Genuine Motivation Research Articles

The influence of stakeholder theory and Islamic faith on employee perception of CSR

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the influences of employee perception of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the Readymade Garment Industry (RMG). The RMG industry in Bangladesh has faced constant criticism of their working practices, and following some fatal incidents, the industry was faced with external pressures of implementing CSR practices and policies. Manufacturers invested and initiated CSR in their business and marketing strategy to survive in the global competition. Employees are internal stakeholders that help to implement and disseminate strategies successfully; however, there is not enough knowledge in the area of employee perception of CSR. Design/methodology/approach The paper is an exploratory study using the quantitative data collection method. In total, 128 responses have been collected from participants who are employees of garment factories in Bangladesh to understand their perception of CSR. Regression analysis has been conducted to ascertain the relationships between the factors that influence employee perception. Theories of stakeholder management, organizational citizenship behaviour, social exchange theory and employee engagement have been used to analyse the factors that influence employee perception. Findings The findings show that the factors that influence perception of CSR are not confined to the stakeholder’s initiatives but are significantly dependent on the employees’ direct involvement, engagement and personal values as a beneficiary and an executioner. In addition to the stakeholder’s initiatives that are a key deliverable to the marketing strategy, the employees are influenced by their personal beliefs and practices that can be associated with influences of religion, culture and the wider social landscape. Research limitations/implications The data is limited to a small number of factories located near the capital, Dhaka, this is a small sample compared to the 4,000 factories in Bangladesh. Further research can be conducted based on a larger data set, which could represent a wider range of employee perspectives from different factories relating to size, product category and geographical location. The study does not expand on the factors that influence employee perception specifically. Practical implications The findings of the study can help the employers understand that the organization’s priority and participation are not the only factors that influence the employee’s perceptions. The employees’ assessment of the stakeholder’s intentions of CSR, which are reflected in the organization’s priority, shapes employee perceptions that are influenced by their personal values and beliefs. The awareness of the factors that influence the employees will enable organizations to motivate them and deliver on expectations of the business partners. Social implications It is the practices aimed at the employees that enhance their engagement in CSR that enable them to reciprocate and influence their perception of the organization’s fair and genuine motives. The effectiveness of this aids the macro-marketing aspects of managing social concerns and the impact of businesses. Originality/value The data collected is primary data from employees of garment manufacturers. The hypothesized framework is developed by the authors, and the outcomes of the factors that influence the employee perception of CSR are escalated from the analysis conducted by the authors.

A CRITICAL APPROACH OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORIES

Along with the evolution of society, the theories of social entrepreneurship have also evolved, and the aim of our research consists of the critical analysis of the theories related to entrepreneurial intention with a particularization of social entrepreneurship. Our research results led us to conclude that the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is still a dominant theory used to measure entrepreneurial intention. However, the resource-based theory is much more oriented toward creating a genuine motivation for social entrepreneurs to transform their ideas into a social project, and the resources that the community makes available to the entrepreneurs have the potential to stimulate them to fulfill social goals. Consequently, the emotional feature of the social entrepreneur contributes to the promotion of entrepreneurial behavior oriented towards solving a specific social need of the community or society.

A Study of the Developmental Mechanisms of Inter-Team Conflict Processes Within Multi-Team Systems - An Exploratory Analysis Based on a Collaborative R&D Context.

The analysis of the pivotal determinants that impact the progression of inter-team conflict processes in multi-team systems, as well as their underlying mechanisms, serves to explicate the developmental framework of said conflict processes. This study adopts a vantage point centered on the evolution of inter-team conflict in multi-team systems, with a specific focus on the sequential progression including"conflict latency → conflict perception → conflict management → conflict outcome → conflict feedback. By transmuting qualitative data into quantitative data through the discernment of inter-conceptual relationships' directionality and quantity, this study distills the key chain of relationships between categories. Employing the explanatory structure model, the developmental mechanism of inter-team conflict processes in multi-team systems is unveiled. Notable sources of conflict include team goal identification, team role multiplicity, inter-team relationships, and team competence. Factors that exert a significant influence on conflict management comprise inter-team conflict types, inter-team relationships, team competence, inter-team heterogeneity, team affiliation, and system goals. Reviewing the genuine motivations underlying conflict management behavior, as well as adopting a lengthier temporal perspective, emerges as a crucial consideration when analyzing the implications of conflict management on both the system and the team for evaluative purposes. Inter-team communication emerges as a pivotal influence on the efficacy of conflict management, which, in turn, is influenced by boundary managers, inter-team heterogeneity, and the inter-team interactive memory system. Through an in-depth analysis of the hierarchical interrelationships among factors that influence conflicts within teams, we have established a model for the conflict development process. This model is instrumental in comprehensively understanding the dynamics of conflict evolution within teams. It serves as a reference point for formulating more precise and effective conflict management strategies. Moreover, this model not only offers practical guidance for resolving conflicts within a multi-team framework but also enhances inter-team collaboration. Therefore, it contributes significantly to achieving the objectives of the multi-team system.

