General Public Health Research Articles

Role of non-pharmacological interventions for healthy ageing.

The range of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) available for people over 60 years of age is continuously expanding, both in terms of prevention and therapy. They have been empirically selected for centuries and more recently developed through epigenetic studies, clinical trials and technological innovations, and their development has increased and diversified around the world. Residual questions concern: 1) the scope of such treatments which appears to overlap with alternative medicines, 2) their evaluation, which some researchers say is impossible, and 3) their implementation in the elderly, which appears to be overly complicated. This article addresses these three questions and presents digital tools developed by the CEPS University Platform facilitating the evaluation of NPIs in the field of healthy aging. The transformation of the health system, which has become necessary to meet the needs of baby boomers, will widen the arsenal of health-related solutions. The combination of approaches to medicine and health has become personalised, comprehensive and integrative. NPIs will play a major role in the coming century. These practices differ from alternative medicines, general public health messages and socio-cultural approaches through continuous research, a quality approach and traceability of use. NPIs today constitute a complementary ecosystem for biomedical treatments which are increasingly becoming economically and legally consolidated.

Spatiotemporal monitoring of changes in oxy/deoxy-hemoglobin concentration and blood pulsation on human skin using smartphone-enabled remote multispectral photoplethysmography.

We propose a smartphone-enabled remote multispectral photoplethysmography (SP-rmPPG) system and method to realize spatiotemporal monitoring of perfusion changes and pulsations of the oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) information of the effective blood volume within light interrogated skin tissue beds. The system is implemented on an unmodified smartphone utilizing its built-in camera and flashlight to acquire videos of the skin reflectance. The SP-rmPPG method converts the RGB video into multispectral cubes, upon which to decouple the dynamic changes in HbO2 and Hb information using a modified Beer-Lambert law and the selective wavelength bands of 500 nm and 650 nm. Blood pulsation amplitudes are then obtained by applying a window-based lock-in amplification on the derived spatiotemporal changes in HbO2 or Hb signals. To demonstrate the feasibility of proposed method, we conduct two experiments on the skin tissue beds that are conditioned by occlusive maneuver of supplying arteries: one using the popular blood cuff pressure maneuver on the upper arm, and another artificially inducing a transient ischemic condition on the facial skin tissue beds by finger pressing on the supplying external carotid artery. The cuff experiment shows that the measured dynamic information of HbO2 and Hb in the downstream agrees well with the parallel measurements of oxygenation saturation given by the standard pulse oximeter. We also observe the expected imbalance of spatiotemporal changes in the HbO2 and Hb between the right and left cheeks when the transient ischemic condition is induced in the one side of facial skin tissue beds. The results from the two experiments sufficiently demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method to monitor the spatiotemporal changes in the skin hemodynamics, including blood oxygenation and pulsation amplitudes. Considering the ever-growing accessibility and affordability of the smartphone to the general public, the proposed strategy promises the early screening of vascular diseases and improving general public health particularly in rural areas with low resource settings.

Epidemiology Surveillance and Capacity Improvement: A Characterization of Texas, 2017.

In response to increasing caseloads of foodborne illnesses and high consequence infectious disease investigations, the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) requested funding from the Texas Legislature in 2013 and 2015 for a new state-funded epidemiologist (SFE) program. Primary cross-sectional survey data were collected from 32 of 40 local health departments (LHDs) via an online instrument and analyzed to quantify roles, responsibilities, and training of epidemiologists in Texas in 2017 and compared to similar state health department assessments. Sixty-six percent of SFEs had epidemiology-specific training (eg, master's in public health) compared to 45% in state health department estimates. For LHDs included in this study, the mean number of epidemiologists per 100 000 was 0.73 in medium LHDs and 0.46 in large LHDs. SFE positions make up approximately 40% of the LHD epidemiology workforce of all sizes and 56% of medium-sized LHD epidemiology staff in Texas specifically. Through this program, DSHS increased epidemiology capacity almost twofold from 0.28 to 0.47 epidemiologists per 100 000 people. These findings suggest that capacity funding programs like this improve epidemiology capacity in local jurisdictions and should be considered in other regions to improve general public health preparedness and epidemiology capacity.

