General Demographic Characteristics Research Articles

Prospective association between perceived stress and anxiety among nursing college students: the moderating roles of career adaptability and professional commitment

BackgroundAnxiety may stay with nursing students throughout their internship and even persist afterwards. Although many studies have explored the effects of perceived stress on anxiety, the relationship between pre-internship perceived stress and post-internship anxiety levels has not been clarified. In addition, none had focused on the moderating roles of career adaptability and professional commitment between perceived stress and anxiety. This study aims to investigate the influence of pre-internship perceived stress on the post-internship anxiety level of nursing college students, and to analyze the moderating effects of career adaptability and professional commitment on their relationships.MethodsA longitudinal study design was employed. Full-time nursing college students from a Chinese medical university were recruited by convenient sampling. All surveys were conducted via Wen Juan Xing (www.wjx.cn), a widely used web-based survey platform in China. Two waves of surveys were collected in the pre-internship and post-internship periods, with an interval of one year. Among 823 nursing students recruited, 692 students completed all two waves of the survey (response rate: 84.08%). Participants completed a series of questionnaires examining general demographic characteristics, perceived stress, anxiety, career adaptability, and professional commitment both before and after the internship. The bias-corrected bootstrap technique of the Hayes PROCESS macro (Model 2) was used to test the moderation effect.ResultsPre-internship perceived stress was positively associated with post-internship anxiety (β = 0.474, p < 0.001). Career adaptability would mitigate the effect of perceived stress on anxiety (β = -0.009, p < 0.01, 95% CI = [-0.013, -0.004]), and this influence became stronger for nursing college students with higher levels of career adaptability. Instead, the professional commitment would enhance the effect of perceived stress on anxiety (β = 0.004, p < 0.05, 95% CI = [0.001, 0.009]).ConclusionsAdequate career adaptability was key to alleviating anxiety among nursing interns. Nursing educators and clinical nursing managers should pay attention to cultivating the career adaptability of nursing college students in order to help them successfully achieve identity transformation and career development. Meanwhile, it is crucial to guide them to develop appropriate professional commitment.

STRESS AND COPING SKILLS AMONG UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS- A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Objective: This study aims to assess the stress and coping skills among undergraduate medical students.&#x0D; Methods: A quantitative cross sectional study conducted from September to November 2022, in University College of medicine and dentistry, UOL. The participants were MBBS students of 1st year until final year. The data was collected by using three questionnaires: demographic form, suanprung stress test and COPE inventory and was analyzed by using SPSS25. Associated factors of stress were analyzed by Kruskal-wallis and chi square test.&#x0D; Results: Data was collected from 675/780 undergraduate medical students with a response rate of 86.5%. Female students responded (53%) in majority as compared to males (47%). According to the association between general demographic characteristics and coping strategies, gender, scores, religion, and illness have been found to have significant correlation with adaptive coping strategies. These demographic characteristics may influence how an individual responds to stress and may affect their ability to use adaptive coping strategies.&#x0D; Conclusion: Usually medical students have flexible coping skills. Adaptive coping mechanisms were significantly correlated with gender, education and health problem.&#x0D; Keywords: undergraduate; medical; stress; coping skills&#x0D; &#x0D;

Comprehension of acoustically degraded speech in Alzheimer's disease and primary progressive aphasia.

Successful communication in daily life depends on accurate decoding of speech signals that are acoustically degraded by challenging listening conditions. This process presents the brain with a demanding computational task that is vulnerable to neurodegenerative pathologies. However, despite recent intense interest in the link between hearing impairment and dementia, comprehension of acoustically degraded speech in these diseases has been little studied. Here we addressed this issue in a cohort of 19 patients with typical Alzheimer's disease and 30 patients representing the three canonical syndromes of primary progressive aphasia (non-fluent/agrammatic variant primary progressive aphasia; semantic variant primary progressive aphasia; logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia), compared to 25 healthy age-matched controls. As a paradigm for the acoustically degraded speech signals of daily life, we used noise-vocoding: synthetic division of the speech signal into frequency channels constituted from amplitude-modulated white noise, such that fewer channels convey less spectrotemporal detail thereby reducing intelligibility. We investigated the impact of noise-vocoding on recognition of spoken three-digit numbers and used psychometric modelling to ascertain the threshold number of noise-vocoding channels required for 50% intelligibility by each participant. Associations of noise-vocoded speech intelligibility threshold with general demographic, clinical and neuropsychological characteristics and regional grey matter volume (defined by voxel-based morphometry of patients' brain images) were also assessed. Mean noise-vocoded speech intelligibility threshold was significantly higher in all patient groups than healthy controls, and significantly higher in Alzheimer's disease and logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia than semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (all P < 0.05). In a receiver operating characteristic analysis, vocoded intelligibility threshold discriminated Alzheimer's disease, non-fluent variant and logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia patients very well from healthy controls. Further, this central hearing measure correlated with overall disease severity but not with peripheral hearing or clear speech perception. Neuroanatomically, after correcting for multiple voxel-wise comparisons in predefined regions of interest, impaired noise-vocoded speech comprehension across syndromes was significantly associated (P < 0.05) with atrophy of left planum temporale, angular gyrus and anterior cingulate gyrus: a cortical network that has previously been widely implicated in processing degraded speech signals. Our findings suggest that the comprehension of acoustically altered speech captures an auditory brain process relevant to daily hearing and communication in major dementia syndromes, with novel diagnostic and therapeutic implications.

