Genius Research Articles

An Intelligent Adequate-Fitting Prediction Method of Coastal Tunnel Rock Deformation Based on the Effective Rank of Hidden Layer

The intelligent prediction of surrounding rock deformation is of great significance for guiding the design and construction of tunnel projects in coastal areas. The deformation of tunnels in coastal areas is more complex than that of the ground, and the risk of encountering adverse geological conditions is greater. The traditional tunnel deformation prediction method contains the defects of a fixed model, a limited sample number, and it is easy to fall into underfitting and local overfitting. Therefore, the capacity of previous methods is limited by significant error, weak generalization, and poor intelligence. This paper proposes an adequate fitting prediction method for tunnel deformation based on the effective rank theory of the hidden layer nodes’ output matrix to analyze the surrounding rock and predict its deformation intelligently. Based on the traditional BPNN (back propagation neural network) algorithm, the number of hidden layer nodes is determined by the effective rank of the output matrix. Then, the approximation error and degree were adopted to reflect the approximation law of the BPNN to achieve the purpose of overfitting and underfitting control. An optimized BP neural network model for intelligently predicting tunnel deformation is constructed. Then, the optimized BPNN model is applied to a case study of a coastal tunnel in South China. Compared with the prediction method of LR (linear regression) and TS (time series), the results show that the prediction results of the optimized model are in good agreement with the measured values, with strong generalization ability and high intelligence. The proposed method is of guidance to other tunnels surrounding rock deformation prediction and engineering practice.

The Views of Gifted and Non-gifted Students’ Parents about Their Children’s Digital Multitasking Performances

The purpose of this study was to determine parental views about the multitask performances of non-gifted students and gifted students, who were frequently said to demonstrate directly or indirectly metacognitive abilities such as high intelligence, strong working memory capacity and high memory. An interview form was used to collect detailed information about the students’ multitask performances in their daily lives, about the influence of digital tools in their learning processes and about the influence of multitask efforts on their achievements. Within the scope of the study, interviews were held with the parents of 12 gifted and 13 non-gifted students. For the analysis of the qualitative data, content analysis and discourse analysis were applied. There were parents who considered their gifted children’s multitask performances to be excellent, while some parents reported that their children were not successful in this respect. Similar to the parents of gifted children, some of the parents of children who were not diagnosed as gifted were suspicious of their children’s multitask efforts. In addition, some parents in both groups had moderate views about these efforts and shared uncertainty about the related consequences with the researcher.

Scaling Optical Interconnects for Hyperscale Data Center Networks

Due to widespread applications and rapid development of cloud computing and Internet services, hyperscale data centers have experienced an unprecedented demand for networking. Data center networks are required not only to handle fast-growing traffic, which doubles almost every one to two years, but also to provide high flexibility and availability to support rapidly changing businesses as well. Therefore, hyperscale data center networks have become one of the main drivers for optical interconnect technologies in recent years. In this article, technologies for scaling optical interconnects for inter-data center interconnects (DCIs) are presented. We first describe hyperscale data center network architectures and requirements, as well as the differences between carrier’s optical transport networks and DCI optical networks, with the main focus on metro-DCI and campus-DCI networks. The scale and fast growth rates of DCI networks require innovations not only in data plane technologies but also in control and management planes as well. In data planes, high-capacity flexible coherent technology, pluggable wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) optical transponders, including 100G direct-detection four-level pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM4) and coherent 400ZR/800ZR, and flex-grid and disaggregated reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) optical networks are described. Control and management planes are an integral part of optical transport networks and crucial for effectively operating DCI networks. We show that standard protocols, data models, and modular design of a software platform are essential to building a scalable open and disaggregated optical network, which is fundamental to enabling high automation and intelligence in an optical network. An example control and management platform is discussed in detail. With current fiber capacity approaching the nonlinear Shannon limit, challenges to further scale DCI networks and some potential technologies to support ever-increasing traffic growth are discussed at the end.

Time domain speech scrambler based on particle swarm optimization

Abstract Speech scrambler is used to transform clear speech into an unintelligible signal to prevent eavesdropping. The speech scrambling algorithm involves the permutation of speech segments depending on a specific permutation matrix which may be fixed or dynamic during encryption. A fixed permutation matrix is easy to break and has given high residual intelligibility in the scrambled signal. The proposed scheme used a particle swarm optimization algorithm to generate a dynamic permutation array that can attain a high degree of security. The outcome of the scrambled speech signal does not have any residual intelligibility, and the quality of the descrambled speech is extremely satisfying, with zero mean squared error.

