Generic Record Research Articles

Broadening the horizon of Indian mycobiota: two new species and one new generic record in Boletoid mushrooms (Boletaceae)

A combination of morphological studies and multigene molecular phylogenetic analyses unveiled two significant novel species of boletes namely Anthracoporus indohimalayanus sp. nov. and Boletus dhakuricus sp. nov. from the states of Sikkim and Uttarakhand, respectively. The first novel species, i.e. A. indohimalayanus is also a new generic record of the genus Anthracoporus from India, whereas the second novel species i.e. B. dhakuricus is a member of wild edible porcini mushroom. Both the taxa are described with their morphological details and molecular phylogenetic inferences.

A new species of Metadiaptomus Wang & Wang, 2024 from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China (Copepoda, Calanoida, Diaptomidae)

A new copepod species Metadiaptomus aliensis sp. nov., collected from lakes in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, is described. M. aliensis sp. nov. is differentiated by total length of both sexes, the fifth leg of both sexes, and the right antennule of the male, compared with the similar species M. asiaticus Ul'yanin, 1875 and M. chevreuxi Guerne & Richard, 1894. The low temperature species M. aliensis sp. nov. survives in a wide salinity range from fresh to polyhaline water, and a wide alkalinity range from 6.12 to 40.39 mmol/L. The first generic record of M. aliensis sp. nov. in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau contributes to our understanding of the global biogeography of the subfamily Paradiaptominae.

Lindernia rotundifolia (Linderniaceae), Picria fel-terrae (Linderniaceae), and Limnophila aromatica (Plantaginaceae): three new records for the flora of Nepal

Lindernia rotundifolia (L.) Alston (Linderniaceae), Picria fel-terrae Lour. (Linderniaceae), and Limnophila aromatica (Lam.) Merr. (Plantaginaceae) are newly reported from Jalthal forest, eastern Nepal. Picria Lour. is a new generic record for Nepal. Descriptions of all the species based on Nepalese specimens are provided, along with notes on diagnostic features, color photographs of the species, distribution maps, and notes on habitats.

Wood-Rotting Fungi (Aphyllophorales) from Sikkim

92 species of wood-rotting Aphyllophorales are reported from higher altitudes of Sikkim Himalayas. Out of these, Pyrrhoderma sendaiense (Yas.) Imaz. is the new generic record while Antrodia odora (Peck : Sacc.) Gilbn. & Ryv., Ceriporiopsis gilvescens (Bres.) Dom., Incrustoporia carneola (Bres.) Ryv., Inonotus hamusetulus Ryv., I. flauidus (Berk.) Ryv., Oxyporus spiculifer (Cunn.) Buch. & Ryv. and Phellinu nigricans (Fr.) Karst, are new species records for India and are described and illustrated in detail. Wherever possible the type of rot is also given.

First record of Gastrodia (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae) from Brunei Darussalam

The occurrence of Gastrodia sabahensis is reported for the first time from Brunei Darussalam representing the new generic record for the country. Morphological description based on the discovered plants along with photo plates, notes on distribution, ecology and conservation status have been provided. Additionally, a determination key for all Gastrodia species in Borneo is presented for the first time.

\(\textit{Persicaria runcinata}\), a new generic record for Vietnam, and a key to Vietnamese polygonaceae

Persicaria runcinata is reported from Lai Chau provinces in Northern Vietnam, representing the first record of this species and the genus Persicaria in the country. Detailed photographic illustrations of studied specimens are provided. A key to the Vietnamese genera and species of Polygonaceae is presented.

Cyrtandromoea sudhansui (Phrymaceae), a new species from Northeast India

Cyrtandromoea sudhansui, a new species of Phrymaceae, is described and illustrated. The species was discovered in the Eastern Himalayas in 2023 during a botanical survey in Arunachal Pradesh, India. Cyrtandromoea sudhansui is unique within the genus in having blue corolla; it also differs from the other species of Cyrtandromoea in the following combination of morphological traits: winged stem, calyx ca. 1.5 cm long and hairy along ridges, hairy stamens, hairy ovary and style. The new species is assessed as Data Deficient according to the IUCN Red List criteria. The new discovery represents the second species of the genus known in the flora of India, and a new generic record for the state of Arunachal Pradesh and for the mainland India in general.

