General Knowledge Base Research Articles

Features of the operation of the training stand “Electric vehicle motor” in determining the operation characteristics of electric transport

In the modern world, the problem of the ecological state of our planet is acute. The environmental situation depends on many factors, these include both natural phenomena and human actions. One solution to this problem is to replace traditional internal combustion engines with more environmentally friendly electric vehicles.THE PURPOSE. The objective of this study is to analyze the internal structure of an electric vehicle, based on the training stand “Electric Vehicle Motor”, as well as to study the functions of this device, located at the Kazan State Energy University.METHODS. The authors of the article processed and analyzed the capabilities of modern laboratory equipment that simulates the operation of a particular component of an electric vehicle.RESULTS. The technology of the laboratory bench operating the electric vehicle, together with the DVT Customer software, allows for full control of the electric motor, as well as monitoring and changing a large number of parameters that affect the operation of the entire device as a whole.CONCLUSION. Since electric vehicles are gaining more and more popularity every year, the demand for people capable of diagnosing, repairing, and even improving existing ones and developing new components and assemblies in the field of electric vehicles is growing significantly. Using the “Electric Vehicle Motor” stand for teaching technical subjects and conducting research work can serve as a good basis for the formation of a general knowledge base about electric transport, its structure, the operating principle of all the main elements, monitoring and diagnostics of an electric vehicle.

Using technology broadcasting to explore market applications: The moderating role of a firm's domain‐specific and general knowledge

AbstractInnovative firms, like startups, are increasingly making use of technology broadcasting to explore market applications for their technology. While findings from previous studies suggest that these firms can get access to a large pool of suggestions for market applications through technology broadcasting, we lack empirical evidence on whether firms that use technology broadcasting will actually be able to process and explore these suggestions. The current study points to the distinct role of firms' domain‐specific and general knowledge base in this respect. It proposes that technology broadcasting is positively related to the number of market applications a firm explores. Moreover, it hypothesizes that this relationship is weakened by the firm's domain‐specific knowledge and strengthened by its general knowledge base. We use Poisson analyses on hand‐collected survey and secondary data on a sample of 205 Flemish startups. We find that technology broadcasting is positively associated with the number of market applications a firm explores. Furthermore, this positive relationship is stronger with increasing general knowledge, but weaker with increasing domain‐specific knowledge. These findings advance our understanding of the boundary conditions of technology broadcasting. Additionally, our study contributes to the open innovation literature which has called for more attention to the challenges an organization faces in managing its external knowledge search. Finally, our study provides important practical insights for innovative firms that are trying to find market applications for their technology.

A multi-view representation learning framework for commonsense knowledge bases

Commonsense knowledge bases play an essential role in a wide range of natural language processing tasks. This paper studies the problem of representation learning for commonsense knowledge bases to effectively incorporate their knowledge into numerical models. Most existing knowledge base representation learning methods are difficult to apply to commonsense knowledge bases since they are much sparser than general knowledge bases. Hence, in this paper, we propose a novel method for commonsense knowledge base representation learning. Specifically, we first model the nodes from multiple views, including word/phase information, context information, and graph information. Then, we design a scoring function to measure whether the commonsense triplets are established through relation representation learning. We conduct extensive experiments on two tasks and the results show that our proposed model outperforms other knowledge base representation learning methods.

Knowledge mapping and research trends of stem cell in wound healing: A bibliometric analysis