Association of sleep duration and risk of frailty among the elderly over 80 years old in China: a prospective cohort study

Objective: To explore the association between sleep duration and the risk of frailty among the elderly over 80 years old in China. Methods: Using the data from five surveys of the China Elderly Health Influencing Factors Follow-up Survey (CLHLS) (2005, 2008-2009, 2011-2012, 2014, and 2017-2018), 7 024 elderly people aged 80 years and above were selected as the study subjects. Questionnaires and physical examinations were used to collect information on sleep time, general demographic characteristics, functional status, physical signs, and illness. The frailty state was evaluated based on a frailty index that included 39 variables. The Cox proportional risk regression model was used to analyze the correlation between sleep time and the risk of frailty occurrence. A restricted cubic spline function was used to analyze the dose-response relationship between sleep time and the risk of frailty occurrence. The likelihood ratio test was used to analyze the interaction between age, gender, sleep quality, cognitive impairment, and sleep duration. Results: The age M (Q1, Q3) of 7 024 subjects was 87 (82, 92) years old, with a total of 3 435 (48.9%) patients experiencing frailty. The results of restricted cubic spline function analysis showed that there was an approximate U-shaped relationship between sleep time and the risk of frailty. When sleep time was 6.5-8.5 hours, the elderly had the lowest risk of frailty; Multivariate Cox proportional risk regression model analysis showed that compared to 6.5-8.5 hours of sleep, long sleep duration (>8.5 hours) increased the risk of frailty by 13% (HR: 1.13; 95%CI: 1.04-1.22). Conclusion: There is a nonlinear association between sleep time and the risk of frailty in the elderly.

Association of parent-child relationship quality and problematic mobile phone use with non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents

BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury behavior (NSSI) is a common mental health threat among adolescents. Poor parent-child relationship (PCR) and problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) are risk factors for NSSI. We aimed to explore the impact of PCR quality, PMPU, and their interaction effects on NSSI among adolescents in China, as well as the sex difference.MethodA survey was conducted among school students in 4 provinces in China between 2017 and 2018. The study included 14,500 valid participants. The students’ general demographic characteristics was collected, and further data on PCR quality, PMPU, and NSSI were obtained through self-rated questionnaire. Chi-square test, binomial logistic regression models, and the Andersson Excel were used for data analysis.ResultsThe 12-month prevalence of NSSI was 27.3%. Lower PCR quality and PMPU were significantly associated with NSSI, respectively. The low PCR + yes PMPU group had the greatest association with NSSI, followed by the high PCR + yes PMPU group, low PCR + no PMPU group. Moreover, in low father-child relationship + yes PMPU group, females had a higher risk of NSSI than males; in high mother-child relationship + yes PMPU group, females had a higher risk of NSSI than males. Additive interaction analysis indicated that mother-child relationship quality and PMPU were associated with increased risks of NSSI, in the subgroup of males.ConclusionsThe findings underline the importance of simultaneously studying the quality of PCR and PMPU for a comprehensive understanding of NSSI behavior, and especially highlights the significance of maternal relationship quality.

Association of Remnant-like Particle Cholesterol with Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Subjects with Different Levels of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9: A 9.5-year Follow-up Study in a Beijing Community Population

