Generalized Cytomegalovirus Infection Research Articles

Ultrasonic detection of fetal ascites associated with polyhydramnios

The combination of fetal ascites and polyhydramnios is an uncommon problem that can be detected in utero by sonography. A case is reported where the etiology was found to be generalized cytomegalovirus infection. The differential diagnosis, etiology and diagnostic procedures are discussed. A thorough sonographic study is essential in the diagnosis and evaluation of fetal ascites in utero.

Effects of vaccination on cytomegalovirus-associated interstitial pneumonia in strain 2 guinea pigs.

The pathogenesis and prevention of generalized infection and interstitial pneumonia due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) in inbred strain 2 guinea pigs were investigated. Eighteen animals inoculated with approximately 10(7) 50% tissue culture infective doses of virulent salivary gland-passaged guinea pig CMV (GPCMV-SG) developed generalized, viremic CMV infections, and 44% of the animals died. Most (68%) cocultivated tissues showed CMV infection, including lungs, which demonstrated severe bilateral interstitial pneumonia. Guinea pigs inoculated with live tissue culture-passaged GPCMV (GPCMV-TC) vaccine developed mild, nonlethal, generalized CMV infections and minimal histopathologic changes in infected tissues, including lungs. After challenge of 19 GPCMV-TC-vaccinated animals with GPCMV-SG, viremia was detectable in two (11%); CMV was detected in 15% of cocultivated tissues and rarely in lungs. Although vaccinated animals showed histologic evidence of interstitial pneumonia after challenge, none died. Strain 2 guinea pigs are useful for studies of pathogenesis and prevention of generalized CMV infection, particularly CMV-associated interstitial pneumonia.

A Case of Adult T-cell Type Lymphoma with Generalized Cytomegalovirus Infection and Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia

A Case of Adult T-cell Type Lymphoma with Generalized Cytomegalovirus Infection and Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia

Pathomorphology of humoral, cellular and combined primary immunodeficiencies

Histologic, immunohistologic and electron microscopic findings in three children with primary immunodeficiencies are reported. Classical X-linked infantile agammaglobulinemia Bruton was present in case 1 (male, aged 16 years), selective cellular immunodeficiency with thrombopenia in case 2 (male, aged 2 1/2 years) and non-lymphopenic severe combined immunodeficiency in case 3 (male, aged 1 3/4 years). At autopsy, all three cases exhibited unusual types of pneumonia. In case 2 a generalized cytomegalovirus infection was present. Case 3 disclosed panmyelopathia and chronic liver lesions due to severe GvH-reaction subsequent to bone marrow transplantation. A detailed morphologic study of the immune system revealed distinct alterations in the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes and the lymphatic tissues of the gastrointestinal tract characteristic of an immunodeficiency state, either humoral (case 1), cellular (case 2) or combined (case 3).

Gastrointestinal hemorrhage secondary to cytomegalovirus after renal transplantation: A case report and review of the problem

Generalized cytomegalovirus infection was associated with massive and ultimately fatal upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a renal allograft recipient and persisted even after subtotal gastric resection. The surgical specimen and the remaining stomach at autopsy revealed multiple superficial ulcérations with cytomegalic inclusion bodies within the gastric mucosa. Renal failure in the terminal stages of the patient's illness required hemodialysis but did not seem to be the sole result of allograft rejection, suggesting that the renal dysfunction may be caused by the systemic viral infection.

IMMUNOLOGIC RESPONSE TO CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION IN RENAL ALLOGRAFT RECIPIENTS1

Craighead, J. E. (College of Medicine, Univ. of Vermont, Burlington, Vt.). Immunologic response to cytomegalovirus infection in renal a I log raft recipients. Amer. J. Epid., 1969, 90: 506–513.—Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was established by serologic means in 60% of renal allograft recipients undergoing transplantation at the Peter Bent Brig ham Hospital over a four-year period. Evidence of infection was not found during the month immediately following surgery; it usually appeared during the subsequent five months. More than half of the patients who possessed no serologic evidence of CMV infection before transplantation developed significant levels of antibody after the procedure. The data suggest that infection may have occurred as a result of environmental exposure to CMV in the hospital or clinic. Substantial increases in CF titer were demonstrated in the majority of allograft recipients having serum antibody at the time of transplantation. It is assumed that these patients experienced an exacerbation of “latent” virus. Evidence is presented which suggests that the antibody response is altered in some patients developing CMV infection during periods of immunosup-pressive treatment. Falling levels of CF or neutralization antibody or both were demonstrated in all but one of 11 patients who died with generalized CMV infection. Neutralization tests showed that most patients developed antibody which was reactive with three established strains of CMV.