General Self-efficacy Questionnaire Research Articles

Adopting a virtual learning environment towards enhancing students’ self-efficacy

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the results of a semi-experimental study conducted over a period of two years of five degree programmes using a web-based personal tutoring system to enhance learner engagement and students’ self-efficacy, towards using personal development planning (PDP) e-portfolios.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts a semi-experimental approach using quantitative methods utilising a pre- and post-test design in the form of a general self-efficacy questionnaire inventory.FindingsThe study investigated the extent to which using a virtual learning environment web-based personal tutoring system (VLE WBPTS) can impact positively on the learners’ self-efficacy of the students’ undertaking a degree programme which promotes engagement with PDP e-portfolios.Research limitations/implicationsMore empirical research is required to establish whether PDP and e-portfolios have a positive effect on students’ perceived self-efficacy. Further testing is required to establish whether the VLE WBPTS can have a positive effect on other beneficial elements associated with PDP and e-portfolio usage such as students: learning styles, learner conscientiousness, reflective thinking and effective learner skills.Practical implicationsThe introduction of interventions that involve the utilisation of a VLE WBPTS may have a more significant impact and yield positive results when the period of usage is extended beyond the initial period of six weeks to a minimum period of 12 weeks.Originality/valueThis study was one of few studies to use a pre/post-test design to collect and analyse empirical data about whether a VLE WBPTS can have a positive effect on students’ self-efficacy towards using PDP e-portfolios.

The Relationship Between Research Anxiety and Self-Efficacy.

Aim of the study:The aim of this research was to study of the relationship between research anxiety and self-efficacy from viewpoints of students at the Islamic Azad University (Babol Branch).Methods:The present study is applied research which using a survey and has done by descriptive approach. The study sample included of MA and PhD Students of which 312 were selected Stratified randomness at Islamic Azad University (Babol Branch). The instrument used for data collection, including two standard questionnaires, General Self-Efficacy Questionnaire and research anxiety Inventory. For data analyzing used, Linear regression test and analysis of variance.Findings:Multiple correlation coefficient between the variables is equal to R=0.385, which represents the correlation between variables (self-efficacy and research anxiety). The significance level for research anxiety was calculated less than the error rate is calculated, therefore, it can be considered a good predictor for efficacy. Gender and education variables due to the attention of higher levels of predictive cannot be considered so significant for efficacyConclusion:There is a significant negative relationship between research anxiety and self-efficacy. There is no relationship between demographic characteristics and self-efficiency.

The Relationship between Social Desirability, Responsibility, Self-Efficacy and Communication Skills of Students

<p>The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between social desirability, self-efficacy, and responsibility and communication skills of high school students in Ahvaz city. The sample of this study has been consisted of 360 participants that have been selected by cluster sampling method. This research is a descriptive and correlational study. The tools that have been used in this research are: Social Desirability questionnaire of Crowne and Marlowe (1960), the responsibility questionnaire of Harrison (1999), general self-efficacy questionnaire of Scherer et al. (1982) and communication skills questionnaire of Harjy and Marshall (1986). The data has been analyzed by using the statistical methods of Pearson correlation and multiple regressions. The results have shown that there is a positive relationship between social desirability, self-efficacy, responsibility and communication skills of students. The results of multiple regression analysis have shown that social desirability and responsibility and self-efficacy are respectively the best predictors of communication skills.</p>

Relationship between the Religious Attitude, Self-Efficacy, and Life Satisfaction in High school Teachers of Mahshahr City

<p class="apa">This study aims to investigate the relationship between the religious attitude, self-efficacy, and life satisfaction in high school teachers of Mahshahr City. To this end, 253 people of all high school teachers in Mahshahr City, in Iran were selected as the sample using the multistage cluster sampling method. For data collection, Glock and Stark’s (1965) religious attitude questionnaires, Schwartz and Jerusalem’s general self-efficacy questionnaire and Diener et al.’s (1985) life satisfaction questionnaire were used. For data analysis, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used. Results showed that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between the religious attitude and life satisfaction. In addition, there is a meaningful relationship between the religious attitude and self-efficacy. Results also showed that religious attitude and self-efficacy can predict the life satisfaction.</p>

Self-efficacy, disability level and physical strength in the injured workers: findings from a major factory disaster in Bangladesh

