Generic Group Research Articles

Tighter bound for generalized multiple discrete logarithm problem via MDS matrix method

Discrete logarithm problem (DLP) is one of the fundamental hard problems used in cryptography. For 1≤k≤n, solving the k-out-of-n DLP instances is an important problem emerging in certain scenarios in public-key cryptography. Ying and Kunihiro (ACNS 2017) pioneered in studying k-out-of-n instance solutions of DLP, which is a generalized version of multiple DLP. By reducing the multiple DLP to the generalized version, they established lower bounds on the computational complexity of k-out-of-n DLP for different parameter values of k.In this paper, we further reduce the reduction complexity presented in Ying and Kunihiro's work and increase the range of k and n for the tight lower bound of k-out-of-n DLP in the generic group model, which has applications in related cryptographic schemes. To achieve the goal, the key technique is to utilize a variant of fast multipoint evaluation. We divide the discussion into two cases. In the special case when n divides p−1, by leveraging Number Theory Transform (NTT) technique, we expand k and n to a larger range. In the general case, by using a variant of fast multipoint evaluation, we increase k and n to a moderately larger range.

Efficient Maliciously Secure Oblivious Exponentiations

Oblivious Pseudorandom Functions (OPRFs) allow a client to evaluate a pseudorandom function (PRF) on her secret input based on a key that is held by a server. In the process, the client only learns the PRF output but not the key, while the server neither learns the input nor the output of the client. The arguably most popular OPRF is due to Naor, Pinkas and Reingold (Eurocrypt 2009). It is based on an Oblivious Exponentiation by the server, with passive security under the Decisional Diffie-Hellman assumption. In this work, we strengthen the security guarantees of the NPR OPRF by protecting it against active attacks of the server. We have implemented our solution and report on the performance. Our main result is a new batch OPRF protocol which is secure against maliciously corrupted servers, but is essentially as efficient as the semi-honest solution. More precisely, the computation (and communication) overhead is a multiplicative factor o ( 1 ) as the batch size increases. The obvious solution using zero-knowledge proofs would have a constant factor overhead at best, which can be too expensive for certain deployments. Our protocol relies on a novel version of the DDH problem, which we call the Oblivious Exponentiation Problem (OEP), and we give evidence for its hardness in the Generic Group model. We also present a variant of our maliciously secure protocol that does not rely on the OEP but nevertheless only has overhead o ( 1 ) over the known semi-honest protocol. Moreover, we show that our techniques can also be used to efficiently protect threshold blind BLS signing and threshold ElGamal decryption against malicious attackers.

Quantum error thresholds for gauge-redundant digitizations of lattice field theories

In the quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories, gauge symmetry can be either fixed or encoded as a redundancy of the Hilbert space. While gauge-fixing reduces the number of qubits, keeping the gauge redundancy can provide code space to mitigate and correct quantum errors by checking and restoring Gauss’s law. In this work, we consider the correctable errors for generic finite gauge groups and design the quantum circuits to detect and correct them. We calculate the error thresholds below which the gauge-redundant digitization with Gauss’s law error correction has better fidelity than the gauge-fixed digitization involving only gauge-invariant states. Our results provide guidance for fault-tolerant quantum simulations of lattice gauge theories. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Model-theoretic properties of nilpotent groups and Lie algebras

We give a systematic study of the model theory of generic nilpotent groups and Lie algebras. We show that the Fraïssé limit of 2-nilpotent groups of exponent p studied by Baudisch is 2-dependent and NSOP1. We prove that the class of c-nilpotent Lie algebras over an arbitrary field, in a language with predicates for a Lazard series, is closed under free amalgamation. We show that for 2<c, the generic c-nilpotent Lie algebra over Fp is strictly NSOP4 and c-dependent. Via the Lazard correspondence, we obtain the same result for c-nilpotent groups of exponent p, for an odd prime p>c.

