Variety Of Genres Research Articles

EVOLUTION OF THE DYSTOPIAN GENRE

The article examines the stages of the formation of the genre of dystopia in the context of the world literary process. Dysutopia, which is a model of forecasting the future, reacts particularly acutely to the problems and challenges of modernity, projecting them onto imaginary societies of the future. Thanks to this, it gains special popularity in modern literary discourse, attracts the attention of more and more readers. As a result of the analysis, three stages of the development of the genre were established. The first stage covers the first half of the 20th century and is characterized by the design of the main genre features. In particular, the important features characteristic of this genre are the presence of a closed, linear space, the futuristic and prognostic nature of dystopian works, the conflict between a strong personality and the repressive apparatus of a totalitarian state or a unified, mechanized society. In the dystopias of the second period, which is the second half of the 20th century, we trace the expansion of issues, the variety of new artistic stylistic and compositional techniques, as well as the acquisition of features of other genres. The third period is the 20s of the 19th century, characterized by multi-vector development, processes of genre diffusion and convergence, which caused the appearance of a large number of genre varieties. The works are characterized by parody, grotesqueness, and violation of genre canons. We consider the dystopia of this period as a metagenre, which allows us to identify different genre variants of dystopia.

Hybrid identity and the image of the native land in Kazakhstan Russian language poetry

The article is devoted to the problem of the world image in the poetry of modern Kazakhstan Russian-speaking poets. This problem is closely related to the authors’ self-identity. The Russian language is chosen by authors of various ethnicities: Russians, Kazakhs and Poles. Kazakhstan has historically developed as a multi-ethnic region; in post-Soviet times, Russian is largely preserved as a language of interethnic communication. The article identifies and analyses the following components that make up the hybrid identity of Russian-speaking authors: their memory of ethnic roots, sociocultural identity, regional identity and civic identity. It is shown that such features as transborderness and transculturation, characteristic of the “nomadic” subject of modern poetry, fully correspond to the type of nomadic culture that has long been established on the territory of the Great Steppe. Hybrid identity in the poetry of Kazakhstan Russian-speaking authors determines its polysubjectivity, interaction of voices and dialogue among speech zones of different subjects, giving rise to the effect of the lyrical poetry “romanization”, which affects the prosaization of the verse form. Of the genre varieties, the most characteristic one is the form of poetic conversation. A striking feature of this poetry is the lyrical hero’s self-irony and the active use of intertextuality. Different components found in the authors’ inner self does not as much create a conflict situation as it allows them to avoid thinking in rigid binary oppositions, without removing a critical view of both today’s Kazakhstan and Russia.

Quantifying Syntactic Complexity in Czech Texts: An Analysis of Mean Dependency Distance and Average Sentence Length Across Genres

ABSTRACT This study investigates the syntactic complexity of various text-types in the Czech language by analysing the mean dependency distance (MDD), a measure that quantifies the average distance between syntactic heads and their dependents within a sentence, and average sentence length (ASL). Using data from the SYN2020 corpus, a large and balanced collection of contemporary written Czech, we calculate the MDD and ASL for different text-types. Our findings reveal distinct patterns in the MDD and ASL values across genres, suggesting that syntactic complexity varies among different types of texts. We observe a clear distinction between fiction and non-fiction genres, with fiction exhibiting lower MDD and ASL values, indicating a more compact syntactic structure. Non-fiction genres, particularly scientific literature, display higher MDD and ASL values, reflecting more complex syntactic constructions. Journalistic texts, such as newspapers and magazines, fall between fiction and non-fiction in terms of MDD and ASL values. These results demonstrate the potential of MDD and ASL as quantitative measures for characterizing and differentiating text-types based on their syntactic complexity. Furthermore, our analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of the syntactic variations across diverse genres in the Czech language.

