로수송부문 온실가스 배출량 산정을 위한 간선 및 지선도로상의 교통량 추정시스템 개발

The national emission from energy sector accounted for 84.7% of all domestic emissions in 2007. Of the energy-use emissions, the emission from mobile source as one of key categories accounted for 19.4% and further the road transport emission occupied the most dominant portion in the category. The road transport emissions can be estimated on the basis of either the fuel consumed (Tier 1) or the distance travelled by the vehicle types and road types (higher Tiers). The latter approach must be suitable for simultaneously estimating , , and emissions in local administrative districts. The objective of this study was to estimate 31 municipal GHG emissions from road transportation in Gyeonggi Province, Korea. In 2008, the municipalities were consisted of 2,014 towns expressed as Dong and Ri, the smallest administrative district unit. Since mobile sources are moving across other city and province borders, the emission estimated by fuel sold is in fact impossible to ensure consistency between neighbouring cities and provinces. On the other hand, the emission estimated by distance travelled is also impossible to acquire key activity data such as traffic volume, vehicle type and model, and road type in small towns. To solve the problem, we applied a hierarchical cluster analysis to separate town-by-town road patterns (clusters) based on a priori activity information including traffic volume, population, area, and branch road length obtained from small 151 towns. After identifying 10 road patterns, a rule building expert system was developed by visual basic application (VBA) to assort various unknown road patterns into one of 10 known patterns. The expert system was self-verified with original reference information and then objects in each homogeneous pattern were used to regress traffic volume based on the variables of population, area, and branch road length. The program was then applied to assign all the unknown towns into a known pattern and to automatically estimate traffic volumes by regression equations for each town. Further VKT (vehicle kilometer travelled) for each vehicle type in each town was calculated to be mapped by GIS (geological information system) and road transport emission on the corresponding road section was estimated by multiplying emission factors for each vehicle type. Finally all emissions from local branch roads in Gyeonggi Province could be estimated by summing up emissions from 1,902 towns where road information was registered. As a result of the study, the GHG average emission rate by the branch road transport was 6,101 kilotons of equivalent per year (kt- Eq/yr) and the total emissions from both main and branch roads was 24,152 kt- Eq/yr in Gyeonggi Province. The ratio of branch roads emission to the total was 0.28 in 2008.

Designing and implementing a geologic information system using a spatiotemporal ontology model for a geologic map of Korea

A geologic information system was utilized for geologic mapping in Korea using a spatiotemporal ontology model. Five steps were required to make the GIS representation of the geologic map information. The first step was to limit the geologic mapping to Korean area. The second step was to extract the rock units with spatial objects from the geologic map and the geologic time units with temporal objects. The third step was to standardize the geologic terms in Korean and English for both the spatial and temporal objects. The fourth step was to conceptualize the classified objects in the geologic map units and the formation of guidelines for the specification of a spatiotemporal ontology model. Finally, we constructed a spatiotemporal retrieval system and an ontology system related to the geologic map of Korea, which were applied to the spatiotemporal ontology model. The spatiotemporal ontology model was defined as a sophisticated model that provides for the evolution from a data base to a knowledge base. This ontology model can be conceptualized as a well-defined set of terms used for expressing spatial objects in rock units and temporal objects in geologic time units, as well as a system of contents and structures. In addition, it includes symbology units such as color and pattern symbols mapped one-to-one with the spatiotemporal concepts. The existing information retrieval services provide information that is limited to the user's knowledge, whereas our geologic ontology system provides a broad range of information in graphical form, including locations and interrelationships. In this way, the information can be upgraded to the level of knowledge. A geologic term tree was designed, based on the existing classification schemes, with the goal of creating an accessible internet source.

Exploration targeting for orogenic gold deposits in the Granites-Tanami Orogen: Mineral system analysis, targeting model and prospectivity analysis

A major challenge for mineral exploration geologists is the development of a transparent and reproducible approach to targeting exploration efforts, particularly at the regional to camp scales, in terranes under difficult cover where exploration and opportunity costs are high. In this study, a three-pronged approach is used for identifying the most prospective ground for orogenic gold deposits in the Paleoproterozoic Granite-Tanami Orogen (GTO) in Western Australia.A key input to the analyses is the recent development of a 4D model of the GTO architectural evolution that provides new insights on the spatio-temporal controls over orogenic gold occurrences in the area; in particular, on the role of pre-mineralization (pre-1795Ma) DGTOE–DGTO1–DGTO2 architecture in localization of gold deposits and the spatial distribution of rock types in 3D. This information is used to build up a model of orogenic gold minerals system in the area, which is then integrated into the three mutually independent but complementary mineral prospectivity maps namely, a concept-driven “manual” and “fuzzy” analysis; and a data-driven “automated” analysis.The manual analysis involved: (1) generation of a process-based gold mineral systems template to aid target selection; (2) manual delineation of targets; (3) manual estimation of the probability of occurrence of each critical mineralization process based on the available information; and (4) combining the above probabilities to derive the relative probability of occurrence of orogenic gold deposits in each of the targets. The knowledge-based Geological Information System (GIS) analysis attempts to replicate the expert knowledge used in the manual approach, but queried in a more systematic format to eliminate human heuristic bias. This involves representing the critical mineralization processes in the form of spatial predictor maps and systematically querying them through the use of a fuzzy logic model to integrate the predictor maps and to derive the western GTO orogenic gold prospectivity map. The data-driven ‘empirical’ GIS analysis uses no expert knowledge. Instead it employs statistical measures to evaluate the spatial associations between known deposits and predictor maps to establish weights for each predictor layer then combines these layers into a predictive map using a Weights of Evidence (WofE) approach.Application of a mineral systems approach in the manual analysis and the fuzzy analysis is critical: potential high value targets identified by these approaches in the western GTO lie largely under cover, whereas traditional manual targeting is biased to areas of outcrop or sub-crop amenable to direct detection technology such as exploration geochemistry, and therefore towards areas that are data rich.The results show the power of combining the three approaches to prioritize areas for exploration. While the manual analysis identifies and employs human intuition and can see through incomplete datasets, it is difficult to filter out human bias and to systematically apply to a large region. The fuzzy method is more systematic, and highlights areas that the manual analysis has undervalued, but lacks the intuitive power of the human mind that refines the target by seeing through incomplete datasets. The empirical WoE method highlights correlations with favorable host stratigraphy and highlights the control of an early set of structures potentially undervalued in the knowledge driven approaches, yet is biased due to the incomplete nature of exploration datasets and lack of abundant gold deposits due to the extensive cover.The results indicate that the most prospective areas for orogenic gold in western GTO are located in the central part of the study area, largely in areas blind to previous exploration efforts. According to our study, the procedure to follow should be to undertake the analyses in the following order: manual prospectivity analysis, followed by the conceptual fuzzy approach, followed by the empirical GIS-based method. Undertaking the manual analysis first is important to prevent explorationists from being biased by the automated GIS-based outputs. It is however emphasized that all of the prospectivity outputs from these three methods are possible, and they should not be treated as ‘treasure maps’, but instead, as decision-support aids. Therefore, a final manual prospectivity analysis redefined by the mutual consideration of output from all of the methods is required.The strategy employed in this study constitutes a new template for best-practice in terrane- to camp-scale exploration targeting that can be applied to different terranes and deposit types, particularly in terranes under cover, and provides a step forward in managing uncertainty in the exploration targeting process.