Introduction: In 24 April 2013, Rana Plaza – a high-rise building in Bangladesh where garments were being made for the Western markets collapsed. In this study, we report on the surviving workers’ physical strength, self-efficacy, and disability level one year after the disaster. Methods: This cross-sectional study took place at the Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralysed (CRP) which provided care for more than 600 victims. For this study, upper extremity strength among the survivors was assessed by dynamometer hand grip (HG) and lower extremity strength by five time sit to stand test (FTSST). The WHODAS tool measured level of disability and General Self-Efficacy questionnaire measured self-efficacy. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) prevalence was determined by the PCL-scale. Results: The study recruited 181 injured workers. The mean disability score among them was 49.8 (SD 17.5) and mean self-efficacy score was 24.9 (SD 6.9). In multivariate models, after adjusting for age, gender, education, injury profile, employment, marital status and job category, self-efficacy was found to be higher among those who scored above median HG test score [β= −2.32 (95% CI: −4.63, −0.01)] and FTSST performance score [β= −2.69 (95% CI: −4.93, −0.46)]. The disability level was found to be significantly associated with PTSD score [β = 0.84 (95% CI: 0.62, 1.06)] and self-efficacy score [β= −0.45 (95% CI: −0.78, −0.13)]. Conclusions: There is an immense need to develop and deliver effective post-injury recovery, rehabilitation and return-to-work programs for injured workers in resource poor countries.Implications for RehabilitationThe study findings suggest that one year after the factory disaster in Bangladesh, the injured workers are suffering from a high degree of disability, low physical performance and reporting low self-efficacy. The national and international stakeholders including Western buyers, aid agencies, NGOs, worker advocacy groups, consumer associations and the government of Bangladesh can be updated on the progress made so far.There is an immense need to develop and deliver effective post-injury recovery, rehabilitation and return-to-work programs for injured workers in resource poor countries. International organizations like ILO, WHO, World Bank can help developing countries in building these capacities.

Effects of Home-Care Training on the Self-Efficacy of Patients with Beta Thalassemia Major

Background:The self-efficacy of thalassemia patients is an important factor in creating behavioral changes in such patients. Home-care training reduces hospitalization duration as well as relevant costs and improves disease outcomes. This study was designed to assess the effect of home-care training on the self-efficacy of patients with beta thalassemia major.Methodology:This was a quasi-experimental, case-control, before and after intervention study conducted on 136 thalassemia cases from January 2014 to October 2015. Data was collected through Shere general self-efficacy questionnaire (SGSES). Home-care trainings were provided in the form of training courses with respect to the training needs of thalassemia major cases. Two (2) months after the end of training courses, SGSES questionnaire was filled again and the obtained data was analyzed by SPSS 21 as well as descriptive-inferential statistics (significance level=P≤0.05).Results:The results of this study revealed that the mean self-efficacy score of control group was 48.69±6.82 before intervention which increased to 46.69±6.81 after intervention. The mean self-efficacy score of case group was 44.58±5.23 before intervention which increased to 49.5±6.66 after intervention. The rise of self-efficacy score, after intervention, was significantly higher in the case group compared with the control group (P≤.001).Conclusion:According to results, home-care training can develop self-efficacy in thalassemia patients. In home-care training procedure patients play an active role. By providing home-care trainings, therefore, an effective step should be taken to promote the self-efficacy of the patients and to decrease associated problems.

Self-efficacy and Prediction of Note-taking Inclination among Undergraduate Translation Students

Self-efficacy is the self-perceived ability of an individual in performing the tasks assigned to him/her. Self-efficacy and its implications have been widely studied in the field of language teaching and learning. Yet, few studies have explored the relationship between self-efficacy and various aspects of interpreting ability. This article aims at investigating the role of self-efficacy in predicting the note-taking inclination of undergraduate translation students. In this regard, a total number of 53 junior and senior undergraduate translation students at the University of Zabol completed the Schwarzer’s General Self-efficacy Questionnaire, and took the note-taking ability test in which test-takers were supposed to listen to VOA Special News tracks (five 30-45 second audio tracks at lower-intermediate level of difficulty) and take notes. Prior to administration, test takers received a brief instruction of seven main note-taking skills, based on the guidelines proposed by Mazzei (noting the idea, abbreviation, links, negation, emphasis, verticality, and shift). Finally, the students’ notes were scored by two raters at a 0-35 point basis, according to the Mazzei’s note-taking skills; and a high inter-rater reliability was achieved. The obtained Pearson results revealed a significant positive relationship between the self-efficacy of the test-takers and their note-taking inclination. Our findings imply that learners’ self-efficacy should be more considered in interpreter training programs at B.A. level.