Stypopodium Kütz. - a new generic record for India from the Bay of Bengal

The study highlights the first-ever documentation of the genus Stypopodium along the Indian coastline, specifically in Andhra Pradesh. Previously reported in various Indian Ocean regions but not in India, this discovery fills a significant gap in understanding its distribution. The species Stypopodium zonale is thoroughly examined, including its physical characteristics, microscopic features, habitats, distribution, and taxonomic notes, complemented by accompanying photo plates. Additionally, the proposal of a lectotype for heterotypic synonyms, namely Fucus zonalis, Zonaria lobata, and Zonaria fuliginosa is presented.

Cheirostylis Blume (Orchidaceae): a new generic addition to the orchid flora of Manipur state, Northeast India

The genus Cheirostylis, belonging to the Orchidaceae family, is represented by numerous species distributed worldwide. In India, the genus is represented by 10 species, with two species reported from Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats, and the remaining eight species from the Northwestern Himalayas and Northeastern regions. This study reports the occurrence of Cheirostylis griffithii Lindl. in Manipur, Northeast India, which is a new generic record for the state. The taxon was discovered in Pudunamei village and identified based on herbarium specimens and available literature. Detailed morphological descriptions and measurements were made using living plant specimens. The taxonomic treatment includes information on plant characteristics, distribution, and a comprehensive list of Indian Cheirostylis species. The species is a terrestrial orchid with fleshy stems, lanceolate bracts, pubescent flowers, connate sepals forming a tube, and a 3-lobed lip with deeply laciniate lobes. The occurrence of Cheirostylis in Manipur expands its distributional range within India. The study contributes to the documentation of the orchid flora of Manipur, which encompasses a diverse range of orchid taxa.

Acidodontium indicum (Bryaceae: Bryophyta)—a new species from the Western Ghats of India

Acidodontium indicum sp. nov. (Bryaceae), is described and illustrated from the Western Ghats of Kerala. Since the genus has not been reported from India, it represents a new generic record as well. The species is compared with Acidodontium megalocarpum (Hook.) Renauld & Cardot and A. exaltatum (Spruce ex Mitt.) A. Jaeger. Acidodontium indicum is distinguished by small broadly lanceolate to more or less spathulate leaves having a strong, short excurrent costa, margin completely entire, bordered by 1–4 rows of long incrassate cells, short setae, capsule clavate with short apophysis, operculum conic without apiculus and endostome with high basal membrane and forked endostome segments diverging at a different angle.

A new generic record of Indian Costaceae with the discovery of new species Parahellenia mizoramensis from Northeast India

Parahellenia mizoramensis sp. nov. from Costaceae is described and illustrated as a new species from Northeast India (Mizoram) and represents the only existing species under the genus from India. It differs from its allied species, Parahellenia tonkinensis (Gagnep.) Juan Chen, N.H. Xia, L.Y. Zeng, S. Jin Zeng, and Parahellenia yunnanensis S. Jin Zeng, N.H. Xia, L.Y. Zeng, and Juan Chen by the size and shape of axillary buds, wider bracts, longer calyx and corolla lobes, crenulate margin of labellum, prominent overlapping of labellum margin to form trumpet-shaped, presence of bright red streaks in anther crest, and shape of dorsal appendage in stigma. The newly described species is provisionally assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) based on the available data as per the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List Categories and Criteria.

Discovery of Genus Barbilophozia in India with Extended Distribution of Two Species of the Genus from Himalayan Region

Genus Barbilophozia is reported and described as a new generic record for India from union territories of Jammu and Kashmir, Western Himalaya. Two species, namely Barbilophozia lycopodioides and Barbilophozia barbata are described in the present communication.

Out of New Guinea? Two new species of Zygogynum (Winteraceae) extend the genus west of Lydekker’s and Wallace’s Lines

SummaryThe Winteraceae comprise 100 – 130 species in five to nine genera. The genus Zygogynum is currently thought to have a Papuasian-Pacific distribution and is only known from the western Pacific islands (New Caledonia, Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands), Australia and New Guinea, including the far western Bird’s Head Peninsula, but is not yet recorded from islands to the west of the Sahul Plate and the biogeographic boundary of Lydekker’s Line. Here, two new species of Zygogynum are described from west of both Wallace’s and Lydekker’s Lines. Zygogynum moluccanum is described from the Moluccan islands of Indonesia, and Z. sundaicum, a new species and generic record for the Sunda shelf, is described from the northern part of the Malaysian State of Sarawak in Borneo. In addition to descriptions and illustrations of the new species, the generic delimitation, fossil record and potential dispersal agents of Zygogynum are discussed.