Role of cross-cultural adaptability to mediate the effect of cultural intelligence on knowledge sharing of workers of expatriates in Bali

This study aims to determine the role of cross cultural adaptability in mediating the influence of cultural intelligence on knowledge sharing of expatriate workers in Bali. This research was conducted on a sample of 167 respondents who are expatriate workers who work in the province of Bali. Determination of the sample is done by using non-probability sampling with incidental sampling technique. Data analysis was performed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The results showed that cultural intelligence and cross cultural adaptability had a positive and significant effect on knowledge sharing and cross cultural adaptability was able to partially mediate the influence of cultural intelligence on knowledge sharing. These results illustrate that the knowledge sharing displayed by expatriate workers will be better, if the cultural intelligence they have is high. High cultural intelligence will support good adaptability to new environments, and good adaptability will help expatriate workers to communicate and share knowledge with local workers better. Expatriate workers who have high cultural intelligence will have better cross-cultural adaptability, which will have an impact on the ability to share knowledge that is getting better.

The influence of childhood aspirations on the risk of developing psychotic disorders, substance use disorders, and dual diagnosis in adulthood based on the Metropolit 1953 Danish Male Birth Cohort.

Thestudy aims to investigate the association of aspiration for future occupation, socioeconomic position, and intellectual abilities with risk of dual diagnosis, psychosis, substance use disorder (SUD) in later life, and to explore if social and intellectual disadvantage modify any effect of childhood aspirations on outcomes. The study included 7177 Danish boys born in 1953. We investigated childhood aspirations (preference regarding future occupation), socioeconomic position (paternal social group), and intellectual abilities (Härnquist intelligence score) on outcomes with dual diagnosis, psychotic disorder, or SUD in Danish registers. Combinations of variables were used for a two-way and three-way analysis (high and low levels of exposure variables). Cox regression with age as the underlying time scale was used for analysis. The separate analysis showed no associations between childhood aspirations and outcomes. Boys with low intelligence scores had an increased risk of developing psychotic disorders (aHR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1-2.1) and SUD (aHR 1.8, 95% CI 1.5-2.1) compared to high intelligence scores. The interaction analyses showed that individuals with a combination of low intelligence score, high aspirations, and/or high paternal social group might have an increased risk of developing dual diagnosis, psychotic disorders, or SUD in later life. This result should be interpreted with caution as interaction variables were not overall significant with the outcome of dual diagnosis or psychotic disorder. The findings suggest that childhood abilities and social position could be associated with the development of psychotic disorders and SUD in later life, however, further studies are needed to address the temporality of the association to gain an understanding of the underlying mechanism of the association.

Predictive models demonstrate age-dependent association of subcortical volumes and cognitive measures.

Whether brain matter volume is correlated with cognitive functioning and higher intelligence is controversial. We explored this relationship by analysis of data collected on 193 healthy young and older adults through the "Leipzig Study for Mind-Body-Emotion Interactions" (LEMON) study. Our analysis involved four cognitive measures: fluid intelligence, crystallized intelligence, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. Brain subregion volumes were determined by magnetic resonance imaging. We normalized each subregion volume to the estimated total intracranial volume and conducted training simulations to compare the predictive power of normalized volumes of large regions of the brain (i.e., gray matter, cortical white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid), normalized subcortical volumes, and combined normalized volumes of large brain regions and normalized subcortical volumes. Statistical tests showed significant differences in the performance accuracy and feature importance of the subregion volumes in predicting cognitive skills for young and older adults. Random forest feature selection analysis showed that cortical white matter was the key feature in predicting fluid intelligence in both young and older adults. In young adults, crystallized intelligence was best predicted by caudate nucleus, thalamus, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens volumes, whereas putamen, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and hippocampus volumes were selected for older adults. Cognitive flexibility was best predicted by the caudate, nucleus accumbens, and hippocampus in young adults and caudate and amygdala in older adults. Finally, working memory was best predicted by the putamen, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens in the younger group, whereas amygdala and hippocampus volumes were predictive in the older group. Thus, machine learning predictive models demonstrated an age-dependent association between subcortical volumes and cognitive measures. These approaches may be useful in predicting the likelihood of age-related cognitive decline and in testing of approaches for targeted improvement of cognitive functioning in older adults.

