General Dimensions Research Articles

Universal Feature of Charged Entanglement Entropy.

Rényi entropies, S_{n}, admit a natural generalization in the presence of global symmetries. These "charged Rényi entropies" are functions of the chemical potential μ conjugate to the charge contained in the entangling region and reduce to the usual notions as μ→0. For n=1, this provides a notion of charged entanglement entropy. In this Letter, we prove that for a general d(≥3)-dimensional conformal field theory, the leading correction to the uncharged entanglement entropy across a spherical entangling surface is quadratic in the chemical potential, positive definite, and universally controlled (up to fixed d-dependent constants) by the coefficients C_{J} and a_{2}. These fully characterize, for a given theory, the current correlators ⟨JJ⟩ and ⟨TJJ⟩, as well as the energy flux measured at infinity produced by the insertion of the current operator. Our result is motivated by analytic holographic calculations for a special class of higher-curvature gravities coupled to a (d-2) form in general dimensions as well as for free fields in d=4. A proof for general theories and dimensions follows from previously known universal identities involving the magnetic response of twist operators introduced in A. Belin etal. [J. High Energy Phys. 12 (2013) 059.JHEPFG1029-847910.1007/JHEP12(2013)059] and basic thermodynamic relations.

The knowledge and attitudes of field hockey athletes to injury, injury reporting and injury prevention: A qualitative study

ObjectivesResearchers have often struggled to successfully implement injury prevention strategies in real-world practice. This is despite such strategies proving successful in reducing overall injury incidence and burden. It has been hypothesised that this may be because the behavioural and contextual factors related to sports injury are not fully understood. Such factors stem from multiple key stakeholders, including the athlete. The primary aim of this study was to investigate athletes' knowledge and attitudes towards injury, injury reporting and prevention, as well as some of the barriers that may impact the future implementation of prevention strategies. DesignQualitative; with semi-structured interviews following an interpretivist approach. MethodsTwenty-two field hockey athletes, playing in the top-tier Irish Hockey League were interviewed. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, with three general dimensions containing six higher-order themes. ResultsThe findings highlighted that athletes have a varied understanding of injury, which tends to improve with experience. The reporting of injuries by athletes to members of the coaching staff was relatively poor. This may be due to limited resources and supports available to athletes which also cause challenges to injury prevention. ConclusionsFuture injury prevention strategies in field hockey need to account for athletes' varied understanding of what constitutes an injury. Furthermore, policy changes to influence potential barriers to injury may assist in preventing or reducing the number of injuries being sustained by athletes.

Negative Physical Self-Concept Is Associated to Low Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Negative Lifestyle and Poor Mental Health in Chilean Schoolchildren.

Background: Evidence suggests that physical self-concept (PSC) is linked to well-being in children and adolescents. Objective: The objective was to investigate the association of PSC with mental health (i.e., depression and body image), physical status (i.e., fitness and weight status) and lifestyle (physical activity (PA) patterns and nutritional level) in Chilean schoolchildren. Methods: A total of 617 schoolchildren (n = 271 girls and n = 346 boys) aged 10–14 years participated in this study. Self-concept, depression and body image dissatisfaction were determined by questionnaires. Physical fitness, PA, screen time (ST), Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence and anthropometric parameters were also included. Results: Poor PSC was linked to bad cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) (<42 VO2max) (OR 1.64; 95%CI 1.12–2.34; p = 0.01), severe body image dissatisfaction (OR 2.51, 95%CI 0.99–6.35; p = 0.05), ST of more than two hours a day (OR 2.1; 95%CI 1.41–3.12; p < 0.001), PA after school of no more than two hours per week (OR 1.52; 95%CI 1.08–2.13; p = 0.015) and depression (OR 1.80; 95%CI 1.1–2.92; p = 0.017). High nutritional level showed an association with general PSC and general self-concept (p < 0.05). Absence of body image dissatisfaction was related to general self-concept (p < 0.01) and physical condition dimensions (p < 0.05). Conclusions: PSC is associated with CRF, PA after school, ST and nutritional level. According to mental health variables, poor PSC is related to depression in Chilean schoolchildren. Therefore, promoting a healthy lifestyle among children should be a target of community- and school-based interventions to promote PSC.

