Geographical Situation Research Articles

IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM DARURAT MASA COVID-19 DI MIN LIMA PULUH KOTA

Emergency Curriculum is an education unit level curriculum that is prepared and implemented by education units during an emergency by taking into account the applicable regulatory signs and the limited conditions of each educational unit during an emergency. The purpose of the study was to determine the level of implementation of the emergency curriculum at state madrasah, and to determine the process of implementing learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is quantitative research. Data collection techniques using questionnaires. The objects of this research are teachers at the State Islamic School (MIN) Lima Puluh Kota. The results of the research on aspects of the implementation of the emergency curriculum, the application of learning principles, the implementation of learning activities, and the evaluation of learning showed a high category. This means that the emergency curriculum has been socialized and implemented in madrasah. as well as teachers who have implemented aspects of the curriculum in the learning process. The geographical conditions and situations where students live must be a concern in implementing distance learning using internet media, because in certain conditions the network is not capable of being used so that the learning process does not take place optimally. In the learning process, teachers still have to consider the conditions, needs and characteristics of each student (related to student conditions), accommodate different student conditions, support facilities, learning styles and learning needs. There are some students who are constrained by the network, learning tools, and the use of learning media.

Toxicological evaluation of alcohol and substance abuse in children and adolescents

Unhealthy behaviors such as use of alcohol and drug usually begin during adolescence. Izmir is on transit route for illicit substance due to geographical situation. Children and adolescents are the most important threatened group in terms of alcohol and substance abuse. In this study, it was aimed to investigate alcohol and substance use profile of children and adolescents in Izmir/Turkey with the toxicological analysis results obtained from Addiction Toxicology Laboratory. Urine and blood samples of 4524 cases at and under the age of 18 years coming from various departments to the laboratory in 2015–2016 were analyzed by enzymatic immunoassay. Information and analysis results of the cases were obtained by retrospective analysis of the hospital system. 83,3% of the cases were male and the mean age was 16,69 ± 1,63. Alcohol and/or substance use was determined in 13,2% of the cases. Among the cases with positive results of analysis, cannabis (33%) was mostly detected and was followed by amphetamine type stimulants (ATS, 15%), polysubstance use (15%) and alcohol (13%). While cannabis, polysubstance use and ATS were the most common in male, ethyl alcohol, ATS and benzodiazepine were mostly detected in female. There was a significant increase in the substance use rate in 2016 compared to the previous year. A substance use profile was obtained through drug testing in adolescents who are in the risk group for substance use. In this context, our data will be indicative for the development of new and more effective preventive strategies targeting children and adolescents.

THE CONCEPT OF EQUIDISTANT PRINCIPLE TO DELIMITATE CONTINENTAL SHELF ZONE

Since along time the Arabian Gulf region has witnessed competition on it, whether by the major dominated countries, or by the riparian countries on the Gulf itself. The reasons of competence may be political, economic, military, or legal to determine the international water borders of its countries. The special boundary problem is the limitation of the continental shelf among Iraq, Kuwait and Iran, where the maritime areas are still not well defined. These states are still not done any agreement between them concerned the water borders. From the point of international law the rights of these States depend on the subject of the natural extension of international sovereignty on the waters of the territorial sea and continental shelf. The continental shelf area Acquires major importance in various subjects such political, economic, strategic and military. These subjects led to a conflict of interest among the coastal States, depending on their geographical situation. So that this situation led to different legal points of view on how to limit the borders among these states. The right of sovereignty, and its natural extension and how to limit the maritime areas that include the seabed and its outer space may also be one of the reasons that hinder the process of defining the maritime boundary between Iraq, Kuwait and Iran. In fact there are different criteria for limitation of the boundaries of the continental shelf defined by the Law of the Sea 1982, including the nature of the area, or the distance required to determine them. However, the difficulty lies in the process of delimiting the continental shelf between neighboring States that do not have good faith in reaching the delimitation of the continental shelf. The Convention has Explained how to delimitate the boundaries of the continental shelf adjacent to the territories of two neighboring States through agreement between them, or through the process of applying the equidistant principle, or midline from base points defined to delimitate the territorial sea.

