Generation Of Migrant Workers Research Articles

Employment and Citizenizationof China's New Generation Migrant Workers in the Digital Economy Era

The diffusion of digital technology and business models globally has brought about new employment patterns, reshaping daily life and social relationships. Over the past few decades, the rapid growth of China's internet industry has fueled the development of the digital economy, giving rise to new forms of employment and labor relations. This has brought both new employment opportunities and challenges to migrant workers. As the primary labor force in modern society, the new generation of migrant workers is gradually engaging in new types of work in the context of digital development. However, as both migrant workers and new types of employees, they face issues related to the protection of labor rights and the process of citizenization in the city. This paper discusses the issues related to the citizenization of the new generation of migrant workers in the context of digitization and proposes recommendations and solutions.

Towards Solving School Enrollment of Migrant Workers' Children: Inspiration and promotion on the education model of World Association of United World Colleges

With the development of China's economy, the number of migrant workers is increasing. Due to the urban-rural dual economic structure and the differences in education level between urban and rural areas, the problem of compulsory education in the accompanying children of a new generation of migrant workers has come to the forefront. It is especially manifested in the difficulties for children of migrant workers integrating into urban schools, such as failure in language communication, lack of adaptability to the school atmosphere, lagging behind in school performance, and even falling into psychological problems. Therefore, it is urgent to help children of migrant workers to integrate into their schools. In fact, the education model of World Association of United World Colleges (UWC) is considered as a potentially promising solution with focusing on cultivating global citizenship and social responsibility. It improves students' comprehensive quality and ability through cross-cultural exchanges and practical activities, which helps migrant workers' children to better adapt to the social environment, and enhances their competitiveness and development prospects. Hence, such an education model could also provide us with a new idea and methodology. We could draw lessons from the model and promote its excellent philosophy to help children of migrant workers to integrate into their schools.

Retracted: Embedded Demand, Policy Supply, and the Urban Spatial Effect of the Transformation of the New Generation of Migrant Workers into Citizens

Retracted: Embedded Demand, Policy Supply, and the Urban Spatial Effect of the Transformation of the New Generation of Migrant Workers into Citizens

Does Childhood Left-Behind Experience Affect New Generation of Migrant Workers’ Willingness to Settle in Towns and Cities?

ABSTRACT This paper investigates whether the experience of being left during childhood affects the new generation of migrant workers’ willingness to settle in towns and cities and its internal mechanism from a life-cycle perspective. Using the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey, we found that the experience of being left behind during childhood has a significantly negative impact on people’s willingness to settle in towns and cities, and it has an impact through the individual’s education level, health status, financial situation and social skills. Furthermore, heterogeneity analysis reveals that the abovementioned effects were more notable in the samples left-behind experience with female, high frequency of mobility, short period of mobility, cross-provincial, and being left behind when both parents are working in cities. These findings add to the research on population migration.

Unlocking Opportunities for Migrant Workers in China: Analyzing the Impact of Health Insurance on Hukou Switching Intentions

The Chinese urban–rural binary health insurance structure has contributed to a significant urban–rural segmentation and regional fragmentation, which will affect labor mobilization and urbanization. The purpose of this research is to study whether and how urban–rural binary health insurance impacts the intentions of migrant workers to switch between rural and urban hukou. Pooled data were drawn from China Migrants Dynamic Survey, collected by the National Health Commission of China. The study applied the instrument variable model due to the existence of the endogeneity; and the IVprobit model to conduct the empirical analysis. Our findings are as follows: (1) the urban–rural binary health insurance affects migrant workers’ intentions to switch to urban hukou significantly. (2) The negative impact of originally rural health insurance on migrant workers’ intention of switching to urban hukou is relatively large for low-education-level migrant workers. (3) Compared with new generation of migrant workers, old migrant workers have higher health insurance dependency levels. Finally, our research suggested several policy implications, such as accelerating the establishment of a unified urban–rural health insurance system, increasing the urban health insurance participation rate of migrant workers in their working cities, and including migrant workers in the scope of equal access to urban public services, etc. All the policy suggestions are essential in order to accelerate the citizenization of migrant workers, improve the quality of urbanization, and promote the construction of a unified national labor market.

