General Election Research Articles

Pengabdian Masyarakat Sosialisasi Implementasi Sistem Pemilu Indonesia di Bawaslu Jakarta Pusat

General elections in Indonesia are a democratic mechanism to determine leaders who are expected to have legitimacy, namely recognition and support from the voting public at large. To achieve this, Indonesia needs an electoral system that is effective and in accordance with the country's conditions. Elections in this country have been regulated through the 1945 Constitution and are conducted through direct and representative election methods. There were variations in the electoral system before and after the 1945 constitutional amendment was made. This electoral system is set up to ensure that the voting process is conducted directly, publicly, freely, confidentially, honestly, and fairly. However, the implementation of the current electoral system shows some shortcomings that require improvement to ensure better elections in the future.

Menggali Makna Pemilihan Umum : Peran, Sejarah, dan Tantangan Demokrasi

General elections in Indonesia are a democratic mechanism that aims to maintain the principle of people's sovereignty. In its history, Indonesia has experienced an evolution in holding general elections since 1955, with various systems and regulatory changes. The role of elections includes the legitimacy of the ruler, the formation of political representatives, the turnover of the governing elite, and political education. The research method used in this study is normative juridical, focusing on the application of applicable legal principles. Elections also involve scrutiny that is essential to ensure integrity and fairness in the democratic process. However, there are still challenges such as the practice of money politics that harm and affect the democratic process.

Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 85/PUU-XX/2022: Badan Peradilan Khusus Perkara Perselisihan Hasil Pemilihan Gubernur, Bupati dan Walikota

The purpose of this research is to determine and analyze the balance of Constitutional Court Judges in Decision Number 85/PUU-XX/2022 and the legal implications of Decision Number 85/PUU-XX/2022 on special courts for resolving disputes over election results. The research issues include: 1) What are the considerations of Constitutional Court Judges in Decision Number 85/PUU-XX/2022? 2) What are the legal implications of Decision Number 85/PUU-XX/2022 on special courts for resolving disputes over election results? The research method used in this thesis is normative juridical, meaning the research starts from legal issues by analyzing legal problems through legislation, literature, and other reference materials. This thesis employs several approaches, including legal approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. The results of the discussion in this study indicate that: 1) Legal considerations underlying the Constitutional Court Decision include the absence of a special court designated by the President/Government and the DPR to handle disputes over the results of regional head elections, fundamental changes to Article 157 in three amendments to the Regional Head Election Law; the history of the development of authority in resolving disputes over election results in the Constitutional Court; and the elimination of differences in the election regime for both general elections and regional head elections. 2) The implication of constitutional Court Decision number 85/PUU-XX/2022 are, firstly, it removes the role of special judicial bodies in handling disputes over regional elections results” Secondly, there is inconsistency in the Constitutional Court’s decisions, as it previously mandated that settling regional election disputes (PHPUD) is not within the authority of the Constitutional Court. Thirdly, there is a pilin gup of election-related cases in the Constituional Court.

The electoral effect of pork barrel politics: evidence from England

AbstractThis study examines the effect of the allocation of centralised funding on electoral support for the incumbent by utilising the introduction of the “Towns Fund” in England in 2019 as a natural experiment. For causal identification, I leverage a difference-in-difference design to examine the electoral effect of this fund. My findings suggest that providing funding to constituencies significantly increased the vote share of the Conservative Party in the General Election in 2019. However, in a subset of constituencies in which the Labour Party constitutes the incumbent, the findings can not be replicated for all specifications and robustness checks. Furthermore, I do not find consistent support that the effect is stronger in economically deprived constituencies. Similarly, the results suggest that the voting outcome depends on the total amount of funding being received, however, this finding does not reach statistical significance. These results complement the literature by providing empirical evidence for pork barrel as a functioning means for vote buying for the Conservative government in 2019 in England. Furthermore, this paper emphasises that partisanship should be considered as a mediating variable when analysing the political effect of providing place-based funding.