Reception of audiovisual translation in China: a survey study

ABSTRACT China was traditionally a dubbing country, but contemporary viewing habits and the reception of different modes of audiovisual translation have been relatively understudied. This article analyzes how subtitling and dubbing are received among contemporary Chinese viewers, based on the findings of a large-scale online survey distributed to adult participants of different age groups in China. 877 participants responded to the survey from 23 provinces and regions mainly from mainland China. The findings suggest that foreign-language films have a greater appeal to younger audiences, many of whom are inclined to bilingual subtitles. Dubbing tends to be better received among older adults. Interestingly, subtitle fans tend to switch to dubbed versions when accompanied by children and older adults. In addition, positive reviews and public recognition are a stronger impetus to convert subtitle fans and boost the consumption of dubbed films, compared with other factors, such as genre variation and dubbed readaptation. This survey has delved deeper into the translation-related and technical variables that account for the lower popularity of dubbing. Moreover, it highlights a number of areas for future reception research in the Chinese context.

TYPOLOGICAL VARIETIES OF KAZAKHSTAN LEGENDS IN RECORDS 2021

The current state of non-fairy tale prose in the region remains an urgent problem in folklore studies. The purpose of the study is to analyze the genre varieties of legends recorded in 2021. The subject of the study is the current state of the legend genre in Russian folklore of the North Kazakhstan region, its classification and living conditions. To achieve the goal, methods of observation, typological, systemic, comparative, plot-motive, mythological-semantic, ethnolinguistic analysis, as well as cultural commentary are used. The material for the analysis is the legends recorded by students of the RL-20 group related to the history and sacred geography of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the North Kazakhstan region. As a result, a classification of typological varieties of legends is proposed, and a conclusion is drawn about the peculiarities of the existence of the genre.

Smirnova, N. (2023). Literary fragment and unfinishable text: Conception and reading. Moscow: Kanon-Plyus. (In Russ.)

Smirnova’s book deals with an interdisciplinary topic that is complex and little researched – unfinishable works and fragment as a form of existence of a literary text, also discussing the special prominence of unfinishable works in Russian literature of the first quarter of the 20th c. The transformation of the genre and semantics of a literary fragment and unfinishable work is examined across an impressive compilation of philosophical essays and fiction that allow for analysis of the genesis of unfinishedness and unfinishableness as an artistic creed. I. Smirnova creates a dynamic representation of the literary space of the period and a systemized description of the ideas about the essence of the literary phenomena in question. Such an approach enables a more accurate definition of literary fragment and unfinishable text, while the extensive body of analyzed personalities and works of diverse genres, the author’s genuine immersion in the period, and her original and individualistic judgements and conclusions create a reliable theoretical reference for subsequent research.

Творчество Галима Хисамова: зарождение политического романа в башкирской прозе ХХI века

The famous Bashkir novelist Galim Khisamov, the author of a number of major novels, occupies an important place in the literature of Bashkortostan in the first quarter of the XXI century. His talent was awarded the Salavat Yulaev State Prize, and many of his works have been translated into Russian. His most important difference among modern prose writers is that the author carries in his work the features of the national heroic character of the Bashkir people. The works of G. Khisamov reflect the mentality of the people, their proud spirit of the owner of their land, demonstrate the high level of intelligence and education of his many heroes, who lead their compatriots to a better life, and thus correspond to the accepted definitions of the nationality of literature. In the historical genre, the novel by the writer G. Khisamov “February Blizzard” was written, which is dedicated to the events of a century ago, the theme of the formation of the USSR and the Republic of Bashkortostan. But a novelty in the genre diversity is his political novel “President Rakhimov”, dedicated to the life of a major leader of such a powerful region as Bashkortostan. If the novel “February Blizzard” of 2017 about the formation of the Bashkir Republic can be attributed to the historical and political, then the novel about the first president of the Republic of Bashkortostan “President Rakhimov” can undoubtedly be attributed to the political. An important indicator of the realism of the novel is the appeal to a contemporary living in our time, a political figure. Of course, in the political novel “President Rakhimov” there are features of historical and industrial novels. Describing the activities of Murtaza Rakhimov as president in close-up, the author delves into the historical, socio-political, as well as production aspects of the republic’s governance for the benefit of its population. Undoubtedly, the experience of artistic development of politics as a specific life material in G. Khisamov’s novel is of interest both from the point of view of the formation of national political history and from the point of view of the development of national artistic and political culture and requires extensive literary study.