Fermions in AdS and Gross-Neveu BCFT

We study the boundary critical behavior of conformal field theories of interacting fermions in the Gross-Neveu universality class. By a Weyl transformation, the problem can be studied by placing the CFT in an anti de Sitter space background. After reviewing some aspects of free fermion theories in AdS, we use both large N methods and the epsilon expansion near 2 and 4 dimensions to study the conformal boundary conditions in the Gross-Neveu CFT. At large N and general dimension d, we find three distinct boundary conformal phases. Near four dimensions, where the CFT is described by the Wilson-Fisher fixed point of the Gross-Neveu-Yukawa model, two of these phases correspond respectively to the choice of Neumann or Dirichlet boundary condition on the scalar field, while the third one corresponds to the case where the bulk scalar field acquires a classical expectation value. One may flow between these boundary critical points by suitable relevant boundary deformations. We compute the AdS free energy on each of them, and verify that its value is consistent with the boundary version of the F-theorem. We also compute some of the BCFT observables in these theories, including bulk two-point functions of scalar and fermions, and four-point functions of boundary fermions.

A Conceptual Model to Evaluate Service Quality of Direct-to-Consumer Telemedicine Consultation from Patient Perspective.

Objective and Background: This research aims to develop a theoretical service quality (SQ) model for direct-to-consumer (DTC) telemedicine consultations. Although it can change care delivery for the better, it is crucial to create the appropriate measurement tool to collect and analyze patient's perceptions of SQ to identify any service pitfall and encourage a faster adoption. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this article is one of the first to investigate and propose a SQ model for DTC telemedicine consultations. This study is therefore motivated by a clear need for such a model as it is currently inexistent. Methods: A literature review of health and e-service quality (e-SQ) models was conducted to identify a suitable instrument for the research. A total of 60 studies were included. Results: The main findings are threefold: (1) DTC telemedicine SQ is interdisciplinary: it encompasses generic and context-specific dimensions from the health, e-SQ, and information system literature; (2) the existing SQ models are not adequate, they do not cover all dimensions of DTC telemedicine services; (3) although LeRouge et al.'s Telemedicine service encounter quality model was identified as a reference model, it is inadequate to simply transpose it to the context of the study. Thus, the elaboration of a more suitable instrument and creation of a new updated model by the authors. Conclusion: The conceptual model captures three primary dimensions (system quality, interaction quality and use quality) that represent SQ of DTC telemedicine consultations from a patient perspective.

Body Measurements for Designing Hip Dislocation Prevention Garment in Children with Cerebral Palsy

This study aims to provide basic size data for the development of a hip dislocation prevention garment for cerebral palsy (CP) children and useful information for the design of garment products for CP children through identifying differences in body shape between CP and non-CP children and reviewing the tibial-stature prediction formulas of previous studies. Forty-seven Korean children with CP aged 2 to 14 years were measured for body size from October 2019 to August 2020. Body measurements of 18 sites, including greater trochanter length, which is an important site for a hip dislocation prevention garment, were collected and analyzed. Data of non-CP children were taken from same age of Size Korea and compared. Tibial-stature prediction formulas suggested in four previous studies were also reviewed. CP children had significantly lower stature as well as circumferential dimensions when compared to non-CP children. Greater trochanter length is difficult to predict through other body dimensions. Thus, direct measurement is required. Of the general key dimensions used in the clothing industry, only hip circumference could explain the body shape of CP children. Tibial-stature prediction formulas cannot always but tend to largely predict the actual stature of CP children.