Group machinery intelligent maintenance: Adaptive health prediction and global dynamic maintenance decision-making

Intelligent preventive maintenance powered by health data analytics is essential to ensure operation safety and performance of diverse industrial equipment. Despite the rapid advancement of preventive maintenance methodologies in recent several decades, their implementation to global dynamic maintenance of complex systems across infinite time horizon, in particular leveraging real-time prognosis information to realize adaptive group partition and ordering, has been largely an under-explored domain. To this end, this study devises a generic global-dynamic group maintenance policy for multi-component degrading systems. As opposed to existing models, the policy automatically renews the entire system health information instantly upon the completion of each group maintenance task; therefore, it realizes the dynamic union of (a) predictive group maintenance and (b) unplanned opportunistic maintenance over an infinite time horizon for the first time, such that to promote decision precision and efficiency. A dynamic grouping algorithm is designed to explore the structure of optimal maintenance solutions. The applicability is exemplified by comparative experiments that show substantial advantages over heuristic policies.

Enhancing Response Rates in Web-Based Surveys: The Impact of Direct Participant Contact.

Achieving a high participation rate is a common challenge in healthcare research based on web-based surveys. A study on local anesthetic systemic toxicity awareness and usage among medical practitioners at two Swiss university hospitals encountered resistance in obtaining personal email addresses from Heads of Departments. Participants were therefore divided into two groups: those who were directly invited via email (personal invitation group) and those who received a generic link through intermediaries (generic link group). The latter group was eventually excluded from survey data analysis. To determine whether one method of survey administration was more effective than another, we carried out a retrospective analysis of response rates and the proportion of new questionnaires completed after initial invitation and subsequent reminders. The results showed significantly higher response rates in the personal invitation group (40.2%, 313/779) compared to the generic link group (25.3%, 22/87), emphasizing the effectiveness of personal invitations on response rate (+14.9%, p = 0.007). The personal invitation group consistently yielded a higher number of completed questionnaires following the initial invitation and each reminder. The method of survey administration can greatly influence response rates and should be acknowledged as a quality criterion when conducting web-based surveys.

Root extraction in finite Abelian groups

We formulate the Root Extraction problem in finite Abelian p-groups and then extend it to generic finite Abelian groups. We provide algorithms to solve them. We also give the bounds on the number of group operations required for these algorithms. We observe that once a basis is computed and the discrete logarithm relative to the basis is solved, root extraction takes relatively fewer “bookkeeping” steps. Thus, we conclude that root extraction in finite Abelian groups is no harder than solving discrete logarithms and computing basis.

Quantifying marine larval dispersal to assess MPA network connectivity and inform future national and transboundary planning efforts

A marine protected area (MPA) network of multiple reserves can protect biodiversity across space, but to be effective, network configuration should support dispersal among MPAs as well as spillover to unprotected habitats. The ability of MPAs to function as an interacting network of populations connected by dispersal, however, is difficult to estimate at broad spatial scales, and therefore, connectivity is often not integrated in MPA design. Here, we simulate passive larval dispersal using a biophysical model to estimate potential transboundary network connectivity of MPAs in western Canada and United States. Drift time was varied to represent generic functional groups of nearshore species with planktonic larvae and sedentary adult stages. We found that MPAs potentially act as an interacting network and meet connectivity design criteria for nearshore invertebrate species, many MPAs (65%–90%) possibly exchange individuals, and a third of larvae from MPAs (25%–32%) source areas of the unprotected coast. This analysis provides a first approximation of multispecies connectivity to inform ongoing transboundary MPA design, and it can be used as a foundation for future model development.

Set inversion and box contraction on Lie groups using interval analysis

Set inversion and box contraction consist in finding guaranteed solutions to an equation where variables belong to bounded sets. These problems are classic in Euclidean spaces and can be solved using interval analysis. However, they quickly become complex when dealing with non-Euclidean manifolds. This paper investigates set inversion and box contraction problems when variables belong to generic Lie groups (e.g. the set of rotation matrices SO(3)). The concept of Lie group boxes is introduced and discussed. The core idea is to treat Lie group subsets via interval analysis in the Euclidean space of the Lie algebra. The concept of inclusion function on a Lie group is defined as an extension of classic inclusion functions in Euclidean interval analysis. It is shown that set inversion problems on Lie groups can be solved via the Lie algebra using Euclidean interval analysis and that the solution set has a finite volume in the group. On the same principle, the box contraction problem is extended to Lie groups via a Euclidean contractor in the Lie algebra. Numerical simulations demonstrate the high interest of using Lie group boxes instead of classic Euclidean parametrization for nonlinear problems (such as the Euler angles for rotations) both in terms of computational efficiency and accuracy. The proposed approach is of practical interest for state estimation and navigation in robotics since it makes it possible to solve highly nonlinear problems with a limited complexity and a high accuracy, in particular for attitude and pose estimation.