CHILDREN AGED 12-15 WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE: TRANSITION TO ADULT HEALTH CARE READINESS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS

CHILDREN AGED 12-15 WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE: TRANSITION TO ADULT HEALTH CARE READINESS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS

Explanatory and Confirmatory Factors Analysis of Social Well-being Questionnaire

Introduction: The purpose of present study was to investigate social well-being Questionnaire psychometric properties among university students. Method: To achieve the aim of investigation, undergraduate students among Tabriz University (n=391; 131 male and 260 Female; age Mean= 21.32, SD= 3.12 and 22.42, SD= 2.86 respectively) and Islamic Azad University of Tabriz (n=384; 171 male and 212 Female; age Mean= 21.62, SD= 3.75 and 20.80, SD= 1.49 respectively) were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling and filled Keyes Social Well-being Questionnaire, Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness, General Self-efficacy Questionnaire, SCL-90 interpersonal subscale and DASS-42. Results: Explanatory factor analysis showed four factor structure of this questionnaire which could explain 59.70 percent of total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis χ2/df, GFI, AGFI, CFI, AIC and RMSEA indices suggest that five-factor model fit data little more than four-factor model. Also the finding showed social well-being dimensions were positively correlated with happiness and self-efficacy and negatively with difficulties in interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety and stress. Finally result showed factors Chronbach alpha vary between 0.41 and 0.63 and it was 0.81 for total questionnaire items. Conclusion: Findings corroborate five-factor model of social-well being suggested by Keyes, which imply construct validity of this instrument. Also finding suggest that the social well-being questionnaire has convergent validity and its reliability is good for total but not for factors.

Autoeficacia académica, autorregulación del aprendizaje y rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios iniciales

The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between academic self-efficacy, self-regulated learning and academic performance of first-year university students in the Metropolitan Lima area. An assessment was made of 284 students (138 male and 146 female students) admitted to a private university of Lima for the 2013-2 term by using a non-probability and incidental procedure and the General Academic Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, the University Academic Self-Regulated Learning Questionnaire; and for the academic performance of every student, their registered weighted GPA was taken into account. Formulated hypothesis was accepted as correlation coefficients resulting from academic selfefficacy; self-regulated learning and academic performance were both positive and significant, but low. In addition, the correlation between academic selfefficacy and self-regulated learning were positive, significant and moderate.

Self-efficacy after life skills training: a case-control study.

Nursing students' self-efficacy is a predictor for their educational progress. Students, who believe that they can be successful in their studies, are more confident. Therefore, many universities have focused on life skills training programs to improve the mental health of their students. This study was conducted to evaluate and compare self-efficacy in two groups of nursing students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). One group of students was trained on life skill programs, and the second group was not trained on the issue. A case-control study was conducted on two groups of nursing students in TUMS in the late 2012. The case group (n = 112) had passed life skills training course, and the control group (n = 139) was not trained on the issue. Data was collected using a questionnaire containing 12 questions about demographic features, and the Sherer's general self-efficacy questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using independent sample t-test, Chi-square, odds ratio, and Fisher's exact test. In the untrained and trained groups, 23% and 8% of the students had very high self-efficacy, respectively. The overall mean scores of self-efficacy were 41.99 ± 9.31 and 38.99 ± 10.48 in the trained and untrained groups, respectively (P = 0.015), and the higher mean score indicates lower level of self-efficacy. A significant difference was also found between the self-efficacy and family income (P = 0.029). The present study showed that life skills training program did not affect self-efficacy of nursing students. Perhaps, the methods used in education were influencing and then, more effective techniques such as role-play and group discussion should be substituted in life skills training.

On Latent Growth Models for Composites and Their Constituents

Over the last decade and a half, latent growth modeling has become an extremely popular and versatile technique for evaluating longitudinal change and its determinants. Most common among the models applied are those for a single measured variable over time. This model has been extended in a variety of ways, most relevant for the current work being the multidomain and the second-order latent growth models. Whereas the former allows for growth function characteristics to be modeled for multiple outcomes simultaneously, with the degree of growth characteristics' relations assessed within the model (e.g., cross-domain slope factor correlations), the latter models growth in latent outcomes, each of which has effect indicators repeated over time. But what if one has an outcome that is believed to be formative relative to its indicator variables rather than latent? In this case, where the outcome is a composite of multiple constituents, modeling change over time is less straightforward. This article provides analytical and applied details for simultaneously modeling growth in composites and their constituent elements, including a real data example using a general computer self-efficacy questionnaire.