AFYON’DA GÖREV YAPMAKTA OLAN KADIN MÜZİK ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN MESLEK YAŞAMLARINDA KARŞILAŞTIKLARI SORUNLARIN MESLEKİ DEĞERLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ

Today, women work in every field and constitute an important part of the productive population. A large number of female artists contribute to our music culture with their stage, education and musical productions in the field of music. Music education covers a wide area with professional, amateur and general music education dimensions. It is known that female music teachers, who take charge in all dimensions from pre-school to academic level, make very valuable contributions in this field. On the other hand, examining and arranging professional values and ethical concepts in every field where people are involved in production and consumption is of great importance in terms of carrying out the studies in a healthier way and improving the working conditions of the employees in the best way.In this study, the problems faced by female music teachers in the institutions they work at primary, secondary and high school levels were tried to be examined in terms of professional values. These problems were discussed under the headings of institution managers, colleagues, students, professional problems related to the practice of the profession, and the problems experienced by female music educators were tried to be examined by taking into account the values under these headings. The values that were ignored in the emergence of the problems experienced in the professional field in the research were created by considering the themes in the scale of "Developing the Professional Values Scale for Primary Education Teachers and Determining the Professional Values of Primary Education Teachers" developed by Nihal Tunca (2012). The values-oriented behaviors in Tunca's (2012) scale were adapted to the research and the problems that music teachers faced in their professional lives were tried to be determined according to these values. The research is important in terms of focusing on the problems of female music teachers and contributing to the determination of their problems.

Metamorphoses of General, Doctrinal and Practical Dimensions of Slovak Youth Religiosity

The presented empirical study deals with the issues of metamorphoses of Slovak youth religiosity – specifically in three basic dimensions of religiosity, namely general, doctrinal, and practical – concretely during the years 2006–2016. The article is based on socio-religious reflection that relates to the main paradigms or scenarios of religious changes of young people in the contemporary world. The empirical parts of the article refer mainly to data from last four censuses in Slovakia and two sociological surveys of youth religiosity from the diocese of Spiš in northern Slovakia (Spiš, Liptov and Orava regions). The obtained data does not only support the scenario of advancing secularization and intensifying the phenomenon of “belonging without believing” among a large part of the young generation of Slovaks, but partially also the scenario of stabilization or even revitalization of religiosity among a certain part of Slovak youth.

Item Response Theory True Score Equating for the Bifactor Model Under the Common-Item Nonequivalent Groups Design.

Applying item response theory (IRT) true score equating to multidimensional IRT models is not straightforward due to the one-to-many relationship between a true score and latent variables. Under the common-item nonequivalent groups design, the purpose of the current study was to introduce two IRT true score equating procedures that adopted different dimension reduction strategies for the bifactor model. The first procedure, which was referred to as the integration procedure, linked the latent variable scales for the bifactor model and integrated out the specific factors from the item response function of the bifactor model. Then, IRT true score equating was applied to the marginalized bifactor model. The second procedure, which was referred to as the PIRT-based procedure, projected the specific dimensions onto the general dimension to obtain a locally dependent unidimensional IRT (UIRT) model and linked the scales of the UIRT model, followed by the application of IRT true score equating to the locally dependent UIRT model. Equating results obtained with the two equating procedures along with those obtained with the unidimensional three-parameter logistic (3PL) model were compared using both simulated and real data. In general, the integration and PIRT-based procedures provided equating results that were not practically different. Furthermore, the equating results produced by the two bifactor-based procedures became more accurate than the results returned by the 3PL model as tests became more multidimensional.

The FACT-8D, a new cancer-specific utility algorithm based on the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapies-General (FACT-G): a Canadian valuation study

