Genus-group Names Research Articles

Catalog of the Aphid Genera Described from the New World

A nomenclatural and bibliographic catalog of the genus-group names of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) from the New World is presented. The catalog includes 206 available genusgroup names with type species with New World localities, full bibliographic citations, and other associated nomenclatural and taxonomic information. Two nomenclatural discrepancies are resolved: Siphonophora acerifoliae Thomas is designated the type species of Phymatosiphum Davis, and Strenaphis Quednau nomen novum is proposed as a replacement name for the homonymic Stenaphis Quednau.

Annotated checklist of weevils from the Papuan region (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea)

The following checklist includes 2,955 species-group names and 553 genus-group names of weevils occurring in the Papuan region. Major islands treated are: Aru, Biak, Bougainville, Manus, Mysol, New Guinea, Salawatti, Trobriand, Waigeo, Woodlark, and Yapen Islands and the islands of the Admiralty, Bismarck, d’Entrecasteaux, and Louisaide Archipelagoes. Maps of the region with historically important collection localities are provided. Entomological expeditions to the region and collections containing significant weevil material are summarized. All available family-group, genusgroup and species-group names are arranged alphabetically for all families of Curculionoidea known from the region. All currently accepted species epithet are annotated with taxonomic references, notes on published distributions, past taxonomic changes, infrasubspecific names, and species-group synonymies. The following nomenclatural changes are proposed: the monotypic genus Neplaxa Casey is a new synonym of Pantoxystus Pascoe; its type species Neplaxa illustratus Casey is a new synonym of Pantoxystus rubricollis (Boisduval). Two subgenera of Neosynaptops, Neosynaptopsis Legalov and Pseudosynaptos Legalov are new synonymies of Euops (Neosynaptops) Voss revised status. Typespecies are designated for 25 genera, changes of rank or status are proposed for 19 taxa, and 88 new combinations are listed in “Nomenclatural changes.”

An annotated check list of the world’s whiteflies (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

An updated check list of the world’s extant whitefly species is presented, comprising 1556 accepted species names in 161 genera, together with a further 210 species-group names and 40 genus-group names in synonymy. 13 nomina nuda, seven nomina dubia and six species now formally excluded from the Aleyrodidae are listed. Nomenclatural changes introduced here are 10 new generic and 10 new specific synonymies, together with 23 new combinations, seven new replacement names for junior homonyms and one revived original combination. Three subfamilial names are available in the Aleyrodidae, most species being placed in the Aleyrodinae or Aleurodicinae. The controversial third subfamily, Udamoselinae, is briefly discussed. For species currently regarded as valid, only the original and current combinations are given, with authorities. Original countries of description are given, here updated to reflect current geopolitical boundaries, but distributions and biological data are not given. An index to all names is provided.

Nomenclatorial and faunistic notes on some world Aderidae (Coleoptera)