Bugenhagen's Harmony of Christ's Passion and Resurrection

Abstract: As head pastor in Wittenberg and professor at that university during the early Reformation, Johannes Bugenhagen (1485–1558) published works spanning a variety of genres. Of all Bugenhagen's writings, however, his most popular publication was a harmonization of the Gospel accounts of Christ's passion and resurrection. This project spanned Bugenhagen's career, starting in 1519 and continuing with revised published editions over the next thirty-five years. In all, over seventy editions of Bugenhagen's Gospel harmony were published in his lifetime and beyond, appearing in Latin, High German, Low German, Danish, Icelandic, and Polish. While some of the reasons why this significant text is not well known today are discussed here, this essay also describes many of the valuable historical and theological insights that Bugenhagen's harmonization contains as an influential work of the early Lutheran Reformation.

News Items of Russian and Foreign News Agencies on WHO Priority Pathogens: A Comparative Analysis

Introduction: Broadcasting socially important information, including that on infectious disease outbreaks, news agencies are one of the key open sources of epidemic intelligence. Objective: To compare news items on World Health Organization priority pathogens published by Russian and foreign news agencies. Materials and methods: Using the variants of the names of World Health Organization priority pathogens as search queries, among all Google search results on the websites of four agencies (Associated Press, Reuters, Novosti Russian Information Agency, and TASS Russian News Agency) we found 714 news items published in 2018–2022 that have one of the following diseases as the main topic: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever; Ebola virus disease, Marburg virus disease, Lassa fever, Middle East respiratory syndrome, Nipah and henipavirus infections, Rift Valley fever, and Zika fever. We carried out a quantitative (number of news items) and qualitative (topics) content analysis of the sample comparing the findings by agency and pathogen. Results: Each news agency accounted for 20 to 30 % of the sample (approximately 57 % in case of foreign ones), with greater genre diversity among foreign agencies. The vast majority of news items across all agencies were on Ebola (506 stories in total), while in 27 instances the number of the agency news stories on the pathogen was less than 20, and the largest gap between the news agencies regarding the number of the news stories on a single pathogen was seventeen fold (for Lassa). Disease incidence was the predominant topic of the news items. Discussion: Russian and foreign news agencies provided similarly intensive and topically diverse news flows on World Health Organization priority pathogens, with frequent non-reporting on different outbreaks (except for Ebola and Marburg virus diseases), and complemented each other with information relevant to Russian and Western audiences, respectively.

«У меня сдохла канарейка. Приезжай к нам на Рождество»: динамика жанрового канона сообщения в открытке в диахронии и в онтогенезе (на материале открыток, написанных детьми, из корпуса «Пишу тебе»)

The article features the speech genre “a message in a postcard” in Russian communicative practice of two periods: the period before 1917 Revolution and the Soviet period. The research is based on a subcorpus of 253 postcards written by children from the collection of postcards digital corpus “I am writing to you”. By observing the mastery of the genre canon by non-adult native speakers, we consider both the specifics of the speech genre and the dynamics of its changes that occurred at the turning point of two periods. The analysis showed that the speech genre “a message in a postcard” is sensitive to a large number of factors of different nature: its material substrate; achievements of scientific and technological progress; changes in the worldview and value picture of the world that occur in the linguistic and cultural community; the influence of dominant practices of using the visual component in communication. The changes brought by 1917 Revolution led to serious differences in the genre canon of the pre-revolutionary and the Soviet periods, which were reflected in children’s genre experiences. If in prerevolutionary children’s messages in postcards we observe vivid signs of natural written speech and even oral speech – ease, weak spelling control, phonetic principle of spelling, dialogical structuring, in postcards of Soviet children we see the use of speech templates, frequency of the collective addressee, strong spelling control, isomorphic intention of the text and visual design. Interpreting these differences, we conclude that before 1917, a message in a postcard was considered a kind of everyday family and friendly communication, close to its oral form, whereas in Soviet times the genre acquired a pronounced rhetorical public character. The sub-genre structure of analyzed speech genre also differs: in the pre-revolutionary collection, we find a variety of subgenres genres (“message”, “news”, “for memory”, “story about an event”, “from a trip”, etc.), and in Soviet times the genre repertoire narrowed to congratulations. Thus, a postcard written by children shows the genesis of the genre canon better, since the process of mastering the system of existing genre forms by an immature native speaker vividly profiles the specifics of these forms.