AbstractWound nonhealing is a common and difficult problem in clinic. Stem cells are pluripotent cells, and their undifferentiated and self‐replicating characteristics have attracted much attention in the regenerative medicine‐related researches. New treatment approaches might result from an understanding of the function of stem cells in wound healing. Using bibliometric techniques, this study proposed to analyse the research status, hotspots, and research trends in stem cell and wound healing. By using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), we conducted an in‐depth review of publications on stem cells in wound healing from 1999 to 2023. We used scientometric analysis methods to examine annual trends, institutions, countries, journals, authors, keywords, co‐occurrence references and their closed relationship, revealing present hotspots and potential future advancements in this field. We analysed 19 728 English studies and discovered a consistent rise in annual publications. The United States and China were the two countries with the most publications. The most three influential institutions in the field were Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sun Yat‐sen University, and University of Pittsburgh. International Journal of Molecular Sciences and Biomaterials were considered the most influential journals in this field. International Journal of Molecular Sciences had the most publications, and the most quantity of citations and the highest H‐index were found in Biomaterials. The dual‐map overlay revealed that publications in Molecular/Biology/Genetics and Health/Nursing/Medicine co‐cited journals received the majority of the citations for studies from Molecular/Biology/Immunology and Medicine/Medical/Clinical. In terms of publication production and influence, Fu X stood out among the authors, and Pittenger MF took the top spot in co‐citations. According to the keywords from the analysis, future research should concentrate on the mechanisms through which stem cells promote wound healing. We conducted a thorough analysis of the general information, knowledge base and research hotspots in the field of stem cells and wound healing from 1999 to 2023 by using the VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and other bibliometric analysis tools. It not only provided valuable insights for scholars, but also served as a reliable reference that drives further development in the field and stimulates the interest of researchers.

Uncertainties and opportunities in delivering environmentally sustainable surgery: the surgeons' view.

Surgery is a carbon-heavy activity and creates a high volume of waste. Surgical teams around the world want to deliver more environmentally sustainable surgery but are unsure what to do and how to create change. There are many interventions available, but resources and time are limited. Capital investment into healthcare and engagement of senior management are challenging. However, frontline teams can change behaviours and drive wider change. Patients have a voice here too, as they would like to ensure their surgery does not harm their local community but are concerned about the effects on them when changes are made. Environmentally sustainable surgery is at the start of its journey. Surgeons need to rapidly upskill their generic knowledge base, identify which measures they can implement locally and take part in national research programmes. Surgical teams in the NHS have the chance to create a world-leading programme that can bring change to hospitals around the world. This article provides an overview of how surgeons see the surgical team being involved in environmentally sustainable surgery.

Multigranularity Pruning Model for Subject Recognition Task under Knowledge Base Question Answering When General Models Fail

In general knowledge base question answering (KBQA) models, subject recognition (SR) is usually a precondition of finding an answer, and it is a common way to employ a general named entity recognition (NER) model such as BERT-CRF to recognize the subject. However, in previous researches, the difference between a NER task and a SR task is usually ignored, and a wrong entity recognized by the NER model will certainly lead to a wrong answer in the KBQA task, which is one bottleneck for KBQA performance. In this paper, a multigranularity pruning model (MGPM) is proposed to answer a question when general models fail to recognize a subject. In MGPM, the set of all possible subjects in the Knowledge Base (KB) is pruned by 4 multigranularity pruning submodels successively based on the constraint of relation (domain and tuple), string similarity, and semantic similarity. Experimental results show that our model is compatible with various KBQA models for both single-relation and complex questions answering. The integrated MGPM model (with the BERT-CRF model) achieves a SR accuracy of 94.4% on the SimpleQuestions dataset, 68.6% on the WebQuestionsSP dataset, and 63.7% on the WebQuestions dataset, which outperforms the original model by a margin of 3.6%, 8.6%, and 5.3%, respectively.

XCoS: Explainable Code Search Based on Query Scoping and Knowledge Graph

When searching code, developers may express additional constraints (e.g., functional constraints and nonfunctional constraints) on the implementations of desired functionalities in the queries. Existing code search tools treat the queries as a whole and ignore the different implications of different parts of the queries. Moreover, these tools usually return a ranked list of candidate code snippets without any explanations. Therefore, the developers often find it hard to choose the desired results and build confidence on them. In this article, we conduct a developer survey to better understand and address these issues and induct some insights from the survey results. Based on the insights, we propose XCoS, an explainable code search approach based on query scoping and knowledge graph. XCoS extracts a background knowledge graph from general knowledge bases like Wikidata and Wikipedia. Given a code search query, XCoS identifies different parts (i.e., functionalities, functional constraints, nonfunctional constraints) from it and use the expressions of functionalities and functional constraints to search the codebase. It then links both the query and the candidate code snippets to the concepts in the background knowledge graph and generates explanations based on the association paths between these two parts of concepts together with relevant descriptions. XCoS uses an interactive user interface that allows the user to better understand the associations between candidate code snippets and the query from different aspects and choose the desired results. Our evaluation shows that the quality of the extracted background knowledge and the concept linkings in codebase is generally high. Furthermore, the generated explanations are considered complete, concise, and readable, and the approach can help developers find the desired code snippets more accurately and confidently.