New records are provided for the following species: Aderus populneus (Creutzer, 1796) from Armenia, Azerbaijan and Cyprus; Otolelus flaveolus (Mulsant & Rey, 1866a) from Tessin and Valais (Switzerland), O. neglectus (Jacquelin du Duval, 1863) from Switzerland; O. ruficollis (Rossi, 1794) from Jordan, and Pseudanidorus pentatomus (Thomson, 1864) from Italy. Euglenes oculatus (Paykull, 1798) is excluded from the Italian fauna. The southernmost records for Pseudanidorus pentatomus (Italy, Latium) and Phytobaenus amabilis amabilis R. F. Sahlberg, 1834 (Italy, Calabria) are provided. The following synonymies are established: Xylophilus pruinosus var. testaceus Baudi di Selve, 1877b (not X. testaceus Kolenati, 1846) = Otolelus pruinosus pruinosus (Kiesenwetter, 1861) n. syn.; Xylophilus testaceus var. humeralis Favre, 1890 (not X. humeralis Champion, 1890a) = Otolelus neglectus (Jacquelin du Duval, 1863) n. syn. Escalerosia n. gen. (type species Hylophilus aculithorax Escalera, 1922) is described by validation of Escalerosia Báguena Corella, 1948 [nomen nudum]. Type species are designated for the following genus-group names: Pseudolotelus Pic, 1901 (type species Euglenes punctatissimus Reitter, 1885), Syzeton Blackburn, 1891 (type species Syzeton laetus Blackburn, 1891), and Syzetoninus Blackburn, 1891 (type species Syzetoninus mundus Blackburn, 1891). The following names are established to be unavailable: Carinatophilus Báguena Corella, 1948; Escalerosia yebonensis ab. benzanensis Báguena Corella, 1948; E. severini ab. telluricus Báguena Corella, 1948; E. bicolor var. binigropedes Báguena Corella, 1962; Hylophilus curtipennis var. tauricus Pic, 1917, and H. monstrosipes var. semibrunnescens Pic, 1917. Otolelus Mroczkowski, 1987, established as replacement name for Olotelus Mulsant & Rey, 1866a (not Olotelus Solier, 1851), lacks a type species and is an unavailable name; its authorship is attributed to Klinger (2000), who fixed Xylophilus pruinosus Kiesenwetter, 1861 as type species. Euglenes pygmaeus (DeGeer, 1775) is an incorrect subsequent spelling of pygmeus but is in prevailing usage, thus it is deemed to be a correct original spelling. Notoxus ruficollis Rossi, 1794, currently Otolelus ruficollis (Aderidae), and Notoxus ruficollis Champion, 1890 (Anthicidae) are homonyms but the senior homonym was placed in a separate genus before the junior name was described, so no immediate nomenclatorial action is required. Xylophile Latreille, 1825 is confirmed to be a vernacular unavailable name, whereas Xylophilus Latreille, 1829 (type species Notoxus populneus Creutzer, 1796) is a synonym of Aderus Stephens, 1829 n. syn. Xylophilus Curtis, 1830 (type species Anthicus oculatus Paykull, 1798), is removed from synonymy with Aderus Stephens, 1829 and is established to be an objective synonym of Euglenes Westwood, 1830 n. syn. Xylophilus bimaculatus is confirmed to be only a subsequent incorrect spelling (unavailable name) of X. bisbimaculatus Hampe, 1850. Euglenus, Aglenes, Helophilus, Pseudoloterus, Tokyophilus, Tokiophylus, Xilophilus and Xylophylus are established to be subsequent incorrect spellings (unavailable names) of Euglenes Westwood, 1830, Hylophilus Berthold, 1827, Pseudolotelus Pic, 1901, Tokiophilus Pic, 1921 and Xylophilus Latreille, 1829, respectively. Xylophila Lamarck, 1817 is excluded from the Aderidae; a formal assignment of this genus to a family based on a type species selection has not been done.

Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) of Portugal: genus-group names and their type species

The type species and nomenclature are discussed in detail of the genus-group names that have been used, correctly or incorrectly, in combination with species recorded from Portugal. This work strictly adheres to the rules of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, in order to promote nomenclatural stability. The contents are strictly nomenclatural as no view is taken on the taxonomic validity or rank of the genus-group names. A total of 171 available names are examined. Evidence is provided in each case for the reasons why the stated nominal species is believed to be the validly designated type species. Many instances were found in the modern literature of type species statements not in compliance with the requirements of the Code. In most cases it is a senior synonym that is stated as type species, instead of the nominal species originally included when the genus was established. That, fortunately, does not cause nomenclatural instability but should be corrected. In three cases where nomenclatural stability is threatened, Anisoplia Schönherr, 1817, Phyllopertha Stephens, 1830, and Scarabaeus Linnaeus, 1758, it is suggested that prevailing usage should be maintained until a case is made to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature and a ruling is published.