Интерактивные методики обучения философии студентов направления подготовки «Менеджмент» в контексте миссии современного (технического) университета

Using the example of the introductory philosophy seminar for students of the Management training course, the application of the case study methodology is demonstrated as the most effective in the context of the implementation of the mission of a modern university, which has the generic properties of a university as a cultural phenomenon and, as a result, is aimed not only at the formation of a highly qualified specialist, but also sets itself a larger task the “production” of the personality of a professional who is able to fully solve both business problems and problems related to personal and social value-semantic, existential choice. It is shown how, through the use of mini-cases in the process of teaching philosophy, it is possible to create a genuine motivation to study the subject field of philosophy with prolonged educational goals: not only teaching philosophy as a discipline and gaining the skill of critical thinking, but also the study of philosophical problems, which will allow in the future to professionally solve managerial problems.

Ideological motivation and economic policy on examples of high-ranking bureaucracy’s actions (part 1)

It is considered interdependence of ideological motivation and pursuing economic policy, role of high-ranking bureaucracy in the decision-making process, significance of mentality and of historical-juridical heritage on Russia’s, Cuba’s, Venezuela’s, Serb Republic in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s examples. It is analyzed the deliberate renunciation of mercantilist and protectionist traditions in modern France and Germany, genuine motives of Euro-commission’s strategy, role of so called «the economic establishment» in dismissals of the British Prime-Ministers without to hold an general election.

David Mamet’s Oleanna: A Contravention of University Ethics Through Controversial Defamation

Objectives: This study aims to explore the potential risks associated with lecturer-student interactions in a university setting. It also endeavors to underscore the roles that instructors and students play within the academic environment and how they respond to any potential issues that may arise. 
 Methods: The study adopts a critical approach to analyze Mamet's Oleanna. It relies on textual analysis of the play, complemented by an interview with the dramatist David Mamet to enhance the understanding of his intentions. The language used by each character, considered a fundamental element, is crucial in unveiling their genuine motivations. 
 Results: The study demonstrates that many significant problems can be identified and effectively managed. It also affirms that the relationship between the professor and the student is inherently contentious unless built on mutual respect and understanding. Ignoring appropriate university ethics may lead to instances like Carol defaming Professor John. Therefore, establishing a calm and secure learning atmosphere, free from improper behavior by some lecturers or students, is deemed the most suitable approach. 
 Conclusions: The study concludes that individuals may intentionally conceal their true intentions to avoid embarrassment. Manipulating goals to justify means is identified as a violation of university ethics. Professor John, instead of violating university ethics like Carol, accepted defamation and humiliation. This emphasizes the importance of maintaining ethical standards in academic settings.

Study of Ma'anil Hadith "Asking for a Leadership Position": The Case Study of Abu Dzar Al-Ghifari’s Hadith

There are pros and cons from scholars regarding Allah's prohibition when asking for a candidacy position in a campaign for political office. This difference has been caused by the arguments in the Qur'an and al-Sunnah which prohibit or allow candidacy. Candidates can be justified if they have sufficient capacity, capability, and acceptability, as well as genuine motives to seek the pleasure of Allah and serve the public interest, not for personal gain or to the detriment of society. This study examines the hadith about "asking for a leadership position" with the Ma'anil hadith approach in library research. Data was collected from various hadith books and hadith syarah books. then Takhrij al-hadith is carried out to determine the quality of hadith, and understanding of hadith is analyzed using textual and contextual approaches. The results of the research show that all hadiths that prohibit asking for leadership positions have a high level of authenticity and can be used as evidence. Textually, the prohibition indicates that asking for a position will result in regret, and leadership positions are only given to those who meet certain requirements, not by asking. However, contextually, this prohibition may change according to the situation and conditions when running for office. Thus, from haram can be makruh, mubah, and so on.

