General Chemistry Research Articles

Exploring the Concept of Valence and the Nature of Science via Generative Artificial Intelligence and General Chemistry Textbooks

Exploring the Concept of Valence and the Nature of Science via Generative Artificial Intelligence and General Chemistry Textbooks

Reported Awareness and Use of Pyridoxal-5'-Phosphate Supplementation in Alanine Aminotransferase and Aspartate Aminotransferase Assay Reagents: A Survey by the College of American Pathologists Clinical Chemistry Committee.

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) assay reagents are available both with and without supplementation with pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (P5P; the active form of vitamin B6), a catalytic cofactor required for their enzymatic reactions. Nonsupplemented assays may miss ALT or AST elevations in patients with vitamin B6 deficiency. To assess awareness and adoption of ALT and AST reagents that are supplemented with P5P. A 4-question survey about ALT and AST reagent supplementation with P5P was included in the College of American Pathologists General Chemistry and Therapeutic Drugs (C program) proficiency testing 2023 B mailing. Overall, 38% (1651 of 4304) of responding laboratories reported using ALT and/or AST reagent supplemented with P5P. P5P supplementation was more common for nonacademic hospital/medical center laboratories (44%; 713 of 1629) relative to other settings. Of the laboratories that reported not using P5P-supplemented reagents, few (5%; 141 of 2611) cited plans to convert in the future. Despite the availability of P5P-supplemented reagents from several major assay manufacturers, the most common stated barrier for adoption was that the laboratory's reagent manufacturer does not provide P5P-supplemented reagents. There is a lack of awareness of the existence and benefits of P5P-supplemented ALT and AST reagents. There is a need for ALT and AST assay manufacturers to clarify and standardize the P5P status of ALT and AST reagents.

Assessing the Chemistry ‘Cookbook’ Culture – Caribbean Tertiary Students’ Perceptions of Plagiarism in General Chemistry I Laboratory Reports

Assessing the Chemistry ‘Cookbook’ Culture – Caribbean Tertiary Students’ Perceptions of Plagiarism in General Chemistry I Laboratory Reports

Evaluation of the Open-Ended Green Chemistry Generic Comparison (GC)2 Prompt for Probing Student Conceptions about the Greenness of a Chemical Reaction.

One key limitation for assessing student knowledge of green chemistry is the lack of readily available assessments capable of eliciting reliable and valid data. Therefore, in this study we sought to evaluate the ability of a previously reported open-ended prompt [J. Chem. Educ.2019, 96 ( (11), ), 2410-2419. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.9b00277] to probe student conceptions about the greenness of chemical reactions. Responses to this prompt, which we titled the Green Chemistry Generic Comparison (GC)2 prompt, were collected from students enrolled in organic chemistry I and II lecture and laboratory courses (N = 642) and from students enrolled in general chemistry II lecture courses (N = 272). This prompt was found to be sensitive for detecting gains in green chemistry knowledge in pre- and post- conditions. Furthermore, psychometric analysis revealed that, while addressing certain green chemistry principles was well within the students' ability range, other principles exceeded that range. These findings indicate that this prompt provides a rapid and effective method for both measuring student knowledge and eliciting student conceptions of the green chemistry principles.

Diagnostic And Analysis Misconceptions In Learning Redox And Electrochemistry Topic In Chemistry Students

The research’s objective to know students misconceptions on redox and electrochemistry concept, the sources of students misconceptions, to avoid misconception by students worksheet. involved 30 students was studied general chemistry in chemistry department, Islamic State University of Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan. Instrument of the research is diagnostic test with three tier question to know misconceptions on students, interview sheet to know sources of misconceptions. The result of research are (1) It was founded that students had misconceptions on redox and electrochemistry concept with percentage 52.6% .(2) It was founded 3 sources that affect students misconceptions on redox and electrochemistry, that are Students, have wrong interpreted from books and teacher, Internet that has many unbelievable sources, Friends that have wrong concept and sharing to other students.

Item Analysis of Math-Up Skills Test (MUST) Questions After an Early Math Intervention: Student Performance in General Chemistry as a Function of Various Arithmetic Categories

Item Analysis of Math-Up Skills Test (MUST) Questions After an Early Math Intervention: Student Performance in General Chemistry as a Function of Various Arithmetic Categories

Introduction to Fluorescence in General Chemistry Using the Intercalation of Propidium Iodide with DNA

Introduction to Fluorescence in General Chemistry Using the Intercalation of Propidium Iodide with DNA

Fighting Noise with Noise: A Stochastic Projective Quantum Eigensolver.