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with different levels of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9). Methods: From September 2007 to January 2009, 1,859 subjects in Pingguoyuan communities in Beijing were initially screened. After excluding those with bedridden status, mental illness, severe systemic diseases, and missing data, 1,680 subjects were recruited for follow up. All recruited subjects were followed up from February 2013 to September 2013 (181 subjects were lost to follow-up) and from June 2017 to September 2018 (174 subjects were lost to follow up). Finally, 1,325 subjects were included in the study. General demographic characteristics, lifestyle and behaviors, disease history and use of medication was collected. Levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fast blood glucose, RLP-C, low-density lipoprotein triglycerides and PCSK9 were measured. The levels of RLP-C (low: RLP-C ≤ 157 mg/L; high: RLP-C &gt; 157 mg/L) and PCSK9 (low: PCSK9 ≤ 135.87 μg/L; high: PCSK9 &gt; 135.87 μg/L) were represented using quartiles. Subjects were categorized into 4 groups according to their RLP-C and PCSK9 levels: Q4, high levels of RLP-C with high levels of PCSK9; Q3, high levels of RLP-C with low levels of PCSK9; Q2, low levels of RLP-C with high levels of PCSK9; and Q1, low levels of RLP-C with low levels of PCSK9. The association of RLP-C with MACEs in subjects with different PCSK9 levels was evaluated. Results: After a median follow-up of 9.5 years, 1,325 subjects were included in the study and a total of 191 MACEs had occurred. The incidence of MACEs was higher in the RLP-C &gt; 157 mg/L group than the RLP-C ≤ 157 mg/L group (18.40% vs. 10.42%). Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that increased RLP-C levels were associated with an increased risk of MACEs (hazard ratio: 1.405; 95% confidence interval: 1.005–1.964; P &lt; 0.005). The incidence of MACEs was higher in the high RLP-C/PCSK9 group vs. the low RLP-C/PCSK9 group (20.68% vs. 8.76%). Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that RLP-C was associated with an increased risk of MACEs in subjects with high PCSK9 levels independent of traditional risk factors (hazard ratio: 1.791; 95% confidence interval: 1.168–2.825; P = 0.001), but not in those with low PCSK9 levels. Conclusions: RLP-C was identified as a risk factor for MACEs, particularly in subjects with high PCSK9 levels. Lowering PCSK9 levels may reduce residual risk in subjects with elevated plasma RLP-C levels.

Self-perception and anticipated efficacy of the anti-dementia multimodal program in 100 older adults with mild cognitive impairment.

Effective and sustainable interventions are clearly needed for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients. Despite the clinical importance of the multimodal intervention approach, only one study using a multimodal approach demonstrated promising improvements in memory, attention, and executive functions, which also correlated with functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) changes in cerebral activation in 50 MCI patients. To investigate the self-perception and anticipated efficacy of each element of the BRAIN-FIT multimodal intervention program (robotic-assisted gait training (RAGT), computerized cognitive therapy, music, light, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and diaphragmatic breathing exercises) and the correlation between memory, concentration, depression, and sleep in older adults with MCI. One hundred participants (mean±standard deviation: 8.63±78.4 years; 47 women) with MCI were recruited from a major university medical center and community dementia relief center. The survey questionnaire comprised four domains with 21 questions, including four pertaining to general demographic characteristics, eight related to exercise and activity, three related to sleep, and nine related to the BRAIN-FIT program. Chi-squared test was used to analyze the Likert scale data. The descriptive frequencies were calculated. Additionally, Spearman's rho statistics measure the rank-order association. The statistical significance was at P < 0.05. A strong correlation was observed between memory and concentration (r = 0.850, P = 0.000), memory and depression (r = 0.540, P = 0.000), memory and sleep (r = 0.502, P = 0.000), concentration and depression (r = 0.602, P = 0.000), concentration and sleep (r = 0.529, P = 0.000) and sleep and depression (r = 0.497, P = 0.000). The correlation between medical services and sleep (r = 0.249, P = 0.012) was moderate. The chi-square test revealed a significant difference in memory and low-intensity duration of exercise (χ2[3,N = 100] = 11.69, P = 0.01), concentration and high-intensity exercise duration (χ2[3,N = 100] = 10.08, P = 0.02), concentration with low-intensity exercise duration (χ2[3,N = 100] = 21.11, P = 0.00), depression with high-intensity (χ2[3,N = 100] = 10.36, P = 0.02), high-intensity duration of exercise (χ2[3,N = 100] = 10.48, P = 0.02); low-intensity (χ2[3,N = 100] = 7.90, P = 0.48), and low-intensity duration of exercise (χ2[3,N = 100] = 9.69, P = 0.02). Additionally, significant differences were observed between sleep and high-intensity (χ2[3, N = 100] = 10.36, P = 0.02), low-intensity (χ2[3, N = 100] = 18.14, P = 0.00), and low-intensity duration of exercise (χ2[3, N = 100] = 18.30, P = 0.00). Among the participants 5% answered RAGT, and 20% responded that they had experienced computerized cognitive therapy. Music therapy (20 %), diaphragmatic breathing exercises (45 %), and light therapy (10 %) were used. No patient had experienced tDCS. Conversely, 11% of the participants answered RAGT for programs they wanted to experience and 21% responded to computerized cognitive therapy. 25% of music therapy, 22% of diaphragmatic breathing exercises, 5% of light therapy, and 16% of tDCS participants said they wanted to experience it. Finally, 63% of the participants wanted to participate in the BRAIN-FIT program. The present study's results provide clinical evidence-based insights into the utilization of BRAIN-FIT in MCI to maximize cognitive score improvement of memory, concentration, depression, and sleep. Therefore, when designing the BRAIN-FIT, six intervention items were set in proportion to the preference based on the survey, to reduce participants' feeling of repulsion. The program was configured according to exercise intensity.