Digital literacy and it’s challenges

India's education system has shifted from conventional to digital learning because of Covid-19 pandemic, which has put the whole planet on lockdown. The Scheduled Tribes of Himachal Pradesh could not escape it’s effect. Due to online education which is the only way of education, their children are unable to get formal education because of difficult geographical situation, poor internet facility, irregularity of electricity service, poor infrastructure, lack of mobile phones, laptop and computer. This paper aims to explore the problem of getting the education of the Scheduled Tribe of the districts of Kinnaur and Lahaul-Spiti, as well as the two sub-divisions of District Chamba: Pangi and Bharmour (designated as Scheduled Areas) of Himachal Pradesh during Covid-19.

Chile’s New Start

Chile is the Global South’s “exceptional nation” in terms of wealth and historical development patterns, but most recently it has been aligning with some of the geopolitical area’s traits. Together with the constitutional reform process, the resounding victory of the left under the lead of Gabriel Boric Font (born 1986) in Chile’s December 2021 presidential elections has opened up a new socio-political landscape for the country. At the center of the nation’s potential restart remains once again social policy which traditionally touches upon the core of Chile’s political culture and basic understanding of the institutions. The expectations for a “progressive renewal” are hopeful yet mixed. This article analyzes Chile‘s presidential election of 2021 and what the winning of the Social Convergence Party (Convergencia Social) means for the country‘s future. The reasons of the left‘s triumph, the national and the international implications of president Boric‘s government, and the cultural and institutional challenges facing the new government in terms of economic reforms could become examples for other areas in the Global South—both in the positive and in the negative sense. Due to its exceptional geographic, socio-cultural and institutional situation Chile may deserve the status of one of those rare “small states” in international affairs that infuse some case study teachings to their peers and the greater global community. Although the nation is relatively unique in its geopolitical environment, its potential as a model of a more balanced future in the Global South can be bigger than its actual regional size and influence.

Land Use Transition and Eco-Environmental Effects in Karst Mountain Area Based on Production-Living-Ecological Space: A Case Study of Longlin Multinational Autonomous County, Southwest China

The linkage mechanisms and optimization strategies between land use transition and eco-environmental effects that occur in the production-living-ecological space of karst mountain areas remain under-explored in the current literature. Based on county data collected in Longlin Multinational Autonomous County of Guangxi, which is located in the rocky desertification area of Yunnan, Guangxi, and Guizhou, this study contributes a county-level analysis on land use transition and eco-environmental effects by addressing two research questions: (1) Which factors of land use transition are related to the eco-environmental effects of production-living-ecological space? (2) What are the key land allocation mechanisms behind the interventions of local rocky desertification regulation policies? We conducted two sets of analyses to answer these two questions: quantitative analyses of the spatial and temporal evolution between land use transition, rocky desertification, and its eco-environmental effects, and qualitative analyses of policy interventions on production-living-ecological land development and rocky desertification management. The findings show that the occurrence of rocky desertification accompanied by unreasonable land use structure transition and its important factor is caused by ecological land being restricted by production-living land. Specifically, urbanization strategies coordinating ecological and socio-economic effects is significant to karst mountain areas. Moreover, the orderly increase of woodland slows down rocky desertification. Policies of “returning farmland to forest” and “afforestation of wasteland” have significantly reduced rocky desertification that can be applied to other geographical situations.

La signification de l’Aurignacien du Zagros

The concentration of Aurignacian sites in the Zagros mountain range (Iran, Iraq) implies two important consequences in the ancient history of the Eurasian continent. On the one hand, this core area will spread (through the Near East, Anatolia, the Caucasus and the Crimea) the lifeways and the modern population. On the other hand, this geographical situation corresponds to the southern area of the great Asian plain, extended from the Altai Mountains and centred on Bactria. In this immense and game-filled area, constant innovations appear both in the behavioural and anatomical domains. The Zagros is thus both the frontier and the reservoir of modern humanity, stemming from central Asian experiences, those that will spread widely and then take the place of the European Middle Palaeolithic.