Motivations for Activism: Exploring Bersih Activists’ Communicative Ecologies

Social media provides people with new ways of approaching and engaging in politics. This article explores how Bersih activists develop new communicative practices and motivations for their activism. The study investigates the communicative strategies that they employed in using social media to mobilise their supporters and explores their personal communicative experiences, which are likely to enhance their public commitment. This study draws on data collected from a longitudinal study conducted before and after the 14th General Election (GE14) in 2018, which saw the fall of the dominant Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition after ruling continuously for six decades. Findings show Bersih activism uses mediated and unmediated communication strategies in mobilisation, each of which is organised in a particular way that connects activists with their local and global networks. This study concludes that motivation moderates the three layers of activists’ communicative ecology and the integration of social media into their everyday life helps to actualise collective affordances. Bersih activists use social media to deliver truthful information about their activism as this helps to combat the distribution of fake news, an

KEWENANGAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI TERHADAP PUTUSAN PERKARA NOMOR 90/PUU-XXI/2023

The decision of the Constitutional Court in case Number 90/PUU-XXI/2023 in the general election trial Number 7 of 2017, the opinions of legal experts and the public are contradictory. There are political parties who say the decision is right, and there are also those who say the Constitutional Court's decision is wrong. Furthermore, the problem formulated in this study is based on this background, namely the competence of the Constitutional Court and the legal consequences of its decisions. The research method is a normative and applicable legal approach. This research uses library research, namely. Qualitative studies are carried out by collecting library materials, reading and taking notes, and carrying out analysis on library materials that have been selected for use. Based on the results of this research, the Constitutional Court has the competence to make decisions on matters relating to the age limit for candidates for President and Vice President, where the court's decision is definite and binding.

Winners and losers: Emotional shifts across elections are conveyed by a politician's smile.

The human smile can convey both rewarding and affiliative social intent and thus has significant utility in politics, where the ability to bond with and reassure voters is vital to electoral success. We examine experimental evidence from the 2019 UK general election to investigate the influence of a politician's reward or affiliative smile on voter emotions. It was hypothesised that the winner's affiliative smile would engender positive affect across all partisan groups compared to the winner's reward smile display. Participants from a nationally representative sample were shown campaign footage containing both types of smiles from the leaders of the main competing political parties both before and after the election. Increases in happiness and affinity were revealed across all partisan groups when shown footage of the eventual winner's affiliative smile; at the same time, supporters of losing parties indicated a decrease in negative affect. Affinity has been shown to increase civic engagement. Thus, we conclude that affiliative smiles displayed by leading candidates during the campaign likely acted as a mechanism to align voter behaviour with the dominant political message.

The Right To Inquiry: Its Influence on The Results of The 2024 General Election

Based on the explanation above, it can be concluded that this research aims to analyze the function of the People's Representative Council's right to inquiry in influencing the results of the 2024 general election. In line with the characteristics and color of sentences that researchers use in this article, this research is qualitative research with a normative/normative approach. approach to regulations and laws relating to the era of the right to inquiry, the history of the right to inquiry, the scope of the right to inquiry, the object of the right to inquiry, and the influence of the right to inquiry on the results of the 2024 Presidential and Vice Presidential general elections. In line with qualitative research with other descriptive approaches, research This uses secondary data in the form of statutory regulations relating to the right to inquiry, legal books, scientific articles, and various other secondary legal sources which are usually used as references in qualitative research with a normative approach. These data were analyzed using the method of grammatical legal interpretation, namely interpreting word for word in statutory regulations, legal doctrine and scientific articles. As well as a systematic legal interpretation method in accordance with the hierarchy of laws and regulations.

Public Law Developments in Türkiye on Its Centennial

Abstract As the centennial anniversary of the Turkish Republic has been celebrated in 2023, by virtue of a dynamic interplay between law and politics both nationally and internationally, year 2023 has been a legally active one for Türkiye. The general elections and the presidential elections were held in May, and Recep Tayyip Erdoğan extended his twenty years of power by five more at the end of the second round, while AKP (Justice and Development Party, led by Erdoğan) once again became the leading political party in the Parliament. Along with the ongoing economic hardship the State is in for the last few years now, which was deteriorated with the devastating earthquakes of 6 February, and the wars in nearby countries, it may be submitted that the legal outlook has been heavily influenced by internal and external stress factors. This survey presents a selection of public law related legal developments that took place in Türkiye, between January and November of 2023.