A survey on the current status of cognition of birth safety among married HIV-infected people aged 18-45 years

Objective: To understand the current status of fertility safety cognition among married HIV-infected people aged 18-45 years and to provide evidence for fertility safety intervention in HIV-infected families. Methods: Six districts in Chongqing and Zigong City in Sichuan Province were selected. A questionnaire survey was conducted among married HIV-infected people aged 18-45 years who were followed up from November 2021 to April 2022 to collect their general demographic characteristics, histories of sex experience, fertility intention, and knowledge of birth safety. Unconditional logistic regression and Poisson regression were used to analyze the factors affecting the cognition of birth safety. Results: A total of 266 HIV-infected people were included in the study; 58.3% (155/266) were women, and 48.9% (130/266) had fertility desire. The cognition rate of knowledge of birth safety was 59.4% (158/266). The cognition rate of women's knowledge of birth safety was 2.14 (95%CI: 1.25-3.66) times that of men's. The cognition rate of knowledge of birth safety among HIV-infected persons with a high school education level or above was 1.88 (95%CI: 1.08-3.27) times that of those with a low education level. The cognition rate of knowledge of reproductive safety among HIV-infected people with fertility intention was 1.88 (95%CI: 1.10-3.22) times that of those without fertility intention. The cognition rate of knowledge of birth safety among HIV-infected persons who received AIDS knowledge promotion and education was 9.06 (95%CI: 2.46-33.32) times that of those who did not. The cognition rate of measures of birth safety was 5.3% (14/266). The Poisson regression analysis showed no significant difference in the cognition rate of specific measures among gender, age, education and other factors. Conclusions: HIV-infected people aged 18-45 years and married with a spouse have a low awareness of birth safety, and there are risks of HIV transmission between couples and mother-to-child in the family. Targeted birth safety education and intervention should be strengthened to reduce HIV transmission.

Prevalence of inflammatory myopathies in Colombia: Demographic analysis from the National Health Registry 2012–2018

IntroductionUsing data from the Ministry of Health of Colombia, we performed an analysis of prevalence and general demographic characteristics of patients with inflammatory myopathies, with data from 2012 to 2018. Materials and methodsA descriptive cross-sectional study based on data from the Ministry of Health of Colombia. We used as key terms the diagnostic codes of the International Manual of Diseases related to the diagnosis of inflammatory myopathies. ResultsWe founded 12,401 individuals with a diagnosis of inflammatory myopathy and estimated an overall prevalence of 25.7 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. This diagnosis is more common in the age group of 65–69 years, and in the female population (64%), with a female-to-male ratio 1.79:1. In addition, we calculated a prevalence of 15.1 cases per 100,000 inhabitants for dermatomyositis and 7.3 cases per 100,000 inhabitants for polymyositis (based on a total population of 48,203). There is little information on the epidemiology of myopathies in Latin America, and records are essential to know their behaviour in populations. In Colombia, the Ministry of Health collects information from the health system, which has nearly universal coverage (around 95%). This information makes it possible to carry out epidemiological studies on different diseases. For the present study we analysed the available data on inflammatory myopathies in Colombia. ConclusionsThe present work describes for the first time the demographic characteristics of inflammatory myopathies in the Colombian population based on official data from the Ministry of Health, where the most frequent was dermatomyositis and a predominance in the female population was evidenced.

Study on the relationship between the age at natural menopause and postmenopausal metabolic syndrome

To explore the relationship between the early or delayed age at natural menopause and metabolic syndrome (MS) in women. A total of 4 734 natural menopausal women who completed the baseline survey from November 2017 to January 2020 in the Guangzhou Middle-aged and Elderly Chronic Disease Prospective Cohort Study were selected in this cross-sectional study. Data on general demographic characteristics, disease history and female physiological health indicators were collected. Logistic regression model and restricted cubic spline curve were used to analyze the relationship between the age at natural menopause and MS. The results showed that the mean age of the subjects was (60±6) years old. The median (Q1,Q3) age at natural menopause was 50 (49, 52) years old, and the prevalence of MS was 14.8%(699/4 734). After adjusting for confounders, the age at natural menopause was closely related to MS in an approximate"U"shape. Compared with the group of normal age at natural menopause, the early age at menopause (OR=1.52, 95%CI: 1.12-2.06) and delayed age at menopause (OR=1.77, 95%CI: 1.36-2.30) had a higher risk of MS. In the group with time since menopause ≤6 years and 7-9 years, the risk of MS in the group with delayed age at menopause was 2.40 times (95%CI: 1.54-3.75) and 2.19 times (95%CI: 1.11-4.31) higher than that in the group with normal menopausal age, respectively. In conclusion, the early and delayed age at natural menopause increased the risk of MS. The increased risk of MS in delayed age at natural menopause mainly occurred within 10 years since menopause.