Checklist of catfishes, recent and fossil (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes), and catalogue of siluriform primary types

A checklist of Recent and fossil catfishes (Order Siluriformes) is presented, summarizing taxonomic literature published through 2005. From 4624 nominal species group names and 810 genus group names, 3093 species are recognized as valid, and are distributed among 478 genera and 36 families. Distributional summaries are provided for each species, and nomenclatural synonymies, including relevant information on all name-bearing types, are included for all taxa. One new name is proposed herein: Clariallabes teugelsi, as a replacement for Clarias (Allabenchelys) dumerili longibarbis David & Poll, 1937, which is preoccupied by Clarias longibarbis Worthington, 1933, but has been treated as a valid species of Clariallabes by Teugels. Acrochordonichthys melanogaster Bleeker, 1854, is designated as type species of Acrochordonichthys Bleeker, 1857, inasmuch as no earlier valid designation has been found. A new genus Pseudobagarius, is proposed for the “pseudobagarius group” of species formerly placed in Akysis. The status of 228 species group names remains unresolved and 31 names based on otoliths ascribed to catfishes are listed but not placed into the checklist. The current emphasis given to catfish taxonomy at present is likely to result in a dramatic increase in the total number of valid taxa as well as major changes in the membership of some of the higher level taxa recognized here.

On a little-known work by A.H. Haliday containing nomenclatural notes on Diptera genus-group names (Insecta: Brachycera)

In reviewing the Diptera literature for the earliest subsequent designations for genus-group names in Diptera as part of the Biosystematic database of World Diptera (BDWD) project (Thompson, 2006), I came across a lengthy review article by A.H. Haliday in The Natural History Review in 1855. In this work, Haliday reviews works on northern European Diptera by Zetterstedt, Staeger, Stenhammar, Wahlberg, Boheman, and Dahlman. His reviews include his own views on the status of various taxa proposed in these works including synonymies and his views on classification in comparing the taxa in these works with the British taxa. In his rather detailed review of Zetterstedt’s works, Haliday gives type designations for nine genus-group names, with three of them earlier than previously recorded. I give notice of these earliest type-species designations here in the hope that it will provide useful information for the student of dipterology. The designations in Haliday (1855) are of the same type species as those designated by Rondani, so there is no change in taxonomic concepts of the three genus-group names listed here.

Conspectus genericus scorpionorum 1758–2006 (Arachnida: Scorpiones)

Genus-group names introduced for all extant scorpions in 1758–2006, are listed. The treatment follows the Conspectus of Francke (1985), with considerable additional information accumulated during intensive scorpio-logical research of 1983–2006. We list, as currently valid, 191 genus-group names, which include 167 genera and 24 non-nominotypic subgenera. The list also includes all available genus-group synonyms as well as unavailable names and detected incorrect spellings.

Taxonomic diversity of the genus Ochicanthon in Sundaland (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

Until a few years ago the small scarabs treated in this paper figured in the literature and in collections under the genus-group name Phacosoma Boucomont, 1914, a widely used junior homonym, for which the replacement name Ochicanthon Vaz-de-Mello, 2003 was proposed. As currently understood Ochicanthon comprises a variety of more or less slender-legged Canthonini, essentially Oriental in distribution, most of them characterized by the combination of long first tarsal segments on the middle and hind legs, a bidentate clypeus, an evenly, slightly convex dorsal side, a broadly produced, roundish protibial apex, and a double-crested elytral pseudepipleuron – all attributes that suffice to distinguish them without problems from other Oriental Scarabaeinae. They appear all to be associated with carrion and/or excrements. Locally, at least in Southeast Asia, they may be quite common in forest environments, being easily attracted to baited ground traps – even in forest remnants, as on Singapore Island. This paper increases the number of known Ochicanthon species with 13 to a total of 36. Long series were obtained during both our own field campaigns and those of ecological colleagues, mainly on Borneo. On analyzing ecological samples some decades ago (see for instance Hanski & Krikken 1991), we already recognized several new Ochicanthon (= Phacosoma) Taxonomic diversity of the genus Ochicanthon in Sundaland (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

REVISION, PHYLOGENETIC, BIOGEOGRAPHIC, AND HOST ANALYSES OF THE ENDEMIC WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN PHYMATOPSALLUS GROUP, WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF 9 NEW GENERA AND 15 NEW SPECIES (INSECTA: HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE: PHYLINAE)

Abstract Phymatopsallus Knight, 1964 and related genera endemic to the American Southwest and northern Mexico are revised. Nine new genus-group and 15 new species-group names are proposed. One previously proposed genus-group name and 9 species-group names are treated as junior synonyms. Color digital habitus illustrations of male specimens are provided for all species and females for most species; line drawings of male genitalia are provided for all species; line drawings of female genitalia are provided for one or more representatives of most generic groupings; scanning electron micrographs are used to illustrate a standard set of features for most taxa. Maps are provided to portray the distributions of all Phymatopsallus-group taxa and the outgroup taxon Schaffneropsallus, new genus. A phylogenetic analysis is conducted for 29 ingroup and 3 outgroup taxa. Distributional patterns and host associations are analyzed and discussed.

