General Vector Research Articles

Solar neutrino constraints on light mediators through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering

We investigate new physics with light-neutral mediators through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEνNS) at low energies. These mediators, with a mass of less than 1 GeV, are common properties for extensions of the Standard Model (SM). We consider general scalar, vector, and tensor interactions allowed by Lorentz invariance and involve universal light mediators accordingly. In addition, we study an additional vector gauge boson with an associated U(1)′ gauge group for a variety of models including U(1)B−L, U(1)B−3Le, U(1)B−3Lμ, and U(1)B−3Lτ. These models differ in the fermion charges, which determine their contributions within the CEνNS process. The effects of each model are investigated by embedding them in the SM process using solar neutrino flux. We derive new limits on the coupling-mass plane of these models from the latest CDEX-10 data. We also present projected sensitivities involving the future experimental developments for each model. Our results provide more stringent constraints in some regions, compared to previous works. Furthermore, the projected sensitivities yield an improvement of up to one order of magnitude. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Generalized Jaccard feature screening for ultra-high dimensional survival data

<p>To identify critical genomes that influence a cancer patient's survival time, feature screening methods play a vital role in this biomedical field. Most of the current research relies on a fixed survival function model, which limits its universality in practical applications. In this paper, we propose the Generalized Jaccard coefficient (GJAC), which extends the traditional Jaccard coefficient from comparing binary vectors' similarity to calculating the correlation between the general vectors. The larger the GJAC value, the higher the sample similarity. Using the GJAC, we introduce a novel model-free screening method to select the active set of covariates in ultra-high dimensional survival data. Through Monte Carlo simulations, GJAC-Sure Independence Screening (GJAC-SIS) shows a higher accuracy, lower errors, and an excellent applicability in different types of survival data compared with other existing model-free feature screening methods in survival data. Additionally, in the real cancer datasets (DLBCL), GJAC-SIS can screen out two additional important genomes, which are certified in the real biomedical experiment, while the other five methods can't. As a result, GJAC-SIS achieves a high screening precision, delivers a more effective screening outcome, and has a better utility and universality.</p>

Методологические основы государствен- ного управления социальным развитием территориальных социально-экономических систем

Introduction: social development management of territories is a significant area of state policy, which is reflected in the key strategic federal and regional documents. Objectives: the authors propose a methodological approach to understanding the essence of “social development management” in relation to territorial socio-economic systems (region, municipality). Methods: general scientific methods of cognition, analysis of legal acts, statistical analysis. Results: the authors proposed a methodology for studying the social development management of territories (subject and object of management, control action, feedback, resource provision and management goal). The article defines the threats and directions for improving the system of state social development management. Conclusions: Within the methodology, social development management goal is to ensure the population access to social services in accordance with the individual needs and demands of the population in a particular territory. From structural point of view, the object of social development management is the population itself as a consumer of social services and a subsystem for the provision of social services (social sphere). In terms of process component, the object of social development management is the balance between supply and demand of suppliers and consumers of social services. Regarding public authority, the management mechanism is expressed in social policy and its tools implemented at the strategic, tactical and operational levels of management. The authors determined that the general vector of the country’s social development should correlate with the main task of the country’s national security –“preserving the Russia’s nation and developing human potential”; the state should form the institutional environment for the labor market and the social sphere to adapt to digitalization; the social development management mechanism should be proactive; when implementing social policy, it is necessary to take into account the trend towards individualization; in the context of limited budgetary resources, it is necessary to attract investors and other sources of financing the social services market.

Dissipation in Onsager’s Critical Classes and Energy Conservation in BV∩L∞\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$BV\\cap L^\\infty $$\\end{document} with and Without Boundary

This paper is concerned with the incompressible Euler equations. In Onsager’s critical classes we provide explicit formulas for the Duchon–Robert measure in terms of the regularization kernel and a family of vector-valued measures {μz}z⊂Mx,t\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\{\\mu _z\\}_z\\subset {\\mathcal {M}}_{x,t}$$\\end{document}, having some Hölder regularity with respect to the direction z∈B1\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$z\\in B_1$$\\end{document}. Then, we prove energy conservation for Lx,t∞∩Lt1BVx\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$L^\\infty _{x,t}\\cap L^1_t BV_x$$\\end{document} solutions, in both the absence or presence of a physical boundary. This result generalises the previously known case of Vortex Sheets, showing that energy conservation follows from the structure of L∞∩BV\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$L^\\infty \\cap BV$$\\end{document} incompressible vector fields rather than the flow having “organized singularities”. The interior energy conservation features the use of Ambrosio’s anisotropic optimization of the convolution kernel and it differs from the usual energy conservation arguments by heavily relying on the incompressibility of the vector field. This is the first energy conservation proof, for a given class of solutions, which fails to simultaneously apply to both compressible and incompressible models, coherently with compressible shocks having non-trivial entropy production. To run the boundary analysis we introduce a notion of “normal Lebesgue trace” for general vector fields, very reminiscent of the one for BV functions. We show that having such a null normal trace is basically equivalent to have vanishing boundary energy flux. This goes beyond the previous approaches, laying down a setup which applies to every Lipschitz bounded domain. Allowing any Lipschitz boundary introduces several technicalities to the proof, with a quite geometrical/measure-theoretical flavour.