Twitter-based analysis reveals differential COVID-19 concerns across areas with socioeconomic disparities

ObjectiveWe sought to understand spatial-temporal factors and socioeconomic disparities that shaped U.S. residents’ response to COVID-19 as it emerged. MethodsWe mined coronavirus-related tweets from January 23rd to March 25th, 2020. We classified tweets by the socioeconomic status of the county from which they originated with the Area Deprivation Index (ADI). We applied topic modeling to identify and monitor topics of concern over time. We investigated how topics varied by ADI and between hotspots and non-hotspots. ResultsWe identified 45 topics in 269,556 unique tweets. Topics shifted from early-outbreak-related content in January, to the presidential election and governmental response in February, to lifestyle impacts in March. High-resourced areas (low ADI) were concerned with stocks and social distancing, while under-resourced areas shared negative expression and discussion of the CARES Act relief package. These differences were consistent within hotspots, with increased discussion regarding employment in high ADI hotspots. DiscussionTopic modeling captures major concerns on Twitter in the early months of COVID-19. Our study extends previous Twitter-based research as it assesses how topics differ based on a marker of socioeconomic status. Comparisons between low and high-resourced areas indicate more focus on personal economic hardship in less-resourced communities and less focus on general public health messaging. ConclusionReal-time social media analysis of community-based pandemic responses can uncover differential conversations correlating to local impact and income, education, and housing disparities. In future public health crises, such insights can inform messaging campaigns, which should partly focus on the interests of those most disproportionately impacted.

Food Neophobia and Consumer Choices within Vietnamese Menu in a Polish Cohort Study.

One of the factors influencing consumer food choices is food neophobia (FN), described as a reluctance to try novel or unknown food products. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of FN on food choices in young Polish respondents through a web-based choice experiment with Vietnamese restaurant menu. The choice experiment was conducted using a Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) method in a sample of 601 young adults, while using a developed Vietnamese restaurant menu. For the dishes, neophobic potential for a Polish population was defined, based on content of ingredients not typical for Polish diet. The FN was assessed using the Food Neophobia Scale (FNS) by Pliner and Hobden. The neophobic potential was the determinant of choice of dishes (p < 0.05). The participants characterized by a high FN level less commonly than others chosen dishes characterized by neophobic potential as: starter (Nem quõn—non-fried spring rolls with shrimps) (p = 0.0003), soup (Mién gà—soup with cellophane noodles and nam huong mushrooms) (p < 0.0001), main course (Phở xào bò—rice noodles with soy sauce and fish sauce) (p < 0.0001) and dessert (Chè thập cãm—dessert of golden gram, black eye beans, Azuki beans and tapioca) than other options (p = 0.0007). It was stated that FN in young respondents may reduce the frequency of choosing dishes containing unfamiliar ingredients and, as a result, it may cause lower diversity of consumed dishes. Taking into account that not properly balanced diets resulting from rejecting some types of products are becoming a growing problem, the FN should be taken into account in the general public health policy.

SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence and Symptom Onset in Culturally Linked Orthodox Jewish Communities Across Multiple Regions in the United States

Data on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence in the United States are still emerging. To elucidate SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and symptom onset in a culturally linked community across 5 states in the United States. This cross-sectional study included adults (aged ≥18 years) recruited from the orthodox Jewish community across 5 states (California, Connecticut, Michigan, New Jersey, and New York) in 3 geographically distinct areas of the United States between May 13 and July 6, 2020. Participants completed an online survey and underwent SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing. Seroprevalence and date of symptom onset of SARS-CoV-2. Overall, 9507 adults (mean [SD] age, 39.6 [15.0] years; 3777 [39.7%] women) completed the SARS-CoV-2 survey, of whom 6665 (70.1%) had immunoglobin G anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels assessed. A high seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was observed across all communities, with the highest proportion of positive testing observed in New Jersey (1080 of 3323 [32.5%]) and New York (671 of 2196 [30.6%]). Most individuals with a positive SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobin G antibody test reported a date of symptom-onset between March 9 and March 31, 2020 (California: 135 of 154 [87.7%]; Connecticut: 32 of 34 [94.1%]; Michigan: 44 of 50 [88.0%]; New Jersey: 964 of 1168 [82.5%]; New York: 571 of 677 [84.3%]). This start date was coincident with the Jewish festival of Purim, celebrated March 9 to 10, 2020, with extensive intracommunity spread in the weeks following (mean and mode of peak symptom onset, March 20, 2020), occurring in the absence of strong general and culture-specific public health directives. This cross-sectional study of orthodox Jewish adults across the US found that socioculturally bound communities experienced early parallel outbreaks in discrete locations, notably prior to substantive medical and governmental directives. Further research should clarify optimal national, local, community-based, and government policies to prevent outbreaks in social and cultural communities that traditionally gather for holidays, assemblies, and festivals.

