Gender-based Difference Research Articles

Meta-Analysis of the Relationship between Perception of Organizational Justice and Gender in Educational Organizations in Türkiye

This study aims to examine the relationship between the perception of organizational justice and gender in educational organizations using the meta-analysis method. Additionally, the study explores the impact of moderator variables, including year, thesis/study type, field of study, participants, school type, and applied region, on the relationship between organizational justice perception and gender. The research begins with a comprehensive literature review that identified 883 academic theses. These theses were then screened based on inclusion criteria, resulting in 86 independent theses that met the criteria for meta-analysis. The meta-analysis encompassed a total sample size of 37,192, with 20,503 females and 16,689 males. The study findings indicate a significant gender-based difference in organizational justice, favoring men [k = 86, d = -0.062, 95% CI (0.096, -0.028), p < 0.05]. Additionally, the results show that the relationship between gender and organizational justice perceptions remains consistent across various moderators. Based on these findings, it is recommended that researchers conduct causally-determining studies, while educational administrators should focus on enhancing interactional, distributional, and procedural efforts to improve the perception of organizational justice, particularly among women.

Assessing the Association of Socio Demographic Factors with Dental Anxiety: A Cross Sectional Study at A Tertiary Care Hospital in Islamabad

Background: Dental anxiety among patients is a significant impediment leading to delayed or incomplete dental treatment. Understanding the determinants of dental anxiety is crucial, given the potential variations in causative factors across different regions due to cultural diversity and past dental experiences. In light of limited available data and cultural heterogeneity, this study aimed to explore the correlation between age, gender, educational level, socio-economic status, and residence with dental anxiety among patients seeking care at a teaching dental hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 375 patients attending a private teaching hospital was conducted, with dental anxiety assessed using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale. Exclusion criteria involved patients with known anxiety disorders or a history of intellectual disabilities. Results: The findings demonstrated a statistically significant gender-based difference in dental anxiety (p-value: 0.00), with a majority of females exhibiting anxiety levels ranging from moderate to extreme. Additionally, a significant association was observed between socio-economic status and dental anxiety (p-value: 0.03), revealing lower levels of dental anxiety among individuals from lower socio-economic backgrounds compared to those from middle and upper socio-economic strata. However, no significant differences were identified in dental anxiety concerning age, educational level, and residence (urban/rural). Conclusion: The study concludes that targeted anxiety reduction protocols should be prioritized for female patients and those belonging to the upper socio-economic status.

Z Kuşağı ve Influencer Etkileşiminin Dini ve Kültürel Değerler Kapsamında Değerlendirilmesi

Social media, where popular culture is created and strengthened, religious issues are discussed and people openly share their preferences, is a tool that directly affects young people today. Therefore, Generation Z is under the influence of influencers on social media tools more than family, values, religion and cultural education during adolescence. In light of all this information, the purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of intense influencer interaction created by Generation Z through social media tools on religious and cultural values. The importance of this research is to deepen the social understanding of the impact of Generation Z and influencer interaction on religious and cultural values and to develop a perspective on the subject. With the basic judgment that young people are the next generation, this issue is seen as important in terms of shaping the future. The method of the research is in-depth interview. In-depth interviews were conducted and data was collected with 15 Generation Z members who actively use social media and follow influencers. In-depth interviews were conducted in a semi-structured format. Within the scope of the study, 8 basic questions were determined and it was aimed to expand the answers by asking related questions depending on the answers given to these questions. These people were selected by simple random sampling and all of them are undergraduate university students. Gender and socio-economic status are not a means of discrimination within the scope of this research. However, 9 of the 15 people are female and 6 are male. Although all students reside in different provinces, they all continue their education at universities in Istanbul. Although socio-economic status was not prioritized in the study, it was deemed necessary for the individual to have a smart mobile phone and to interact with influencers by actively using social media tools. According to the results of the research, interviewees clearly stated that influencers' opinions are important to them. No significant differences based on gender were detected. The main gender-based difference here is the diversification and change of influencers followed. It is thought that social tastes and tastes based on gender are effective here. Interviewers also revealed that influencers share posts that are far from religious and cultural values. In particular, following non-Turkish influencers of this age group causes them to become alienated from their own culture and religion and admire foreign religions and cultures. As a result of all the interviews, it is possible to say that Generation Z, who follows influencers and actively uses social media, moves away from religious and cultural values and approaches their lives within the framework of more non-religious and popular culture elements. In general, when all the results are evaluated, individuals during the youth period, with the influence of social media and influencers, tend to remove religious elements from their lives and adopt a secular lifestyle by taking it as an example.