IntroductionUtility instruments are used to assess patients’ health-related quality of life for cost-utility analysis (CUA). However, for cancer patients, the dimensions of generic utility instruments may not capture all the information relevant to the impact of cancer. Cancer-specific utilities provide a useful alternative. Under the auspices of the Multi-Attribute Utility in Cancer Consortium, a cancer-specific utility algorithm was derived from the FACT-G. The new FACT-8D contains eight dimensions: pain, fatigue, nausea, sleep, work, support from family/friends, sadness, and worry health will get worse. The aim of the study was to obtain a Canadian value set for the FACT-8D.MethodsA discrete choice experiment was administered to a Canadian general population online panel, quota sampled by age, sex, and province/territory of residence. Respondents provided responses to 16 choice sets. Each choice set consisted of two health states described by the FACT-8D dimensions plus an attribute representing survival duration. Sample weights were applied and the responses were analyzed using conditional logistic regression, parameterized to fit the quality-adjusted life year framework. The results were converted into utility weights by evaluating the marginal rate of substitution between each level of each FACT-8D dimension with respect to duration.Results2228 individuals were recruited. The analysis dataset included n = 1582 individuals, who completed at least one choice set; of which, n = 1501 completed all choice sets. After constraining to ensure monotonicity in the utility function, the largest decrements were for the highest levels of pain (− 0.38), nausea (− 0.30), and problems doing work (− 0.23). The decrements of the remaining dimensions ranged from − 0.08 to − 0.18 for their highest levels. The utility of the worst possible health state was defined as − 0.65, considerably worse than dead.ConclusionsThe largest impacts on utility included three generic dimensions (i.e., pain, support, and work) and nausea, a symptom caused by cancer (e.g., brain tumours, gastrointestinal tumours, malignant bowel obstruction) and by common treatments (e.g., chemotherapy, radiotherapy, opioid analgesics). This may make the FACT-8D more informative for CUA evaluating in many cancer contexts, an assertion that must now be tested empirically in head-to-head comparisons with generic utility measures.

The validity of five broad generic dimensions of performance in South Africa

Orientation: Disconnected scholarly work on the theoretical and empirical structure of individual work performance negatively impacts predictive studies in human resource management. Greater standardisation in the conceptualisation and measurement of performance is required to enhance the scientific rigour with which research is conducted in human resource management in South Africa.Research purpose: The present study aimed to conceptualise and empirically validate the structural validity of five broad generic dimensions of individual work performance, based on 20 narrow dimensions of performance.Motivation for the study: A generic model and standardised measurement of individual work performance, measuring performance at the appropriate level of breadth and depth, may help human resource professionals to make accurate decisions about important work-based criteria and their related predictors. A validated generic model of performance could further increase the replicability of science around performance measurement in South Africa.Research approach/design and method: A cross-sectional design was implemented by asking 448 managers across several organisations to rate the performance of their subordinates on the Individual Work Performance Review (IWPR). The quantitative data were analysed by means of hierarchical confirmatory factor analyses.Main findings: An inspection of the discriminant validity of the 20 narrow performance dimensions supported the multidimensionality of performance to a fair degree. The bifactor statistical indices, in turn, suggested that the five broad factors explained a significant amount of common variance amongst the manifest variables and could therefore be interpreted as more unidimensional.Practical/managerial implications: Practitioners can interpret the broader performance dimensions in the IWPR as total scores, especially when high-stakes decisions are made about promoting or rewarding employees. The interpretation of the narrow performance dimensions might be more useful in low-stakes development situations. Cross-scale interpretations are encouraged to enable a holistic understanding of employees’ performance, as the narrow performance dimensions covary.

Associations of polygenic risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with general and specific dimensions of childhood psychological problems and facets of impulsivity

A polygenic risk score (PRS) for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been found to be associated with ADHD in multiple studies, but also with many other dimensions of problems. Little is known, however, about the processes underlying these transdiagnostic associations. Using data from the baseline and 1-year follow-up assessments of 9- to 10-year-old children in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development™ (ABCD©) Study, associations were assessed between an ADHD PRS and both general and specific factors of psychological problems defined in bifactor modeling. Additionally, prospective mediated paths were tested from the ADHD PRS to dimensions of problems in the follow-up assessment through baseline measures of executive functioning (EF) and two facets of impulsivity: lower perseverance and greater impulsiveness in the presence of surgent positive emotions. Previous findings of modest but significant direct associations of the ADHD PRS with the general factor of psychological problems were replicated in both assessments in 4,483 children of European ancestry. In addition, significant statistical mediation was found from the ADHD PRS to the general factor, specific ADHD, and conduct problems in the follow-up assessment through each of the two facets of impulsivity. In contrast, EF did not statistically mediate associations between the ADHD PRS and psychological problems. These results suggest that polygenic risk transdiagnostically influences both psychological problems and facets of impulsivity, perhaps partly through indirect pathways via facets of impulsivity.

