Three different male and female super-specific types are distinguished according to variations in the mor - phology of the bulb and spermathecae within the genus Nemesia Audouin, 1826. Plotting the distributions of these sexual types on a map of the Mediterranean indicates the existence of geography-related sub-generic diversity in which the Nemesia fauna of the eastern Mediterranean differs markedly from that of the western Mediterranean. While the eastern Mediterranean Nemesia fauna is highly homogeneous, the fauna of the western Mediterranean is very diverse. The eastern and western Nemesia faunae appear to overlap in the central Mediterranean. Efforts to relate the specific bulb types to the particular types of spermathecae described here were only partly successful. The trapdoor spider genus Nemesia Audouin, 1826 is currently considered to be a potentially valuable model system for studies in evolutionary biology (Decae 2010, Arnedo pers. comm.). The fact that Nemesia exhibits high species diversity in the geographically confined region of the Mediterranean offers excep- tional opportunities for studies on local variation and speciation. Moreover, the common occurrence of Nemesia throughout the region, both on islands and continents, in a range of different habitats (from sandy shores to alpine heights and from semi-deserts to humid forests), its supposedly sedentary habits, its poor capacity for dispersal and its probably ancient origin, reveals the genus as a coherent sample of evolving lineages that offer highly prospective op- portunities for virtually all lines of biological research. Unfortunately, this potential for biological research into Nemesia is hampered by a lack of basic know- ledge. The taxonomy of Nemesia is poorly resolved and partly confused, the real species diversity cannot even be estimated and there is no good insight into the internal organization of the genus in terms of the possible existence of sub-generic groups. A basic problem is that classical spider taxonomy is exclusi- vely focused on morphological variation in preserved specimens, and that such variation is very difficult to observe in Nemesia. Study of the taxonomically most informative morphological structures - male and fe- male sexual organs and the spinnerets - has become common practice only very recently, which means that the whole taxonomical framework of the genus urgently needs revision. A productive first step might be to try recognizing Nemesia species groups based on the variation of the bulb and the spermathecae types, and matching the sexes. The recognition of evolutionary older sub-generic groups within Nemesia would have particular significance if it could be linked to the geographical dynamics of the Mediterranean; a region with a history of major geographical shifts (ager 1980) and dramatic geophysical events such as the Messinian salinity crisis (Krijgsman et al. 1999) and the formation of glacial refugia during the Pleistocene (meDail & DiaDema 2009). This paper is a first attempt to discover such geography-related sub-generic diversity within Nemesia.