<I>Microchloa </I>R. Br. (Poaceae): A new generic record to the Flora of Gujarat, India

The genus Microchloa R. Br. with a species M. indica (L.f.) P. Beauv. has been collected for the first time from the Gujarat state, which forms a new generic record to the flora of the state. Present paper provides description, photographs of Microchloa indica for easy identification and its distribution note in India.

A new species of Neotoxoscelus Fisher, 1921 (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) from South Korea, with an updated checklist.

Neotoxosceluspetilus sp. nov. is described from South Korea. Neotoxoscelus Fisher, 1921 is also a new generic record for South Korea. A key to the Neotoxoscelus species and an updated checklist are provided.

Contribution to flora of Pakistan: three new records for Amaranthaceae and Fabaceae including a new generic record

Contribution to flora of Pakistan: three new records for Amaranthaceae and Fabaceae including a new generic record

Pelatantheria insectifera (Rchb.f.) Ridl. (Orchidaceae): a new generic record for Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India

The monopodial orchid Pelatantheria insectifera is reported here as a new generic record for the state of Andhra Pradesh (India). Further, detailed diagnostic description, colour photo plates for easy identification and note on ecology were provided.

Improving Care in Accident and Emergency Departments in Pakistan

Introduction: Emergency departments (EDs) are perceived as 24/7 portals where a rapid and efficient diagnosis, urgent attention, primary care, and inpatient admission is provided for stabilizing seriously ill and wounded patients. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to analysed the improving care in accident and emergency departments. Material and methods: This analytical study was conducted in DHQ hospital, Sahiwal during 2020 to 2021. For this 5 hospitals were selected for the determination of improving care in accident and EDs. All hospitals were visited one by one and collect the data for the determination of mode of clinics and improving care. Number of patients and number of doctors were also counted. Results: Analysis of results was performed by comparing the data of hospitals with international standards. Patient case notes were checked for compliance with RCP 12 point generic medical record keeping standards on 5 point scale to stratify the level of compliance. Hospitals where case notes fulfilled all the 12 standards were placed at point 5. EDs safety scores were measured on 4 point scale and different hospitals were categorized according to grades A, B, C, D and F. Conclusion: It is concluded that the emergency service would be provided largely by doctors in middle grade or career grade posts supported by nurse practitioners, general practitioners, and senior house officers working under much closer supervision than at present.

Paracladopuschiangmaiensis (Podostemaceae), a new generic record for China and its complete plastid genome.

The genus Paracladopus was established based on the type species P.chiangmaiensis in 2006. The two Paracladopus species are distributed in Thailand and Laos; however, neither of them has been documented in China to date. During our field work in 2020, we collected a river-weed in Wuzhi Mountain, Hainan Province of China. After checking the morphological characters, it was identified as P.chiangmaiensis. Then, we assembled and annotated its chloroplast genome based on the genome skimming data. The results showed that the complete chloroplast genome was 133,748 bp with 35% GC content, consisting of 76 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. A maximum-likelihood tree constructed based on the matk genes showed that WuMS109 was clustered with P.chiangmaiensis (AB537420, AB698348) without base difference and together with the remains of Paracladopus formed a sister clade to Cladopus. This is the first report of P.chiangmaiensis that represents a new generic record for China. The discovery of this river-weed could lay the foundation for investigating their biogeographical patterns and species evolution in further studies.

Sulettaria, a new ginger genus in the flora of the Philippines

Collections made in Zamboanga Peninsula in 2021 were identified as Sulettaria longituba, a species occurring in nearby Borneo, as well as Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra. Sulettaria is therefore reported here as a new generic record for the Philippines, increasing the number of ginger genera in its flora to 18. Previously, the genus was known to occur in Sundaland crossing Wallace's line to Sulawesi and is found as far east as the island of Seram. The most closely related genus is Geocharis, which differs from Sulettaria by having staminodes, a bilobed labellum and ridged fruits. A detailed description of Sulettaria longituba based on the recent collections in Zamboanga is provided here. In addition, information is provided on etymology, ecology, distribution, local name and use, as well as a colour plate and detailed line drawings of the reproductive parts.