Geologic Story Research Articles

The Geology and Petroleum Resources of Kansas: A Review From Alpha to Omega or From the Pleistocene to the Precambrian

The geological story of Kansas is told through the rocks that are present. It is a simple story in generalities but complex in detail. Knowing the story, gives insight into understanding the occurrence and location of possible economic valuable minerals, such as petroleum. This is a brief review of Kansas geology with respect to the known occurrence of oil and gas. Kansas is part of the Midcontinent oil province with oil having been discovered 150 years ago and commercial production commencing in 1873. Although many prospects remain in Kansas, the state has gone from the number 1 producer in the U.S. in 1916 to 8th today. Exploration for new oil and gas production therefore is going to have to be more imaginative and utilize new approaches and techniques to find the elusive petroleum. There are possibilities however for the prospector who can search diligently. Although the big fields probably have been discovered, the prospects today are deeper, in more undetectable traps, and in essentially untested places.

Lessons learned from natural and industrial analogues for storage of carbon dioxide

The deployment of CCS (carbon capture and storage) at industrial scale implies the development of effective monitoring tools. Noble gases are tracers usually proposed to track CO 2. This methodology, combined with the geochemistry of carbon isotopes, has been tested on available analogues. At first, gases from natural analogues were sampled in the Colorado Plateau and in the French carbogaseous provinces, in both well-confined and leaking-sites. Second, we performed a 2-years tracing experience on an underground natural gas storage, sampling gas each month during injection and withdrawal periods. In natural analogues, the geochemical fingerprints are dependent on the containment criterion and on the geological context, giving tools to detect a leakage of deep-CO 2 toward surface. This study also provides information on the origin of CO 2, as well as residence time of fluids within the crust and clues on the physico-chemical processes occurring during the geological story. The study on the industrial analogue demonstrates the feasibility of using noble gases as tracers of CO 2. Withdrawn gases follow geochemical trends coherent with mixing processes between injected gas end-members. Physico-chemical processes revealed by the tracing occur at transient state. These two complementary studies proved the interest of geochemical monitoring to survey the CO 2 behaviour, and gave information on its use.

Applications of visualization in the Britannia Field, UK North Sea

Britannia is a large gas-condensate field located 140 miles NE of Aberdeen. The introduction of new tools and workflows has enabled the subsurface team on Britannia Field to increase their understanding of a complex turbidite reservoir whilst continually planning and drilling wells. In 2002, reprocessing of the existing 3D seismic data was completed, giving much improved data quality and a number of new data volumes for interpretation. These and further attribute volumes for reservoir prediction have increased the need for 3D visualization and volume interpretation. Revised, field–wide, top and near-base reservoir picks were made in two stages. 3D volume interpretation techniques were first used to rapidly pick events in good data areas. Then difficult areas were picked and final editing completed using sections and random lines (ribbons). These surfaces were used as the framework for a rebuild of the static geological field model. Fault picking and quality control of structural interpretation has been made easier providing a much improved understanding of faulting in the Britannia field. The new tools and techniques have enabled more of the overburden to be interpreted, giving a fuller understanding of the whole geological story. Flexible well planning is a significant advantage, and visualization tools have helped considerably in well design, especially with contingency planning and communication to management and partners. A number of examples are shown. Britannia is a complex heterogenous turbidite reservoir, and visualization techniques allow greater integration of the seismic with geological models. Flattening and visualization of the results help to understand palaeobathymetry and potential sand distribution patterns. Various detailed cross sections, flattened on different events, build up a picture of sand infill history. Use of colour is particularly powerful here: detailed correlations between many wells can also be inspected more effectively. A number of different pieces of software have been used in the visualization process – no interpreter can become expert in all, but in the subsurface team enough expertise can be gained to significantly impact workflows and productivity. Supplementary material: The movies referred to in the article are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4812942

Synthesis of overhead and ground‐based infrared spectroscopy at the 2000 FIDO Mars rover field test

In the May 2000 Field Integrated Design and Operations (FIDO) Mars Rover Field Test, an off‐site science team was charged with the goal of characterizing the geology of a previously unknown field location by commanding and collecting observations from a robotic rover, similar to those planned for future Mars missions. One unique feature of this test was the degree to which the science team was able to make use of previously acquired overhead remote‐sensing data together with ground‐based observations by the rover. In particular, an Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer scene covering the region of the field test was used in concert with observations from the rover's near‐infrared point spectrometer to develop a coherent and essentially correct geologic story for the test site. Using the overhead data, the science team was able to form hypotheses that were testable using rover observations on the ground. The team was able to establish the provenance of exotic samples within reach of the rover by making a spectroscopic link to units observed from above. The science team was also able to “extend” the spectral range of the rover's onboard spectrometer via inferred connections to units mapped from above with greater spectral range. The net result of the success of this rover trial is an increase in experience and confidence for NASA's Mars mission strategy, which features strong ties between early orbital reconnaissance missions for geologic mapping and subsequent rover missions to the surface.