Outcomes of Patients with Liver Metastases from Colorectal Cancer who mostly Presented as Emergencies (Obstruction and Perforation) in a District General Hospital from 2014 to 2021

Abstract Background In the UK, District General Hospitals (DGH) play a pivotal role as primary sites for CRC diagnosis and staging, as many patients initially present as emergencies. However, patients with CRC-related liver metastases often require specialized management at tertiary facilities. Methods This study conducted a retrospective data collection in 2023, analysing anonymized CRC patient records from 2014 to 2021. The findings shed light on various aspects of CRC with liver metastases. Results Notably, a significant gender-based difference emerged, with males comprising 62.5% of the diagnosed patient cohort and females making up the remaining 37.5%. Anatomically, 27.08% of cases were localized in the rectum, while the majority (72.91%) occurred in the colon. A substantial proportion of patients were diagnosed at advanced T stages, with 81.25% categorized as stages 3 and 4, indicating locally advanced or metastatic disease. Conversely, 18.75% were identified at earlier T stages, stages 1 and 2. Diverse biological marker profiles showed: 33.3% dual KRAS/BRAF, 22.9% KRAS-only, 17.9% no markers. Patient management at tertiary care facilities encompassed diverse interventions, including surgical procedures (45.83%), chemotherapy (75%), and palliative care (25%). Survival outcomes were varied, with 35.41% achieving a commendable 3-year survival rate, 31.25% attaining a commendable 5-year survival rate, and 27.08% exceeding the 5-year milestone. However, 6.25% experienced survival limited to a year or less. Conclusion This study provides comprehensive insights into CRC with liver metastases, emphasizing the importance of early detection and personalized care, with potential for improved survival rates while acknowledging the complexities of managing this disease.

Information Seeking Anxiety Amongst Postgraduate Students of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana

This paper is envisioned to investigate the Information Seeking Anxiety (ISA) among postgraduate (masters’ and PhD) students of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. The Information Seeking Anxiety Scale (ISAS) developed by Erfanmanesh, et al., containing 47 statements representing ISA under seven components having Cronbach alpha values reported to be at 0.902, was used as a data collection tool. 108 students participated in the survey. About 70 % respondents experienced mild level of anxiety. The gender-based difference in ISA associated with ‘Computer and the Internet’ was found to be significant at .05 (t= 2,426), females being less anxious. The location of the students did not influence their ISA, and different components of the ISAS were found to be interrelated, affecting the overall anxiety level. Prevalence of low to severe levels of ISA amongst students mandated the need for planning and execution of well-prepared information literacy programmes.

Assessing the Influence of the Technology Acceptance Model on Social Media and eLearning Content Adoption: A Case Study of Colleges of Education in the Central and Western Zone of Ghana

This study investigated the impact of Perceived Usefulness (PU), Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), and Perceived Reliability (PR) on the attitudes of Colleges of Education (CoE) students regarding social media and their adoption of E-learning content. As digital tools become increasingly essential in education, this research explored how students’ perceptions of the utility, ease of use, and reliability of social media influence their attitudes and the adoption of eLearning content. The study also assessed gender differences in the impact of these factors on students and the implications of PR, PU, and PEOU of social media for eLearning content adoption. The research utilized a mixed-method approach that combined quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, with 391 diverse CoE students selected through multistage sampling. The quantitative phase measured PU, PEOU, PR, and Attitude as variables, establishing their relationships through statistical analysis. In the qualitative phase, in-depth interviews provided nuanced insights into students’ experiences and perceptions. The results demonstrated a positive and significant influence of social media’s PU, PEOU, and PR on Attitude, as well as on eLearning content adoption. Notably, there is no significant gender-based difference in the influence of PR, PU, and PEOU on attitude, although male values slightly exceed those of females. The research also explored the implications for increasing female participation in eLearning and the potential for replication using other technology acceptance models. Educators, institutions, and developers can leverage the findings of this research to improve the design and implementation of digital tools, ultimately enhancing the educational experience for CoE students. Keywords: Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Perceived Reliability, Social Media, eLearning, Content Adoption.

