The increasing diversity of the USA brings opportunities and challenges for health care providers, health care systems, and policymakers to create and maintain culturally aware services. To reduce health disparities and reflect societal changes, the medical community must evaluate how it is addressing cultural competence in all areas. A focus on genomics is a particular need as the increased availability of and access to genetic testing technologies has led to a new level of understanding of human genetic variation and advances in the individualized care of patients. However, there is a justified concern that these technologies could perpetuate or even widen existing health disparities among patients from historically underrepresented groups. This article reviews the impact of cultural influences on the medical genomics and genetic counseling processes, as well as educational and interventional strategies available for health care professionals. While cultural competence training and educational opportunities are available to most health care providers, there is limited published literature on the utilization and effectiveness of these interventions. Recent reviews acknowledge the equal importance of awareness, knowledge, and skills within cultural competence training and interventions; however, there is a lack of understanding of how a cultural competence framework should be developed and adopted in an increasingly diverse society. This suggests an opportunity to re-evaluate current practices through measured outcomes research. The most beneficial cultural competence training likely occurs when traditional coursework is complemented by cultural awareness and self-reflection activities intimately woven into training and patient encounters. Cultural competence is a complex, multidimensional process that includes cultural awareness, knowledge, and skills. A lifelong commitment to understanding and embracing culture is central to effective practice. Suggestions for promoting cultural competence within the health care professions are presented.