Unlikely intersections for curves in products of Carlitz modules

The conjectures associated with the names of Zilber-Pink greatly generalize results associated with the names of Manin-Mumford and Mordell-Lang, but unlike the latter they are almost exclusively restricted to zero characteristic. Not so long ago the second author made a start on removing this restriction by studying multiplicative groups over positive characteristic, and recently both authors went further for additive groups with extra Frobenius structure. Here we study additive groups with extra structure coming instead from the Carlitz module. We state a conjecture for curves in general dimension and we prove it in three dimensions. The main tool is a new relative version (for cyclotomic fields) of Denis’s analogue of Dobrowolski’s classical lower bound for heights, as well as a suitable upper bound. We also work out a couple of special cases in two dimensions: for example with respect to prime fields there are exactly 23 Carlitz roots of unity whose reciprocals are also roots of unity.

A model of persistent breaking of continuous symmetry

We consider a UV-complete field-theoretic model in general dimensions, including d=2+1, which consists of two copies of the long-range vector models, with O(m) and O(N-m) global symmetry groups, perturbed by double-trace operators. Using conformal perturbation theory we find weakly-coupled IR fixed points for N\geq 6N≥6 that reveal a spontaneous breaking of global symmetry. Namely, at finite temperature the lower rank group is broken, with the pattern persisting at all temperatures due to scale-invariance. We provide evidence that the models in question are unitary and invariant under full conformal symmetry. Furthermore, we show that this model exhibits a continuous family of weakly interacting field theories at finite N.

Shape deformations of charged Rényi entropies from holography

Charged and symmetry-resolved Rényi entropies are entanglement measures quantifying the degree of entanglement within different charge sectors of a theory with a conserved global charge. We use holography to determine the dependence of charged Rényi entropies on small shape deformations away from a spherical or planar entangling surface in general dimensions. This dependence is completely characterized by a single coefficient appearing in the two point function of the displacement operator associated with the Rényi defect. We extract this coefficient using its relation to the one point function of the stress tensor in the presence of a deformed entangling surface. This is mapped to a holographic calculation in the background of a deformed charged black hole with hyperbolic horizon. We obtain numerical solutions for different values of the chemical potential and replica number n in various spacetime dimensions, as well as analytic expressions for small chemical potential near n = 1. When the Rényi defect becomes supersymmetric, we demonstrate a conjectured relation between the two point function of the displacement operator and the conformal weight of the twist operator.

Transdiagnostic Associations With Interpersonal and Affective Variability in Borderline Personality Pathology.

Emotional and behavioral variability are unifying characteristics of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Ambulatory assessment (AA) has been used to quantify this variability in terms of the categorical BPD diagnosis, but evidence suggests that BPD instead reflects general personality pathology. This study aimed to clarify the conceptualization of BPD by mapping indices of variability in affect, interpersonal behavior, and perceptions of others onto general and specific dimensions of personality pathology. A sample of participants who met diagnostic criteria for BPD (n = 129) and healthy controls (n = 47) reported on their daily interactions during a 21-day AA protocol. Multilevel SEM was used to examine associations between shared and specific variance in maladaptive traits with dynamic patterns of functioning. The authors found that variability is an indicator of shared trait variance and Negative Affectivity, not any other specific traits, reinforcing the idea that BPD is best understood as general personality pathology.

Heat kernel estimates on spaces with varying dimension

We obtain sharp two-sided heat kernel estimates for some process whose regular Dirichlet form is strongly local on spaces with varying dimension, in which two spaces of general dimension are connected at one point. On these spaces, if the dimensions of the two constituent parts are different, the volume doubling property fails with respect to the measure induced by the associated Lebesgue measures. Thus the parabolic Harnack inequalities fail and the heat kernels do not enjoy Aronson type estimates. Our estimates show that the on-diagonal estimates are independent of the dimensions of the two parts of the space for small time, whereas they depend on their transience or recurrence for large time. These are multidimensional version of a space considered by Z.-Q. Chen and S. Lou (Ann. Probab. 2019), in which a 1-dimensional space and a 2-dimensional space are connected at one point.

