General Office Research Articles

The spillover effect of export on total factor productivity of enterprises: panel data approach in Vietnam

PurposeThis study addresses the empirical results of the spillover effect with export as the primary economic activity that enhances local businesses' total factor productivity (TFP). A learning mechanism is expected to be generated and used as the basis for the policy implication.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted the Cobb–Douglas function and multiple estimation approaches, including the generalized method of moments, the Olley–Pakes and the Levinsohn–Petrin estimation techniques. The findings were estimated based on the panel data of a Vietnamese local businesses survey conducted by the General Statistics Office of Vietnam (GSO) from 2010 to 2019.FindingsThe results showed that the highest TFP belongs to the businesses in the Southeast region, the Mekong Delta region, the mining industry and the foreign-invested enterprises. The lowest impacted TFP are businesses in the Northwest region and agricultural, forestry and fishery sectors. In addition, the estimated results also show that the positive spillover effect on TFP is shown through forward and backward linkage. The negative spillover effect is expressed through the backward and horizontal channels.Research limitations/implicationsThis study offers original empirical evidence on the learning mechanisms via which exports contribute to productivity improvement in a developing Asian economy, so making a valuable contribution to the existing academic literature in this domain. The findings of this research make a valuable contribution to the advancement of understanding on the many ways via which spillover effects manifest such as horizontal, forward, backward and supplied-backward linkage.Practical implicationsThe study's findings indicate that it is advisable for governments to give priority to the development and improvement of forward and supply chain linkages between exporters and local suppliers. This approach is recommended in order to optimize the advantages derived from export spillovers. At the organizational level, it is imperative for enterprises to strengthen their technological and managerial skills in order to efficiently incorporate knowledge spillovers that originate from overseas partners and trade counterparts.Originality/valueThis study sheds new evidence on the export spillover effect on productivity in emerging economies, with Vietnam as the case study. The paper contributes to the research's originality by adopting novel methodological aspects to estimate local businesses' impact on total factor productivity.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-05-2023-0373

Fortifying Cyber Resilience

Ensuring secure communication between different zones during armed action is the main goal of this project. The majority of communications take place by wireless (satellite) means because this is the medium that attackers target the most. As such, it is the responsibility of the informing general officer to guarantee a secure communication channel. We now introduce the idea of ransomware, which is a type of software that prevents a user from accessing their data or device and then demands payment in order to unlock it.These days, ransomware assaults are more common due to the rise of cryptocurrencies. Crypto-ransomware, the most dangerous type of ransomware, encrypts the victim's important files and demands payment in ransom.Malware of the ransomware type encrypts computer files, rendering them unreadable by the user. After that, the attacker demands a ransom from the user in return for the key that unlocks the data, thus extorting them. Cybercriminals first infiltrate a system, encrypt all data, and then demand payment in bitcoin for the victim's decryption key. This is how ransomware operates. Some ransomware operators will employ multipleextortion tactics in addition to breaking into a system and inserting encryption malware. These tactics include copying and obtaining the unencrypted data, embarrassing the victim on social media, threatening further attacks like denial-of-service attacks, or disclosing the stolen data to customers or the dark web.

PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN NEGARA HASIL TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 17 TAHUN 2003 TENTANG KEUANGAN NEGARA (STUDI PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG 29/PID.SUS-TPK/2021/PN.JKT PST)

In the Supreme Court decision 29/Pid.Sus-TPK/2021/PN.Jkt.Pst the panel of judges decided that Juliari Peter Batubara must pay state compensation money. The main issues raised by the author 1) What is the process for managing returns to state finances resulting from criminal acts of corruption (Study of Supreme Court Decision 29/Pid.Sus-TPK/2021/PN.Jkt.Pst), to the state according to the applicable laws and regulations? 2) Are there any obstacles in the process of recovering state financial losses from corruption? This study uses a normative research type that is descriptive-analytical. Data collection uses primary data and secondary data. The data is processed qualitatively by drawing conclusions using a deductive method. The results of the research show that the process of managing state financial losses carried out by the defendant Juliari Peter Batubara refers to the Attorney General's Office Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 19 of 2020 concerning Settlement of Compensation Money Decided by Courts and Regulation of the Minister of Finance Number 225 of 2020 concerning the Electronic State Revenue System . In the process of returning state financial losses resulting from the corruption crime of Juliari Peter Batubara there were no obstacles because the convict was able to and had compensated for the state losses arising from the proceeds of the corruption crime.