The Systematic Position of Certain South American Buprestid Genera (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)

Achardella and Pseudolampetis, both Obenberger, 1926, are recognized at the genus rank and placed with Ectinogonia Spinola, 1837 and Chalcopoecila Saunders, 1871. The current placement and rank of several South American buprestid taxa is the result of a rather confused path from an inconsistent approach by several different authors. In the run-up towards the completion of a world catalogue of Buprestidae (Bellamy, in prep.), I wanted to revisit the taxa discussed herein and propose a stable alternative. The genus-group names Achardella (Fig. 2), Cordillerita (Fig. 6), Kheilia and Pseudolampetis (Fig. 4), all Obenberger (1926), each originally proposed as a genus, have been variously considered since then. Subsequently, Obenberger (1940) noted that Kheilia was preoccupied by an orthopteran (Kheilia Bolivar, 1898) and proposed a replacement name: Kheiliella. In the first modern revision of Ectinogonia Spinola, 1837 (Fig. 1), Cobos (1954) recognized Pseudolampetis and Achardella. Cobos (1957) discussed the systematic position of Chalcopoecila Saunders, 1871 (Fig. 3) and later, Cobos (1959) synonymized Kheilia under Ectinogonia (and in comparison with Achardella) and subsequently restated that opinion (Cobos 1972), apparently unaware of Obenberger’s replacement name Kheiliella. Additionally, Cobos (1972) transferred Cordillerita to Chalcophorini, synonymized Pseudolampetis under Psiloptera (Lampetis) Spinola, 1837 (Fig. 5) and reduced Achardella to a subgenus of Ectinogonia. Bellamy (1985) followed those decisions, while Moore (1986) used Ectinogonia (Pseudolampetis) for a new species

Type species designations and other nomenclatural notes on Palaearctic Melolonthinae and Cetoniinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Scarabaeidae)

The nomenclatural status and correct spelling of several genus-group and species-group names of Palaearctic scarab beetles are discussed. Type species are designated for the following genus-group names of Palaearctic Melolonthinae: Brachydema Fairmaire, 1881 (type species Brachydema lamberti Fairmaire, 1884), Microtrichia Brenske, 1900 (type species Phytalus eurystomus Burmeister, 1855), Pseudohoplia Reitter, 1890 (type species Hoplia gabriellina Fairmaire, 1887), and Sparophysa Burmeister, 1855 (type species Pachydema bullata Burmeister, 1855). Type species are designated for the following genus-group names of Palaearctic Cetoniinae: Melanosa Mulsant & Rey, 1871 (type species Cetonia morio Fabricius, 1781), Pachnotosia Reitter, 1891 (type species Cetonia marmorata Fabricius, 1792), Polydomia Thomson, 1880 (type species Macronota cervina Wallace, 1867), Potosia Mulsant & Rey, 1871 (type species Cetonia floricola Herbst, 1790), and Tetragonus Gory & Percheron, 1833 (type species Agestrata dehaani Gory & Percheron, 1833). The following genus-group names were determined to be unavailable: “Microtrogus” Mikšić, 1965, “Paramonotropus” Medvedev, 1951, “Sinoliocola” Alexis & Delpont, 1998. Clarifications are made on the nomenclature and correct spelling of several other genus-group and species-group names.