Fault diagnosis of regenerative thermal oxidizer system via dynamic uncertain causality graph integrated with early anomaly detection

Regenerative thermal oxidizers (RTO) serve as pivotal equipment for the treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, a diversity of faults of the RTO system may threaten personnel safety and lead to unscheduled downtime. In this work, we develop a traceability inference method based on dynamic uncertain causality graph (DUCG) to identify root fault cause of RTO at early anomaly alarm. A general expert knowledge base for the fault diagnosis of RTO system is constructed. And the anomaly alarm thresholds are modified according to historical data with n-sigma rules to improve the diagnostic accuracy. Results on different cases show advantages in both triggering early anomaly alarms and avoiding invalid alarms, which is crucial to improve the fault inference accuracy. By applying our method to 35 fault cases of a real RTO for pharmaceutical VOCs treatment, the fault detection rate reaches 94.29%, and the fault inference accuracy is 82.86%. The two scores are 3% and 21% higher than those with the conventional DUCG (with fixed alarms), respectively. This remarkable improvement underlines the significance of our proposed method for RTO maintenance, and it is expected to assure the system’s operational stability and reliability.

Post-Covid Media Behaviour Patterns of the Generation Z Members in Slovakia

Aim. The aim of the article is to identify and describe internet-consumption behavioral patterns that have been common after the Covid-19 restrictions have been lifted. Concept. In July 2022, we conducted a quantitative research based on an online survey in which 800 members for the Slovak Generation Z participated. Results. The results indicate a notable decrease in the quantity of time the Slovak Generation Z members spend daily online, when compared to the time of the Covid-19 pandemic, but the average daily time spent online never returned to the numbers typical for the pre-Covid times. Conclusion. Our data are an asset to the general knowledge base about the Slovak Generation Z internet-consumption behavioral patterns, but they are also specifically relevant for the disciplines of marketing, and mass-media communication, that view the Generation Z cohort as a part of the global audience. Cognitive value. The article contributes to the growing knowledge-base about the internet-consumption behavioral patterns of the (Slovak) Generation Z, and as such could be valuable for building theories about this part of the audience between the years 2020 and 2030, which will be a pivotal time for the development of marketing, internet and mass-media communication and the changes that will occur along with the change of the dominant position from the Generation Y to Generation Z, when it comes to the influence on the world’s mass-media markets, but also in other segments.

Is radiography or ultrasonography superior at detecting intestinal obstructions in dogs with acute abdominal signs?

PICO question In dogs with acute abdominal signs is radiography or ultrasonography superior at detecting surgical patients with intestinal obstructions? Clinical bottom line Category of research Diagnosis. Number and type of study designs reviewed Six relevant studies were identified and reviewed, all diagnostic validity studies. Four had cross sectional designs in place and two have a prospective cohort study design. Strength of evidence Moderate. Outcomes reported All studies showed that ultrasound and radiography were useful in the diagnosis of small intestinal obstruction in dogs. One study with moderate evidence showed that ultrasound is superior to three-view abdominal radiography for diagnosing small intestinal mechanical obstructions in dogs with acute vomiting (p = 0.013). Most of the studies suggested that ultrasound might be more accurate than radiography at detecting surgical patients with intestinal obstructions, but no sufficient evidence was reported. In some studies, the results are too similar for a statistically significant difference to be claimed without further investigation. All studies suggest that the experience of the person who performs or estimates the diagnostic imaging studies can affect the accuracy of each technique, but no statistical comparisons were made to support this hypothesis. Conclusion The results of these studies suggest that both techniques are helpful in the diagnosis of small intestinal obstructions in dogs. There are limitations on each technique and factors that can affect accuracy, like the level of training and expertise but more studies are needed to estimate that. Future studies should focus on the comparison of results when ultrasonography is performed in a general practice setting and knowledge base rather than specialists. The majority of studies included in this summary suggest that ultrasound is generally superior if only one modality can be used, but this is mostly based on weak evidence and further investigations to confirm statistical significance are needed. Considering that all studies were performed by diagnostic imaging experts, the only conclusion that can be safely made is that abdominal ultrasound is superior to three-view abdominal radiographs for diagnosing small intestinal mechanical obstructions in dogs with acute vomiting. Additionally it suggests this modality combined with a good level of training on ultrasonography interpretation or, if possible, cooperation with an expert to get the most out of this tool while treating future patients with relevant issues. How to apply this evidence in practice The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources. Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.