Маркетинговые программы современных фармацевтических предприятий

The article is devoted to comparative analysis of the experience of marketing programs development used by pharmaceutical industry organizations operating both in Russia and in foreign countries. The relevance of the chosen topic is explained by the fact that, while trading in specific goods, it is important for the pharmaceutical industry to develop and implement the program containing the main aspects of product promotion, attracting consumers, and increasing the efficiency growth. The research methods are characterized by comparative analysis and information synthesis. The purpose of the study is to summarize the experience of domestic and foreign pharmaceutical companies in marketing programs development, taking into account the specifics of the main products. The results of the study are identification of the main tools used to attract and retain customers. The obtained results can be used by pharmaceutical companies in Russia to improve the quality of interaction with potential customers using the Internet, which determines the general vector of marketing programs for the development of pharmaceutical industry organizations. In the work domestic pharmaceutical industry is characterized as an object of marketing research. Development features of Russian pharmaceutical sector are highlighted, and theoretical analysis of marketing program concept is carried out. The author's interpretation of marketing program concept for pharmaceutical enterprise is proposed, and the stages of marketing program formation are highlighted. Peculiarities and general features of marketing program formation for domestic and foreign manufacturers are determined.

THE HISTORY OF DIGITIZATION OF MODERN KAZAKHSTAN IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GLOBAL CHALLENGE: ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON

The history and importance of the development of the "problem of digitization" and "smart city" are discussed as the subject of the article. In this study, the concept of "smart city" is considered as a general vector of further socio-economic development of cities. To reveal the historical aspect of the topic, historical reviews of the digitalization process of countries such as Singapore, Japan, and the USA are given. At this point, research methods: control and mixed methods are used. Using the methodology of qualitative analysis as a research methodology, the author compares the new digitization methodology, its development, developed in domestic discourse, with world experience. The authors come to the conclusion that the transfer of the state management system to a digital format serves as a means of developing the state's national interests and raising its image in the international arena. Today, the main task is to create conditions for the development of all types of cities, to ensure the uniformity of the economic and social development of the country's territories at the expense of increasing their competitiveness. Here, not competition, but competition, interaction and mutual aid relations based on the effective use of limited resources, primarily intellectual resources, play a decisive role. The practical importance of the article is to study the history of the complete digitalization of Kazakhstan and put the data into use. The research article will be useful and relevant for all readers who are studying the history of development of modern Kazakhstan or who are studying the humanitarian field.

Generic Beauville’s Conjecture

Abstract Let $\alpha \colon X \to Y$ be a finite cover of smooth curves. Beauville conjectured that the pushforward of a general vector bundle under $\alpha $ is semistable if the genus of Y is at least $1$ and stable if the genus of Y is at least $2$ . We prove this conjecture if the map $\alpha $ is general in any component of the Hurwitz space of covers of an arbitrary smooth curve Y.

Extension of the Kantorovich Theorem to Equations in Vector Metric Spaces: Applications to Functional Differential Equations

The equation G(x,x)=y˜, where G:X×X→Y, and X,Y are vector metric spaces (meaning that the values of a distance between the points in these spaces belong to some cones E+,M+ of a Banach space E and a linear space M, respectively), is considered. This operator equation is compared with a “model” equation, namely, g(t,t)=0, where a continuous map g:E+×E+→M+ is orderly covering in the first argument and antitone in the second one. The idea to study equations comparing them with “simpler” ones goes back to the Kantorovich fixed-point theorem for an operator acting in a Banach space. In this paper, the conditions under which the solvability of the “model” equation guarantees the existence of solutions to the operator equation are obtained. The statement proved extends the recent results about fixed points and coincidence points to more general equations in more general vector metric spaces. The results obtained for the operator equation are then applied to the study of the solvability, as well as to finding solution estimates, of the Cauchy problem for a functional differential equation.