Demographic, psychological, and environmental factors affecting student's health during the COVID-19 pandemic: on the rocks.

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is spreading exponentially, increasing fear, depression, and other mental health disorders in the general public. Pakistan’s economy is suffered mainly by the novel coronavirus. The massive healthcare expenditures bring inadequacy to manage COVID-19. The study explored the effects of coronavirus fear among the students who remain in their homes due to educational institutions’ closure. The study results show that female students mostly fear the coronavirus pandemic compared to their male counterparts that negatively impact their health. The “age” of the students and “household size” positively impact students’ health, while the student’s existing “healthcare profile” is not competitive enough to escape from the deadly coronavirus. The “knowledge” for the coronavirus pandemic and its prevention guidelines is the only solution to contain coronavirus. Simultaneously, “ignorance” is the foremost factor that could be more dangerous to spread coronavirus among the students; besides the COVID-19 pandemic, students and general public health mainly suffered from environmental pollution. The current epidemic also exacerbated environmental concerns among students isolated in their homes, and their outdoor activities are primarily limited. Hence, the student’s quality of life is exposed mainly to environmental pollution over time. The “healthcare expenditures” and “government support” both are not competitive enough to control novel coronavirus. Thus, it required more sustainable strategic policies and national unity to controlled coronavirus with firm conviction and provincial synchronization.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-021-12991-x.

Development of severe psychological distress among low-income individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal study.

It has been indicated that the health impact of COVID-19 is potentially greater in individuals from lower socioeconomic status than in the overall population. To examine how the spread of COVID-19 has altered the general public's mental health, and whether such changes differ in relation to individual income. An online longitudinal survey was conducted at three different time periods during the pandemic. We recruited 1993 people aged 20-70 years, living in the Tokyo metropolitan area in Japan. Participants' mental health was measured with the six-item version of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale; the existence of severe psychological distress was ascertained through the cut-off data. Multiple logistic and mixed-model ordinal logistic regression analyses were performed, with income as the independent variable. Of the participants, 985 were male, with a mean age of 50.5 (±15.8) years. Severe psychological distress percentages for each tested period were 9.3%, 11.2% and 10.7% for phases 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Between phases 1 and 2 or phases 2 and 3, the group that earned <£15 000 had significantly higher propensity to develop severe psychological distress than the group that earned ≥£45 000 (odds ratio 2.09, 95% CI 0.95-4.56 between phases 1 and 2; odds ratio 3.00, 95% CI 1.01-9.58 between phases 2 and 3). Although there has been significant deterioration in mental health among citizens during the COVID-19 pandemic, this was more significant among those with lower income. Therefore, mental health measures that focus on low socioeconomic groups may be necessary.

Have you HIRD? A mnemonic device for fixed prosthodontic impression-making.

Journal of Dental EducationVolume 85, Issue S3 p. 2005-2006 ADVANCING THROUGH INNOVATION Have you HIRD? A mnemonic device for fixed prosthodontic impression-making Vinu T. Sista DDS, Corresponding Author Vinu T. Sista DDS [email protected] Department of General Practice and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA Correspondence Vinu T. Sista, DDS, Department of General Practice and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77479, USA. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorSophia G. Saeed DMD, Sophia G. Saeed DMD Department of General Practice and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USASearch for more papers by this author Vinu T. Sista DDS, Corresponding Author Vinu T. Sista DDS [email protected] Department of General Practice and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA Correspondence Vinu T. Sista, DDS, Department of General Practice and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77479, USA. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorSophia G. Saeed DMD, Sophia G. Saeed DMD Department of General Practice and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry at Houston, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 09 February 2021 https://doi.org/10.1002/jdd.12556Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume85, IssueS3Supplement: Advancing Through InnovationDecember 2021Pages 2005-2006 This article also appears in:Advancing Through Innovation in a Challenging Time RelatedInformation

Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Care Service Availability and Delivery in Public Health Facilities of Plateau State Nigeria.