An Archaeological landscape of Sharif Abad (Solgi) settlement area in the Gamasi-Ab River Basin in Central Zagros

Solgi or Sharif Abad tepe (A&B) is one of the larger settlement sites of the Gamasi-Ab river basin in Nahavand plain. This site lies at the intersection of old ancient roads that go from Sahne, Harsin and Kangavar to Nihavand and the other eastern regions. In the study of this area, pottery from the Early Bronze Age (Godin IV-Yanik, Kura-Araxes), pottery related to Godin III, II and pottery of the historical period were obtained. The examination of these pottery artefacts reveals extensive cultural exchanges of the inhabitants of the region with the northwestern and neighboring areas in the Bronze and Iron Ages. In addition, a closer examination of the lifestyle in this settlement area gives us a complete view of these people’s use of biological resources and their interaction with the environment. Among the reasons for the location and development of this settlement in the Bronze and Iron Age the main one was easy access to water resources and fertile agricultural lands. This article provides a brief overview of the geographical situation of the region and the history of archaeological research conducted in Nihavand and then focuses on the natural landscape of Sharif Abad. The next part of it describes the archaeological data from this location and analyzes its chronology. The article is concluded by a succinct summary.

Achieving greater policy coherence and harmonisation for marine litter management in the North-East Atlantic and Wider Caribbean Region

The effects of marine litter pose ecological, economic and optional value threats to the countries and territories on the margins of the Atlantic Basin. As the abundance of transboundary marine litter increases, this in turn has triggered the development of marine litter policy action plans and inter-regional collaboration. The OSPAR Commission and Cartagena Convention of North-East Atlantic (NEA) and the Wider Caribbean Region (WCR) respectively, have established a memorandum of understanding to facilitate collaboration for enhanced marine litter management. In light of this development, this paper conducts a scoping review of management measures of marine litter within these regions as well as a coherence analysis between their regional action plans (RAPs). The analysis uses a proactive framework based on a modified categorization by Chen (2015) and Williams and Rangel-Buitrago (2019) for comparatively analyse management measures. The analytical categorizations include legislation and enforcement measures, prevention, removal, monitoring, research, information management and exchange and education and outreach. Although specific approaches differed among the regions depending upon geographical and individual situations, each categorization included detailed management activities except for prevention in NEA and removal in the WCR. The comparative analysis demonstrates that there are opportunities for inter-regional cooperation, knowledge sharing and overall enhanced and informed marine litter management.

Determinants of grandparent–grandchild digital contact in Italy

The broad definition of intergenerational contact includes not only meeting face-to-face, but also the important element of communication at a distance, such as via telephone. With the pervasion of the Internet and electronic devices, digital contact has become another increasingly important option. We examined digital contact between grandparents and grandchildren in comparison with traditional forms of contact (i.e. face-to-face and by telephone) using Italian data from the 2016 Families, Social Subjects and life cycle (FSS) survey. We found that grandparents belonging to younger cohorts, those with higher education, those who lived in urban areas and those in better health were more likely to maintain digital contact with their grandchildren. Results also show that digital contact tends to compensate for a lack of (frequent) face-to-face contact, and to cumulate with telephone contact. Our results have significant implications for the current and future development of intergenerational relationships as they suggest an increasing role of digital contact for distant geographical situations. Against the background of persisting inequalities in the access and the use of the Internet, our findings emphasise the need to improve digital network connectivity and user skills, particularly among specific sub-groups of the population.

Evaluation of Soil Chemical Properties and Organic Carbon along the Distance Gradient from Sea Coast in Coastal Soils of Northern Saurashtra Region of Gujarat

Aims: In present time, salinity and alkalinity of the soils are serious problems in India as well as in Gujarat. These soils are usually supposed to be originated as a result of high water table, arid and semi-arid weather, ingress the sea, water, saline nature of barren materials, poor drainage and salt deposition through wind-blown particles. The current study aimed to study the soil chemical properties and organic carbon in soils of Northern Saurashtra coastal region (Jamnagar, Devbhumi Dwarka and Porbandar district) of Gujarat.
 Study Design: Field survey and laboratory analysis
 Place and Duration of Study: The twenty surface soil samples were collected from each taluka viz. Jodiya, Jamnagar and Lalpur talukas of Jamnagar district, Khambhalia, Dwarka and Kalyanpur talukas of Devbhumi Dwarka district and Porbandar taluka of Porbandar district of Northern Saurashtra Coastal region of Gujarat during May, 2019 and analysed in laboratory of Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, JAU, Junagadh (Gujarat) during 2019-2021.
 Methodology: In this field-laboratory investigation, 141 grid-based surface (0-15 cm) soil samples were collected from farmer’s field, through the use of GPS at the distance of 0-5, 5-10, 10-15 and 15-20 km from coastal line and analysed for different chemical properties. Sampling sites were selected based on geographical situation, climate and local data of taluka. In laboratory, the collected samples were analysed for SOC, EC2.5, CaCO3, CEC and water-soluble ions.
 Results: On the basis of analyzed data, it can be concluded that soil EC2.5 was found beyond to its critical or marginal limit up to 0 to 5 km distance from sea coast. The soil organic carbon status of Northern Saurashtra coastal region was found in medium (5.14 g kg-1) category. The soils are calcareous in nature (CaCO3 121.20 g kg-1) with alkaline in reaction (pH2.5 7.58).
 Conclusion: The EC2.5, CaCO3, CEC and water-soluble ions except K+ were decreased, while pH2.5 and SOC were slightly increased with increasing the distance from sea coast. The content of organic carbon in soil was noted below to its critical limit up to 10 km distance from sea coast in Northern Saurashtra which might be due to salinity hazard and shallow light texture.