The relationship between the quality of residential community in childhood and cognitive function of the middle-aged and older people in China

Objective: To examine the relationship between the quality of residential community in childhood and cognitive function of the middle-aged and older people in China. Methods: Based on the data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2011, 10 940 people aged≥45 years who met the criteria were included. The general demographic characteristics, lifestyle, personal disease history, quality of residential community and cognitive function of the subjects were collected by using standardized questionnaires. The quality of residential community in childhood included community safety, community enthusiasm and neighborhood relationship. The cognitive function was measured in cognitive integrity and episodic memory. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the quality of residential community in childhood and cognitive function of the middle-aged and older people. Results: The age of 10 940 subjects were (58.3±9.1) years old, with 51.5% (5 635) being female and 47.3% (5 174) having good cognitive function. The results of multivariate logistic regression model showed that compared with those who lived in an extremely unsafe, unenthusiastic and unharmonious community in childhood, there was an improvement in the cognitive function of the middle-aged and older people who lived in a relatively safe (OR=0.75, 95%CI: 0.57-1.00) and a safer (OR=0.72, 95%CI: 0.55-0.95) community, in a relatively enthusiastic (OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.56-0.85) and a more enthusiastic (OR=0.70, 95%CI: 0.57-0.87) community, and in a less harmonious (OR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.34-0.94), relatively harmonious (OR=0.52, 95%CI: 0.33-0.83) and more harmonious (OR=0.49, 95%CI: 0.31-0.79) community during their childhood. Conclusion: There is a significantly positive relationship between the quality of residential community in childhood and cognitive function of the middle-aged and older people.

Clinical Characteristics Combined with Craniofacial Photographic Analysis in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Distinguishing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in a high-risk population remains challenging. This study aimed to investigate clinical features to identify children with OSA combined with craniofacial photographic analysis. One hundred and forty-five children (30 controls, 62 with primary snoring, and 53 with OSA) were included. Differences in general demographic characteristics and surface facial morphology among the groups were compared. Risk factors and prediction models for determining the presence of OSA (obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea index>1) were developed using logistic regression analysis. The BMI (z-score), tonsil hypertrophy, and lower face width (adjusted age, gender, and BMI z-score) were showed significantly different in children with OSA compared with primary snoring and controls (adjusted p<0.05). The screening model based on clinical features and photography measurements correctly classified 79.3% of the children with 64.2% sensitivity and 89.1% specificity. The area under the curve of the model was 81.0 (95% CI, 73.5-98.4%). A screening model based on clinical features and photography measurements would be helpful in clinical decision-making for children with highly suspected OSA if polysomnography remains inaccessible in resource-stretched healthcare systems.

Analysis of the impact of Vlog news media form shaping on audience psychological immersion based on psychological experience process

BackgroundHow to enhance the psychological immersion of the audience is a major concern for the media at this stage. The psychological immersion of the audience not only affects the communication effect and influence of the media but also brings a more positive experience of reality to the audience. This project, therefore, analyses the psychological immersion of the audience based on the psychological experience process of shaping the media form of Vlog news.Subjects and MethodsIn this research, 228 college students were selected as the subjects of the experimental research. The mean age was 21.12±1.67 years, with 146 male students and 82 female students. The general demographic characteristics of all subjects were counted before the experiment and there were no significant differences (P &gt; 0.05). All subjects were divided into a control group and a research group in a completely randomized manner. The control group disseminated news through traditional means, while the research group used a Vlog news medium based on a psychological experience process to disseminate news. The immersion scale was assessed using the Igroup Presence Questionnaire (IPQ), which consists of 13 items, with questions 1-5 on the spatial presence (SP) dimension, questions 6-9 on the involvement (INV) dimension, and questions 10-13 on the reality (REAL) dimension. Each item was scored on a scale of 0 to 6, with 0 indicating total disagreement and 6 indicating total agreement.ResultsOn the IPQ scale, the mean score of SP dimension was 3.12 ± 0.34 in the control group and 4.87 ± 0.42 in the research group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P &lt; 0.05); the mean score of INV dimension was 2.53 ± 0.36 in the control group and 4.71 ± 0.38 in the research group, with a significant difference (P &lt; 0.05); the score of REAL dimensions was 2.98 ± 0.28 in the control group and 4.52 ± 0.41 in the research group, with a significant difference. and 4.52 ± 0.41 in the research group, with a significant difference (P &lt; 0.05). See Table 1 for details.Table 1.Comparison of IPQ scores between the two groupsItemControl groupResearch groupAverageStandard deviationAverageStandard deviationSP3.120.344.87*0.42INV2.530.364.71*0.38REAL2.980.284.52*0.41Note: * indicates P &lt; 0.05.ConclusionsBased on the psychological experience process, Vlog news media forms can increase the audience’s spatial immersion, psychological involvement, and authenticity experience. This increases the communication effect and influence of the media and has good research value.