EFIKASI DIRI GURU BK DALAM MELAKSANAKAN KONSELING KELOMPOK DENGAN PENDEKATAN REALITAS DI SMP INDRALAYA KABUPATEN OGAN ILIR

This study aims to determine the self-efficacy of BK teachers in implementing group counseling with a reality approach at Indralaya Middle School, Ogan Ilir Regency. This research method uses descriptive quantitative, the subject of this research is 20 BK teachers, namely the MGBK SMP/MTS group in Indralaya, Ogan Ilir Regency who participated in training in community service activities carried out by Guidance and Counseling Study Program Lecturers. The data was taken using a self-efficacy questionnaire distributed via google form. Data were analyzed using percentages. The results of this study indicate that in general, self-efficacy in implementing group counseling with a reality approach to BK teachers is included in the medium category, which tends to be high, there are 12 teachers (60%). Meanwhile, there are 5 teachers in the high category (25%), and there are 3 teachers in the low category (15%). While the results of the research specifically on the dimensions of self-efficacy of BK teachers on the dimension of difficulty level (level) there are 12 teachers (60%) with a moderate category tending to be high, in addition to 4 teachers with a high category (20%), then there are 4 teachers (20%) ), then on the strength dimension there are 5 teachers (25%) in the high category, there are 12 teachers (60%) in the moderate category tending to high, and there are 3 teachers (15%) in the low category. And then on the generalization dimension, there are 4 teachers (20%) in the high category, there are 11 teachers (55%) in the moderate category tending to be high, and there are 5 teachers (25%) in the low category.

ENTREPRENEURIAL SELF-EFFICACY AND BUSINESS SUCCESS OF ENTREPRENEURS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA: A PILOT STUDY

The entrepreneurial self-efficacy is generally considered to be an important determinant of the entrepreneurship as a career choice. Another stream of the research on entrepreneurial self-efficacy is focused on exploring the link between this construct and the entrepreneurs’ business performance. Present study tries to fill the gap within this research field in the Serbian context by examining the relations of the entrepreneurial self-efficacy of entrepreneurs operating in the Republic of Serbia to their business performance. The study explores the nature of the relationship between the entrepreneurs’ business success and their general entrepreneurial self-efficacy (captured by one holistic measure), but also between business success and different dimensions of the entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Results show that general entrepreneurial self-efficacy and different dimensions of this construct are positively correlated to business success both measured by net profit and by a composite indicator of business success. The exception is the entrepreneurial self-efficacy in finance which is negatively correlated to the composite index of business success. Nevertheless, in the majority of cases, the results show the existence of the hypothesized directions of the relationship.

Individual Dispositions and Situational Stressors in Competitive Sport: The Role of Stress Mindset in the Cognitive Appraisals Processes.

Personality has widely been documented to play an important role in the cognitive appraisal and stress processes. Emerging studies highlight the stress mindset as a new concept that could add to the understanding of individual differences in stress experiences. This study aimed to examine the relative contribution of Big Five personality dimensions and stress mindset in accounting for measures of cognitive appraisals of stress among the competing athletes. The study was conducted on a sample of 125 collegiate athletes of both genders who actively compete in sport. All the participants were regular undergraduate or graduate students at the Faculty of Kinesiology of the University of Zagreb. A questionnaire including demographic information about athletes and their sport career, stress mindset measure (SMM), situation-specific cognitive appraisal scale, sources of stress scale, and personality scale measured by IPIP-50 was administered in an online form using the Google Forms platform. Multivariate hierarchical regression procedures resulted in somewhat different predictor structures accounting for cognitive appraisals of threat, loss, and challenge, used as criterion variables. The set of Big Five personality dimensions and stress mindset measure proved to have a significant additive contribution to the explanation of each of the three cognitive appraisal criterion variances. The study results support the current body of literature suggesting a unique role of the stress mindset construct in explaining individual differences in cognitive stress appraisal among athletes above and beyond general personality dimensions.