Zooplankton seasonal vertical migration in an optimality-based plankton ecosystem model

Abstract Several species from various zooplankton taxa perform seasonal vertical migrations (SVM) of typically several hundred meters between the surface layer and overwintering depths, particularly in high-latitude regions. We use OPtimality-based PLAnkton (OPPLA) ecosystem model) to simulate SVM behavior in zooplankton in the Labrador Sea. Zooplankton in OPPLA is a generic functional group without life cycle, which facilitates analyzing SVM evolutionary stability and interactions between SVM and the plankton ecosystem. A sensitivity analysis of SVM-related parameters reveals that SVM can amplify the seasonal variations of phytoplankton and zooplankton and enhance the reduction of summer surface nutrient concentrations. SVM is often explained as a strategy to reduce exposure to visual predators during winter. We find that species doing SVM can persist and even dominate the summer-time zooplankton community, even in the presence of Stayers, which have the same traits as the migrators, but do not perform SVM. The advantage of SVM depends strongly on the timing of the seasonal migrations, particularly the day of ascent. The presence of higher (visual) predators tends to suppress the Stayers in our simulations, whereas the SVM strategy can persist in the presence of non-migrating species even without higher predators.

Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae. Part 2: Higher-level classification.

Caesalpinioideae is the second largest subfamily of legumes (Leguminosae) with ca. 4680 species and 163 genera. It is an ecologically and economically important group formed of mostly woody perennials that range from large canopy emergent trees to functionally herbaceous geoxyles, lianas and shrubs, and which has a global distribution, occurring on every continent except Antarctica. Following the recent re-circumscription of 15 Caesalpinioideae genera as presented in Advances in Legume Systematics 14, Part 1, and using as a basis a phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear gene sequences for 420 species and all but five of the genera currently recognised in the subfamily, we present a new higher-level classification for the subfamily. The new classification of Caesalpinioideae comprises eleven tribes, all of which are either new, reinstated or re-circumscribed at this rank: Caesalpinieae Rchb. (27 genera / ca. 223 species), Campsiandreae LPWG (2 / 5-22), Cassieae Bronn (7 / 695), Ceratonieae Rchb. (4 / 6), Dimorphandreae Benth. (4 / 35), Erythrophleeae LPWG (2 /13), Gleditsieae Nakai (3 / 20), Mimoseae Bronn (100 / ca. 3510), Pterogyneae LPWG (1 / 1), Schizolobieae Nakai (8 / 42-43), Sclerolobieae Benth. & Hook. f. (5 / ca. 113). Although many of these lineages have been recognised and named in the past, either as tribes or informal generic groups, their circumscriptions have varied widely and changed over the past decades, such that all the tribes described here differ in generic membership from those previously recognised. Importantly, the approximately 3500 species and 100 genera of the former subfamily Mimosoideae are now placed in the reinstated, but newly circumscribed, tribe Mimoseae. Because of the large size and ecological importance of the tribe, we also provide a clade-based classification system for Mimoseae that includes 17 named lower-level clades. Fourteen of the 100 Mimoseae genera remain unplaced in these lower-level clades: eight are resolved in two grades and six are phylogenetically isolated monogeneric lineages. In addition to the new classification, we provide a key to genera, morphological descriptions and notes for all 163 genera, all tribes, and all named clades. The diversity of growth forms, foliage, flowers and fruits are illustrated for all genera, and for each genus we also provide a distribution map, based on quality-controlled herbarium specimen localities. A glossary for specialised terms used in legume morphology is provided. This new phylogenetically based classification of Caesalpinioideae provides a solid system for communication and a framework for downstream analyses of biogeography, trait evolution and diversification, as well as for taxonomic revision of still understudied genera.