Depicting the narratives of escape, drift, compromise, and return: New Chinese youth paradigms in narratives of social mobility

ABSTRACT Including the next generation of migrant workers, the young generation with the new mobility can be appropriately considered as an urban-based floating population because they are not rooted in rural areas, unlike the previous generation. Those of the previous generation had a unilateral mobility trajectory from rural to urban areas, whereas the new generation’s life is based on particular regions and combines mobility trends in a more diverse direction with their own life themes. For explaining the social mobility, we applied descriptive-narrative methodology composing of narrative case study and semi-structured interviews. In this paper, the authors examine the endless variability and temporality that Chinese youths acquire from their migration experiences as well as their empirical emotions of uncertainty, particularly the internal narratives that support them amid such variability. Our conclusion suggests that the diversity of the narratives that supports mobility practices and the possibility of realizing personalized narratives are directly linked to the sustainability of Chinese society. Therefore, future Chinese urban population policies may appropriately be made by considering the narratives.

What Influences Family Migration Decision of China’s New Generation Rural-urban Migrants? A Multilevel Logistic Regression Analysis

The massive scale of new-generation rural-urban migrants in China has attracted extensive scholarly attention in recent years. While previous studies on China’s rural migrant workers focus on migrants’ individual settlement intentions, migrant’s family migration decision-making and the intergenerational differences between the old-generation migrants and new-generation migrants are underexplored. Based on the data of 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey, this paper adopts a multilevel logistic regression approach to explore family and destination factors influencing family migration decision of China’s new generation rural migrant workers. The empirical results reveal that both the migrants’ family and destination attributes significantly influence their family migration decision. The demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of family have been pivotal factors underlying family migration decision of China’s new generation rural-urban migrants, while 16.9% of the chances is explained by between-destination differences. Self-employed migrants with housing properties in host cities, long migration duration and high-income level are more likely to migrate with their family members. Yet, the possibility of family migration is found to be significantly and negatively correlated with the age, education level, number of children and inter-provincial mobility of the new generation migrant workers. In addition, new generation rural-urban migrants’ family migration is more likely to be found in cities with service-oriented industry structure, better environmental quality, and higher hukou barriers which is possibly related to more job opportunities. These research findings not only complement the existing literature on China’s new generation rural-urban migrants, but also have important policy implications for reforming hukou system and enhancing social integration of rural-to-urban migrant population.

Embedded Demand, Policy Supply, and the Urban Spatial Effect of the Transformation of the New Generation of Migrant Workers into Citizens

Drawing on the urban space theory, based on the interaction between policy supply and right demand, this paper constructs a theoretical model of the spatial fit and inhibition effect of the urban transformation of the new generation of migrant workers from the perspective of right demand and policy supply, to explore the urban space fit and restraining effect caused by the policy supply on the new generation of migrant workers. For that reason, under the guidance of the theoretical model, this paper makes an investigation and empirical analysis on the transformation of some new-generation migrant workers in the Yangtze River Delta, and the conclusion is as follows: the basic rights demand of the new generation of migrant workers embedded in urban space has a positive effect on the realization of their citizens’ transformation will, but the supply policy of citizens’ transformation has a restraining effect.

Application of the dual-factor model of mental health among Chinese new generation of migrant workers

BackgroundTraditional models of mental health focus on psychopathological symptoms. In contrast, the dual-factor model of mental health integrates positive mental health and psychopathology into a mental health continuum, which is an adaptation and complement to the traditional mental health research paradigm. The new generation of migrant workers is an important part of current Chinese society. Their identity has created a sense of loneliness, rootlessness, and alienation. This paper validates the applicability of the dual-factor model of mental health among new generation migrant workers in China.MethodsIn this study, 600 new generation migrant workers were recruited and tested on the symptom checklist 90, satisfaction with life scale, perceived stress scale, employee engagement inventory. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA were performed, the differences between the unidimensional model and dual-factor model were also tested.ResultsThe results showed that the dual-factor model of the mental health approach had better construct validity than the unidimensional model. And four subgroups could be significantly discriminated by the dual-factor model: mentally healthy (58.45%), vulnerable (30.87%), symptomatic but content (3.11%), and troubled (7.57%). Compared to the other three groups, workers who were mentally healthy showed higher perceived work values and lower perceived work stress.ConclusionsThe study suggests that a dual-factor model of mental health can be applied to new generation migrant workers in China, with positive mental health and psychopathology being important predictors of mental health.