Sierra East: edge of the Great Basin

The Eastern Sierra is a dramatic, unusual, mountain-and-desert region in eastern California and western Nevada that includes two famous resorts, Lake Tahoe and Mammoth Lakes. It is a world apart from the lands west of the Sierra Nevada, and the contributors to this illustrated natural history provide an introduction to the region. As the eastern slope of the 400-mile-long Sierra Nevada merges with the western edge of the Great Basin, desert valleys of long summers and snow-spangled mountains of long winters lie side by side. The region's unique features include altitudes ranging from 2800 feet at Redrock Canyon to 14,494 feet at the top of Mount Whitney; the merging of three biogeographic regions: the Sierra Nevada, the Great Desert Basin Desert, and the Mojave Desert; and the resulting extraordinary diversity of plant and animal life. The book contains chapters on the region's geologic story, weather and climate, plant communities, arthropods, native fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. The authors emphasize relationships and the ingenious ways that plant and animal life have evolved and adapted to the Eastern Sierra's harsh environments. Maps, diagrams, photographs and exceptional drawings illustrate the text. Written with few technical terms, the book should be of use to the layperson and students on university fieldtrips.

Northwest Exposures--A Geologic Story of the Northwest

Northwest Exposures--A Geologic Story of the Northwest

Northwest exposures: a geologic story of the Northwest

Northwest exposures: a geologic story of the Northwest

Books

Book reviewed in this articleGeological Excursions in Powys, Central Wales by N. H. Woodcock and M. G. Bassett (eds).Foundations of Engineering Geology by A. C. Waltham. Blackie Academic and Professional (Chapman & Hall), 1994.A Colour Atlas of Rocks and Minerals in Thin Section by W. S. MacKenzie & A. E. Adams.Venus: The Geological Story by Peter Cattermole. UCL Press, 1994.

Observation par microscopie électronique en transmission d'échantillons de blende de diverses provenances

Samples of sphalerite from various deposits are observed by T.E.M. Lattice defects are investigated : in weakly deformed specimen, extended dislocations with a stacking-fault energy ranging from 4 to 8 mJ/m² are observed. Sphalerite deforms plastically by slip on {111} <110> and/or by twinning on {111}, it is not possible to specify the relative part played by both mechanisms. Microstructure of deformed sphalerite are consistent with the geologic story of the samples ; the T.E.M. observations allow to complete these informations.

Minnesota's Rocks and Waters: A Geological Story

Minnesota's Rocks and Waters: A Geological Story

Minnesota's Rocks and Waters: A Geological Story, by George M. Schwartz and George A. Thiel [Review

Minnesota's Rocks and Waters: A Geological Story, by George M. Schwartz and George A. Thiel [Review

Minnesota's Rocks and Waters: A Geological Story. George M. Schwartz , George A. Thiel

Previous articleNext article No AccessReviewsMinnesota's Rocks and Waters: A Geological Story. George M. Schwartz , George A. Thiel Chester O. JohnsonChester O. Johnson Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Geology Volume 63, Number 6Nov., 1955 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/626301 PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:POWER OF WORDS, by Stuart Chase and Marian Tyler ChasePHYSICS, THE STORY OF ENERGY, by H. Emmett Brown, Professor of Science, New York State College for Teachers, Buffalo, New York; Edward C. Schwachtgen, Science Consultant, Division of Curriculum Development, Chicago Public Schools, Assistant Principal, Wells Evening High SchoolNEW SENIOR SCIENCE, by George L. Bush and Will S. ThompsonLABORATORY PRACTICE OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Third Edition, by G. Ross RobertsonMINNESOTA'S ROCKS AND WATERS, A GEOLOGICAL STORY, by George M. Schwartz, Director of the Minnesota Geological Survey, and George A. Thiel, Chairman of the University Geology Department, Minneapolis, Minnesota

Record of the Rocks: The Geological Story of Eastern North America. Horace G. Richards

Previous articleNext article No AccessReviewsRecord of the Rocks: The Geological Story of Eastern North America. Horace G. Richards James W. SkehanJames W. Skehan Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Geology Volume 62, Number 6Nov., 1954 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/626212 Copyright 1954 University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Record of the Rocks: The Geological Story of Eastern North America. Horace G. Richards. New York: Ronald, 1953. 413 pp. Illus. $6.00

Record of the Rocks: The Geological Story of Eastern North America. Horace G. Richards. New York: Ronald, 1953. 413 pp. Illus. $6.00

Present position of the former topographic surface of Appalachia (from seismic evidence)

The foregoing paper by Professor Nelson [see 1 of “References” at end of paper] has traced the evolution of the sub‐Cretaceous land‐surface of Appalachia and has cited the geologic evidence indicative of both the rate of (seaward) slope, and the nature of the topographic relief characterizing this former continental surface. In the present paper, I will present a geophysical continuation of Dr. Nelson's geologic story and will describe how the seismic method of geophysical exploration has been, and may be, used in the further mapping of the buried Appalachian land‐surface— both within the area of the present Atlantic Coastal Plain, and within the western part of the Atlantic. Seismic explorations within these areas have not, it is true, as yet passed beyond the reconnaissance‐stage; but, even so, the results already obtained have led to positive conclusions and have justified the formulation of much more extensive exploratory projects. The latter are even now getting under way, and presage both extensive and intensive seismic exploration of coastal areas from New England to Florida.

Geologic Story of the Genesee Valley and Western New York. H. L. Fairchild

<i>Geologic Story of the Genesee Valley and Western New York</i>. H. L. Fairchild

The Geological Story of the Isle of Wight. By the Rev. J. Cecil Hughes, B.A. pp. 115, with illustrations. London: Edward Stanford, Ltd. Price 5s. net.

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Geological Stories. By J. E. Taylor, F.G.S. Small 8vo, pp. 301, with many Woodcuts. Hardwicke: London, 1873

<i>Geological Stories</i>. By J. E. T<scp>aylor</scp>, F.G.S. Small 8vo, pp. 301, with many Woodcuts. Hardwicke: London, 1873