Evaluation and Analysis of Elderly Mental Health Based on Artificial Intelligence.

The purpose is to understand the depression status of the elderly in the community, explore its influencing factors, formulate a comprehensive psychological intervention plan according to the influencing factors, implement demonstration psychological intervention, and evaluate and feedback the effect, so as to provide a reference for improving the mental health of the elderly. In order to make the output of different emotional data in LSTM more discriminative, a method to dynamically filter the output of LSTM is proposed. Combining the methods of Attention-LSTM, time-dimensional AI attention, and feature-dimensional AI attention, the best model in this paper is obtained. The multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on the elderly aged 60 and above in a certain area, including the general demographic characteristics questionnaire of the elderly, the self-rating scale of mental health symptoms, and the health self-management ability of adults. All data were entered into a database using Excel software, and SPSS 19.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis. Results/Discussion. The detection rate of depression (GDS ≥ 11 points) among the elderly in a community in a certain area was 39.38%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that family history of mental illness, more negative life events, decreased ability of daily living, living alone, and suffering from physical diseases in the past six months were the risk factors for depression in the elderly. Community health education can partially alleviate depression in the elderly. The detection rate and degree of depression of the elderly in the comprehensive psychological intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

The Association Between Unhealthy Weight Loss Behaviours and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents: a Cross-Sectional Study

Objective To analyse the relationship between unhealthy weight loss behaviours and depressive symptoms in adolescents through a cohort study to provide a reference for subsequent research.&#x0D; METHODS: From June to December 2021, two secondary schools in urban and rural Zhuhai were sampled using a stratified whole-group sampling method, and the Unhealthy Weight Loss Behaviour Questionnaire and the Depression Scale (CES-D) were used to investigate the weight loss behaviour and depressive symptoms of students aged 12 to 18 years. A total of 2834 study participants were included, including 906 (31.97%) male students and 1928 (68.03%) female students. The χ2 test was used to analyse the relationship between general demographic characteristics and depressive symptoms, and a dichotomous logistic regression model was used to analyse the relationship between unhealthy weight-loss behaviour and depressive symptoms.&#x0D; Results:Of the 2834 study participants, 2307 (81.40) were found to have unhealthy weight loss behaviours and 994 (35.74%) were found to have depressive symptoms. The results of the univariate analysis showed that different gender (χ2=29.94,P&lt;0.01), school type (χ2=3.82,P&lt;0.01), father's parenting style (χ2=96.81,P&lt;0.01), mother's parenting style (χ2=114.20,P&lt;0.01), academic stress (χ2=189.42,P &lt;0.01), and number of friends (χ2=162.81,P&lt;0.01) had different rates of detecting depressive symptoms in adolescents. Dichotomous logistic regression analysis showed that unhealthy weight loss behaviour was a risk factor for the detection of depressive symptoms in adolescents (OR=1.512, p&lt;0.01), and unhealthy weight loss level was positively associated with the detection of depressive symptoms.&#x0D; Conclusion Unhealthy weight loss behaviours were positively associated with depressive symptoms in Zhuhai adolescents.

Pre- and in-hospital delays in the use of thrombolytic therapy for patients with acute ischemic stroke in rural and urban Egypt.