CONSISTENCY CHECKING METHOD OF SURFACE COVERAGE DATA RESULTS

Abstract. Combined with the acceptance of the surface coverage data results of the national geographic situation monitoring project, as well as the consistency requirements between the surface coverage data results and the background data, the "three tone" data results, the digital orthophoto data and the field investigation and verification data, this paper puts forward the quality control method of the surface coverage classification data results by analyzing the quality problems found in the inspection. This method provides a technical reference for the quality control of the national geographic situation monitoring project and a method basis for quality inspection.

MULTIMODE SATELLITE IMAGE HYBRID BLOCK-ADJUSTMENT AND ITS APPLICATION IN LARGE AREA ORTHOPHOTO IMAGE PROCESSING

Abstract. Different satellite images have different positioning accuracy. For example, stereo satellite images have higher positioning accuracy than resource survey satellite images. In addition, for a large number of non stereo satellite images, due to the inability to build a strong triangulation model, it is impossible to carry out block adjustment alone to improve the image positioning accuracy. High precision and high resolution Orthophoto Images are the basis of resource investigation and monitoring and basic geographic information updating. For example, China's third national land survey, national geographic situation monitoring and other national projects require that the survey base map must reach the accuracy of 1:10000 scale, that is, the mean square plane error of points is less than 5m. For most satellite images, a certain number of ground control points need to be deployed to achieve this accuracy. Due to the difficulty of obtaining high-precision ground control points and DEM data in difficult areas, high-precision mapping has always been an unsolved problem, such as Western China. In addition, due to the limited coverage of a single satellite image, to realize the complete coverage of an image in a large area requires the joint application of multiple satellite images. In this paper, the high-precision collaborative geometric processing model and technical method of high-resolution multi-source remote sensing satellite images are proposed. The high-precision collaborative geometric processing of more than ten kinds of high-resolution domestic satellite images is completed by integrating multi-source observation data. An automatic construction method of large-scale block adjustment model of remote sensing images from domestic satellites based on multivariate generalized control network is proposed, including key technologies such as automatic optimization of optimal tie points under different modes, automatic matching of multi-node parallelization tie points, multi-level gross error elimination and so on, which realizes the automatic and stable construction of aerial triangulation model. The test shows that the positioning accuracy of satellite images is better than the accuracy requirements of 1:10000 scale without ground control points, which solves the problem of geometric positioning of 1:10000 scale accuracy in areas where it is difficult to obtain ground control points in the field of Western China.

Factors influencing the acceptance and patronage of E-commerce logistics operations in Nigeria

BackgroundIn the global world that is technologically driven, efficiency and productivity of businesses that have decided to embrace technology are achieved by e-commerce logistics (ECL). E-commerce logistics has received momentous attention in the developed countries but less attention in the developing countries. There have been some elements of uncertainty regarding the relevance of e-commerce logistics especially in the developing countries. To fill this gap, this study explored the factor influencing the acceptance and patronage of e-commerce logistics in Nigeria.MethodsThe following e-commerce and logistics businesses: Jumia, Konga, Kobo360, Breath2Wealth, Okrikah, DeliveryBros, Cartehub, STYLISTAA, and DayDone Limited, were explored in this study. The organizations were chosen because they were known for both e-commerce and logistics business. Qualitative research method and case study research design were employed for data collection through a purposive sampling technique. Primary data were targeted at two representatives from each organization.ConclusionsThe study found that external factors, political situation, government initiatives, economic situation, geographical situation, technology infrastructure, sociocultural situation, and public wakefulness have significant influence on the acceptance and patronage of e-commerce logistics in Nigeria. The study also found that many e-commerce companies also venture into distribution, thereby providing some level of logistics such as warehousing, packaging, and transportation, but they were not well informed that their operation is beyond e-commerce. It is therefore recommended that such organization should include logistics to their operation. E-commerce logistics organization should clearly state their terms and condition regarding the law of carriage which should be in accordance to the Nigeria law of Carriage.