USING THE CUBIC SPLINE INTERPOLATION METHOD TO APPROXIMATE SOME REAL DATA

In engineering and science problems, the data being considered are of-ten known in the form of sets of discrete points, not as a continuous function. In applications, the values of the discrete data at specific points may be required to estimate. To solve these problems, a common mathematical ap-proach is to use the interpolation method. In this paper, we use the cubic natural spline interpolation method to build approxi-mate functions for some real data in Vietnam such as data on rice out-put and rice area of cultivation, data on expenditure and income per capita. The data used in this paper are extracted from the General Statis-tics Office of Vietnam. We develop some Matlab programs to find the coefficients of splines and calculate the values of the interpolation functions at specific points. Using the obtained interpolation function, some missing values in the data on income and expenditure per capita in the Southeast region of Vietnam in 2019 and 2021 are estimated. Fur-ther-more, some unknown data on rice productivity and cultivation area are obtained in a similar manner. A good agreement between the calcu-lated values and actual values are found.

Effectiveness of 4th doses of bivalent mRNA vaccine in reinfections from October 2022 to October 2023 in a general medicine office in Toledo (Spain)

Background: The effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine in preventing reinfections is uncertain and there is little community-level research published at this time. Objective: To compare the cases of COVID-19 reinfections in vaccinated versus not vaccinated 4th dose people with bivalent mRNA vaccines and assess the effectiveness of this vaccine booster. Methodology: An observational, longitudinal, and prospective case series study of adult patients with COVID-19 reinfections in general medicine from October 1, 2022, to October 1, 2023. The 4th dose vaccine COVID-19 effectiveness was calculated as 1 - [COVID-19 cases incidence of reinfection with 4th dose vaccine / COVID-19 cases incidence of reinfection without 4th vaccine dose] × 100. Results: 12 COVID-19 reinfections were included. Of them, 5 were in people with a fourth vaccine dose of bivalent mRNA and 7 were in people without a fourth vaccine dose of bivalent mRNA. The population vaccinated with the 4th dose was estimated at 1,133 people. The population without a 4th dose was estimated at 867 people. The 4th dose of bivalent mRNA vaccine effectiveness to prevent reinfections calculated on the total number of cases of reinfections in vaccinated and unvaccinated was 30%. The 4th dose of bivalent mRNA vaccine effectiveness to prevent reinfections calculated on population denominators of the total number of people vaccinated or not, was 46%. Conclusion: In the context of general medicine in Toledo (Spain), the 4th dose of bivalent mRNA vaccine effectiveness to prevent reinfections was modest. However, these results should be interpreted with caution because of the few cases included and possible underreporting.

25 year trends in cancer incidence and mortality among adults aged 35-69 years in the UK, 1993-2018: retrospective secondary analysis

ObjectiveTo examine and interpret trends in UK cancer incidence and mortality for all cancers combined and for the most common cancer sites in adults aged 35-69 years.DesignRetrospective secondary data analysis.Data...

Research on the Transformation and Upgrading of The Education and Training Industry Under the Background of "Double Reduction".

On July 24, 2021, in order to standardize off-campus training institutions and reduce the excessive homework burden and off-campus training burden of students in the compulsory education stage, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Further Reducing the Homework Burden and Off-campus Training Burden of Students in the Compulsory Education Stage" (referred to as the "Double Reduction" Policy). The "double reduction" policy directly limits the scale of academic off-campus training institutions, reduces the duration of extracurricular training, and has a huge impact on the education and training industry. In order to help the education and training industry in Hubei Province solve the current practical problems, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis from the perspectives of internal environment and external environment, explores the influencing factors of the transformation and upgrading of the education and training industry in Hubei Province, and on this basis, constructs a structural model, further analyzes the mechanism between the influencing factors, and clarifies the relationship between the factors.