To assess the availability, accessibility, appropriateness and quality of adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) services in primary health care (PHC) facilities in Plateau State, Nigeria, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 230 PHC facilities across the three senatorial zones of Plateau state. Primary data were obtained through face-to-face interviews with heads of facilities from December 2018 to May 2019. An adapted questionnaire from the World Health Organization (WHO) was used, covering five domains, to ascertain the extent that ASRH services were available and provided. Very few PHC facilities in the state had space (1.3%) and equipment (12.2%) for ASRH services. The proportion of PHC facilities offering counselling on sexuality was 11.3%, counselling on safe sex was 17%, counselling on contraception was 11.3% and management of gender-based violence was 3%. Most facilities were not operating at convenient times for adolescents. Only 2.6% PHC facilities had posters targeted at ASRH and just 7% of the PHCs had staff trained on ASRH. These findings underscore that the majority of PHC facilities surveyed in Plateau State, Nigeria, lacked dedicated space, basic equipment, and essential sexual and reproductive health care services for ASRH, which in turn negatively affect general public health and specifically, maternal health indices in Nigeria. Structural changes, including implementation of policy and adequate additional training of healthcare workers, are necessary to effectively promote ASRH.

Why medical journalism wins public health journalism: systems thinking recommendations for health-promoting media

PurposeHealth-related issues are widely covered in news agencies by medical and health journalists. The quantity, format and quality of their coverage influence the general public as well as policymakers and professions. Current studies and observations suggest that news agencies are more dominated by medical topics (disease, symptoms, epidemiology, treatment and medicines) than general public health issues (risk prevention, health protection, education and promotion). This study explores the causes of the current situation in Iran and generates solutions for supporting health-promoting media that may also prove beneficial for other countries.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative study was conducted to explore the coverage of health-related topics in selected news agencies. Stakeholders, including health journalists, health professionals and public relations staff at the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education were interviewed. Data were collected until data saturation was reached. The transcripts of all the 17 interviews conducted were analyzed using conventional content analysis.FindingsFour groups of causes were identified, including individual factors, organizational factors, socioeconomic factors and the different nature of medicine and public health. The participants proposed several solutions that were classified into three categories, including the empowerment of stakeholders through capacity development, organizational change and mutual communication and culture change.Originality/valueCreating health-promoting media is a complex but urgent task, and providing a comprehensive and deep understanding of the dynamic interdependencies of the multiple factors at play in it and developing and implementing the most effective interventions for it requires a systematic approach.

The common European mosquitoes Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus are unable to transmit SARS-CoV-2 after a natural-mimicking challenge with infected blood

BackgroundOn 11 March 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak to be a pandemic. As the mosquito season progressed, the understandable concern that mosquitoes could transmit the virus began to increase among the general public and public health organisations. We have investigated the vector competence of Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus, the two most common species of vector mosquitoes in Europe, for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Due to the very unusual feeding behaviour of Ae. albopictus, we also evaluated the role of this mosquito in a potential mechanical transmission of the virus.MethodsFor the vector competence study, mosquitoes were allowed to take several infectious blood meals. The mosquitoes were then collected and analysed at 0, 3, 7 and 10 days post-feeding. For the mechanical transmission test, Ae. albopictus females were allowed to feed for a short time on a feeder containing infectious blood and then on a feeder containing virus-free blood. Both mosquitoes and blood were tested for viral presence.ResultsCulex pipiens and Ae. albopictus were found not be competent vectors for SARS-CoV-2, and Ae. albopictus was unable to mechanically transmit the virus.ConclusionsThis is the first study to show that the most common species of vector mosquitoes in Europe do not transmit SARS-CoV-2 and that Ae. albopictus is unable to mechanically transmit the virus from a positive host to a healthy host through host-feeding.Graphical