Impact of promoting employment quality on new generation migrant workers’ settlement intention a study based on gender perspective

This meta-analysis summarizes the research findings of many local and international experts and constructs a comprehensive employment quality evaluation system based on factors including monthly salary, working hours, job stability, career reputation, social security, labor rights, development prospective, worker satisfaction and more. Binary Logistic Regression was used to analyze and discuss new generation migrant workers’ settlement intention, both as a whole and for different genders. Analysis suggests there are significant gender differences when it comes to settlement intention. Education level, social circle, skill development, weekly working hours and colleague relationship all have profound impact on new generation female migrant workers’ settlement intention. On the other hand, only career type and overall job satisfaction show significant influence over male migrant workers’ decision. It has to be noted that overall job satisfaction is an integrative indicator. Therefore, this paper suggests that in order to study the relationship between employment and settlement intention, one should start from analyzing comprehensive employment quality indicators with special attention paid to gender differences.

新生代农民工市民化进程中群体特征、现实困境及改革路向

新生代农民工市民化进程中群体特征、现实困境及改革路向

The Status Quo, Dilemma and Path Innovation of the Citizenization of the New Generation of Migrant Workers

The citizenization of the new generation of migrant workers is the only way to promote China’s urbanization. Based on the development status of the new generation of migrant workers, this paper summarizes the difficulties encountered in the four aspects of employment, housing, social security and the education of migrant workers' children in the process of citizenization, finally explores four innovative ways of citizenization of the new generation of migrant workers, such as, strengthening vocational skills training to improve the employment quality of the new generation of migrant workers, improving the housing security mechanism to ensure that they have a place to live, improving the social security system to safeguard that they can be treated for their illnesses and the elderly, improving the distribution of educational resources to promote fair education for the children of them.

The Role of New Media in the Identity Transformation of the New Generation of Migrant Workers

The new generation of migrant workers has become a large population in China. After leaving their rural hometown and entering big cities, they face the challenge of identity transformation. As an indispensable component of modern life, the rapidly developing new media plays an important role in their adaptation and integration into urban life. This research examines how and to what extent new media facilitates the identity transformation of the new generation of migrant workers by conducting qualitative interviews. It is found that although new media can help the new generation of migrant workers realize the transformation in job hunting, daily life, entertainment, social life and education, the effect on helping them break through the identity barrier is still limited. New media’s different role in their material life and spiritual life, changes in their use of new media after coming to cities, and their motivations for using new media have been discussed as well.

From lost identity to identity grafting: The second generation migrant workers in Beijing

The first two decades of twenty-first century witnessed growing academic enthusiasm over rural migrant families and their children in China. Unlike those who moved to the cities alone in the early stage of migration, nowadays more and more migrants tend to bring their families and children on the move. Recent research unveils the tendency of these migrant families to settle in a destination city permanently. On the one hand, living with their parents contributes to the general well-being of these migrant children, but on the other hand, once they are settled in the city, the challenging courses of navigating host and origin contexts and negotiating rural and urban identities befall them. However, how these children construct their identity against the urban backdrop remains largely a myth. This study, based on 6 months of fieldwork at a vocational secondary school in Beijing, is a memoir of twelve migrant girls constructing a new pro-urban identity in the city. Adopting qualitative and ethnographic approaches, through the theoretical lens of identity grafting, this study addresses how these migrant girls navigate rural and urban cultures and interact with other parties involved in heir daily lives against the urban background, and how they graft their new identity.

Consumer behavior of rural migrant workers in urban China

In Chinese cities, rural migrant workers are usually considered consumers with the lowest purchasing power. Nevertheless, the younger generation of rural migrants, who are considerably better educated and higher paid than their predecessors, form a growing group of able consumers. The increased consumption demand and capacity of rural migrants have started to transform the commercial landscape of Chinese cities, potentially contributing to the country's transition towards a consumption-driven economy. Based on a 2012 survey in Jiangsu Province, this paper identifies four distinct consumer types among young rural migrant workers: conservative, balanced, frustrated and adventurous. Their different consumption behaviors are shaped not only by their financial capacities, but also by their family responsibilities and acculturation attitudes in the city. Despite the similar constraints faced by all young rural migrant workers, some are more eager to develop an urban lifestyle and identity through imitating the consumer behavior of urban natives, while others largely retain rural customs and habits, which are shared by older generation migrant workers. The findings point to the impact of social and institutional barriers on rural migrants' consumption in light of increased social inequality amid China's urban transition.