Nomenclator generum et familiarum Chilopodorum II: A list of the genus- and family-group names in the Class Chilopoda from 1958 through 2005

Between 1 January 1958 and 31 December 2005, 62 genusand 8 family-group names were proposed for extant taxa in the class Chilopoda. All are catalogued herein along with two earlier generic names in the Geophilomorpha that have not been addressed. Accounts include citations and components for family-group names, and citations, genders, type-species and localities, and number of components for genus-group names; all but one typifications are by original designation. The species names “birket-smithi” and “nüeschi,” type-species of Phanothereua (Scutigeromorpha) and Asanadopsis (Scolopendromorpha), respectively, are emended to “birketsmithi” and “nueshi” to comply with articles in the Code prohibiting hyphens and diacritics in modern spellings. An alphabetical index is provided.

AN INDEX TO SELECTED SCIENTIFIC NAMES IN EDWARDS' (1929) MONOGRAPH ON BRITISH CHIRONOMIDAE

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Brachyplatystoma capapretum: a New Species of Goliath Catfish from the Amazon Basin, with a Reclassification of Allied Catfishes (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae)

Brachyplatystoma capapretum n. sp., a pimelodid catfish from the Amazon River, is described and diagnosed by its fine, densely spaced outer jaw teeth and relatively few rows of straight, depressible inner teeth; juveniles with large dark blotches on and above lateral line; adults with exceptionally dark pigmentation dorsally, abruptly countershaded near lateral line; broad, shallowly forked caudal fin. The systematic position of the new species was investigated with a maximum parsimony phylogenetic analysis of morphological characters. The resulting cladograms identify a nested set of unambiguous characters supporting the following monophyletic groups and taxonomic recommendations. Brachyplatystomatini new tribe is established for Brachyplatystoma and Platynematichthys and supported by two synapormorphies: two-chambered gas bladder connected by paired lateral tubes; cleithrum with blade-like ventral crest between pectoral spine articulation and posterior process of cleithrum. The monotypic genera Goslinia and Merodontotus are placed in synonymy with Brachyplatystoma characterized here by two synapomorphies: suspensorium greatly expanded mediodorsally, forming a massive plate approaching parasphenoid; juveniles with greatly elongated caudal-fin filaments developed from single outermost, unbranched principal rays. Bleeker's genus group name Malacobagrus is employed as a subgenus within Brachyplatystoma to include B. filamentosum, B. capapretum, and B. rousseauxii. Monophyly of Malacobagrus is supported by five synapomorphies: adults developing extensive reticulated system of lateralis tubules on body; Weberian complex with thick, ventral bony platform at gas bladder attachment; subquadrangular shape of opercle; pectoral spine with sulcus along anterior edge; small, non-sutured endopterygoid. Two unique synapomorphies place B. capapretum and B. filamentosum together as sister species: juveniles with spots on and above lateral line; caudal peduncle subcircular in cross-section.

On selected family-group names in Chironomidae (Insecta, Diptera), and related nomenclature

The most relevant scientific names of subfamilies, tribes, and subtribes with extant members in Chironomidae are tabulated and discussed. Nomenclature is unified and stabilized, resulting in the following changed spellings or data. Family-group names: Boreoheptagyiini Brundin, 1966; Chironomidae Newman, 1834; Diamesinae Kieffer, 1922; Harrisonini Brundin, 1966; Heptagyiini Brundin, 1966; Macropelopiini ZavÍel, 1929; Pentaneurini Hennig, 1950; Podonominae Thienemann & Edwards in Thienemann, 1937; Protanypodini Brundin, 1956; Tanytarsini ZavÍel, 1917. Genus-group name: Zavrelia Kieffer, Thienemann & Bause in Bause, 1913. Species-group names: Lasiodiamesa serpentina Edwards & Thienemann in Thienemann, 1937; Zavrelia pentatoma Kieffer & Bause in Bause, 1913. Applications for rulings by the ICZN will be submitted to try to A) conserve Coelotanypodini Fittkau, 1962 in place of a senior synonym; B) fix the type species of Orthocladius van der Wulp, and conserve Orthocladiinae Kieffer, 1911 in place of two senior synonyms; C) fix the type species of Tanypus Meigen, and render Tanypodinae available from Kieffer (1906) rather than from Skuse (1889; type genus misidentified); and D) conserve Zavreliina Sæther, 1977 in place of a senior synonym.