Plurilingual Perspectives, Pluricultural Contexts

The present article is concerned with the multilingual news coverage from Agence-France Presse (AFP) about the South American country of Bolivia. Firstly, the theoretical and methodological approaches are outlined in order to characterise the plurality of contexts giving rise to AFP’s coverage of the Bolivian 2020 general elections. Secondly, an analysis is proposed that contrasts these multilingual versions in terms of framing devices and translation shifts, aiming at exploring the ways in which media stakeholders represent the Bolivian reality. Thirdly, the findings of this analysis are contextualised with reference to a cross-linguistic comparison of newspaper corpora. When comparing the Spanish, French, and English versions, the first two are found to be more aligned at the level of discourse patterns. The ultimate purpose of this case-study is to observe the presence of translation in plurilingual news settings, where the role of translators often goes unacknowledged within

Review of the Impacts of Previous General Elections on Stock Market Performance: Insights for Investors

This paper aims to examine how the announcement of election results affects the NSE (Nifty) and BSE (Sensex) indices. The analysis focuses on measuring the impact of daily average returns and volatility during different time periods before and after the election result announcement: thirty days, fifteen days, and seven days. The paper is based on secondary data as opinions and views of different authors who have conducted such kind of studies are referred for the purpose of writing this research paper and consolidated views are mugged up in the article form. The findings indicate that the impact of election results is predominantly observed in the short term, gradually diminishing over the medium and long term. The study concludes that there is no significant relationship between the announcement of election results and the performance of the stock market. It suggests that the stock market initially reacts unusually to this information, causing short-term anomalies that subsequently correct themselves in the following days. This study aims to analyse the effect of election result announcements on the performance of India's major stock indexes, Sensex (BSE) and Nifty (NSE). By examining previous research and focusing specifically on the election result's impact on these indexes, this study aims to provide insights for investors to navigate the market with agility and caution during election periods, maximizing their investment outcomes..

Analisis Penyebab Diselenggarakannya Pemungutan Suara Ulang (PSU) Di Provinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2024

The research that we conducted has the aim of knowing the causes of the Re-voting (PSU) ini the 2024 simultaneous general elections in East Java. Aiming to see what factors are behind the PSU. This research was conducted to see the decisions making carried out by Bawaslu in handling allegations of fraud that occurd during the 2024 election process. With the aim of knowing the process in making decisions for organizing PSUs. The method used is qualitative with a literature study approach to collect data to conduct in-depth alaysis which is then presented in the form of a literacy that is useful for adding information to readers and can also be used to make considerations in every decision-making process when facing a problem. The emergence considerations in the form of re-voting is mentioned when a whole process of analyzing various reports, information and data obtained by the Regional Election Supervisory Committee has been carried out. The report willlater be used as basic evidence related to all findings of fraud in the implementation of elections that violate laws and regulations. So that information about the occurrence of these violations will be the cause behind the PSU based on Article 372 paragraphs (2) of Law Number 7 Year 2017 cencerning elections. Things like this should be prevented trough actions that have been taken by the government long before the implementation of the 2024 elections and supported by the organizing committee and election participants can understand the rules regarding the implementation of voting until the time the vote count is carried out.

The geography of educational voting: Understanding where individuals with similar qualifications vote differently across Britain

This study offers a novel account of the geographical variation in the association of educational attainment with electoral behaviour. It estimates multilevel random-coefficient models using survey data from the British Election Study Internet Panel and data on constituency characteristics to explore the extent to which, and reasons why, the voting behaviours of individuals with identical qualifications varied across different types of parliamentary constituencies in British general elections from 2015 to 2019. We find the geography of this educational cleavage has not been evenly distributed in recent years. While the individual-level association of educational attainment and vote choice indeed varied geographically at the 2015, 2017 and 2019 general elections, there is only limited evidence to suggest that similarly educated individuals voted differently in constituencies with low and high densities of persons with high levels of education. Rather, our findings suggest that constituency left behind-ness (broadly defined) is the most important factor in explaining the spatial heterogeneity of education-based voting in recent British general elections.

Political Campaigns’ Use of E-mail vs. Television Advertising

This research explores how political campaigns use e-mail and television advertising differently. The data consist of 267,675 television ad airings sponsored, and 2,164 e-mails sent, by the forty-seven U.S. Senate candidates who used both communication channels during the 2014 general election cycle. Major findings include that fundraising requests and get-out-the-vote messages were more commonly found in campaign e-mails than in television ads; that campaigns were more likely to use partisan appeals in their e-mails while they often used bipartisan appeals in their television ads; and that campaigns sometimes mentioned issues owned by the other party more frequently than their opponents did when using television ads whereas they tended to focus on issues owned by their party in their e-mails. Campaigns’ use of multiple communication channels within a single election cycle should be monitored more systematically and thoroughly.