Abstract 18920: Left Atrial Function is Associated With Left Ventricular Mass in Women With Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Late Gadolinium Enhancement on Cardiac MRI

Introduction: Myocardial fibrosis detected by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac MRI may be related to conditions with increased left ventricular (LV) mass and diastolic dysfunction. Women have an increased incidence of LV diastolic dysfunction and poorer clinical outcomes compared to men. Aim: To examine gender-based associations between LV mass and left atrial total emptying fraction (LATEF), a surrogate for diastolic function, in patients with LGE on cardiac MRI. Methods: We analyzed 134 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac MRI and LGE sequences on a 1.5T GE scanner. LV mass and LV/LA volumes (indexed by BSA) were measured offline from cine SSFP images using Precession software. Presence of LGE was reported. Nonparametric analyses were performed. Results: 40 patients with more than mild mitral regurgitation, pericardial disease, or LVEF <50% were excluded. 94 patients studied (49% women) had a median age of 51 years [IQR 38-67] with no gender-based difference. Median LV mass index (LVMi) for all patients was 69.5 g/m2 [IQR 57-82] and was higher in LGE vs no-LGE patients (p<0.001) and higher in men vs women (p<0.05). Median LATEF for all patients was 0.50 [IQR 0.41-0.54] and was lower in LGE vs no-LGE patients (p<0.001) with no gender-based difference. LVMi had a strong inverse correlation with LATEF for all patients and for the LGE group (r=-0.58, p<0.001 and r=-0.51, p<0.001 respectively). LVMi had a very strong inverse correlation with LATEF (r=-0.74, p<<0.001) in women with LGE and moderate inverse correlation in women with no-LGE (r=-0.45, p=0.02). LVMi had a moderate inverse correlation with LATEF in men with LGE (r=-0.48, p. <0.01) and no correlation in men with no-LGE (Figure). Conclusions: LA function inversely correlates with indexed LV mass, most strongly in women with LV LGE. Further exploration of these parameters may allow earlier detection of LV diastolic dysfunction and improved risk stratification.

Exploring Gender-Neutral Self-Confidence Levels in Adventure Sports Participants: A Comparative Study

This study aimed to assess and compare the levels of self-confidence among male and female athletes participating in Cross-Country Mountaineering (CCM) and Skiing (SK) activities. A total of 40 subject were selected from Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Mountaineering and Allied Sports (ABVIMAS) Himachal Pradesh, with equal representation from each gender within both CCM and SK categories. Self-confidence levels were measured using the SCI-RG questionnaire, and statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA. The results revealed a significant gender-based difference in self-confidence levels, with males exhibiting higher self-confidence than females. These findings support existing research on gender disparities in sports-related self-confidence and suggest that various sociocultural, psychological, and sport-specific factors may contribute to these differences. Future investigations should further explore these factors to enhance support for athletes in both CCM and SK, irrespective of their gender, in their pursuit of optimal performance and personal growth.

Pre-service Teachers' Perception of Renewable Energy Sources: A Case Study of Düzce University

This research was conducted to examine pre-service teachers’ perception of renewable energy sources, tendency to use renewable energy and opinions about the future use of renewable energy sources and to investigate whether they have basic knowledge about renewable energy sources. To this end, the Renewable Energy Perception Scale, a 5-point Likert scale, was administered to a total of 755 pre-service teachers in the Science Teaching and Primary Teaching Departments in the Education Faculty of Düzce University. The scale has three sub-dimensions, namely “Renewable Energy Knowledge”, “Renewable Energy Future Vision”, and “Renewable Energy Tendency”. In the whole scale and its sub-dimensions of “Renewable Energy Knowledge” and “Renewable Energy Tendency”, it was found that the pre-service primary teachers had a statistically significantly better perception of renewable energy sources than the pre-service science teachers. Also, younger participants were found to have a statistically significantly better perception in the “Renewable Energy Tendency” sub-dimension. There is a statistically significant gender-based difference in the “Renewable Energy Future Vision” sub-dimension. On the other hand, no significant gender-based difference was found for the whole scale and the other sub-dimensions. This study shows the importance of examining pre-service teachers’ perception of renewable energy in terms of their better teaching these sources to their future students.