The role of the armed forces in the April 2002 coup attempt in Venezuela

The article deals with the problem of the influence of representatives of the National Armed Forces of Venezuela on the course and results of the coup in April 2002. The relevance of the topic is determined by the fact that the failed coup became a key point in the first stage of the government of Hugo Chavez and largely determined the president's policy towards further establishing personal control over all institutions of power, as well as definitively outlined the harsh anti-American vector of the Bolivarian policy. The emphasis on the actions of military officials in the coup makes it possible to determine their real significant role in the April events. In this regard, attention is paid to the influence of the institution of the army in general and individual officers in particular on political processes in Venezuela. The methodological basis in the article is provided by general scientific (descriptive, analysis and synthesis), as well as historical (chronological) and political science (institutional) research methods. In Russian historiography, the episode with the coup, as a rule, was considered within the framework of global studies on H. Chavez and Chavismo in general. Therefore, within the framework of the work, more emphasis is placed on foreign historiography. These facts determine the novelty of the work, which consists both in attracting previously unused materials to the study, and in specifying the topic of the coup and the role of the Venezuelan Armed Forces in it. Based on the analyzed data, the conclusions of the work indicate that the actual intervention of senior officers in the political crisis in the country initially brought the presidency to the putschists, and then deprived them of almost seized power, ensuring the return of Hugo Chavez to the Miroflores Palace. In addition, independence in the actions of the military is emphasized in the conditions of chaos and a vacuum of power that came on April 11, 2002. In this regard, it is also indicated that specifically the senior officers acted spontaneously and were not actively involved in the real-life conspiratorial circles that were preparing a coup d'etat. Therefore, when the military most important for the coup saw that the measures taken by the putschists did not meet their vision, they deprived the right of their support and did not actually oppose the fact that another group of military officers returned the legitimately elected president to office.

Development Program of Basic Physical Movement Skills for Early Childhood in Guangzhou City, China

Background and Aim: The data highlights the persistent issue of high obesity rates among young children, aged 3-6, despite economic development and improved living standards. The overall physical fitness of children in this age group is deemed suboptimal, impacting their health, learning efficiency, and social adaptability. Recognizing early childhood as a critical phase for physical and mental development, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council emphasize the importance of physical education in the compulsory education stage. The recommended teaching model involves imparting health knowledge and basic motor skills, with an evolving focus on specialized motor skills. The study aims to investigate means and curriculum arrangements for physical fitness and skill exercises, intervening in basic motor skills to promote a holistic approach to physical and mental development in young children, ultimately contributing to the sustainable advancement of physical education. Materials and Methods: In this paper, using the methods of literature review, experimental method, expert interview method, observation method, and questionnaire survey method, an eight-week intervention experiment was carried out on 30, 5-6-year-old children, and the classroom teaching content was arranged in the way of physical fitness and basic motor skills integration. Results: The results of the two-month intervention experiment were as follows: the development of physical fitness and basic motor skills was better than that of the pre-intervention experiment; in terms of physical fitness: boys improved better than girls in standing long jump, 10-metre run, and throwing a tennis ball; girls improved better than boys in flexibility; and the development of coordination and balance was comparable between boys and girls. Regarding basic motor skills: boys outperformed girls in mobility skills; girls outperformed boys in biomechanical skills. Conclusion: In conclusion, the two-month intervention experiment exhibited positive overall outcomes in physical fitness and basic motor skills development, with distinct gender-specific variations. Boys showed superior progress in activities emphasizing strength and speed, while girls excelled in flexibility. Coordination and balance improvements were comparable between genders. The findings emphasize the importance of tailored approaches in physical education interventions to address diverse aspects of children's development.

产教融合视域下服装行业国际贸易人才培养探究

With the introduction of “Several Opinions of The General Office of the State Council on Deepening the integration of production and education”, the integration of production and education has become an important channel for the reform and development of vocational college personnel training. In the teaching of international business in higher vocational colleges, schools also need to deepen the development of the concept of integration of production and education, through school-enterprise cooperation, industry-university-research platform construction and other channels, joint regional industrial collaborative development, to train outstanding talents who meet the needs of international trade in the garment industry. In this context, this paper conducts research. By analyzing the impact of international trade situation on the garment industry in the new era, it summarizes the training requirements for international trade talents in the garment industry, puts forward the problems faced in the training of international trade talents in the garment industry at the present stage, and then establishes the training program for international trade talents in the garment industry from the perspective of integration of production and education.

Restorative Justice Approach To Victimless Crime

Restorative Justice Approach To Victimless Crime

From intimate partners to serial killers: Nearly 40 years of female homicides in King County, Washington (1978-2016).