Application of Multi factor True Three dimensional Geological Information System to Research of Oil and Gas conducted Structures

Due to deficiency and interpretative uncertainty of deep geological data, the correct application of associated multi factor information is especially important for the research of oil and gas conducted structures. The key to analyze multi factor information quantitatively and comprehensively to obtain correct conclusions is to apply multi factor true three dimensional geological information system(MT3DGIS) Using this system, we register and make correlation analysis between variables from remote sensing, aeromagnetic, and gamma ray spectrum data, and make 3D solid visualization of stratigraphic data. Through these analyses mentioned above, we find that under depth of 3 500 m, two NE extended basins were controlled by a NW extended structure. This structure was large scale deep permeable structure with multiphase tectonic activity. So, we suggest that this structure is a oil and gas conducted structure. This inference is coincident with deep seismic sounding. The occurrence of a large gas field above this structure also supports this. Our conclusion has been adapted by relevant institutions. The application effect of this system indicates importance of MT3DGIS in research of deep geological information.

Research of Geological Exploration Information System Based on Three-Tiered C/S Architecture

This paper compares C/S architecture and B/S architecture, geological exploration information system is developed on three-tiered C/S architecture. This paper introduces the function of geological exploration information system. The system will enhance informationization and productivity of geological and mineral exploration works, it contributes to the integration and management of the geological exploration of information resources.

Implementation of a WebGIS-Based Geological Environment Data Management Information System for Guangyuan City

Geological hazard is one of the major natural hazards world facing now, In order to prevent and predict geological hazard, techniques for geological hazard management, assessment and prediction must be developed for the prevention of geological hazards. In this paper, a geological environment data management information system (GEMIS) was implemented based on WebGIS. GEMIS is designed for management geological environment data, as well as geological hazard point. GEMIS has achieved the functions for geological environmental data displaying, querying and analyzing, and many users can share the same geological environmental data due to the B/S frame work. The use of GEMIS can improve and enhance the rapid identification of receptor sites and fate of geological hazards, improving response time and mitigation strategies in the event of a geological hazard. GEMIS also provides each incident responder with access to the same maps and geological hazard information that other responders possess.

GIS-based suitable site selection using habitat suitability index for oyster farms in Geoje-Hansan Bay, Korea

When operating oyster farms, the major factor that influences sustainable productivity is the suitable site selection. In the present study, site selection was performed for oyster farms in Geoje-Hansan Bay, one of the largest oyster farms in Korea, by applying Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) to the Geological Information System (GIS). We also applied HSI which had no consideration for weights in order to exclude subjective judgment or non-feasible hypotheses. Main factors were grouped into three sub-models (the growth of oysters, the survival of oysters, and the surrounding environment of farms). The HSI ranged from 0.0 to 0.7 in Geoje-Hansan Bay and the oyster farms (6.0 km 2) could be rearranged in zones (7.5 km 2) with the highest 0.6–0.7 HSI, indicating that the area offers the optimal conditions for oyster farming. Our results showed a high correlation between HSI and the productivity of oyster farms. This could be a scientific basis to decide the efficient measures for fishery management.

3D Geological Modeling in Chang109 Block of Changchunling Oilfield

With the improving of reservoir development level, reservoir geologic research urgently need some new and practical technical methods to describe reservoir more accurately and meticulous. The three-dimensional geological modeling exactly is one of the main aspects to resolve the problem. Take the Chang109 block of Changchunling oilfield for an example. Using Petrel, which is multi-disciplinary and synthetical software for researching reservoir and to establish a 3D geological model as the outstanding characteristic, to build the reservoir model displaying geological information system. That, including the structure model, the sedimentary facies model and the property model, will provide reliable basis potential finding and well placement.

The Geological Information Collection System Design Based on Wireless Sensor Network

On the basis of analysis of characteristics of ZigBee wireless sensor networks, this paper uses the modular method to realize the ZigBee agreement stack. From the system's hardware and software processes, etc., describes remote acquisition of geological information and wireless monitoring system design based on wireless sensor networks, the system reliably implement features such as temperature and humidity monitoring, ad-hoc networks with low power, low cost, high reliability features.