Understanding the relationship between nutritional knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-concept of high-school students suffering from overweight

Background and Aim:Adolescents’ overweight problems have been paid much attention due to their significant increase in recent decades in developed countries. Poor eating patterns subsequently affect their self-efficacy and self-concept. Therefore, paying attention to the nutritional knowledge of overweight students in this period is essential. This study examines the relationship between self-efficacy, self-concept, and nutritional knowledge of overweight students in the city of Isfahan.Materials and Methods:The 140 overweight students who participated in this descriptive, analytical study with were randomly selected from one of five areas of Isfahan city in the year 2011-2012. Questionnaires for data collection in this study included demographic form, nutrition knowledge, Cooper Smith self-esteem, and general self-efficacy questionnaire. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, regression, and Pearson's correlation coefficient with statistical package in social sciences version 18.Results:There was a significant correlation between whole nutritional knowledge and self-efficacy (r = 0.29, P > 0.001) and self-concept (r = 0.26, P = 0.002). There was a significant correlation between self-efficacy and self-concept (r = 0.3, P = 0.001). Furthermore, in the selection of food section there was no significant correlation with the self-concept (r = 0.147, P = 0.083). Regression analysis between self-concept, self-efficacy, family dimension, father's education, mother's education, father's occupation, mother's occupationa and income with nutrition knowledge showed that these eight variables explain 17.7% of the variance in health behaviors totally.Conclusion:By conducting this study, and revealing the direct relationship between nutritional knowledge, self-concept, and self-efficacy, we could conclude that if nutritional knowledge of overweight students is promoted, this factor would lead to an increase their self-concept and self-efficacy in order to adopt healthy behaviors and have the expected healthy eating and healthy life-style.

Relationship between factors as sensation seeking, general self-efficacy and deviant peers with refusal skills among middle school students

To explore the relationship of sensation seeking, self-efficacy, deviant peers and refusal skills related to strategy on drugs among middle school students. A total of 502 students from two high schools and two vocational schools in Baise city were recruited with age distribution between 14 and 20 years. The study objects were asked to fill the sensation seeking scale, the general self-efficacy scale questionnaire on drug refusal strategies and behavior among peers. (1) Adolescents were more likely to use the Refuse (78.29%) and Leave strategy (77.89%) for initial drug offers and follow-up drug offers; (2) The general self-efficacy was negatively associated with the Explain and Leave strategies for initial drug offers and Explain strategy for follow-up drug offers. Sensation seeking was negatively related to the strategies on Explain and Leave for initial drug offers and follow-up drug offers. Peer influence was positively associated with both Refuse and Leave strategies for initial drug offers and follow-up drug offers; (3) from the logistic regression analysis showed that self-efficacy and sensation seeking were significant variables that could predict the results from the use of Explain strategy (β = -0.055 and -0.029) for both initial drug refusals and follow-up drug refusals and the use of Leave strategy (β = -0.057 and -0.041) for initial drug refusals. There were significant effects of sensation seeking and self-efficacy in predicting Explain or Leave strategies for drug refusals among middle students.