Student Perceptions of Language Advising as a Complement to the Flipped Classroom

The flipped classroom was implemented in an intermediate-level Italian class in the Philippines. Owing to the difficulties of the flipped classroom as described by existing literature, which includes a general lack of genuine motivation to access the materials needed for autonomous learning, language advising was conducted as a complementary tool to assist in the smooth implementation of the flipped classroom without the need to resort to extrinsic motivational strategies. Five students participated in the language advising sessions which were scheduled four times throughout the semester for each student with a duration of twenty minutes each. Through an open-ended questionnaire, the participants gauged their perceptions of the complementarity of the language advising sessions to the flipped classroom that was implemented throughout the semester. Using thematic content analysis for the open-ended responses, the following themes emerged from the students’ experiences: a sense of control of one’s own learning, personalized instruction, performance boosting and balance, and a fostering of student rapport.

What are they in it for? Marginalised group members' perceptions of allies differ depending on the costs and rewards associated with their allyship.

Advantaged group allies can incur costs or rewards as a result of their allyship. The present work investigates whether such costs and rewards affect how marginalised group members perceive these allies. Across four experiments that collectively examine marginalised group members' perceptions of individual and corporate allies in the context of allyship for women's rights, Black Lives Matter and the LGBTQI+ community, we find that allies are perceived differently as a function of the costs and rewards associated with their allyship. Allies who face costs are perceived more positively in terms of tenacity and genuine motivations, and are generally evaluated more favourably compared to allies who do not face costs and those who, instead, garner rewards for their allyship. These findings demonstrate that marginalised group members are cognisant of the costs and rewards allies may reap, and that this information can shape their judgements of allies' investment in the cause.

Impact of a COVID-19 certificate requirement on vaccine uptake pattern and intention for future vaccination. A cross-sectional study among French adults

BackgroundIn August 2021, France enacted a COVID-19 certificate requirement (vaccination/recovery/test) to access specific services, with mandates for professional groups. We evaluated the impact of this incentive-coercive policy in terms of vaccine uptake equality, future vaccine intention and confidence in authorities’ crisis management. MethodsIn late August 2021, a representative sample of adults (18–75 years) completed an internet-based questionnaire. We classified vaccinated participants by stated reasons for vaccination and estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) using multivariable Poisson regression. Counterfactual vaccine status assumed non-vaccination of those vaccinated for the certificate. We analysed the association of free-text testimonial themes with level of confidence in authorities. ResultsAmong 972 participants, 85.7% were vaccinated or intended vaccination: 3.6% only for certificate/mandate, 17.7% mainly for certificate/mandate plus other reasons, and 64.4% mainly for other reasons. In the counterfactual situation, vaccine uptake would have been significantly more likely among older vs. younger participants (aPR = 1.35) and among those with moderate-high vs. low levels of confidence in authorities for COVID-19 crisis management (aPR = 2.04). In the observed situation, confidence was the only significant determinant of vaccine status (moderate-high vs. low, aPR = 1.39). Among those without genuine motivation for vaccination, professionally active persons were more likely to have ceded to the certificate requirement (aPR = 3.76). Those vaccinated only for the certificate were more likely to express future COVID-19 vaccine intention than unvaccinated persons (aPR = 6.41). Themes significantly associated with lower confidence were criticism of morality (aPR = 1.76) and poor communication by the authorities (aPR = 1.66). ConclusionThe incentive-coercive policy has reduced the negative association of vaccine status with younger age and low confidence in authorities, but may have reinforced isolation of professionally inactive persons. The requirement did not negatively impact future COVID-19 vaccine intention. Future vaccine-incentive policies should pay special attention to populations with low levels of confidence in authorities.