In the current noisy intermediate scale quantum era of quantum computation, available hardware is severely limited by both qubit count and noise levels, precluding the application of many current hybrid quantum-classical algorithms to nontrivial quantum chemistry problems. In this paper we propose applying some of the fundamental ideas of conventional Quantum Monte Carlo algorithms─stochastic sampling of both the wave function and the Hamiltonian─to quantum algorithms in order to significantly decrease quantum resource costs. In the context of an imaginary-time propagation based projective quantum eigensolver, we present a novel approach to estimating physical observables which can lead to an order of magnitude reduction in the required sampling of the quantum state to converge the ground state energy of a system relative to current state-of-the-art eigensolvers. The method can be equally applied to excited-state calculations and, combined with stochastic approximations of the system Hamiltonian, provides a promising near-term approach to Hamiltonian simulation for general chemistry on quantum devices.

A tribute to Christo Balarew on the occasion of his 90th birthday

Abstract The eminent Bulgarian chemist Christo Balarew was born on June 23, 1934 in Sofia. He received his MSc degree in chemistry from the Sofia University. Balarew devoted many years of his life to the service of Bulgarian chemical science and education. For most of his life he worked at the Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. He was a scientist, teacher, public figure, member of a number of international organizations, editorial boards of scientific journals, organizing and scientific committees of international scientific forums.

Behind the Scenes of Teaching Green: An Iterative Approach to Curriculum Design and Implementation in the General Chemistry Laboratory

Behind the Scenes of Teaching Green: An Iterative Approach to Curriculum Design and Implementation in the General Chemistry Laboratory

Multi-representation Analysis of General Chemistry Books on Chemical Bonding Subject

This research is a preliminary study that focuses on multi-representation analysis of the chemical bonding topic in three general chemistry of text books. The analysis was carried out to find out how concepts are explained based on the three levels of chemical representation, especially on ionic and covalent bonding, which are the basis for further research in developing intertextual-based learning strategies. Analysis was carried out at the macroscopic-symbolic and sub microscopic-symbolic levels usingmulti-representation analysis table that was adopted from Gkitzia et al., 201 for three general chemistry books, that are 1) Whitten, K.W, et.al. (2014). Chemistry 10th edition. English: Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning; 2) Chang, R. (2010). Chemistry 10th edition. New York : The McGraw-Hill Companies; and 3) Silberberg, M.S, and Amateis, P.G. (2021). Chemistry: the molecular nature of matter and change 9th edition. New York : The McGraw-Hill Companies. The analysis results show that book: Silberberg, M.S, and Amateis, P.G. (2021). Chemistry: the molecular nature of matter and change 9th edition. New York : The McGraw-Hill Companies has the most complete macroscopic-symbolic and sub microscopic-symbolic representation levels on the four main concept labels of chemical bonding, so that they can become standard reference material in developing chemical representations that will be used in intertextual learning strategies.

Development and Implementation of a Research-Preparative General Chemistry Laboratory Course: Chemistry of Beverages

Development and Implementation of a Research-Preparative General Chemistry Laboratory Course: Chemistry of Beverages

From Plastic Models to Virtual Reality Headsets: Enhancing Molecular Structure Education for Undergraduate Students

The comprehension of molecular structure is pivotal in chemistry education. Over the past decade, Mahidol University International College has employed various teaching tools for the introductory chemistry laboratory class. This paper outlines our evolutionary shift from traditional tools, such as plastic and plasticine models, to the integration of computer software, and ultimately to augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) tools—specifically, MoleculARweb and MolecularWebXR developed by École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne researchers. In this paper, we detail the implementation of these tools in our classes and present the outcomes of student surveys. Our instructional focus encompasses VSEPR, Atomic Orbitals, Molecular Orbitals, Skeletal Formula, and Enantiomers. This paper not only serves as a model for educators in general chemistry at secondary school or university levels to incorporate technology into their classrooms but also showcases a collaborative endeavor between Swiss and Thai researchers.