An extreme, known potential outcome of intimate partner violence (IPV) is death, with national data revealing females are more likely to be killed by intimate partners than by others. In a novel pairing, the King County Medical Examiner's Office data management system and the Washington State Attorney General's Office's Homicide Information Tracking System were retrospectively analyzed (1978-2016) with information gathered pertaining to female homicide victims. Analyses show that female victims commonly knew their assailant(s) (79.3%) who were overwhelmingly male (92.8%) and commonly intimate partners (31.4%). Disproportionately represented were Black (20.17%) and Native American (4.25%) females; Asian/Pacific Islander (2.5 times that of Whites) and elderly (24%) females among homicide-suicide deaths; and Asian/Pacific Islander and Hispanic females in cases of IPV. "Domestic violence" was the most cited motive (34.3%) and most assaults occurred in a residence (58.73%). Females under 10 years of age were most commonly killed by a parent or caregiver (42.86%), while those over 70 were most likely to be killed by a child (23.08%) or spouse (21.80%). Serial murders, most commonly by the Green River Killer (80%) but including others, accounted for at least 7% of deaths, with victims notably young and commonly sex workers (68%). As compared to males, females were more likely to be killed by multiple modalities, asphyxia, and sharp force, though IPV-related deaths were more likely to be associated with firearms. This study reinforces the vulnerability of females to IPV, sexual assault, and serial murders as well as to caretakers at the extremities of age.

Polscy emigranci polistopadowi w zachodniej Francji i projekt wyprawy portugalskiej z 1833 r.

Polish Post-November refugees in western France and the 1833 Portuguese expedition project The idea produced by general officer Józef Bem and price Adam Jerzy Czartoryski to form a Polish Legion in Portugal in 1833 is an interesting subject in the context of international situation, French policy towards Polish post November refugees and as far as the situation within Polish emigration is concerned. Polish Legion was intended to participate in the Portuguese civil war on the side of the liberals and the supporters of constitutional monarchy. The Poles wanted to fight for the freedom of nations and were attracted by the perspective of military service in the Portuguese Army. French government informally supported the Poles expedition to Portugal perceiving it as a prospect of limiting expenditures on political refugees as well as an opportunity for calming down social anxiety, since the presence of Polish refugees in France caused numerous manifestations and riots. The Poles were allowed to gather on the West Coast of France. Initially, more than a dozen people went to the Breton island of Belle-Île where they spent a year and a half waiting for the opportunity to depart. Later on, the Poles were gathering in Nantes. As general officer Józef Bem’s idea was becoming less and less probable, some of them were directed to settle in Côtes-du-Nord department. Those determined to leave headed for the city of La Rochelle. The article presents the preparations for the Portuguese Expedition mostly from the perspective of the French authorities: how government decisions regulated the issues of the possible leave of the Poles and the engagement of French local authorities in this Polish project.

On the organization of prosecutorial and supervisory support for the implementation of the national project “Ecological Well-Being”

The author examines the relations between the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation and supervisory support in the field of implementation of a national project in the field of ecology. The subject of the research is the practice of the prosecutor's offices of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation, the case law of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, the legislation of the Russian Federation and organizational and administrative documents of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation, the works of scientists related to the topic of research. The methodological basis of the research includes the dialectical method; system method; methods of analysis, synthesis, analogy, deduction, induction, observation, modeling, historical, comparative legal, statistical and other methods. The author examines the organization of supervisory support for national projects, in particular, the problems that arise during work with sources of information about violations of laws, the organization of systemic information interaction with the objects being inspected, the distribution of responsibilities among prosecutors, the formation of departmental reporting, interaction with specialists (experts) during inspections, as well as during inspections at various stages of implementation of national projects. The work classifies typical violations and analyzes specific examples at various stages of national project implementation, such as: organizing and conducting procurement; implementation of government contracts; payment of government contracts and other expenditure of budget funds; organization and implementation of subsequent maintenance of purchased equipment and constructed facilities. The author also substantiates the need to create a single expert institution in the Russian Federation.

INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ASPECTS OF PROSECUTORS OFFICE OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN SUPERVISION OVER THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LAW ON ASSISTANCE IN CORRUPTION MATTERS

The Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On the Prosecutor's Office" (new edition) for the first time endowed the bodies of the Prosecutor's Office, represented by the General Prosecutor's Office of the Republic of Uzbekistan, with significant powers to implement international legal cooperation.

Reconceptualization of Restorative Justice in The Attorney General's Office of The Republic of Indonesia