Strategies and premises of earnings management in public companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange – the results of survey research

Purpose: The paper's main aim is a holistic presentation of genuine motives, strategies and patterns of earnings management phenomenon in public companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Design/methodology/approach: The survey was carried out among 124 finance managers and public companies' accounting services representatives from the Polish capital market. The research sample selection was random (exhaustive testing); the survey was conducted in June-August 2023. Findings: During the research, it turned out that 29% of respondents admitted to implementing EM practices in firms they represent. Interviewees declared the use of various accrual-based and real EM instruments in a complementary way. The dominant EM strategies proved to be income smoothing and avoidance of earnings reduction, while the main reasons for EM implementation respondents included creating the image of a more profitable company (compared to the largest competitors), meeting market analysts' expectations regarding the level of reported financial result and showing better development prospects for the company. Research limitations/implications: This paper allows for identifying the level of willingness to implement earnings management practices among executives of public companies and, as well as measuring the awareness of finance managers and representatives of accounting services regarding the possibilities of using particular instruments and techniques of accrual- based and real earnings management in business practice. Originality/value: This study fills a gap in the literature regarding the accounting data quality reported among listed companies in Poland. Most studies on the issue of earnings management focus on estimating the scale and scope of the practices mentioned above using specific regression models. Empirical research based on survey techniques in which respondents professionally responsible for financial reporting in listed companies would present their views or experiences regarding earnings management is rarely seen. Keywords: accrual-based earnings management, real earnings management, public companies, survey research. Category of the paper: research paper.

THE SOURCES AND DYNAMICS OF TURKEY’S ANTAGONISM TOWARDS THE EURO-ATLANTIC ASPIRATIONS OF SWEDEN AND FINLAND

Since 1949, NATO’s membership has increased from 12 to 31 countries through nine rounds of enlargement. Allegedly, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization door remains open to any European country in a position to undertake the commitments and obligations of membership, and contribute to security in the Euro-Atlantic area. Yet, any decision to invite a country to join the bloc is taken by the North Atlantic Council on the basis of consensus among all Allies. This dichotomy has attracted particular attention following Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, which ‘encouraged’ historically non-aligned Finland and Sweden to apply for NATO membership. Apparently, the Euro-Atlantic aspirations of both Nordic countries have immediately encountered strong Turkey’s antagonism. While Finland is now a NATO Ally as of 4 April 2023, Sweden has got merely an official Invitee status. Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg has highlighted that NATO’s priority is for Sweden’s accession to be completed as soon as possible as well. Although President Erdogan submitted Sweden’s accession protocol to the Turkish parliament for ratification in October 2023, there is an ongoing discussion on the reasons why the process has been held up by official Ankara. This article aims at exploring the genuine motives behind Turkey’s reluctance to clear the way for the country to become part of the Western military-political bloc. It argues that self-positioning of Turkey as a non-conventional NATO Ally pursuing an autonomous policy, trying to have its own national security concerns better accommodated by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, has been a critical factor.

The role of perceived autonomy‐supportive communication for motivating prejudice reduction and avoiding defiant backlash within the police force workplace

AbstractWorkplace prejudice‐reduction efforts tend to be short lived at best, and can even arouse defiance, or a desire to oppose requests or rules, in employees. The motivational approach of self‐determination theory (SDT) describes how communicating about prejudice reduction can be scaffolded in ways that inspire genuine motivation and avoid eliciting defensive responses. From an SDT perspective, such autonomy‐supportive communications take the perspective of the employee, provide choice about how to best approach attitude change, provide a rationale or compelling reason for the importance of change, offer structure through explaining the consequences of bias, and avoid the use of shame to compel change. In two multi‐wave studies with British police officers and staff, we hypothesized that employees would report lower prejudice (operationalized as having less antagonistic attitudes toward police forces investing in diversity) when they perceived forces to communicate about prejudice in autonomy‐supportive ways (Studies 1 and 2). We also tested whether this association would be explained by lower defiance when perceiving the force to communicate in autonomy‐supportive ways (Study 2). Results supported the main effect of perceived autonomy‐supportive communication relating to lower prejudice in multi‐wave (Study 1, n = 1226) and longitudinal data (Study 2, n = 232). We consider implications for communicating about prejudice‐reduction efforts in the workplace.