De-novo use of generic tacrolimus (Adoport) in renal transplant recipients: A single center experience from Türkiye

Objective: Renal transplantation is the best treatment for end-stage kidney disease, and tacrolimus has become an important immunosuppressive treatment for kidney transplant patients since it was introduced. After the first generic tacrolimus has been approved by the FDA, studies have begun to compare the effectiveness and safety of generic tacrolimus with the original tacrolimus. When using generic immunosuppressive therapies, it is also necessary to ensure that it provides adequate immunosuppression and does not cause severe toxicity. This study aims to compare clinical outcomes, including acute rejection, graft loss and adverse reactions, in patients receiving brand tacrolimus (Prograf, Astellas Pharma, U.S.) or generic tacrolimus (Adoport, Sandoz, UK) from the start of kidney transplant therapy. Study Design: Renal transplant recipients between 1 January 2015-1 March 2020 were screened retrospectively. All patients receiving de novo generic tacrolimus (n:51) and randomly selected 102 control renal transplant recipients receiving original tacrolimus were included in this study. Materials and Methods: We evaluated and recorded demographic, clinical and laboratory data including age, gender, primary kidney disease, donor type (live or dead), induction and death regimen, tacrolimus dose, tacrolimus through levels, serum creatinine, biopsy-confirmed acute rejection episodes, delayed transplant function, positive BK polyomavirus in the urine, BK polyomavirus-related nephropathy, cytomegalovirus infection in 1-year follow-up. Results: Most of the patients were male (64.1%) with a mean age of 38.3 years. There was no significant difference in demographic characteristics between the original and generic tacrolimus groups. No differences were found in terms of creatinine levels, total daily dose of tacrolimus and tacrolimus trough levels at discharge and the first year. Additionally, biopsy-confirmed acute rejection in the following year after transplantation, BKPyV positivity in urine, BKPyVAN, CMV viremia and adverse reactions related to tacrolimus were similar between the two groups. Conclusion: With this study, we aimed to contribute to the literature with our experience on the use of generic tacrolimus from our country. As a result of our study, we noted that generic tacrolimus can be safely preferred for de-novo use with close drug-level monitoring because it is an immunosuppressant agent with a narrow therapeutic index. There is a continuing need for randomized prospective-designed and multi-centric studies with a wide range of patients.

Reassessment of the Phylogenetics of Two Pygmy Grasshopper Generic Groups Tetrix and Systolederus through Mitochondrial Phylogenomics Using Four New Mitochondrial Genome Assemblies.

Mitochondrial genomes offer pragmatic genetic markers to reconstruct evolutionary relationships and inform taxonomic classifications. Here, we present complete mitochondrial sequences for four Chinese pygmy grasshoppers (Tetrigidae), aiming to reevaluate phylogenetic patterns and morphological taxonomy. Our 17,643 bp, 16,274 bp, 15,086 bp, and 15,398 bp mitogenomes of Exothotettix guangxiensis, Formosatettix longwangshanensis, Euparatettix sinufemoralis and Systolederus zhengi, respectively, exhibit archetypal Tetrigidae architecture. We constructed phylogenies using 13 protein-coding loci from 39 Tetrigidae mitogenomes, revealing several genus-level clusters with statistically solid support, conflicts regarding Ex. guangxiensis, F. longwangshanensis merging into Tetrix, and two subclades of Systolederus. The dated divergence analysis indicates over 150 Mya of Tetrigidae ancestry, tracing the Systolederus generic group splits up to ~75 million years ago. Moreover, the Tetrix generic group radiated over 14 Mya across vast distributions, consistent with rapid adaptive dispersals. Our mitochondrial reconstructions suggest that Synstolederus is taxonomically overextended for a single genus, while the distinctiveness of Ex. guangxiensis and F. longwangshanensis from Tetrix appears questionable, and the Tetrix generic group comprises a potential tRNA-Ile coding region. Our integrative mitogenomic approaches will help resolve issues stemming from morphological taxonomy that is reliant on traits that are prone to convergence. This investigation enhances comprehension of Tetrigidae phylogeny and accentuates molecular systematics.

An improved finegrained ciphertext policy based temporary keyword search on encrypted data for secure cloud storage

We present a temporary keyword search over sensitive and confidential health data in a cloud environment. The cloud constitutes a semi-trusted domain, making it necessary for data owners to secure their data before outsourcing it through techniques like encryption. Attribute-based keyword search techniques tend to perform a search operation using a search token generated by an authorized user. These search tokens can lead to serious privacy threats, as they can extract all ciphertexts that may have been generated along with their keyword. Therefore, restricting search tokens to extract ciphertexts generated within a time interval is a more promising solution. In this paper, we present a novel ciphertext policy fine-grained temporary keyword that prevents the misuse of these search tokens. Further, it mitigates the risk of insider threats within healthcare organizations by limiting the window of opportunity for unauthorized access to minimum. To assess the security, our proposed scheme is formally proven to be secure against Selectively Chosen Keyword Attacks in the generic bilinear group model. Additionally, we demonstrate that the encryption algorithm’s complexity is linear in relation to the number of attributes. Our scheme’s significance and practicality are revealed by the performance evaluation.

