Geoinformational System Research Articles

ACTUAL GEOINFORMATIONAL SYSTEMS ANALYSIS FOR SOLVING AIRNAVIGATION PROBLEMS

Abstract. In this article modern achievements of the Geoinformatics for the aviation data maintenancehave been analyzed. The survey of widespread Geoinformational Systems that are used by the modernairnavigation has been described. As a conclusion the main problem for common GIS software creation hasbeen formulated.Keywords: aeronautical system, database, digital map, Geoinformational System, GIS technologies,information visualization.

Estimation of forest cover extent over peatlands and paludified shallow-peat lands in Russia

On the basis of the geoinformational system “Peatland ecosystems of Russia”, developed at the Institute of Forest Science (Russian Academy of Sciences), and the Map of Forests of Russia (2004), the areas of forest cover on peatlands (139 mln ha) and on paludified shallow-peat lands (230 mln ha) were estimated. Trees are present on 38% of the peatland area, of which more than half (21%) is sparsely treed. Forests (peatland forests) cover only 17% (24 mln ha). The majority of peatlands (over 62%) are open. More than half of the paludified shallow-peat habitats are also open, and the remainder (23 and 24%) are almost equally divided between forested and sparsely forested types.

(A334) Disaster Medicine Center Evolution (Structure and Activities)

The requirements of coping with emergencies on the national level include the necessity to modify the structure of disaster medicine centers that deal with major emergencies. Sharing the responsibility for the management of emergency response and preparedness also is important. The evolution of disaster medicine service is key for disaster risk activities. The goal of this presentation is to show the center subunits and their tasks based on strict management under the leading the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russian Federation. The main units of the disaster medicine center are proposed in view of the relationship to the regional and municipal centers and local medical facilities. The participation of corresponding-level centers in emergency response is dictated by the emergency scale, characteristics of the event, number of injured, number and capacities of local (regional) medical facilities, and other needs in emergency response management. The system of supply management during emergencies comprises a network of warehousing conserving the federal, regional, and local reserves of medical products is revised regularly. The new, information-sharing, automatic, geo-informational system manages the distribution of supplies for any event and evaluates the presence of resources and personnel around any focal point where any natural or technological emergency occurs. Such an informational system is being discussed for the revision of supplies and management on the international scale. The issues of field practice are proposed and suggestions on the modern coordinating mechanisms will be discussed.

ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННЫЙ АНАЛИЗ НЕОДНОРОДНОСТИ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫХ ОБРАЗОВАНИЙ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ РЕГИОНА

Improving the system of indicators for an objective assessment of spatial heterogeneity of socio- economic development of municipalities is the subject of discussion in this article. It is proposed to use the geoinformational system (GIS) and simple and complex ranking cartograms (thematic maps) as a means assessment of spatial socio-economic and natural resource asymmetry in the region. The implementation of geoinformational approach to the evaluation of intra-regional heterogeneity provide an effective system of diagnosis and prediction of competitiveness, sustainability and security of municipal development in the region.

Genotypic heterogeneity and geographical diversity of collection strains of Francisella tularensis according to the data of VNTR analysis of their DNA

The distribution of variable tandem repeats in four loci (FtA, FtB, FtC, and FtD) in 352 strains of Francisella tularensis of different subspecies, isolated in various regions of the world during the period from 1941 to 2004, was studied. The variability of the VNTR loci was evaluated using the Ney diversity index (DI). An analysis of the identified genotypes of the strains made it possible to group them into 61 variants from A to I with frequencies of encounter from 0.002 to 0.142, while cluster analysis made it possible to distribute them among nine clusters with different numbers of components. The real existence of genotypic heterogeneity and geographical diversity among them, as well as the territorial coordination of definite types of strains, were demonstrated. In order to conduct a territorial and spatial analysis of the distribution of genotypes of the strains studied, we developed a geoinformational system (GIS), “Tularemia.” A characteristic feature of the GIS developed is a dynamic mode of operation, expressed in the possibility of constant addition of information not only by supplementation of already existing data but also by the creation of new layers. Any new input of information is dynamically incorporated into the GIS, which makes it possible to perform both retrospective and operative analysis. The “Tularemia” geoinformational system should find its place in the structure of the epidemiological method, the use of which will make it possible to bring the epidemiological surveillance of tularemia to a qualitatively higher level.

Принципы построения и функционирования системы геоинформационного космического обеспечения

Принципы построения и функционирования системы геоинформационного космического обеспечения