REVIEWING THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS ON DEMOCRATIC ELECTION PRACTICES IN INDONESIA AND THE PHILIPPINES

One form of democracy's embodiment is through general elections. The Philippines and Indonesia are two countries in the Southeast Asian region that are currently still developing their democratic practices through general elections. This study aims to compare how the general elections have been enforced in the two countries to obtain input on the implementation of democracy in Indonesia. The normative legal research design was used in this study, and data collection was carried out through a literature study. The functional comparative approach compares the implementation of general elections in the two countries. The data collected by literature searches were analyzed using a qualitative juridical analysis method. The analysis shows that although the two countries have declared themselves democracies and the general election is the form of their implementation in the constitution, general elections have been used to perpetuate power in both countries. The two countries have differences in implementing general elections due to historical differences and national problems. The most distinguishing matter that can be learned is how the Philippines implemented the general election through the existence of a plebiscite that makes the people more involved in the state process. In addition, information technology in the Philippines' general election has also made the process of conducting the general elections effective and efficient. This study is still limited to analyzing general elections at the national level, especially the presidential and vice-presidential elections. Further research on the general elections of legislature members and regional heads can add to our understanding of the comparative implementation of the two countries.

Lame duck law enforcement

Election losses for incumbent sheriffs result in lame ducks who oversee local law enforcement for as long as 10 months before the next sheriff takes office. Monthly arrest rates decline 11% subsequent to a primary election loss and 20.3% after losing a general election; violent crime arrests drop 24.8% in the two months following a general election loss. Our results demonstrate the costs of electoral turnover where day-to-day duties are sensitive to effort and conscientiousness.

Presidential Campaign Authority in The General Election Law

Presidential Campaign Authority in The General Election Law

Analisis Daya Pikir Masyarakat Dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Guna Menangkal Berita Hoax Mengenai Pemilihan Umum 2024

Indonesia will hold general elections to elect the president in 2024. Hoax news regarding the election cannot be avoided. The spread of hoaxes is increasingly widespread due to laws that are not yet effective, the use of online media that is not balanced by the abilities of the users, and a lack of public literacy. This research aims to provide solutions in reviewing and developing people’s thinking in overcoming and responding to the challenges of hoax information related to elections and future political issues that are more complex. This research used qualitative methods and data collection techniques through literature studies. This paper uses Herbert Simon’s theory of rational decision making which shows three steps in decision making, namely identifying problems, finding and developing alternative solutions, selecting and choosing each alternative solution. The result of this research is that problem the spread of election hoax news aims to reduce public trust in election management institutions, election participants, and the government. The author provides several solutions that the public can use as a basis for making decisions regarding the circulation of hoax news, namely: (1) self-criticism; (2) increasing digital literacy; (3) involvement of community leaders; and (4) participatory political education. The author chose the second solution, namely increasing digital literacy, as a solution to minimizing the spread of hoaxes. Digital literacy is the basis for other solutions that can help people develop skills for selecting news on social media.

First public dataset to study 2023 Turkish general election.

In the context of Turkiye's most recent parliamentary and presidential elections ("seçim" in Turkish), social media has played an important role in shaping public debate. It is of utmost importance to capture social media trends during the 2023 Turkish elections, since it uncovers a great deal of information of election propaganda, political debates, smear campaigns, and election manipulation by domestic and international actors. We provide a comprehensive dataset for social media researchers to study Turkish elections, develop tools to prevent online manipulation, and gather novel information to inform the public. We are committed to continually improving the data collection and updating it regularly leading up to the election. Using the #Secim2023 dataset, researchers can examine the social and communication networks between political actors, track current trends, and investigate emerging threats to election integrity. Our dataset and analysis code available through Harvard Dataverse and Github, respectively.

The Urgency of Implementing a Blockchain-Based E-Voting System in Organizing General Elections in Indonesia

This research aims to analyze the urgency of implementing a blockchain-based e-voting system for general elections in Indonesia. This research is Normative Legal research using the Statute Approach, Conceptual Approach, and Comparative Approach. The results show that the development of technology and information encourages the need for innovations to organize general elections through electronic voting systems (e-voting) while maintaining the principles of democratic elections. The needs and readiness of Indonesia for technological development are considered when applying the e-voting system to implement elections in Indonesia. Moreover, it is necessary to compare the voting system with conventional elections, including the legal aspects (regulations), the stages of voting implementation, and the effectiveness and efficiency of implementation.