Radioactivation analysis of 14 MeV neutron generator facility

Institute for Plasma Research (IPR) is establishing an intense neutron generator facility. It is an accelerator-based 14 MeV neutron generator that produces 1012 neutrons per second. The neutron generator facility has various components that are made of different kinds of materials. It gets radio-activated due to the direct interaction of neutrons and secondary radiations. The radio activation of components has short term and long term effects in neutron generator operation and maintenance. The facility is built with concrete shielding. It will be operated at atmospheric pressure. The concrete walls and air in the hall also face neutron irradiation, which needs to be estimated for precautionary safety measures during maintenance. Long term operation of neutron generator can also affect the ground soil. The production of tritium in the soil can also become an issue for the general public health and can create a safety concern. Therefore, the simulation has been carried out to estimate the radio-activation of the neutron generator facility, which may impact neutron generator operation and maintenance. The estimation will also provide the level of radioactive waste generated due to the long term operation of the neutron generator. The operational licensing of the neutron generator is also required the estimation of radionuclide and dose rates after irradiation. The present work contains the neutron activation of neutron generators components that are present in the hall. The analysis is conducted for air activation, soil activation, concrete wall activation, and doors activation. The generation of ozone due to radiation interaction with air is also estimated to avoid ozone hazards during the maintenance. The simulation has been carried out using the Monte Carlo radiation transport tool and radionuclide inventory estimation tool FISPACT. Estimated results are compared with the regulatory limits. The analyses conclude that the facility is safe for long term operation.

Is Neck Posture Subgroup in Late Adolescence a Risk Factor for Persistent Neck Pain in Young Adults? A Prospective Study.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether sagittal neck sitting posture subgroup membership in late adolescence was a risk factor for persistent neck pain (PNP) in young adults. There were 686 participants enrolled in the Raine Study at the 17- and 22-year follow-ups. At 17years of age, posture was measured by photographs, and 4 subgroups of sitting neck posture were determined by cluster analysis. Height and weight were measured, and exercise frequency, depression, and PNP were assessed by questionnaire. At 22years of age, participants answered questions about neck pain and occupation type. Logistic regression examined if neck posture subgroups at 17years of age were a risk factor for PNP at 22years of age, taking into account other factors. Female sex (odds ratio [OR]=1.75, 95% CI=1.16-2.65) and PNP at 17years of age (OR=3.78, 95% CI=2.57-5.57) were associated with PNP at 22years of age. In females, neck posture subgroup at 17years of age was a risk factor for PNP at 22years of age. Compared with the upright subgroup, both the slumped thorax/forward head subgroup groups and the intermediate subgroup had decreased odds for PNP at 22years of age (OR=0.24, 95% CI=0.08-0.76; OR=0.38, 95% CI=0.15-0.99, respectively). No association was found in males. After taking into account PNP at 17 years, sitting neck posture at 17 was not a risk factor for PNP at 22years of age in males, whereas in females, more relaxed postures (slumped thorax/forward head and Intermediate postures) were protective of neck pain compared with upright posture. Females in late adolescence who sat in slumped thorax/forward head or intermediate posture rather than upright sitting posture had a lower risk of PNP as a young adult. The practice of generic public health messages to sit up straight to prevent neck pain needs rethinking.

Seasonal influenza during pregnancy

Seasonal Influenza is an acute respiratory illness caused by Influenza A or B viruses. Its presentation is commonly with signs and symptoms of upper respiratory tract involvement such as cough, sore throat and runny nose, associated with generalized systemic symptoms such as fever, headaches, myalgia, and weakness. The severity of symptoms is very variable, ranging from mild self-limiting infection to severe acute respiratory illness requiring intensive interventions. It usually occurs during the winter season and can lead to outbreaks and epidemics worldwide. Influenza is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in high-risk populations including pregnant women and up to two weeks postpartum. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of Influenza is necessary for prompt treatment to reduce morbidity. General public health measures and vaccination are recommended to reduce morbidity and control the spread of the disease. There are many published articles on the several Influenza epidemics that have occurred in this century. In this article, we aim to review the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of seasonal Influenza during pregnancy. We performed an electronic search on PubMed, Cochrane database, National guidelines clearing house and Google Scholar databases.

India's Contribution during COVID-19 Pandemic: COVISHIELD and COVAXIN

Coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic is presently wreaking havoc on general public health, food systems, human dignity, and labour around the world. The availability and potential delivery of a safe and effective vaccination to communities around the world is being viewed not only as a means of overcoming these obstacles, but also as a demonstration of human resilience in the face of hardship. Nations must mobilise their resources to ensure widespread access to vaccines, without which the true benefits of development will be lost. Despite its vast internal needs, our country is seen with both hope and anticipation for its ability to deliver at this critical moment in human civilization's progress, and India is more than willing to contribute.