On the Structural and Semantic Features of Nanai Songs of the Agbaba Historical Region

The purpose of the research is to study the archaic features of the Nanai musical language, which is one of the genres of authentic musical folklore of the Agbaba historical region. Agbaba is one of the ethno-cultural zones of Azerbaijan, distinguished by its diverse genre system of musical folklore. It should be noted that the Agbaba region is now part of the Republic of Armenia and has been called Amasia since 1930. Historically, this region was inhabited by ancient Turkic tribes, which played a significant role in the ethnogenesis of Azerbaijan, and until the end of the twentieth century was famous for its cultural and ethnographic traditions. Research methodology. The article analyses from the semiotic point of view the samples of one of the genres of authentic folklore of the region – Nanai. According to the author, the use of semiotic methods of analysis can help to identify archetypal patterns of samples of the Nanai genre. Based on the analysis of the fretting and metro-rhythmic features of the musical language, the general typological model of the studied genre is determined. The scientific novelty of the research is that for the first time in ethnomusicology, the semantic analysis of samples of the Nanai genre, which was an integral part of the ceremonial culture of ancient Azerbaijanis, is carried out in this article. Conclusions. Based on the collected musical and ethnographic material and the analysis, it was concluded that the peculiarities of the Nanai musical language played an important role in the semantic content of various rites, distinguished by their syncretic nature. Notably, signs of syncretism are also manifested in the peculiarities of the musical language of Nanai samples that have survived to this day. For example, some kinetic musical signs testify to the applied function of Nanai samples. This fact eloquently testifies to the fact that the Nanai genre is of considerable interest from the point of view of modern ethnomusicology.

Metaphoric visual expressions in African art: an iconographical analysis of selected artworks by contemporary visual artists

Contemporary African artworks in their diversity are rich carriers of cultural meaning and values. In African art, there is an evolution in the context of visual metaphors as artists create narratives that are cognisant of global aesthetic developments. This study examines the creation and interpretation of indigenous visual metaphors by four selected contemporary Zimbabwean visual artists. An interpretive research design was used and this informed the use of in-depth interviews with purposively selected artists, studio observations, and artwork analysis to generate data. The diversity of art genres, media, and the creation of metaphoric artworks determined the sampling of artists. Findings revealed that visual metaphoric creations were inspired by community experiences and other artists. Visual metaphors were pronounced as vehicles for transmitting community messages. This study recommends extending the creation and interpretation of indigenous visual metaphors to the art education curriculum to inform culturally relevant and diverse practices.

Generate Comic Strips Using AI

The art of storytelling through comic strips has long been a favorite, grabbing the interest of readers of all ages and developing into a variety of genres today, from superhero comics to political comics. Comic strip readers are more literate, empathic, and open to social issues, according to studies. Comics have the power to change the way we see the world. This research paper presents a system (ComicGenie) for automatically creating comic strips for Batman based on user-entered text descriptions. The proposed system consists of distinct components such as character detection, environment detection, text bubble generation, and voiceover over the scenario, each specializing in different aspects of comic strip creation. SVM and fastText technologies in NLP were utilized for text classification when developing models. Overall, this research contributes to the field of comic strip creation, offering a comprehensive web application. The ComicGenie holds significant potential to revolutionize the comic industry and inspire new avenues for computer-generated storytelling.