Rural to urban migrant workers in China: challenges of risks and rights

PurposeThe rapid urbanization of China brings in large number of migrant workers coming from rural areas. With the perspective of social integration, this study reviews the findings about economic livelihood, social integration and health related to migrant workers since China initiated economic reform. We show that (1) though the economic wellbeing of migrant workers has been improved significantly after they moved to cities, their economic standing is still lower than local residents; (2) though there is progress of social integration between migrant workers and local residents, conflicts and challenges due to the competitions in employment and the sharing of community resource are still commonly found; (3) the disadvantaged status of health is very common among migrant workers and (4) women and the new generation in migration have more disadvantages in the social transition. We suggest that issues of equal rights between migrant workers and local residents should be discussed in the future as more migrant workers intend to stay in cities for long-term.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology is literature reviews based on the current studies about migrant, migration and policy. The first category of literature is the research field on China's migration and urbanization to describe the whole context of migrant workers. The second is research field on detailed issues about migrant workers and the last field is policy issues about the welfare and needs among migrant workers.FindingsWe find that (1) though the economic wellbeing of migrant workers has been improved significantly after they moved to cities, their economic standing is still lower than local residents; (2) though there are progress of social integration between migrant workers and local residents, conflicts and challenges due to the competitions in employment and the sharing of community resource are still commonly found; (3) the disadvantaged status of health is very common among migrant workers and (4) women and the new generation in migration face more disadvantages in the social transition.Research limitations/implicationsThere are some limitations in the current research: (1) the review focuses on the majority of migrant workers to reveal the general picture about the living, developing and rights among migrant workers, but is still lacking in dealing with some special and disadvantaged groups. (2) More international issues related to migrant workers should be discussed in the future considering that China's labor market is becoming more and more global.Social implicationsFirst, the conclusion about the economic and social integration among migrant workers indicates that more equal welfare services, including resident services, commence services, medical services etc. should be included in the municipal managements considering that Chinese cities will be the combination of local residents and migrant residents. Second, the conclusion about the women and children indicates that the future public services targeted at the disadvantaged population should focus on migrant members due to the second generation of migrant workers will be one of the mainstream population in future China's cities.Originality/valueThis study gives general views on migrant workers in current China. The findings in this review conclude the main development and improvements among tens of millions of migrant workers in Chinese cities. Meanwhile, we also conclude that there are still many disadvantaged and marginalized sub-groups in migration who are suffering from less welfares and rights in urban lives. More detailed and equal rights and public services should be considered and implemented in the fast urbanization taking place.

Research on Nanjing Citizens’ NIMBY Towards New Generation of Migrant Workers

It has been forty years since China started reform and began the policy of opening up, and China’s urbanization has sprung up. There’s a grain of truth that large numbers of rural residents are flooding into city, but it misses the big picture: They are excluded in economy, equal rights, social relations, culture and so on, among other things, they cannot be in citizen’s life and a real citizen. It’s the core reason for new generation of migrant worker to dwell in Nanjing and turn to be a real citizen. This paper will compare the depth and breadth about Nanjing citizens’ NIMBY toward new generation of migrant workers with investigation, research and data analysis, besides, from the view of demographic variables, social status and social relationships. In addition, identity disapproval has contributed to Nanjing citizen’s NIMBY to new generation of migrant worker. On the basis of conclusion, proposals from this paper bound, one of which is to strengthen social guidance for government to speed up urbanization.

The Improvement Thought and Basic Principle of the New Generation of Migrant Workers' Political Participation

As a basic way to express interests in the national and social political life, the new generation of migrant workers' political participation has attracted more and more attention. Cenozoic migrant workers as the backbone of urbanization and modernization process, its political participation conditions directly affect the effectiveness of the national democratic political construction need in the system, such as education, psychology, literacy levels to strengthen the new generation peasant workers' political participation, follow the following principles: the principle of the leadership of the party is the premise, principle of fairness and justice is the key, people-oriented principle is the core, principle of seeking truth from facts is the foundation, the legislative guiding principle is the guarantee. Therefore, for the new generation of migrant workers to participate in politics, we should not only grasp the strategy, but also pay attention to the principle, not only pay attention to the breadth of participation, but also pay attention to the depth of participation, on the road of the development of socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics.

Effects of Human Capital Investment on Entrepreneurial Capability of New Generation of Migrant Workers —— An Empirical Study Based on Questionnaire Survey in Chongqing

Effects of Human Capital Investment on Entrepreneurial Capability of New Generation of Migrant Workers —— An Empirical Study Based on Questionnaire Survey in Chongqing

New traces of New Generation Migrant Workers and ‘Migrating China’

New traces of New Generation Migrant Workers and ‘Migrating China’