Outcomes of Name-brand Versus Generic Cephalomedullary Nail Fixation for Intertrochanteric and Subtrochanteric Fractures: A Matched Cohort Study.

This study aims to compare 90-day and 6-month outcomes and implant costs of intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fracture fixation using cephalomedullary nails (CMNs) from a single name-brand company to fixation using generic CMNs. This was a retrospective matched cohort study. All CMN procedures for a single surgeon in a single US metropolitan institution from 2021 to 2022 were identified using current procedural terminology codes. Nearest neighbor 1:1 matching was conducted between the name-brand and generic cohorts controlling for (1) age, (2) American Society of Anesthesiologists score, and (3) Charlson Comorbidity Index. A total of 50 patients were successfully matched (25 namebrand versus 25 generic). The average implant cost per case for the name-brand group was $3,587 versus $1,615 for the generic group. Cost of disposables averaged $109 for the generic implant sets versus $916 for the name-brand (P < 0.001). Overall, a cost savings of 61% could be generated per case with the use of generic implants and disposables. Fixation of intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures using generic CMNs produces similar outcomes compared with using name-brand CMNs for approximately half the implant cost.

Alternating parity weak sequencing

AbstractA subset of a group is ‐weakly sequenceable if there is an ordering of its elements such that the partial sums , given by and for , satisfy whenever and . By Costa et al., it was proved that if the order of a group is then all sufficiently large subsets of the nonidentity elements are ‐weakly sequenceable when is prime, and . Inspired by this result, we show that, if is the semidirect product of and and the subset is balanced, then admits, regardless of its size, an alternating parity ‐weak sequencing whenever is prime and . A subset of is balanced if it contains the same number of even elements and odd elements and an alternating parity ordering alternates even and odd elements. Then using a hybrid approach that combines both Ramsey theory and the probabilistic method we also prove, for groups that are semidirect products of a generic (nonnecessarily abelian) group and , that all sufficiently large balanced subsets of the nonidentity elements admit an alternating parity ‐weak sequencing. The same procedure works also for studying the weak sequenceability for generic sufficiently large (not necessarily balanced) sets. Here we have been able to prove that, if the size of a subset of a group is large enough and if does not contain 0, then is ‐weakly sequenceable.

Phylogeny and biogeography of the sharpshooters (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae)

AbstractSharpshooters (Cicadellinae), a large subfamily of the Cicadellidae, exhibit a global distribution and a broad array of ecological preferences. To explore the phylogenetic relationships and roles of global historical, biotic and biogeographic processes in the diversification of sharpshooters, we analysed DNA sequence data from three mitochondrial and two nuclear genes for 243 taxa representing all Cicadellinae tribes, generic groups, regional faunas and data of geographic distributions of sharpshooter species compiled from online databases and available literature. The maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analyses strongly support the monophyletic clade including Cicadellinae and Phereurininae. Divergence time estimates and biogeographic analyses suggest that sharpshooters originated in the Neotropical region or were more widespread in Gondwana during the Early Cretaceous and diversified through a combination of ancient vicariance and dispersal following the evolution of angiosperm‐dominated habitats. The earliest divergence during the Cretaceous gave rise to Oriental and New World lineages, the latter of which subsequently dispersed into the Old World and gave rise to the diverse endemic fauna of Madagascar. The Oriental lineage shows high diversity and endemism in tropical Asia and the Pacific, with striking distributional discontinuities in Wallacea. These results suggest that a combination of environmental and evolutionary factors including continental‐scale vicariance, long‐distance dispersal and diversification of terrestrial microhabitats and host plants may explain the diversity of the modern sharpshooter fauna.