On integration with respect to filter

This article is devoted to the study of one generalization of the Riemann integral. Namely, in the paper, it was observed that the classical definition of the Riemann integral over a finite segment as a limit of integral sums, when the diameter of the division of the segment tends to zero, can be replaced by a limit of integral sums over a filter of sets, which can be described in a certain "good way". This idea was continued, and in the work we propose a new concept - the integral of a function over a filter on the set of all tagged partitions of a segment. Using of filters is a very good method in questions related to convergence or some of its analogues in general topological vector spaces. Namely, if the space is non-metrizable, then the concept of convergence is introduced precisely with the help of filters. Also, using filters, you can formulate the concept of completeness and its analogues. The completeness of spaces is one of the central concepts of the theory of topological vector spaces, since Banach spaces are complete. That is, using a generalization of the completeness of spaces constructed using filters, we can explore various generalizations of Banach spaces. We study standard issues related to integration. For example, does the integrability of the filter function imply its boundedness? The answer to this question is affirmative. Namely: the concept of filter boundedness of a function is introduced, and it is shown that if a function is integrable over filter, then its integral sums are bounded over the filter, and this function itself is bounded in the classical sense. Next, we showed that the filter integral satisfies the linearity property, namely, the integral over filter of the sum of two functions is the sum of the filter integrals of these functions. In addition, we can to subtract the constant factor from the sign of the integral over filter. We introduce the concept of an exactly tagged filter, and with the help of such filters we study the filter integrability of unbounded functions on a segment. We give an example of a specific unbounded function and a specific filter under which this function is integrable. Next, we prove a theorem that describes unbounded filter-integrable functions on a segment. The last section of the article is devoted to the integration of functions relative to the filter on a subsegment of this segment.

Тоталітарні режими Європи та музика: хроніки протистояння

The article analyses the relationship between artists and the totalitarian regimes that prevailed in Italy, Germany, and Ukraine in the twentieth century. The relevance of the topic is due to the need for a deep study of the processes that took place in the field of art in the twentieth century, since this era is characterised by close interconnections of artistic research with certain philosophical, aesthetic, and ideological systems. Musical life reflected the social processes that took place in different locations in Europe during that period, including the principles of neo-myth-making inherent in totalitarian ideologies. The mythologisation of mass consciousness required complete submission from art. Not all famous musicians were able to openly oppose the ideology of totalitarian regimes, as they felt an immediate danger to their own lives. The fascist and soviet regimes demonstrated all kinds of punitive systems in the face of disobedience and deviation of the artist's work from the general vector of artistic life - from doom to oblivion to complete moral and physical destruction. Based on existing studies by foreign and domestic scholars, the authors of the article aim to recreate the events of the creative life of famous artists in the context of their complex relationships with the authorities and confrontation with totalitarian regimes of the 1920s-1950s. Recreating such chronicles is a necessary component in creating a systematic view of the role of the artist in the sociocultural continuum. The complex and ambiguous relations with the authorities are examined on the example of the creative life of composers P. Hindemith and B. Martinů, conductors W. Furtwängler, H. von Karajan, O. Klemperer and A. Toscanini. Some of them took a position of outright opposition to the regime (A. Toscanini), others - of collaboration with it (H. von Karajan), and some made constant attempts to manoeuvre between their own conscience and the need to express support for the regime. Understanding the actions of each individual artist in the complex socio-cultural situation of the totalitarian regime is possible only if the specifics of social psychology and national culture are taken into account, which further requires an interdisciplinary approach to the study of the problem. Understanding the actions of each individual artist in the complex socio-cultural situation of the totalitarian regime is possible only if the specifics of social psychology and national culture are taken into account, which further requires an interdisciplinary approach to the study of the problem.

On the potential of transfer entropy in turbulent dynamical systems

Information theory (IT) provides tools to estimate causality between events, in various scientific domains. Here, we explore the potential of IT-based causality estimation in turbulent (i.e. chaotic) dynamical systems and investigate the impact of various hyperparameters on the outcomes. The influence of Markovian orders, i.e. the time lags, on the computation of the transfer entropy (TE) has been mostly overlooked in the literature. We show that the history effect remarkably affects the TE estimation, especially for turbulent signals. In a turbulent channel flow, we compare the TE with standard measures such as auto- and cross-correlation, showing that the TE has a dominant direction, i.e. from the walls towards the core of the flow. In addition, we found that, in generic low-order vector auto-regressive models (VAR), the causality time scale is determined from the order of the VAR, rather than the integral time scale. Eventually, we propose a novel application of TE as a sensitivity measure for controlling computational errors in numerical simulations with adaptive mesh refinement. The introduced indicator is fully data-driven, no solution of adjoint equations is required, with an improved convergence to the accurate function of interest. In summary, we demonstrate the potential of TE for turbulence, where other measures may only provide partial information.