Junior high school students’ views of nature of science: evidence from a private school in Davao Region, Philippines

ABSTRACT Understanding nature of science (NOS) is integral to the development of students’ scientific literacy. While NOS studies are growing worldwide, none of these reported on the views of secondary school learners in the Philippines. Hence, this study examined the Filipino junior high school (JHS) students’ views of the NOS and determined whether significant differences existed when these views were analysed according to gender and grade level. Through convenience sampling, a total of 173 JHS students from a private school in Davao Region, Philippines, participated in this study. Employing a convergent parallel mixed method design, data were collected using the Student Understanding of Science and Scientific Inquiry questionnaire. Analyses of quantitative and qualitative data revealed that the sampled JHS students did not have well-informed views of various NOS aspects. Mainly, students held transitional views of most NOS tenets. Further analysis showed that a significant gender-based difference only existed in the imaginative and creative aspect while, significant grade level-based differences were only noted among Likert responses of students in the tentative and observation and inferences aspects of NOS.

Gender and urban poverty in India

Poverty is a product of various deprivations. Gender discrimination is linked with deprivation in terms of socio-economic and political opportunities. This study explores the link between female-headship of a household and its vulnerability towards urban poverty. Further, the most vulnerable sub-sections among the urban female-headed households are identified. The study is based on the 68th round of Household Consumer Expenditure, and Employment and Unemployment Survey, India. Female-headed households were found to have higher odds to be urban poor as compared to their male counterparts. However, this gender-based difference in odds to be urban poor disappears once educational attainment of household-head is controlled for. This highlights that the discrimination in terms of educational attainment is major cause and solution to urban poverty among female-headed households. Further, female-headed households are not a homogeneous group and exhibit significant differences in their vulnerability to urban poverty across different socio-economic and demographic sub-groups. The negative impact of COVID-19 pandemic on female education in India is expected to create a long-term gender gap in terms of poverty. Thus, the public policy should stress on skill and educational attainment of females and target the poverty alleviation programmes on vulnerable sub-section of the female-headed households.

Gender-Based Variation in The Academic Performance of Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: To determine the gender-based variation in the academic performance of medical students. Methodology: This cross-sectional was carried out from January to February 2023. The students were taught two Physiology and two anatomy lectures, then after a month, the theory BCQs test of a total of 150 marks and viva-voce and OSPE of 150 marks (Total 300 marks) from the same taught topics, was conducted. The gender-based difference in the grade of students was tested using the Chi-Square test. Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 23.0. Results: Among (n=290) students, 117(40.34%) were male students while 173(56.66%) were the female students. Among the 117 male students, the mean±sd of total marks was 164.8 ±38.67 out of a total of 300 marks, while among the 173 female students, the mean±sd of total marks was 181.50±30.90 out of a total of 300 marks. There was a statistically significant difference in the score of students based on gender (p<0.01). Conclusion: According to this study's findings, there was notable gender discrepancies among undergraduates and female students performed much better academically than male students, as indicated by the cumulative grade point average they earned at the university. There was a statistically significant difference in the score of students based on gender (p<0.01).

Gender-Based Variation in The Academic Performance of Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: To determine the gender-based variation in the academic performance of medical students. Methodology: This cross-sectional was carried out from January to February 2023. The students were taught two Physiology and two anatomy lectures, then after a month, the theory BCQs test of a total of 150 marks and viva-voce and OSPE of 150 marks (Total 300 marks) from the same taught topics, was conducted. The gender-based difference in the grade of students was tested using the Chi-Square test. Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 23.0. Results: Among (n=290) students, 117(40.34%) were male students while 173(56.66%) were the female students. Among the 117 male students, the mean±sd of total marks was 164.8 ±38.67 out of a total of 300 marks, while among the 173 female students, the mean±sd of total marks was 181.50±30.90 out of a total of 300 marks. There was a statistically significant difference in the score of students based on gender (p<0.01). Conclusion: According to this study's findings, there was notable gender discrepancies among undergraduates and female students performed much better academically than male students, as indicated by the cumulative grade point average they earned at the university. There was a statistically significant difference in the score of students based on gender (p<0.01).