Using Semi-Occluded Vocal Tract Exercises as a Vocal Tract "Reset"

Abstract: For decades, the benefits of semi-occluded vocal tract exercises (SOVTEs) in voice training and rehabilitation have been extolled, most especially how SOVTEs impact phonation. However, a second important, yet neglected aspect of SOVTEs identified in numerous research studies is how they affect the shape of the vocal tract. This article highlights how SOVTEs can passively expand the airway, alleviating unintended constrictions, freeing singers from attempting to "open the throat" through direct muscular activation. This expansion can serve as a vocal tract "reset," allowing singers to selectively shape the vocal tract, facilitatating the wide-narrow contrasts needed for singing in a variety of musical genres.

VR.net: A Real-world Dataset for Virtual Reality Motion Sickness Research.

Researchers have used machine learning approaches to identify motion sickness in VR experience. These approaches would certainly benefit from an accurately labeled, real-world, diverse dataset that enables the development of generalizable ML models. We introduce 'VR.net', a dataset comprising 165-hour gameplay videos from 100 real-world games spanning ten diverse genres, evaluated by 500 participants. VR.net accurately assigns 24 motion sickness-related labels for each video frame, such as camera/object movement, depth of field, and motion flow. Building such a dataset is challenging since manual labeling would require an infeasible amount of time. Instead, we implement a tool to automatically and precisely extract ground truth data from 3D engines' rendering pipelines without accessing VR games' source code. We illustrate the utility of VR.net through several applications, such as risk factor detection and sickness level prediction. We believe that the scale, accuracy, and diversity of VR.net can offer unparalleled opportunities for VR motion sickness research and beyond.We also provide access to our data collection tool, enabling researchers to contribute to the expansion of VR.net.

Феномен художественного свиста в традиционной культуре Китая и его связь с китайской классической литературой

The research aims to determine the meaning, place and main features of the artistic whistling “xiao” 啸 in the traditional culture and classical literature of China. The paper considers the earliest theoretical generalizations of the Chinese about whistling, indicates the whistling forms and techniques created by them, traces the history of whistling art in the context of the development of Chinese literature and identifies its various functions and influence on the creative work of writers. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time in domestic Sinology, Chinese whistling becomes the subject of a special comprehensive study: the philosophical basis, aesthetics and literary significance of artistic whistling are revealed, the periodization of the history of this art is given with a sufficiently detailed consideration of the most important epochs and periods, a classification of “xiao” is presented according to different types; its use in folklore and literature is analyzed. As a result of the research, a special and rather noticeable place of artistic whistling in Chinese traditional culture was determined, the philosophical and aesthetic essence of this phenomenon was revealed, the main functions and genre varieties of whistling art were identified, and its significance in Chinese classical literature was uncovered.

Works of R. Edelbauer in Context of Contemporary Austrian Literature of Early 21st Century

This study explores the novels of contemporary Austrian writer Raphaela Edelbauer (Raphaela Edelbauer, b. 1990) “The Fluid Land” (Das flüssige Land, 2019), “DAVE” (DAVE, 2021), “The Incommensurables” (Die Inkommensurablen, 2023) in the context of contemporary Austrian literature of the early third millennium. The relevance of the research is driven by the necessity to comprehend the trends in Austrian literature during an era of global changes. It is revealed that, on one hand, the author continues the traditions of Austrian literature of the second half of the 20th century, particularly on a thematic level (Austrian identity, overcoming the past, the false idyll of provincial Austria, conflicts between fathers and children, etc.), while on the other hand, delving into pressing contemporary issues (transhumanism, artificial intelligence, etc.). The concept of fictionality is central to the analysis, exploring the ways and specifics of its implementation in the artistic text in alignment with the author’s communicative intentions. Special attention is given to Edelbauer’s individual style, the uniqueness of narrative organization in the examined genre varieties (parable novel, science fiction novel, historical novel), and the quest for a “personal” language. The novelty of this research lies in the fact that Edelbauer’s work, distinguished by prestigious literary awards in Austria and Germany, has not been a subject of study in Russian literary studies.