GUT origins of general electroweak multiplets and their oblique parameters

We survey the scalar electroweak multiplets that can originate from a grand unified theory (GUT) like SU(5), SO(10) or E6. We compute the oblique parameters S, T and U for a general scalar electroweak multiplet and then apply the results to the leptoquark, as well as the color sextet and octet cases, allowed by the GUT survey. Constraints from precision measurement data of the Standard Model W boson mass and ρ parameter to the mass splittings within each of these multiplets are presented. Extension to general vector electroweak multiplets is briefly discussed.

Formation of the government in Montenegro

This article examines the protracted and controversial process of government formation in Montenegro in the aftermath of the presidential (19.03–02.04.2023) and early parliamentary elections (11.06.2023), although their results had already indicated who won, who lost. The problems revealed during the negotiations between the candidates for participation in power, which clearly characterize the mores of the subjects of the political scene of the country and the prospects of the new cabinet, are analyzed. Its structure and program are considered. The balance of power in the parliament is correlated with the sentiments of citizens revealed by polls. The forecast of Montenegro’s foreign policy orientation under the new government and the likelihood of its early admission to the EU are given. It was stated that normalization of relations with Serbia is possible, but in any case, no change in the general anti-Russian vector of foreign policy should be expected.

The Institute of Reconciliation in Russian Law of the XI-XVI Centuries

The object of the study is pre-trial and judicial conciliation procedures in conflicts between subjects of Russian monarchs. The subject of the study is the legal norms regulating these procedures, their genesis and development since the formation of the Old Russian state, contained in the legislation of individual principalities and the Moscow State. The need to write this article is caused both by the general vector of development of the science of the history of state and law of Russia, and by not quite correct ideas about the history of the institute of reconciliation among domestic researchers, especially specialists in the field of criminal law and procedure. The purpose of this work is to restore the scientific nature of the study of the genesis of the institute of reconciliation in Russian law. Particular attention is paid to the involvement of judicial practice illustrating the widespread use of conciliation procedures, including in the commission of serious crimes. Comparative legal analysis allowed us to show the development of the institution, the persistent desire of the legislator to reconcile the parties, including in the commission of serious crimes that caused significant property damage. The conducted research allowed us to conclude that reconciliation between the conflicting parties, carried out since ancient times according to custom, has already been legally regulated in the Moscow Kingdom in three directions: 1) in a pre-trial order; 2) after applying to the court, but before the start of the consideration and 3) after the verdict, before the judicial duel.

A General Vector Field Coupled to a Strongly Compressible Turbulent Flow

A General Vector Field Coupled to a Strongly Compressible Turbulent Flow

Debate around U.S. Foreign Trade Legislation as an Element of Détente in Soviet-American Relations (1969–1979)

Détente in Soviet-American relations throughout the 1970s was a complex and multifaceted process. The interaction of the two states as regards foreign trade, technology transfer and scientific exchanges was an important part of it. On the one hand, according to some détente ideologists, a critical mass of commercial ties along with scientific and technological projects established in accordance with the tenets of equality and mutual benefit could have created conditions for overcoming the Cold War and maintaining peaceful coexistence in the foreseeable future. At the same time, it was in the sphere of foreign trade that sharp disagreements first manifested themselves, indicating a clear-cut rift between the external political goals of the superpowers and the ability of their internal legislative systems to address these challenges. This article is devoted to reviewing the processes of transforming US foreign trade legislation during the détente period. It aims to insert this track into the pattern of forming Washington's course towards the Soviet state from the late 1960s to 1979. The research draws on the documents of both chambers of Congress, revealing the content of the debate on the adoption of export regulation laws and reflecting the views on this issue that existed at that time. The digital documents of the US State Department and Presidents R. Nixon and J. Carter are used to reflect their attitude vis-à-vis trade matters. It is shown how the executive and legislative branches interacted when updating the regulatory framework of foreign trade. The conclusion holds that while maintaining the general liberal vector in drafting foreign trade laws, they have always contained control standards for high-tech products export to socialist countries aimed at curbing scientific and technological progress in the USSR. As a result, the economic, scientific and technical foundation of détente in Soviet-American relations remained feeble and proved inadequate for preventing the confrontational recession in the early 1980s.