The Response of Agriculture in Bangladesh to Climate Change: A Review

Human activities are expected to result in significant temperature increases, which will primarily affect low-lying countries, particularly Bangladesh because of its agriculturally based economy. Bangladesh is a frequent victim of the pattern of climate change, which includes changing temperatures, rainfall patterns, the production of carbon dioxide (CO2), the destruction of the ozone layer (O3), melting ice and sea-level rise, natural calamities, and so on. Moreover, its geographical situation, population density, extreme poverty, and dependency on agriculture are also responsible for prolonging the stresses and slowing down the progress of agriculture cultivation, and achieving the desired food security by 2030, which was declared by the United Nations in September 2015. This is why I argue for a consideration of agricultural harm from the position of anthropogenic climate change. First and foremost, such a position allows for an understanding of Bangladeshi agriculture and its climate change. Secondly, this focus draws attention the climate change and its impact that affects the process of agriculture progression. Finally, a frontier concentration on the climate change adaptation strategies by the government. Keywords: Climate change, Agriculture, crops, drought, Bangladesh DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/12-10-04 Publication date: May 31 st 2022

Iterative Ensemble Kalman Smoother Applied to History-Matching Coalbed Methane Wells

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper URTEC 208291, “Introducing Iterative Ensemble Kalman Smoother to History-Matching Horizontal Coalbed Methane Wells,” by Rubakumar Sankararaj, SPE, and Sylvain Ducroux, SPE, Resoptima, and Dan Kuznetsov, SPE, Arrow Energy, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. This study presents the iterative ensemble Kalman smoother applied to a low-permeability coalbed methane (CBM) field in Australia. All wells in the studied reservoir are completed with an artificial lift system and permanent downhole gauges. A forecast study was conducted to validate the history-matched ensemble. The results showed a good match of 12 months of the new production data not used in history matching, which highlights the robust prediction capabilities of the approach. Geology of the Study Area Because of its strategic geologic and geographic situation in Queensland State, the Bowen-Surat area constitutes one of the more economically significant sedimentary provinces of the Australian mainland and one of the world’s major coal and coal-seam-gas-producing regions. This study considers the Q seam from the Late Permian. Although its thickness varies in the basin because of merging and splitting, it is continuous locally, with an approximate thickness of 5–6 m.

White Skin and the Black Mask™

White Skin and the Black Mask™

Island Identity in the Malagasy Bible Translation

This exploration of island identity considers the island of Madagascar, not as an ideology or mythology, but as a country with its distinctive geographical situation and environment, a reality which shapes the culture, language, and identity of its people. After highlighting different aspects of island identity in the context of Madagascar, the paper explores how this is reflected in the language and culture, and in Bible translation.

Internal, Regional and International Distances of Adherence of Kurdish Regional to Arabic Iraqi

The consequences of WW1 ‎1914-1918 have repucations on south Kurdistan. Research question is the central question of the study that focus on what is impact on Kurdish society at that time. The aims researh demonstrate unclear aspects on isolation of southern Kurdistan. At That time the case in the framework of Mousl state between Britain and Iraqi state in one hand and Turkey in another hand is settled in benefit of the Iraq and Britain. This case is relevant with some internal and international motives. The internal ones: the case of Kurdish Nationalism, religions approach , the scattered speech of Kurdish and geographical situations while in terms of regional and international motives the secret agreement during war , oil and economy of Kurdistan ,the balancing of ethnic and religions of Iraq and the beneficiaries and capitalism of Europe has played a key role . This investigation has centered on the entire case and it’s potential of final decision of group of nations.

"Development of Specialized Maps Based on the Analysis of the Medical Geographical Situation of Uzbekistan (on the Example of Jizzakh and Siyrdarya Regions)"

"Development of Specialized Maps Based on the Analysis of the Medical Geographical Situation of Uzbekistan (on the Example of Jizzakh and Siyrdarya Regions)"