PARENTS' PARADIGM IN CHOOSING ISLAM-BASED PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

The development of civilization from time to time creates its own challenges for parents in providing the best education for their children. Moreover, currently there are rampant juvenile delinquents which are increasingly of various kinds due to the lack of religious foundations attached to their identity. This makes parents expect an educational service that can facilitate children in the fields of science, up-to-date technology, and general education that does not leave Islamic religious law. Apart from that, parents also really hope that, besides their children being intelligent in the academic field, they also want them to be morally intelligent, so that they become human beings who are not left behind in terms of technology, but excel in imitating the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad SAW.
 The purpose of this research is to look at the parents' point of view on the reasons for choosing an Islamic-based pre-school educational institution to prepare their children for primary school. This study uses a qualitative approach by utilizing online survey methods (questionnaires), interview, observation and documentation studies to obtain information related to this matter, then explains it descriptively by synchronizing it using social action theory put forward by Max Weber.
 The results of this study indicate conformity with Max Weber's theory of social action theory with the following explanation: (1) acts of instrumental rationality, namely actions based on goals. The purpose of parents choosing Islamic-based pre-school educational institutions is because they want their children to have a good Islamic religious foundation, to have a strong stance amidst various social influences, to be able to emulate the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, to have good morals, to be pious children. sholihah, and has a balanced general and religious knowledge base. (2) Value-Oriented Rationality, namely actions based on beliefs about important values ​​such as ethics, aesthetics, and religion. This is in line with the reasons of parents who put forward social values ​​that tend to adhere to Eastern customs, where modesty in dress, speech, and behavior is very important in blending in with the environment, all of which is taught in Islamic education. (3) Affective Actions, namely Actions determined by the psychological condition and feelings of the individual. This action is also carried out by parents due to busy work and feelings of inadequacy or worry in educating children in a consistent and optimal manner. For this reason, parents feel they need help from Islamic-based pre-school educational institutions to teach them to their children. (4) Traditional actions, namely actions carried out because of habits that have been ingrained in the flesh or have been carried out from generation to generation. This is in line with the findings of the study that the views on Islamic values, norms and customs that have been acquired by parents from generation to generation and are considered as the foundation of true life so that they also need to be taught to the next generation.

P070 Global cytokine—cytokine interaction framework to uncover communication channels between elements of the immune system

Abstract Background Cytokines are small peptides that signal between a variety of cell types and are one of the fundamental communication elements of the immune system. A variety of cytokine—cytokine interactions have previously been investigated in the literature, describing cytokines activating or inhibiting other cytokines in target cell types, and thus progressing the immune response to infection and illness. Disruption of cytokine communication is often an important goal in drug development as these compounds allow quelling and managing an overactive immune response in chronic diseases, such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). In our previous work, we have introduced CytokineLink, a novel computational framework developed to establish cytokine—cytokine interactions from transcriptomics data (Olbei et al., Cells, 2021). Methods In this project, we generated a global network of cytokine—cytokine interactions based on cytokine response transcriptomics data from over 2000 datasets deposited in the CytoSig database. Using CytoSig’s significance analysis protocol, we established statistically significant cytokine—cytokine interactions, and determined the likely intracellular pathways connecting upstream and target cytokines using the OmniPath interaction resource. Results The resulting network is a signed, directed network of cytokine communication, containing 488 cytokine—cytokine interactions of 91 cytokines. The interactions in the network are annotated with the intracellular pathways that the included cytokines are anticipated to utilise, as well as the stimulatory and inhibitory effects that the cytokines have on one another. The resource captures the cytokine—cytokine networks of cytokines crucial in the pathophysiology of IBD, such as TNF, IL2, IL21, and OSM, which may grant novel insights into the cytokine pathways important in the molecular mechanisms underlying chronic diseases like IBD. The resource can be used by the community as a knowledge base for hypothesis generation, and is freely available through the NDEx platform. Conclusion In our work, we generated a novel computational framework collating how cytokines differentially regulate the expression of one another based on cytokine response transcriptomics data. The resulting interactions are signed, highlighting the inhibitory or stimulatory nature of the associations, and the change in expression associated with each link. The resource could be used to identify previously unknown network pharmacology targets, and to better understand the cytokine dysregulation in chronic diseases such as IBD by illustrating the interplay of the most influential IBD associated cytokines with other cytokines.