Purpose: This article examines the regulatory framework and practical application of restorative justice by the Indonesian Prosecutor's Office. The adoption of restorative justice in Indonesia has been delayed by the legalistic and formalistic nature of the Indonesian Criminal Procedure. Theoretical framework: To address this issue, an Attorney General Regulation has been put in place to oversee and regulate restorative justice practices. Nevertheless, there are still uncertainties regarding the alignment between the Prosecutor's Office's restorative justice concept and its fundamental nature. Methods: This study uses a normative legal methodology to conduct qualitative research. The research indicates that the Prosecutor's Regulations on Restorative Justice are inherently linked to Indonesia's historical framework of law enforcement. Results and Conclusion: Consequently, prosecutors continue to handle minor instances, such as those involving Grandma Minah and Grandpa Samirin, much to the public's discontent. In Indonesia, this is evident in the high concentration of prisons. Research implications: According to this research, there should not be a connection between restorative justice and the resolution of a case. Restorative justice is distinct from the prosecutor's ability to dismiss a case based on the availability of options. Restorative justice aims to reinstate the "initial condition" and safeguard victims. Originality/value: This redirects the emphasis of restorative justice from halting the case to reinstating it. Restorative justice is a criminal framework that enables prosecutors to pursue alternative forms of prosecution and employ non-incarceration penalties. Prosecutors can utilize restorative justice both before and after the legal process, as well as during the legal process.

Impact of FDI absorptive capacity on labor productivity in Vietnam

This study examines the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) absorptive capacity on labor productivity in Vietnam's vibrant and dynamic context. Using panel data analysis of firm-level data from the Vietnam Enterprise Survey for 2008-2018, which was collected by the General Statistics Office of Vietnam, the authors find out that capacity is essential in enhancing labor productivity in Vietnamese firms. The study takes a strong and thorough approach, using panel data analysis to find out the many aspects of firm-level absorptive capacity and what these aspects mean for improving labor productivity in Vietnamese businesses. Specifically, firms with higher absorptive capacity tend to have higher labor productivity levels than those with lower absorptive capacity. Our findings suggest that policy makers in Vietnam and other developing countries must develop their absorptive capacity to benefit from FDI and fully improve productivity. In order to fully benefit from foreign direct investment (FDI), host nations must place a high priority on building their capacity to absorb FDI through wise expenditures in infrastructure, innovation, education, and training, as well as intellectual property rights protection. The study also shows how important absorptive capacity is in the relationship between FDI and productivity by adding to the existing research and finding the specific absorptive capacity indicators that are most useful for increasing labor productivity in Vietnamese businesses.

Some Solutions to Reduce Educational Inequality between Urban and Rural In Vietnam

Education is given special attention by the Vietnamese government. People from all socio-economic classes are given opportunities to participate in learning. However, due to differences in natural, economic and social conditions, educational inequality between urban and rural areas still exists. This research is based on the Household Living Standards Survey Report, Statistical Yearbook, Labor and Employment Survey Report, Population Change and Family Planning Survey Report, and other official reports of General Statistics Office of Vietnam. Analysis results show that there is still inequality in opportunities to access and complete education, in spending on education and getting high-income jobs post education between urban and rural areas. Based on these analysis results, this article proposes some solutions to reduce educational inequality between urban and rural regions in Vietnam.

Study on the Whole Process Supervision Technology of Digital Intelligent Enabling for Building Safety and Quality Appraisal Institutions

In order to fully implement the "Notice of The General Office of the State Council on Printing and Printing the Special Rectification Work Plan for the Safety of Self-built Houses", in view of the endless collapse of houses such as self-built houses, the traditional supervision methods of housing safety appraisal agencies are dishonest and the agency appraisal reports are distorted. Based on the principle of "the whole process of Internet + digital intelligence", this paper develops a set of digital and intelligent regulatory software system suitable for regulatory departments. It mainly introduces the basic application functions of this system, and takes the whole-area appraisal project of Taizhou City as an example to show that this regulatory system manages in all aspects such as human, machine, material, law and environment. The system has the advantages of thoughtful use steps, simple steps, scientific and accurate. At the end of this paper, the benefits and promotion value of the whole process of intelligent enabling supervision system are summarized and analyzed.

Travel insurer to pay $1.5M in mental health discrimination case

Allianz, the world's largest travel insurance company, will pay $1.5 million to settle a civil rights lawsuit that alleged the company discriminated against Washington residents with mental health conditions. A civil rights trial was set to begin Jan. 17, The Seattle Times reported. According to the Washington attorney general's office, the company had a policy that excluded coverage for “mental and nervous health disorders” including dementia, schizophrenia, post‐traumatic stress dis‐order and other mental health conditions. “Allianz would accept a claim over a broken foot, but not a life‐altering mental health diagnosis — that's not fair, and it's not lawful,” said Washington Attorney General Bob Ferguson. Allianz will pay about $800,000 to reimburse customer's travel losses and premiums, plus interest, and about $700,000 for the costs of the litigation, investigation and distribution of the financial restitution. Allianz has since entered a consent decree and changed its policy to remove the mental health exclusions, according to the attorney general's office.