Reducing pre- and in-hospital delays plays an important role in increasing the rate of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke. In Egypt, the IVT rate has increased steadily but is still far away from an ideal rate. The study aimed to investigate the factors associated with pre- and in-hospital delays of IVT among patients with acute ischemic stroke coming from urban and rural communities. This prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study was conducted from January 2018 to January 2019. Patients with acute ischemic stroke, who did not receive IVT, were included in the study. Patients were recruited from three large university stroke centers in Egypt, Assiut (south of Egypt), Tanta (north of Egypt), both serving urban and rural patients, and the University Hospital in Cairo (capital city), only serving an urban community. All participants underwent the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and full neurological assessment, urgent laboratory investigations, and computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging to confirm the stroke diagnosis. The patients were subjected to a structured questionnaire that was designed to determine the parameters and time metrics for the pre- and in-hospital delays among patients from rural and urban regions. A total of 618 patients were included in the study, of which 364 patients (58.9%) lived in rural regions and 254 (41.1%) in urban regions. General demographic characteristics were similar between both groups. Approximately 73.3% of patients who arrived within the therapeutic time window were urban patients. The time from symptom onset till hospital arrival (onset to door time, ODT) was significantly longer among rural patients (738 ± 690 min) than urban patients (360 ± 342 min). Delayed onset to alarm time (OAT), initial misdiagnosis, and presentation to non-stroke-ready hospitals were the most common causes of pre-hospital delay and were significantly higher in rural patients. For patients arriving within the time window, the most common causes of in-hospital delays were prolonged laboratory investigations and imaging duration. The limited availability of stroke-ready hospitals in rural Egypt leads to delays in stroke management, with subsequent treatment inequality of rural patients with acute stroke.

Effectiveness of Kurtosis-Adjusted Cumulative Noise Exposure in Assessing Occupational Hearing Loss Associated With Complex Noise.

Occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the most prevalent occupational diseases worldwide. Few studies have been reported on applying kurtosis-adjusted noise energy (e.g., kurtosis-adjusted cumulative noise exposure, CNE-K) as a joint indicator for assessing NIHL. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of CNE-K in assessing occupational hearing loss associated with complex noise in typical manufacturing industries. A cross-sectional survey of 1404 Chinese manufacturing workers from typical manufacturing industries was conducted. General demographic characteristics, noise exposure data, and noise-induced permanent threshold shifts (NIPTS) at 3, 4, and 6 kHz (NIPTS 346 ) were collected and analyzed. The role of kurtosis in high-frequency noise-induced hearing loss (HFNIHL) was also analyzed. The degree of overlap of the two logistic curves (i.e., between complex noise CNE-K and HFNIHL%, and between Gaussian noise CNE and HFNIHL%) was used to evaluate the effectiveness of CNE-K, using a stratified analysis based on age, sex, industry, or job type. The binary logistic regression analysis showed that in addition to age, sex, exposure duration, and Eight-hour Continuous Equivalent A-weighted Sound Pressure Level (L Aeq,8h ), kurtosis was a key factor influencing HFNIHL% in workers (odds ratio = 1.18, p < 0.05), and its odds ratio increased with an increase in kurtosis value. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that the contribution of kurtosis to NIPTS 346 was second to L Aeq,8h . Complex noise led to a higher risk of NIHL than Gaussian noise at frequencies of 3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz after adjusting for age, sex, and CNE ( p < 0.05). As kurtosis increased, the notch in the audiogram became deeper, and the frequency at which the notch began to deepen shifted from 3 to 1 kHz. The logistic curve between complex noise CNE-K and HFNIHL% nearly overlapped with that between Gaussian noise CNE and HFNIHL%, and the average difference in HFNIHL% between the two curves decreased from 8.1 to 0.4%. Moreover, the decrease of average difference in HFNIHL% between the two logistic curves was evident in several subgroups, such as male workers, aged <30 and 30 to 50 years, furniture and woodworking industries and gunning and nailing job types with relatively high kurtosis values. Kurtosis, as an indirect metric of noise temporal structure, was an important risk factor for occupational NIHL. Kurtosis-adjusted CNE metric could be more effective than CNE alone in assessing occupational hearing loss risk associated with complex noise.

Study of quality of life and its correlated factors in patients after lumbar fusion for lumbar degenerative disc disease.

In the present work, we aimed to explore the correlated factors of quality of life in patients receiving lumbar fusion for lumbar degenerative disc disease (DDD) in China. A total of 180 patients treated with lumbar fusion were included in the present study. Their general demographic characteristics, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scores, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ), and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (MOS SF-36) were collected and evaluated preoperatively and at 1 year postoperatively. There were significant improvements in scores of VAS, JOA, and quality of life of patients from preoperation to 1-year postoperation after lumbar fusion. Marital status, with or without children, education level, economic pressure, and social support had significant predictive effects on the physical health of patients undergoing lumbar fusion. Marital status, education level, and economic pressure had significant predictive effects on the mental health of patients undergoing lumbar fusion. Factors correlated with the physical health of patients after lumbar fusion included positive coping style, negative coping style, social support, age, education level (high school college), disease duration (5-10), suffering from other diseases (combined with two or more other disease) and the number of surgical segments (double and three or more). Factors correlated with the mental health included negative coping style, social support, age, education level (middle school and high school college) and the number of surgical segments (double and three or more). The results verify that these factors were correlated to the patient's quality of life after lumbar fusion. Emphasizing and selectively intervening these correlated factors can further improve the quality of life in patients receiving lumbar fusion for lumbar degenerative disc disease.