Anthropomorphic response: Understanding interactions between humans and artificial intelligence agents

This study of anthropomorphic response to artificial intelligence begins with an extensive review of the literature and an identification of conceptual distinctions between anthropomorphism and anthropomorphic response. The authors develop an instrument for measuring how users form anthropomorphic response to interactions with AI chatbots. Amazon MTurk is used to recruit 120 users for a pilot study and 303 users for the main study. Participants respond to six scenarios depicting interactions with banking service chatbots of varying appearance and intelligence. Results show that anthropomorphic response depend on perceptions of agent appearance, cognitive intelligence, and emotional intelligence. Users perceive more humanness in highly intelligent but disembodied agents rather than in highly intelligent agents that have poorly designed appearances. And users who have strong tendencies to anthropomorphize non-sentient entities are less likely to form anthropomorphic response when interacting with agents with high cognitive intelligence. The study enhances understandings about human/AI interactions. It provides directions for future research regarding anthropomorphic response and provide directions for future research on designing and using artificial agents.

Remembering the American Queen: Aretha Franklin (1942-2018)

In this relational vignette Watson recalls growing up in and around Detroit as Aretha Franklin and other great local singers, many with Motown, rose to prominence. Franklin’s style was informed not only by her childhood singing gospel songs in her father’s church but also by her musical passion and activist politics. Unable to attend any of the informal tributes in Detroit around Franklin’s memorial service because she was out of the country, Watson relates how a Berlin gathering became a spontaneous memorial to Franklin’s musical genius.

THE MILITARY ART OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF VIETNAM IN THE RESISTANCE WAR AGAINST THE US IMPERIALISTS FOR NATIONAL SALVATION (1954 - 1975)

<p>The Communist Party of Vietnam’s military art in the resistance war against the U.S imperialists for national salvation is the continuation of Vietnam’s tradition of fighting the US to save the country. Over thousands of years of fighting to protect the Fatherland and liberate the nation, Vietnam has built an advanced and unique military art and ideology. Vietnam is a small country, often having to fight against an aggressive move with larger and stronger manpower. Therefore, how should Vietnam’s military art and thought develop in order to win the victory? A small country defeating a large country is a bitter contradiction and must face many difficulties and hardships. Solving this contradiction is a great creation, which requires very high intelligence and the art of excellence in war leadership. That is the uniqueness, the development, the characteristic of Vietnamese military thought and art.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0567/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Wireless Self-Powered High-Performance Integrated Nanostructured-Gas-Sensor Network for Future Smart Homes

The accelerated evolution of communication platforms including Internet of Things (IoT) and the 5th generation (5G) wireless communication network makes it possible to build intelligent gas sensor networks to monitor the chemical safety of our surroundings and personal health in real time. However, this application scenario requires a very challenging combination of characteristics of gas sensors including small formfactor, low-cost, ultra-low power consumption, superior sensitivity, and high intelligence. Herein, we demonstrate self-powered integrated nanostructured-gas-sensor (SINGOR) systems and a wirelessly connected SINGOR network for the first time. The SINGOR features ultra-high sensitivity to H2, formaldehyde, toluene, and acetone with the record low limits of detection (LOD) of 10 ppb, 2 ppb, 1 ppb and 1 ppb, respectively, obtained under room temperature sensor operation. Therefore, ultra-low power consumption of 68.6 μW at sensor level and 1.71 mW at the system level has been achieved. As the result, an individual SINGOR system can be self-driven by indoor light with a Si solar cell. Furthermore, each SINGOR consists of an array of nanostructured sensors powered by machine learning algorithm and thus a SINGOR has the capability of gas pattern recognition and classification. And multiple SINGOR systems are wirelessly connected together to form a sensor network for smart home application demonstrations. Intriguingly, the sensor network has successfully demonstrated flammable gas leakage detection and alarm function when they are deployed in multiple rooms. And when the SINGOR network is deployed in one single room, it can achieve gas leakage localization with satisfactory precision. These successes open up the possibility of using nanostructured-gas-sensor network for wide range applications including smart home, smart building and future smart city.

ETKİN BİR İLETİŞİM SÜRECİNDE DUYGUSAL ZEKÂNIN ROLÜ VE ÖNEMİ

Kişilerin duygusal zekâlarını etkin olarak kullanabilmeleri için, duygularını beden dili ve ses özelliklerini kullanarak iletebilmeleri, diğer bir deyişle etkin bir iletişim süreci gerçekleştirmeleri gerekmektedir. Duygusal zekâsını ve iletişim yeteneklerini işlevsel kullanan kişiler, karşılıklı interaktif bir iletişim sürecine girmektedirler. Duygusal zekâ ve iletişim becerilerini kullanabilme yeteneği, kişisel ve toplumsal ilişkilerde ve çalışma hayatında başarıyı yakalayabilme açısından oldukça önem arz etmektedir. Duygusal zekâsı düzeyi yüksek olan bireyler, etkin bir iletişim sürecinde, duygusal zekâsı düşük olan bireylere göre daha başarılı olmaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışmada, duygusal zekânın olgusu ile etkin bir iletişim süreci içerisindeki önemi incelenerek, duygusal zekâ ile iletişim becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Bu nedenle duygusal zekâ ve iletişim arasındaki etkileşim ifade edilmiştir.