Real-World Clinical Equivalence of Generic and Branded Tofacitinib: A Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

ObjectivesTo explore the clinical efficacy and safety of generic tofacitinib vs brand name tofacitinib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a single-center comparative study based on a prospective real-world cohort. MethodsPatients with RA receiving tofacitinib, either generic (Kelejia) or branded (Xeljanz), from March 2017, to December 31, 2022, were enrolled. The primary outcome was the simplified disease activity index (SDAI)–defined remission rate at month 6. Secondary outcomes included the rates of remission and low disease activity defined by other composite scores; European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology response rate, and ultrasonic synovitis scores at months 1, 3, 6, and 12. Cost-effectiveness was investigated. Propensity score–based inverse probability of treatment weighting was adopted to reduce selection bias. ResultsA total of 204 patients were enrolled: 59 in the generic group and 145 in the branded group. An SDAI-defined remission was achieved in 41.1% and 39.2% of patients in the generic and branded groups, respectively, at month 6 (P=.85). Rates of remission and low disease activity achievement, changes in clinical disease activity scores, and power Doppler and gray scale synovitis scores at months 1, 3, 6, and 12 were comparable between the 2 groups. Similar proportions of patients in the groups achieved moderate/good response at months 1, 3, 6, and 12. Rates of drug retention and adverse effects were also similar in the 2 groups. Both Kelejia and Xeljanz were cost-effective, but Kelejia had a lower average cost-effectiveness ratio. ConclusionGeneric tofacitinib (Keljia) had equivalent clinical efficacy and safety and better cost-effectiveness compared with its originator (Xeljanz).

Fog-Enabled Secure and Efficient Fine-Grained Searchable Data Sharing and Management Scheme for IoT-Based Healthcare Systems

In recent times, fog computing has emerged as a helpful extension of cloud computing. It can efficiently handle the prevalent issue of managing silos of data generated by today's digital healthcare services. Moreover, the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the development of smart healthcare systems further adds tons of data tirelessly to these silos, thus making the cloud congested. To manage such continuously growing data, the concept of adding a fog layer between the cloud and the end-users (EUs) proved to be beneficial. These intermediary fog nodes (FNs) can handle and store data, and thus facilitate the cloud and alleviate the burden from the EUs. Most of the existing search schemes for encrypted data have been developed for the cloud platform and ignored this helpful extension, which can improve the scheme's efficiency by delegating most of the heavy computations to the intermediary FNs. In this article, a fine-grained searchable data sharing scheme has been proposed using the fog computing platform. The resulting scheme is efficient and lightweight because the FN facilitates EUs by performing computationally intensive tasks on their behalf. A significant reduction in storage and computational cost has been achieved by the proposed scheme at the data owner's end, representing the resource-constrained IoT devices. The storage cost has been reduced to two source group elements, and the computational cost has been reduced to three exponent operations in the source group and one hash operation. Furthermore, the proposed scheme is secure against the selectively chosen keyword attack in the generic bilinear group model.

Assessing Facilitator Fidelity to Principles of Public Deliberation: Tutorial.

Public deliberation, or deliberative democracy, is a method used to elicit informed perspectives and justifiable solutions to ethically fraught or contentious issues that affect multiple stakeholder groups with conflicting interests. Deliberative events bring together stakeholders (deliberants) who are provided with empirical evidence on the central issue or concern and then asked to discuss the evidence, consider the issue from a societal perspective, and collectively work toward a justifiable resolution. There is increasing interest in this method, which warrants clear guidance for evaluating the quality of its use in research. Most of the existing literature on measuring deliberation quality emphasizes the quality of deliberants' inputs (eg, engagement and evidence of compromise) during deliberative sessions. Fewer researchers have framed quality in terms of facilitator inputs, and these researchers tend to examine inputs that are consistent with generic group processes. The theory, process, and purpose of public deliberation, however, are distinct from those of focus groups or other group-based discussions and warrant a mechanism for measuring quality in terms of facilitator fidelity to the principles and processes of deliberative democracy. In our public deliberation on ethical conflicts in minor consent for biomedical HIV prevention research, we assessed facilitator fidelity to these principles and processes because we believe that such assessments serve as a component of a comprehensive evaluation of overall deliberation quality. We examined verbatim facilitator remarks in the deliberation transcripts and determined whether they aligned with the 6 principles of public deliberation: equal participation, respect for the opinions of others, adoption of a societal perspective, reasoned justification of ideas, expression of diverse opinions, and compromise or movement toward consensus. In this tutorial, we describe the development of a blueprint to guide researchers in assessing facilitator fidelity, share 3 templates that will assist them in the task, and describe the results of our assessment of facilitator fidelity in 1 of the 4 sites in which we conducted deliberations.