The association of serum folate and homocysteine on venous thromboembolism in patients with colorectal cancer: a cross-sectional study.

Venous thromboembolism is a common complication in patients with colorectal cancer who exhibit high homocysteine and low folate levels. However, whether venous thrombosis is the result of a direct effect of folic acid or the presence of a homocysteine-mediated mediating effect cannot be determined. This study aimed to explore the association and mediating effects of serum folate and homocysteine on venous thromboembolism in patients with colorectal cancer. This study included patients with colorectal cancer who were admitted to the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from May 2020 to May 2022. The patients' medical records were reviewed to collect information on general demographic characteristics, the prevalence of venous thromboembolism on admission, laboratory blood indices, serum folate, and serum homocysteine. SPSS 26.0 software was used for data collation and statistical analysis; the χ2 test was utilized for univariate analysis and unconditional logistic regression was applied for multivariate analysis. R 4.1.2 was used to perform the mediating effect test. A total of 236 colorectal cancer patients were investigated. The prevalence of colorectal cancer combined with venous thromboembolism was 15.3%; serum folate was <10.75 nmol/L in 25.4% of patients; and serum homocysteine was ≥22 µmol/L in 30.5% of patients. After controlling for confounding factors, the risk of venous thromboembolism was 2.48 times greater [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04 to 5.94] in patients with low serum folate (<10.75 nmol/L) than in those with high serum folate (≥10.75 nmol/L). Also, the risk of venous thromboembolism was greater in those with high serum homocysteine (≥22 µmol/L) [odds ratio (OR) =2.99. 95% CI: 1.11 to 8.08]. The mediating effect test showed no direct effect of serum folate on venous thromboembolism combined with colorectal cancer, and a full mediating effect of serum homocysteine between serum folate and venous thromboembolism combined with colorectal cancer, with a mediating effect value of 0.002 and a total effect value of 0.0054. Serum folate influences the formation of venous thromboembolism through serum homocysteine. It is recommended that the nutritional supplementation of patients be enhanced to control serum folate and serum homocysteine levels.

Unhealthy oral status contributes to the older patients with cognitive frailty: an analysis based on a 5-year database

BackgroundOral health is associated with the onset and deterioration of cognitive function and physical frailty, which can be improved with appropriate interventions. However, far too little attention has been paid to oral health status of elderly with cognitive frailty. The objective of this study was to investigate the oral health status and potential risk factors of elderly hospitalized patients aged 60 years or older with cognitive frailty.MethodsThe participants’ assessment data derived from the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment Database of hospitalized patients from The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Data were collected from April 2016 to December 2021. All participants underwent a face-to-face assessment conducted by professional evaluators. Physical frailty was defined by Fried’s criteria. Cognitive function was assessed by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). The cognitive frailty is characterized by the simultaneous presence of at least 1 Fried’s criteria and mild cognitive impairment according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition. The oral health was assessed according to 10-item Brief Oral Health Status Examination (BOHSE). The general demographic characteristics, BOHSE scores were compared between the cognitive frailty and non-cognitive frailty (control group). The score of BOHSE and ten items were included in the binary logistic regression analysis. The covariate characteristics were adjusted for a final model with a multivariate analysis.ResultsA total of 425 patients (245 females) with cognitive frailty and 491 patients (283 females) with non-cognitive frailty were enrolled in this retrospective study. Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in age, education level, living arrangement, diabetes, Body Mass Index (BMI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), depression between the two groups. The total BOHSE score of cognitive frailty was higher than that of the control group (4.35 ± 2.68 vs. 3.64 ± 2.60, Z = 4.07, P < 0.001). The average scores and the proportions of health changes and unhealthy states of tongue, mucosa tissue, gums, natural teeth, dentures, masticatory teeth and oral hygiene in cognitive frailty were greater than those of the control group (all P < 0.05). The binary logistical regression analysis showed that four or more natural teeth decayed or broken was independently associated with cognitive frailty after adjusting the age, gender, education level, living arrangement and BMI, PSQI, diabetes and depression (OR = 1.91, 95%CI: 1.20–3.07, P = 0.007). Additionally, while in the chewing position, those cases with a normal-occlusal-relationship number of less than 11 pairs had a higher risk of cognitive frailty than those with 12 pairs or more.ConclusionsThe oral health status of older hospitalized patients over 60 years with cognitive frailty was worse than that of patients with non-cognitive frailty. But only four or more natural teeth decayed or broken and a reduction in chewing pairs were independent risk factors for cognitive frailty.