Early career software developers and work preferences in software engineering

AbstractContext: The software engineering researchers and practitioners echoed the need for investigations to better understand the engineers developing software and services. In light of current studies, there are significant associations between the personalities of software engineers and their work preferences. However, limited studies are using psychometric measurements in software engineering.Objective: We aim to evaluate attitudes of early‐stage software engineers and investigate link between their personalities and work preferences.Method: We collected extensive psychometric data from 303 graduate‐level students in Computer Science programs at four Pakistani and one Swedish university using Five‐Factor Model. The statistical analysis investigated associations between various personality traits and work preferences.Results: The data support the existence of two clusters of software engineers, one of which is more highly rated across the board. Numerous correlations exist between personality qualities and the preferred types of employment for software developers. For instance, those who exhibit greater levels of emotional stability, agreeableness, extroversion, and conscientiousness like working on technical activities on a set timetable. Similar relationships between personalities and occupational choices are also evident in the earlier studies. More neuroticism is reported in female respondents than in male respondents. Higher intelligence was demonstrated by those who worked on the “entire development process” and “technical components of the project.”Conclusion: When assigning project tasks to software engineers, managers might use the statistically significant relationships that emerged from the analysis of personality attributes. It would be beneficial to construct effective teams by taking personality factors like extraversion and agreeableness into consideration. The study techniques and analytical tools we use may identify subtle relationships and reflect distinctions across various groups and populations, making them valuable resources for both future academic research and industrial practice.

A 40-nm Embedded SG-MONOS Flash Macro for High-End MCU Achieving 200-MHz Random Read Operation and 7.91-Mb/mm2 Density With Charge-Assisted Offset Cancellation Sense Amplifier

With the expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) by artificial intelligence (AI), there is a strong demand for higher performance, higher intelligence, and lower cost in endpoint devices for crossover area located at the boundary between high-end micro controller unit (MCU) area and low-end micro processor unit (MPU) area, such as home automation, machine vision, robotics, and so on. This article presents a 40-nm embedded split-gate MONOS (SG-MONOS) flash macro with optimized memory array architecture and charge-assisted offset cancellation sense amplifier (CAOC-SA), which achieve high-speed random read operation of 200 MHz and high density of 7.91 Mb/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> suitable for crossover devices.

КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ТА ЯКОСТІ ЛІДЕРІВ: ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ ТА ПОРІВНЯЛЬНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА

The article is devoted to the study of competences and qualities of leaders in education, its transformation and comparative characteristics. It is noted that the distinctive features of leaders in traditional pre-industrial societies were: will and charisma, commitment to an idea/cause, unwavering conviction in the correctness of their thoughts and actions, a clear vision of the future, non-standard behaviour, the ability to enthuse and inspire others, share their positive energy with them, etc. It is stated that the leaders of the society of producers and consumers of goods and services often demonstrate excessive ambition, self-confidence and unwillingness to act proactively and do not have the competencies that meet the challenges of the times. It is emphasised that the information society required completely different leaders, whose defining qualities are: high intelligence, ability to calculate the situation, work in a team, not so much to manage as to negotiate, reflexivity, responsibility for their own choices, sociability, mobility, transversal competences, etc. It is proposed that an innovative society requires a qualitatively new leader - an innovative model. The main competencies inherent in innovative leaders are highlighted: risk management, interest, determination, continuous improvement and development, strategic planning, organisation and planning ability, reflexivity, responsibility for one's own choices, sociability, mobility, intelligence, ability to calculate the situation, and transversal competencies based on deep, subtle interaction with culture, language and history, i.e. through "sense(s)making". It is proposed that one of the factors that should, in our opinion, contribute to the formation of competencies inherent in innovative leaders should be the process of internationalisation of LLL education. The advantages (rapid increase in the quality and quantity of information and its transformation into knowledge, reorientation to the international level of interaction, integration into advanced production technologies, innovations and management strategies, etc.) and negative (unification of the educational model and asymmetry in international interaction, etc.) consequences of this process are presented.