Sustainability Learning: Project Based Learning Integrated Chemo-Entrepreneurship Approach to Understanding Chemistry and Interest in Entrepreneurship

This research aims to re-analyze how much influence the PjBL learning model integrated with the CEP approach has on students' learning outcomes and interest in entrepreneurship. This research used a pre-experimental design method through one group pretest - posttest design, which was carried out on 10 students in the first semester of the Agribusiness Study Program at Deli University, Sumatra. The data analysis instruments used were learning outcomes tests and questionnaires conducted before and after learning. The research results show that the N-gain is 0.84 with an increase in learning outcomes of 29.3%, this is because students can understand the material directly through project activities. In the interest in entrepreneurship which was tested through a questionnaire instrument, it was found that there had been an increase in the high category from 10.2% to 84.6% because through the integrated PjBL Model the CEP approach in the material studied was linked directly to entrepreneurial products, so that students became active and felt happy participating in activities. learning. Based on the results of research on the influence of implementing the PjBL Model integrated with the Chemo-Entrepreneurship (CEP) approach on students' understanding of chemistry and interest in entrepreneurship to determine the increase in learning outcomes in general chemistry lessons and students' entrepreneurial interest, it can be concluded that the application of the PjBL Model integrated with the CEP approach in chemistry learning can increasing students' understanding of chemistry and entrepreneurial interest.

Exploring the Inductive Effect through Computational Modeling: A General and Organic Chemistry Lab Experiment

Exploring the Inductive Effect through Computational Modeling: A General and Organic Chemistry Lab Experiment

A Counterstory to Deficit Narratives of “Underperformance” of Demographically Minoritized Students in General Chemistry

A Counterstory to Deficit Narratives of “Underperformance” of Demographically Minoritized Students in General Chemistry

Observation of a promethium complex in solution.

Lanthanide rare-earth metals are ubiquitous in modern technologies1-5, but we know little about chemistry of the 61st element, promethium (Pm)6, a lanthanide that is highly radioactive and inaccessible. Despite its importance7,8, Pm has been conspicuously absent from the experimental studies of lanthanides, impeding our full comprehension of the so-called lanthanide contraction phenomenon: a fundamental aspect of the periodic table that is quoted in general chemistry textbooks. Here we demonstrate a stable chelation of the 147Pm radionuclide (half-life of 2.62 years) in aqueous solution by the newly synthesized organic diglycolamide ligand. The resulting homoleptic PmIII complex is studied using synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations to establish the coordination structure and a bond distance of promethium. These fundamental insights allow a complete structural investigation of a full set of isostructural lanthanide complexes, ultimately capturing the lanthanide contraction in solution solely on the basis of experimental observations. Our results show accelerated shortening of bonds at the beginning of the lanthanide series, which can be correlated to the separation trends shown by diglycolamides9-11. The characterization of the radioactive PmIII complex in an aqueous environment deepens our understanding of intra-lanthanide behaviour12-15 and the chemistry and separation of the f-block elements16.

Exploring alternative assessments during COVID: Instructor experiences using oral exams

Research into conventional summative assessment methods, such as written exams, has been extensively documented in the literature. However, as academia evolves in response to changing dynamics, there is a growing demand for more robust summative assessment approaches. Oral exams have emerged as a noteworthy form of summative assessment with intrinsic formative qualities, enabling instructors to delve deeply into students’ comprehension within a meaningful learning framework. Considering the constraints imposed by the traditional written examination format during the COVID pandemic, two educators implemented oral assessments in their chemistry courses, one in general chemistry and the other in organic chemistry. This article presents a comprehensive account of their approach, course structure, rubrics, documentation procedures, and the challenges associated with implementing oral exams. Furthermore, the authors offer insights derived from perceived course outcomes, experiences, collaborative efforts, and reflections from this transformative process. Through candid exploration, this article delves into both the potential advantages and the hurdles associated with the adoption of oral exams in chemistry education. It serves as a valuable resource for educators seeking innovative assessment strategies.

What Makes a Grade? Harnessing Demographic and Supportive Factors to Predict General Chemistry I Completion

What Makes a Grade? Harnessing Demographic and Supportive Factors to Predict General Chemistry I Completion

Investigating Student Intrinsic Motivation Trends over One Semester in an Online General Chemistry II Course

Investigating Student Intrinsic Motivation Trends over One Semester in an Online General Chemistry II Course