Challenges of Online Education for Teachers and Parents in the Emirati School System

<p style="text-align:justify">This study examined the challenges and issues faced by teachers and parents related to the transition from face-to-face instruction to online instruction. During the COVID-19 pandemic, ten teachers and ten parents from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) school system were interviewed to reveal their challenges in managing online teaching and learning. According to the findings, both teachers and parents encountered several problems. Teachers faced challenges such as the need to adapt their teaching strategies and techniques to the new situation, the need for technical support to facilitate the teaching-learning process, the lack of students’ in-class participation and genuine motivation, and the nature and format of the teaching platform, and the fact that they need to have a high level of experience in using technology to serve their students well and engage them in interactive classroom activities. Parents reported several challenges, including lack of experience with the online learning platform, unwillingness to work with teachers to use the online learning platform effectively, lack of experience in properly preparing their children to participate in active online instruction, and multiple children attending different classes at the same time. These challenges place a great burden on parents who must support their children in the younger grades.</p>

Using life-history narrative writing to examine EFL preservice teachers' preconceptions of teaching and teachers and their initial motivation to undertake teacher education

PurposeThis study examines EFL preservice teachers' life-history narrative. The objectives of the examination were to identify the preconceptions of teaching and teachers that the preservice teachers brought to teachers college, the sources and biographical origins of these preconceptions, and to what extent, if any, the preconceptions influenced their initial motivation to enroll in a teacher education program.Design/methodology/approachUsing a life-history narrative as the method, the authors aimed at capturing and describing the critical moments in the preservice teachers' educational histories, the people involved in those moments (Clandinin and Conelly, 2000) and the sociocultural factors that might have influenced their preconceptions of teaching and the work of teachers as well as their decision to undertake teacher education.FindingsThe narrative analysis of the autobiographies has revealed that the preservice teachers still viewed teaching and teachers from altruistic perspectives. These preconceptions were based on the apprenticeship of observation and highly influenced by significant moments, the people they interacted with throughout their life and educational history and the sociocultural value of teaching and teachers in Indonesia. These preconceptions have influenced their genuine motivation to undertake teacher education and their commitment to the teaching profession. Several pedagogical implications for teacher education are also presented.Originality/valueThe authors’ study contributes to the scholarly conversations about the critical roles of life-history examination in the understanding of preservice teachers' motivation to undertake teacher education.

Understanding Smart Energy Transitions as a New Source of Distrust:The Perspectives of Hong Kong Citizens on the Risks of Regional Intercity Energy Collaboration in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA)

Hong Kong has an ambitious carbon neutral goal to meet by 2050. Achieving this goal requires a departure from a traditional city-scale centralised, fossil fuel-based energy infrastructure to a more decentralised, locally-generated renewable energy (RE) while expanding the regional intercity smart grid system to accommodate RE import in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). Such energy transitions inevitably bring new social challenges, but how Hong Kong citizens perceive such transitions in the GBA context is not well studied. This study draws on quantitative and qualitative data derived from an online deliberative poll (DP) (N = 174) on smart energy transitions. We have four key findings. Firstly, citizens showed a low level of trust in the national, provincial, and city governments whilst a high level of trust towards the incumbent electricity companies. Secondly, citizens showed distrust to the governments, suspecting that the genuine motives of the governments were to prioritise regional RE import over local RE production. Thirdly, citizens raised concerns over five types of risks (price volatility risks, energy reliability risks, cost overrun risks, data privacy risks, and environmental risks) that contributed to new sources of public distrust in governments’ competence. Fourthly, the public distrust toward multilevel governments was found to be underpinned by demographic factors (age group and family size) and a sociopolitical context of recent social movements against government policies. Our findings suggest that policymakers in the GBA need to give sufficient attention to enhancing public trust, and thereby the policy legitimacy of regional smart energy transitions.

The COVID-19 pandemic and corporate social responsibility of Korean global firms: from the perspective of stakeholder theory