Emotional Intelligence as a Moderator between Micromanagement Leadership and Employee Performance

Today’s businesses work in a fast-paced, uncertain, and intensely competitive environment. In such circumstances, organizations depend on their leaders for better results. Leaders use different leadership styles to accomplish their tasks and achieve success. Micromanagement is one such type of leadership style, wherein leaders are overly focused on results, staff-controlling, issues handling, and making all choices on their own. Such constant observation and supervision of employees create an impact on their performance. On the other side, leaders with high emotional intelligence try to empathize with their team members and facilitate improving their performance by giving them constructive criticism. The present study proposed a theoretical framework by investigating the influence of micromanagement leadership on employee performance, and the moderating effect of emotional intelligence on the relationship between micromanagement leadership towards employee performance. This study also emphasized the implications for leaders, employees, and organizations, thereby formulating propositions that can act as a foundation for future empirical work.

The Downside Effect of Emotional Intelligence on Job Stress Among Non-Academic University Staff

Behavioral science researchers and scholars have attempted to find effective elements that influence efficiency and effectiveness to improve organizational performance, as well as factors that contribute to job stress. Meanwhile, previous studies shows that by enhancing emotional intelligence, it can help individual to cope with stress, develop great relationships, empathize with others, and accomplish goals. Thus, this study aimed to examine the relationship between four types of emotional intelligence: self-emotion appraisal, other’s emotion appraisal, use of emotions, and regulation of emotion on job stress. A cross-sectional design method was used to employ a quantitative approach via a self-administered questionnaire with respondents were among the non-academic staff from a Malaysian public university. Interestingly, the results contradict to previous studies whereby all four types of emotional intelligence were positively associated to job stress with regulation of emotion being the main unique predictor to job stress. Specifically, the results indicate that the higher the individual’s emotional intelligence, the more prone they were to job stress. Thus, further explanation and implications of high emotional intelligence to one’s functioning has been discussed in this paper.

How Emotional Intelligence Moderate the Relation between Perceived Justice and Counterproductive Behaviours?

This paper aims to reveal the power of emotional intelligence in buffering employees&amp;rsquo; negative reactions to perceived organisational injustice manifested in counterproductive work behaviours. To test the proposed relationships, a sample of 345 employees working in hospitality private sector in Cairo-Egypt was approached. Tests of between-subjects Effects and Z-score were used to test the moderating effect of emotional intelligence. The results supported the moderating effect of emotional intelligence for counterproductive work behaviours in general and to counterproductive work behaviours directed to people specifically. As expected, high emotional intelligence people are less involved in to counterproductive work behaviours even with perceived injustice. Interestingly, individuals with moderate level of emotional intelligence were found to be more involved in CWB than people with low EI when they perceive injustice. These results could have several empirical and theoretical implications.

Lane Optimization of Highway Reconstruction and Expansion Work Zone Considering Carbon Dioxide Emission Factors

During the highway reconstruction and expansion, some lanes are often closed on the construction side to ensure that the construction is carried out normally. The presence of the work zone increases the traffic pressure on the construction side of the highway, causing traffic congestion, increased CO2 emissions from motor vehicles, and increasing environmental pollution. The bi-level programming model was developed based on the objective of minimizing the travel time and total CO2 emissions of the system so as to solve it using a quantum particle swarm algorithm with high convergence speed and high intelligence to form the lane optimization scheme for the three forms of reclosing and expanding six-lane highways in both directions. The results show that reasonable use of opposite non-construction lanes in the work zone of a partially closed highway expansion can reduce the total system travel cost, alleviate traffic congestion, reduce CO2 emissions, and contribute to the sustainable development of transportation, as well as the environment.

Leadership Styles and Emotional Intelligence of Women Entrepreneurs

As women entrepreneurs, women must be aware of their emotions and feelings since Emotional Intelligence(EI) is a key component of effective leadership. Leaders with high emotional intelligence are happier and are more committed to their organization (Abraham, 2000), and they also use positive emotions to visualize the improvements in the organization’s functions (George, 2000). The study focuses on the factors of EI and leadership that influence women entrepreneurs in their entrepreneurial activities, which also impact the success of the business. The quantitative approach will be followed throughout the study to measure the variables. The descriptive study is also employed to identify characteristics of women entrepreneurs who deal with managing leadership and emotional intelligence problems. The TEIQue (Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionaire) was used to measure EI, and Vannsimpco Leadership Survey (VLS) was used to determine the leadership styles. The study was conducted among 132 women entrepreneurs from South India. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between EI and leadership. The educational level of entrepreneurs impacts both EI and leadership.