Health risk assessment of natural and artificial radionuclides in medicinal plants

In the present work, we determined activity concentrations of ten Medicinal herbs using gamma spectrometry. The radioactivity concentration of 226 Ra, 232 Th, 40 K and 137 Cs were 2.82, 0.63, 984.32, 0.28 Bq/kg, respectively. These doses are not hazardous to the general public's health. The mean values of radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed dose rates (D), annual effective dose (De) and external hazard index (Hex) are 79.51 Bq/kg, 42.73 nGy-1 , 52.40 µSv and 0.21, respectively. Medicinal plants used to make tea do not contain a concentration of tested radionuclides that would cause negative consequences to one's health.

Effect of Inhalation of Pyrethroid Based Mosquito Vaporisers Fumes on the Body Weight of Male Albino Wistar Rats- An Experimental Study

Introduction: Pyrethroid based mosquito vaporisers are commonly used as Personal Protective Measure (PPM) to avoid mosquito borne diseases. Effective control of mosquito borne diseases with the use of general public health measures are yet to be achieved in our country, so there is increasing use of PPM like mosquito coils, liquid vaporisers, mats, insecticide treated bed nets in Indian population but data regarding the safety profile of PPM is still scarce. Aim: To analyse the change in the body weight of male albino wistar rats exposed to pyrethroid based mosquito vaporiser. Materials and Methods: This was an experimental study on total 12 male albino wistar rats from July 2015 to October 2016. They were randomly divided into group I and II. Each group contained six rats. Group I animals served as control and Group II animals were exposed to mosquito vaporiser, 8 hours/day for six days in a week for 90 days. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Independent samples t-test was used to compare between group differences. A p-value less than 0.05 were considered to be significant. Results: Pyrethroid exposure results in reduced weight gain in exposed group rats. The mean difference in body weight between the groups at the end of study was 37.32±24.47 gm (p=0.165). Weight gain in both the group rats was almost similar till 8th postexposure week, after that from 9th week onwards decremental trend in weight was seen in group II. Conclusion: The assessment suggests that inhalation of pyrethroid based mosquito vaporisers fumes have toxic effects, reflected as reduced weight gain following subchronic exposure.

The Economic, Climate Change and Public Health Edges of the Geopolitics of COVID-19: An Exploratory Bibliometric Analysis

We are in the middle of the storm and this does not allow us to see clearly what is coming. This often generates partial analyses of the issues of the situation. Therefore, this manuscript attempts to generate an integral perspective on the issues of the crisis. This chapter proposes a discussion of the Coronavirus crisis following analysis and comparison of the most important outstanding conversations of general public health, economics and environmental issues. The objective of this chapter is to travel on the far side of the discussion of the articles presently planned within the academic world and that were analyzed within the bibliometric review, that consist of these three issues. This analysis that integrates these dimensions allows to give an additional prospective answer to the queries exposed by the COVID crisis, conjointly taking into consideration geopolitics as a forgotten dimension within the public discussion. Our paper helps to indicate the positions of every one of those ideas and enrich the literature on the environmental sciences and public health by providing analysis of the consequences of international policies.

Anemia, estado de salud y reinserción familiar en centros de acogida residencial del Perú, un análisis cualitativo

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo general analizar el manejo de la anemia, estado de salud y la reinserción familiar en las niñas, niños y adolescentes acogidos en los Centros de Acogida Residencial del INABIF; se trabajó con el enfoque cualitativo, estudio fenomenológico que pretende precisar a través de la indagación y el análisis casos situaciones o fenómenos de un entorno específico. Se recogió la información a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas a servidores del centro de acogida residencial “Divino Jesús” que pertenece al INABIF; la entrevista estuvo compuesta por 15 preguntas guías cuyos resultados fueron posteriormente triangulados de acuerdo con el diseño del estudio. Se definieron tres categorías: manejo de la anemia; estado de salud; y reinserción familiar y social, con sus subcategorías correspondientes. Los resultados mostraron que el manejo de la anemia, estado de salud y reinserción familiar-social en las niñas, niños y adolescentes acogidos en la unidad de análisis, se llevó a cabo según lo estipulado por el ente rector, los que al ser lineamientos de salud pública genéricos y aplicables en grandes poblaciones vulnerables o no, pero sanas, no resultan aplicables en su totalidad en la población acogida en el lugar de estudio, por tener particularidades biológicas, genéticas y hasta fisiológicas que hacen necesario el manejo de la misma sea individualizada.