A regularization algorithm for local key detection

In the field of music information retrieval, the detection of global key in both popular and classical music has been studied extensively, but local key detection has been studied to a lesser extent, even though modulation is an important component of compositional style. It is particularly challenging to identify key change boundaries correctly. We modeled this task as an optimization problem, that of finding out how to divide a piece into sections in different keys taking into consideration both the quality of the fit between the key and the section and the number of sections. We determined the optimal assignment of key to section using the Krumhansl–Schmuckler algorithm with a slightly modified version of the Krumhansl and Kessler key profile. We included a regularization algorithm in the formulation of our problem to balance the number of sections and avoid superfluous modulations. Using a dataset of 80 randomly chosen pieces of music in a variety of genres and levels of complexity, we compared our algorithm with a hidden Markov model (HMM) to determine which method is better for identifying local key. Our approach yielded significantly more accurate results and suggests future avenues of research.

Exhibitions of Art Works from Private Collections of Kazan in the Second Half of 19th — Beginning of 20th Century

The article uses the example of Kazan to reveal the process of organizing and holding exhibitions of artworks from private collections in the Russian pre-revolutionary province. Addressing this topic, which has not been sufficiently studied in the history of Russian art, is relevant because it expands the understanding of the phenomenon of exhibition activity, which is one of the most important aspects of artistic life in Russia. The source base of the present study is the catalogues of four exhibitions of paintings from private collections held from 1873 to 1916, as well as publications in the Kazan press of this period. The peculiarities of the organizational process, selection and exposition of works, and the owners of the works are revealed. It is established that the exhibitions were of charitable nature: their proceeds were directed either in favour of the starving or poor, or in favour of Russian soldiers. The main collectors of art works in Kazan in the second half of the 19th century were predominantly landed gentry and university professors (who came from the families of personal nobles and officials). By the early 20th century, representatives of individual merchant families also had significant art collections. The exhibited works represented the whole variety of genres, but they were dominated by landscapes and portraits, primarily family portraits, suitable for decorating mansions. Catalogues allow us to conclude that local collectors of the second half of the 19th century were primarily interested in foreign art (masters of the Italian, Flemish, Dutch, Belgian, German and French schools, mainly of the 17—18 centuries), as well as (to a lesser extent) Russian academic painting (from V.L. Borovikovsky and D.G. Levitsky to D. Zakharov) and itinerant painters (I.I. Shishkin, N.A. Yaroshenko). By the end of the 19th century, the vector of collectors’ preferences shifted towards contemporary Russian art (works by Makovskys, I.E. Repin, etc. were collected), and collecting works by local artists (K.V. Bardou, L.D. Kryukov, R.A. Stupin, N.I. Zeblov, etc.) began to develop as a special direction.

Changes in concentration performance and alternating attention after short-term virtual reality training in E-athletes: a pilot study

In the dynamic landscape of e-sports, where intense competitive gaming demands high cognitive abilities, concentration performance and alternating attention play a pivotal role. E-sports encompass diverse genres, each requiring specific cognitive functions. Maintaining unwavering focus is crucial, as split-second decisions can determine victory. The study explores the potential of Virtual Reality (VR) training to enhance concentration performance and alternating attention, shedding light on the importance and possibilities of optimizing cognitive abilities for e-athletes. VR training emerges as a promising intervention, offering immersive environments for cognitive exercises. The study investigates the impact of VR training on concentration performance and alternating attention in amateur e-athletes, utilizing standardized tests. A randomized controlled trial with 66 participants reveals significant improvements in the VR training group, highlighting the adaptability and plasticity of cognitive processes. The findings suggest that VR training can enhance concentration abilities, providing valuable insights for e-sports and potentially extending to other fields requiring sustained attention and rapid task-switching. The study underscores the convergence of cognitive psychology, neuroscience, and VR technology, paving the way for innovative training methodologies and advancements in e-sports performance.