Perturbative unitarity constraints on generic vector interactions

We study perturbative unitarity constraints on generic interactions between fermion and vector fields, which are allowed to have generic quantum numbers under a ΠiSU(Ni) ⨂ U(1) group. We derive compact expressions for the bounds on the couplings for the cases where the fields transform under the trivial, fundamental or adjoint representation of the various, considering both the case of a complex vector arbitrary interactions with fermionic current and also the case of vectors arising as gauge fields. We apply our results to some specific NP models showing the constraints that can be derived using the tool of perturbative unitarity.

A literature-mining method of integrating text and table extraction for materials science publications

Scientific literature, as an important tool to present research results, contains highly valuable information. Thus, there is an urgent need for mining methods to obtain key information from unstructured literature. However, existing literature mining efforts often ignore non-textual components which contain more detailed key information, such as tables. In this study, we propose a method for information processing to extract and analyze textual and tabular information from the large-scale literature of materials science. First, we propose a SciBERT-Fasttext-BiLSTM-CRF (SFBC) model for Named Entity Recognition (NER) in materials science literature, which combines generic dynamic word vectors (GDWVs) with domain-specific static word vectors (DSWVs). Second, a method is presented to extract material names, units, and compositions from the tables in literature. Compared to other table recognition methods, the method excels at extracting structured material composition information. Furthermore, Gradient Boosting Decision Tree algorithm is used to predict property trends including corrosion resistance, ductility, strength, and hardness on the basis of the material compositions, methods, properties and their changes extracted from texts and tables. The proposed method can be applied to predict material properties. Finally, we use stainless steel as an experiment example to validate our method. From 11,058 scientific papers on stainless steel, 2.36 million material entities and 7,970 material compositions are extracted. The extraction results are filtered and applied to predict four property trends of stainless steel. The method proposed in this paper can improve the accuracy of large-scale data extraction from material science literature, and the results can be used to guide the optimization of material properties and accelerate the pace of data-driven material design.

THE RUSSIAN PARLIAMENTARISM AFTER THE 2020 CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM

The article examines the changes in the system of organization of legislative power in the Russian Federation after the adoption of amendments to the 1993 Constitution in 2020. The author analyzes the main aspects of the constitutional transformation of parliamentarism in Russia, studies changes in the powers of the chambers of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, discussions on the formation of new interpretations of public power and governance. The process of state-building and strengthening of the vertical of power is proceeding progressively, systematically, within the framework of the general vector of stable development of the state, as well as branches of government. Based on the results of the study, the author provides an exhaustive assessment of the main results of the constitutional reform in terms of modernizing the model of Russian parliamentarism carried out by the Russian legislator.

Influence of different soil reflectance schemes on the retrieval of vegetation LAI and FVC from PROSAIL in agriculture region

The PROSAIL model is widely used to retrieve vegetation parameters from remote sensing data in agriculture regions. Soil reflectance is a key input to the PROSAIL model, but its influence on vegetation parameters retrieval accuracy of crops is rarely discussed. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of different soil reflectance schemes on leaf area index (LAI) and fractional vegetation cover (FVC) retrieval accuracy based on the PROSAIL model in an agriculture region. Firstly, three sources of soil reflectance including ICRAF-ISRIC soil spectral library (SR_SSL), general spectral vectors model (SR_GSV), and ASD spectroradiometer measurement (SR_ASD) and two reflectance extraction schemes were used to generate input soil reflectance for the PROSAIL model to simulate canopy reflectance. Then, the LAI and FVC retrieval models were developed using the random forest algorithm and validated using field survey data. Determination coefficient (R2), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and normalized RMSE (NRMSE) were used to evaluate the accuracy of LAI and FVC retrieval. Under the direct extraction scheme, the LAI retrieval based on SR_ASD (R2 = 0.78, RMSE = 0.613, NRMSE = 0.269) achieved better performance than SR_GSV (R2 = 0.73, RMSE = 0.671, NRMSE = 0.294) and SR_SSL (R2 = 0.71, RMSE = 0.762, NRMSE = 0.334), whereas the performances of FVC retrieval were comparable for SR_ASD (R2 = 0.91, RMSE = 0.084, NRMSE = 0.136), SR_GSV (R2 = 0.90, RMSE = 0.086, NRMSE = 0.139) and SR_SSL (R2 = 0.89, RMSE = 0.091, NRMSE = 0.147). The influence of soil reflectance on LAI retrieval is larger than that of FVC in this study. Furthermore, soil reflectance was more important for canopies characterized by low LAI and FVC. In addition, the combination of SR_SSL and multiplication coefficients scheme could be conveniently used for large areas vegetation parameters retrieval. While SR_GSV and SR_ASD with direct extraction scheme was suitable for small areas with field survey data and more homogeneous region.