Background: The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused tremendous socio-economic problems. All societies worldwide were faced with an emergency situation, and many were puzzled by the implementation of various countermeasures to overcome this situation. Such events call for active engagement and support from the private sector. Noting the expected social role of the private sector, this study builds on stakeholder theory and investigates the corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities of Korean global firms facing the difficulties of this situation. Methods: This study collected and analyzed news reports about the CSR activities of three representative Korean global firms (Samsung Electronics, LG Electronics, and Hyundai Motors). News reports posted from January 2019 and after January 2020, when the COVID-19 outbreak occurred in Korea, were collected. From the reports, the main keywords illustrating their CSR activities were extracted, and the frequency of each company was analyzed. Results: Findings showed that their CSR activities during the COVID-19 pandemic were conducted in a prompt and systemic way. They maintained focus on their main CSR activities, which were closely aligned with their business and CSR visions; simultaneously, they rapidly identified the areas needing support from their daily business activities and responded to them immediately and discretionary. This highlights their genuine motives in their CSR activities and good citizenship, as well as their significant role as rescuers during countrywide disasters. Conclusions: Supporting stakeholder theory, this study shows the broadly defined CSR activities of Korean global firms focusing on their target stakeholders. The agile and systemic approach to the companies’ CSR activities can benefit both society and businesses, contributing to creating social values and sustained co-prosperity with society. Furthermore, this study suggests that a close collaborative relationship with the government can produce a synergistic effect on community building recovering from a nationwide disaster.

The COVID-19 pandemic and corporate social responsibility of Korean global firms: from the perspective of stakeholder theory

Background: The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused tremendous socio-economic problems. All societies worldwide were faced with an emergency situation, and many were puzzled by the implementation of various countermeasures to overcome this situation. Such events call for active engagement and support from the private sector. Noting the expected social role of the private sector, this study builds on stakeholder theory and investigates the corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities of Korean global firms facing the difficulties of this situation. Methods: This study collected and analyzed news reports about the CSR activities of three representative Korean global firms (Samsung Electronics, LG Electronics, and Hyundai Motors). News reports posted from January 2019 and after January 2020, when the COVID-19 outbreak occurred in Korea, were collected. From the reports, the main keywords illustrating their CSR activities were extracted, and the frequency of each company was analyzed. Results: Findings showed that their CSR activities during the COVID-19 pandemic were conducted in a prompt and systemic way. They maintained focus on their main CSR activities, which were closely aligned with their business and CSR visions; simultaneously, they rapidly identified the areas needing support from their daily business activities and responded to them immediately and discretionary. This highlights their genuine motives in their CSR activities and good citizenship, as well as their significant role as rescuers during countrywide disasters. Conclusions: Supporting stakeholder theory, this study shows the broadly defined CSR activities of Korean global firms focusing on their target stakeholders. The agile and systemic approach to the companies' CSR activities can benefit both society and businesses, contributing to creating social values and sustained co-prosperity with society. Furthermore, this study suggests that a close collaborative relationship with the government can produce a synergistic effect on community building recovering from a nationwide disaster.

Anomali Dalam Pelaksanaan Pelayanan Gereja Di Masa Kini

The Christian life is closely related to the world of ministry and the church, because the purpose of church attendance is to serve and enlighten the world. To serve is to be a blessing to those who are served, so that Jesus Christ himself set an example when he was present in the world in human form by serving selflessly and without limits. However, these days there are people who call themselves servants of God or ministers in the church who act in the name of ministry to achieve personal ambitions. This study aims to analyze the causes of anomalies in the implementation of church services today. The results: First, there is a good understanding of the nature and purpose of "ministry" on the one hand, but on the other hand there are errors in the implementation of church services due to impure motivation in carrying out church services, so that it is contrary to God's will. In conclusion, there is a need for synchronization and consistency between understanding the meaning of church ministry and its goals and genuine motivation so that the implementation of church services can achieve its goals in accordance with God's will. Because without the right understanding and motivation in serving, the implementation of church services is not just a beautiful show, but actually a whitewashed grave.

Convex concordance measures

Based on the Scarsini axioms characterizing concordance measures between two random variables X and Y linked by a copula C, we introduce and discuss convex concordance measures. In their simplest form, they are dependent, except for a few degenerated cases, on a value of C at a single point (x,y) such that 0<y≤x≤12, and on the values at seven other points corresponding to this point, namely, (y,x), (x,1−y), (1−y,x), (1−x,y), (y,1−y), (1−x,1−y) and (1−y,1−x). Our approach covers, among others, such classical concordance measures as Spearman's rho, Gini's gamma, Blomqvist's beta, but also the concordance measures introduced by Fuchs and Schmidt. Though some of the introduced constructions are related to the results of Edwards, Mikusiǹski and Taylor, they offer a genuine motivation and provide a more transparent view.