Assessing stress in surgery: using validated tools to improve patient safety

It is becoming increasingly apparent that the technical proficiency of a surgeon is only one of many factors that influence surgical outcomes. Boyle et al. [1] have highlighted what has been termed a ‘systems approach’ which acknowledges the contribution of non-technical skills, such as stress-coping ability, to safe surgical practice. Unlike many other high-risk industries, such as aviation and the military, there is currently no stress/crisis management training to safeguard surgeons against the detrimental effects of excessive stress [2]. It is, therefore, important to address this issue through the use of consistent measures to identify and assess the stress during surgery. Interestingly, through the use of a general self-efficacy (GSE) questionnaire, Boyle et al. [1] found a lack of correlation between trainees’ GSE scores and surgical performance on laparoscopic and bench model-type stations. Whilst this demonstrates the inherent difficulty in measuring non-technical skills, it also emphasises the need for a reliable and accurate tool for assessing the overall effect of stress on surgical performance. Arora et al. [3] have recently proposed the imperial stress assessment tool (ISAT) which is a three-component stress measure consisting of salivary cortisol, heart rate and self-reported stress levels. It was demonstrated that both objective markers correlated well with self-reported stress, with high specificity and sensitivity. Notably, ISAT measures stress not only before, but also during the operative procedure. This overcomes the limitations inherent in self-reporting questionnaires which rely heavily upon the student’s ability to reliably assess their own stress levels prior to the surgery. Importantly, the ISAT is a non-intrusive method, taking no more than 10 min of the surgeon’s time. This is integral to the implementation of such a measure, as it renders it feasible for use within the busy operating theatre setting. Its practicality and validity make ISAT a good tool for assessing stress in surgery, allowing for detailed feedback to be given to surgeons, and facilitating targeted training in stress management. Not only will further factual evidence encourage the surgical community to acknowledge stress as a relevant issue, but it will also help formulate simulation-based training programs that closely mimic real-life experiences. The use of ISAT alongside validated measures of other non-technical (e.g. decision-making and leadership) and technical skills will be fundamental to the application of a ‘systems approach’ to such programs. The adoption of a holistic strategy to improving the skills required during surgery will enhance the surgical performance and ultimately lead to improved patient care.

Comparing the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and movie therapy on improving abstinence self-efficacy in Iranian substance dependent adolescents

45 self-referred adolescent addicts completed the General Self–Efficacy Questionnaire (GSE), and Adolescent Self–Efficacy Scale (ASES) at pre-, post-, and one-month follow up. The two experimental groups received twice a week interventions for 8 weeks and a control group was in waiting list. Mixed ANOVA revealed the effectiveness of the two methods of intervention on GSE and ASE, however significant differences on improving ASE and GSE between movie therapy (MT) and CBT at posttest and one-month follow up were found. Results are discussed in terms of how MT can be used as an effective and long lasting technique among addicted adolescent.

Burnout, coping and job satisfaction in service staff treating opioid addicts—from Athens to Zurich

AbstractThe Treatment‐systems Research on European Addiction Treatment study (TREAT‐project) is a longitudinal multicenter study on predominantly opioid‐dependent patients and their health‐care system in six European cities. As part of the examination of the drug services, this study evaluates level of burnout, coping strategies, perceived self‐efficacy and job satisfaction among health‐care workers treating opioid addicts. Employees were recruited from organizations in Athens, London, Padua, Stockholm, Zurich and Essen. The Maslach burnout inventory, Brief COPE, general self‐efficacy questionnaire and a job satisfaction scale were filled in by about 383 drug service workers. One‐third of the staff suffer from severe burnout. London and Stockholm colleagues are significantly more burdened than Zurich personnel where job satisfaction is highest. No cross‐national differences could be detected concerning coping styles or level of perceived self‐efficacy. Burnout is positively correlated to passive coping strategies and negatively linked to self‐efficacy and job satisfaction. Males experience more depersonalization. Organizational features such as the entry‐threshold level of the institution or out‐ vs. inpatient setting are relevant for coping strategies and job satisfaction. These and other findings are discussed in relation to preliminary data from the TREAT‐project on characteristics of opioid addicted patients and other specific features of the drug treatment system. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Relationship between illness representation and self‐efficacy

This paper reports a patient survey exploring the possible relationship between illness perception and self-efficacy following a cardiac event, and the implications this could have for nursing practice. Cardiac rehabilitation guidelines endorse the need to improve psychological care; suggesting that individualized support will improve the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation. Surveys, however, continue to identify that psychosocial factors are poorly assessed. Illness representation and self-efficacy are two prominent research approaches that have been developed as separate foci for the treatment of patients. A cross-sectional survey with patients diagnosed with either myocardial infarction or angina over an 8-month period in two hospitals. The Illness Perception Questionnaire, General Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, Cardiac Diet Self-efficacy Instrument and Cardiac Exercise Self-efficacy Instrument were used, alongside two specifically-designed scales: the Diet Outcome Expectation and Exercise Outcome Expectation Scales. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between illness perception and self-efficacy. The greater patients' perceived consequences of the heart condition, the lower was the general self-efficacy available to cope with the condition. Further, the longer the perceived time the condition will affect the patient, the higher the specific self-efficacy to maintain a change of diet or exercise regime. The findings identify that, in the initial phase of recovery, nursing practice needs to focus on the key variables of "consequence" and "timeline" in order to increase patients' confidence in their ability to cope (self-efficacy).