Advances in Forest Management Research in the Context of Carbon Neutrality: A Bibliometric Analysis

Climate change has become a threat to humanity, and achieving carbon neutrality is a worldwide objective. Forests are significant natural carbon sinks; forest ecosystems are one of the effective ways to mitigate climate change, and professional management may effectively contribute to achieving carbon neutrality goals. Using the bibliometrix R-package in R and CiteSpace for bibliometric analysis of research areas from general statistics and knowledge base perspectives, this study systematically reviewed the status, evolution, and research hotspots of forest management in the context of carbon neutrality based on 6112 papers published in this research area between 2002 and 2022. The results revealed: (1) The research on forest management in the context of carbon neutrality has rapidly developed with a high level of attention between 2002–2022. Furthermore, this field of research has become a well-established discipline. (2) Throughout the research history, there were five main research hotspots, which were the function of forest carbon sinks, scientific and rational forest management, forest ecosystem services, assessment of forest carbon sinks, and forest management models. (3) Potential future research avenues include the development of a new model of forest management in the context of carbon neutrality.

Education of the role of puppet theatre in the primary school pupils (6-9) year

The nation is based on the right education with all its educational and educational contents and social and moral aspects in building a human being, so the children's theater, including (puppet theater) contributes effectively to what is important in education, and has a great impact in preparing the personality of the child correctly and consciously, giving them a spirit of awareness and thinking and promoting educational values besides aesthetic taste, so this study seeks to invest (puppet theater) to develop the levels of primary education in Iraq The problem of research was the following question: How can puppet theatre be used to teach primary students? The importance of the research lies in demonstrating the importance of the role of the doll in the education of primary school children, as it continues to benefit workers in educational and educational institutions and cultural institutions to build a knowledge base for the new generation with the intention of educating them through visual, audio, critical and aesthetic taste and moving away from this old traditional method in the first semester.

THE ROLE OF FARM TELEVISION ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAITS OF THE FARMERS

This present study was conducted in Ahmedabad district of Gujarat, with a sample size of 120 television viewing farmers. The ex-post facto research design was used for the research study. The result revealed that the independent variable farm television viewing behaviour of farmers had positive and significant co- relation with psychological traits viz. basic general knowledge about agriculture and animal husbandry, achievement motivation, symbolic behavioural adoption for improving farming, risk orientation, scientific orientation, economic motivation, market orientation, attitude towards IPM, neem based bio-pesticides, bio-fertilizers, mixed farming and kisan credit card and cosmopoliteness had failed to show significant co-relation with television viewing behaviour of farmers.

Blended Finance: Konsep & Penerapan di Indonesia

This study aims to find out what and how Blended Finance is and specifically and to provide new insights and practical examples of Blended Finance in Indonesia. This research is qualitative research with a library study approach and interviews with practices in the field of Blended Finance. This research reveals a new definition of Blended Blended Finance as one of the systems that can answer the need for funds to make the SDGs a success by using the 4P funds, namely public, private, philanthropy and people. Blended Finance in Practice in Indonesia, among others, SDG Indonesia One, Tri Hita Karana Roadmap Blended Finance, The Sustainability Project Bond from the Tropical Landscape Finance Facility (TLFF), and the Marine and Fisheries Funding Institution (IPKP). The challenges in implementing Blended Finance in Indonesia are building a general knowledge base, lack of coordination or the emergence of ego institutions and the absence of appropriate projects or programs that are ready for financing. The existence of personnel or institutions as a tailoring project is the key to the success of blended finance.