The Diptera Genera of Jacques-Marie-Frangile Bigot

A total of 210 available [2 unavailable plus several nomina nuda] genus-group names proposed by J.-M.-F. Bigot in Diptera are listed and annotated. Additionally, emendations by other authors and incorrect original and subsequent spellings of these genus-group names by Bigot are also listed. Type-species designations are proposed here for the following 13 genus-group names: Acanthodelphia Bigot, 1857; Atmobia Bigot, 1857; Dohrnia Bigot, 1854; Goureautia Bigot, 1854; Microdromya Bigot, 1857; Paragymnopternus Bigot, 1888; Paranthomyia Bigot, 1882; Paraspilogaster Bigot, 1882; Parazelia Bigot, 1882; Parmalomyia Bigot, 1882; Pelechoidocera Bigot, 1856; Psilopodinus Bigot, 1888; Rondania Bigot, 1854. The following 6 new genus-group name synonymies are proposed: Atmobia Bigot, 1857 under Serromyia Meigen, 1818, new synonym; Dohrnia Bigot, 1854 under Dicranomyia Stephens, 1829, new synonym, Goureautia Bigot, 1854 under Ula Haliday, 1833, new synonym; Paragymnopternus Bigot, 1888 under Gymnopternus Loew, 1857, new synonym, Paranthomyia Bigot, 1882 under Anthomyia Meigen, 1803, new synonym; Rondania Bigot, 1854 under Ula Haliday, 1833, new synonym.

History and nomenclature of the Conocardioidea (Mollusca: Rostroconchia)

In this nomenclatural-historical account of the genera of the Conocardioidea (Mollusca: Rostroconchia) several inconsistencies and errors in the taxonomy and nomenclature of the Conocardioidea are clarified.Cardium aliforme J. de C.Sowerby, 1827, is recognised as type species of the genusConocardium Bronn, 1835, according to the ICZN 4th edition. Based on subsequent incorrect spelling which is in prevailing use, the spellingC. aliforme takes precedence overC. alaeforme andC. aliformis. Further nomenclatural difficulties concerning the generaHippocardia Brown,Pleurorhynchus Phillips,Lichas Steininger andRhipidocardium Fischer are settled. All genus group names and all higher taxa of the Conocardioidea until 2003 are checked from a nomenclatural point of view. The order name Conocardioida is emended herein into Conocardiida as originally used byNeumayr and because it does not conform with Latin grammar.

Clarification on the Nomenclatural Status of Six Genus-Group Names in the Tribe Trichiini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae)

Six genus-group names in the tribe Trichiini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) are discussed with regards to their availability and validity under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Aleurostictus Kirby, Archimedius Kirby, Euclidius Kirby, Gymnodus Kirby, Tetrophthalmus Kirby, and Trichinus Kirby all have priority over most other generic names in the tribe but none of the names are in prevailing usage. Clarifications are needed due to the reemergence of Aleurostictus Kirby in current literature and confusion over the nomenclatural status of the other names. Type species are designated for Aleurostictus Kirby, Tetrophthalmus Kirby, and Stegopterus Burmeister and Schaum. The gender of the genera Trigonopeltastes Burmeister and Schaum and Apeltastes Howden is also discussed.

The genus Anthelephila (Coleoptera: Anthicidae)

The genus Anthelephila Hope, 1833 and its type species, Anthelephila cyanea Hope, 1833, are redescribed. Based on examination of the type material, the following new synonymy is proposed, Anthelephila Hope, 1833 (= Formicoma Motschoulsky, 1845 syn. n.) and A. cyanea Hope, 1833 (= Notoxus caeruleus Thunberg, 1787 syn. n.). Five genus-group names are regarded as unjustified emendations and are placed as synonyms: Anthelephila Hope, 1833 (=Anthelephilus LaFerte-Senectere, 1849; Formicosoma Motschoulsky, 1845; Myrmecosoma Mannerheim, 1846; Formicomus LaFerte-Senectere, 1849; Orthauchen Krekich-Strassoldo, 1925 syn. n.). A lectotype is designated for Anthelephila cyanea Hope, 1833.