Who Believes the “50 Great Myths of Psychology”?

Background Furnham and Hughes (2014) previously reported that a sample of adults was only able to recognize 37% of 249 myths based on those presented in Lilienfeld et al.’s (2009) Great Myths of Popular Psychology. Objective We sought to replicate these findings and to investigate predictors (e.g., education, cognitive ability, and personality) of beliefs in these myths in both lower- and upper-division courses. Method Over 150 psychology students completed a test of psychomythological beliefs, demographics, tests of cognitive ability, and measures of personality. Results Our sample identified a similar, but slightly higher percentage of the myths than those recognized by Furnham and Hughes’ sample. Myth acceptance was high among both introductory- and senior-level psychology students, but seniors believed significantly fewer myths, and the number of psychology courses taken was negatively related to false beliefs in the full sample. A larger general knowledge base and high intellectual openness predicted myth rejection; group membership did not moderate these effects. Conclusion Education and some individual differences variables likely play a role in psychomythological beliefs. Teaching Implications Psychology faculty should continue working to dispel psychological myths, and also redouble their efforts to enhance students’ core knowledge base, critical thinking, and intellectual curiosity.

A Semantic NoSQL Application Program Interface for Big Data

Complexity, heterogeneity, schemaless-ness, data visualization, and extraction of consistent knowledge from Big Data are the biggest challenges in NoSQL databases. This paper presents a general semantic NoSQL Application Program Interface that integrates and converts NoSQL databases to semantic representation. The generated knowledge base is suitable for visualization and knowledge extraction from different Big Data sources. The authors use a case study of the COVID-19 pandemic prediction and other weather occurrences in various parts of the world to illustrate the suggested API. The Authors find a correlation between COVID-19 spread and deteriorating weather. According to the experimental findings, the API's performance is enough for heterogeneous Big Data.

Method of supporting decision­making in the development of the subject field of multi­agent processes for the conversion of information system resources

Multi-agent systems represent a new direction in the development of artificial intelligence, which was formed on the basis of research results in the field of distributed computer systems, network technologies for solving problems, and parallel computing. The agent approach is already used in the distributed solution of complex tasks, enterprise reengineering, e-business, logistics, and uniform modeling. In this problem, two classes of problems can be classified: tasks of distributed management and tasks of planning the achievement of goals, in which agents jointly solve the set problems, and it is necessary to ensure an effective way of cooperation of their activities, and local tasks in which agents use common, as a rule, limited resources. The implementation of software agents in the information system will, to some extent, simplify the work of users, as the agents will be able to monitor the state of the system and offer certain solutions. An important problem in the development of the information system is obtaining the knowledge of specialists in a certain subject area. For the most part, this knowledge is not formalized and therefore inaccessible to other people. A successful solution to this problem is the addition of a general knowledge base to the created conceptual model and the development of agents that, based on this knowledge, will offer solutions to certain problems in an automated area that performs certain formalized user functions and provides support in solving organizational and technical management tasks. The article considers a method of decision-making support in the development of the subject area of multi-agent processes of transformation of information system resources, which differs from existing methods by using the information component of the description of the subject area based on the analysis of information flows to build a conceptual model of the information system, which allows you to significantly speed up and simplify the development of software complexes.

Повреждения корня мениска: распространенность и современные аспекты диагностики и лечении

Among the variety of different pathologies of the intra-articular structures of the knee, tearing of the root of the medial meniscus is one of the least studied and at the same time the most formidable injuries. Biomechanically, this type of injury is comparable to a total meniscectomy, which leads to a decrease in the area of tibiofemoral contact and an increase in contact pressure in the affected area. These changes are detrimental to the articular cartilage and ultimately lead to the development of early osteoarthritis. Surgery is the treatment of choice in patients without significant osteoarthritis (grade 1 or 2).According to many authors, posterior meniscus root repair improves clinical outcomes, reduces meniscus extrusion and delays the onset of degenerative changes.This article is intended to expand the general knowledge base on the issue for doctors who may encounter this problem.Keywords: meniscus root tear, prevalence, diagnosis, suture techniques, osteoarthrosis