Gender differences in two-dimensional and three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography left ventricular measurements among healthy preschool pediatric population

BackgroundSpeckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) is an upcoming echocardiographic modality to measure global as well as segmental left ventricular systolic function expressed numerically as strain values independent of angle and ventricular geometry. We conducted this prospective study on 200 healthy preschool children with structurally normal hearts, to determine gender-based differences in two-dimensional (2D) global longitudinal strain (GLS) and three-dimensional (3D) GLS.ResultsAge-matched 104 males and 96 females were included, 2D GLS results for the males showed longitudinal strain ranging from − 18.1 to − 29.8 with a mean of − 21.7202 ± 5.094322, while for females 2D GLS ranged from − 18.1 to − 30.7 with a mean of − 22.0646 ± 2.167802, also 3D GLS values were measured and compared based on gender, where 3D GLS in males ranged from − 18 to − 24 with a mean value of 20.49 ± 1.28, while for females ranged from − 17 to − 30 with a mean value of 20.47 ± 1.755. The gender-based difference for both 2D GLS and 3D GLS showed non-significant P values.ConclusionIn healthy subjects below 6 years, 2D STE and 3D STE values showed no difference between males and females, unlike the adult population, to the best of our knowledge, this is one of the few studies in the literature that aims at comparing these measurements in the healthy pediatric group. In routine clinical practice, these values may be used to assess myocardial function or the early signs of malfunction.

Paper 14: Is the Use of a Postoperative Hip Orthosis Beneficial Following Routine Arthroscopy of the Hip? A Retrospective Cohort Study

Objectives: Treatment of intra- and extra-articular pathologies of the hip via arthroscopy continues to gain popularity. To date, the impact of routinely bracing patients postoperatively on patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) and re-operation rate has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a difference in PROMs and re-operation rate for patients who were braced versus those who were not braced following routine hip arthroscopy. Methods: This was a retrospective review of 193 patients who underwent hip arthroscopy from 2018 to 2021 by two orthopedic surgeons at a single institution. 101 patients prior to July 1, 2019 were immobilized in a hip orthosis following hip arthroscopy whereas 92 patients after July 1, 2019 were not. Baseline patient reported outcomes in the form of visual analog pain scale (VAS), modified Harris Hip Score (M-HHS), single assessment numeric evaluation (SANE) hip scores, VR-12 physical score, VR-12 mental score were obtained for all patients in both cohorts and postoperatively repeated at two weeks, four weeks, three months, six months, one year, and two years. Additionally, results were stratified by gender to assess gender-based difference. The groups were then compared to evaluate for a difference in PROMs over time. T-tests or Wilcoxon ranked-sum were utilized to compare these groups depending on normality of the data. Comparisons of categorical demographics such as age and gender between bracing groups were assessed using chi-squared tests. Re-operation rate was compared between the two groups using the Fischer Exact Test. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05 for all analyses. Results: After analyzing a cohort of patients who were braced and a cohort who were not braced postoperatively, no significant difference (p>.05) in PROMs at two weeks, four weeks, three months, one year or two years was detected for VAS, mHHS, SANE, VR-12 Physical and VR-12 Mental. No significant difference in reoperation rate was detected for the braced vs the non-braced cohort (p=.105). Demographics were not significantly different regarding gender distribution (p=0.418) and age (p=0.087) between groups. Conclusions: The findings above suggest the use of an orthosis after routine hip arthroscopy does not improve patient reported outcomes or alter the reoperation rate. Postoperative bracing increases perioperative cost and by foregoing routine bracing, patients may avoid associated morbidity that can come with wearing a brace for a prolonged period of time. The results of this project will help to guide clinical decision making as it pertains to whether to use a postoperative hip orthosis following routine hip arthroscopy.

The gender gap in the ownership of promising land

Using millions of observations compiled from the public administrative data of Taiwan, we find a surprising gender inequity in terms of real estate: Men own more land than women, and the annual rate of return (ROR) of men's land outperform women's by almost 1% per year. The latter finding of gender-based ROR difference is in sharp contrast to prior evidence that women outperform men in security investment, and also suggests a quantity-and-quality double jeopardy in female land ownership which, given the heavy weight of real estate in individual wealth, has important implications for wealth inequality among men and women. Our statistical analyses suggest that such a gender-based difference in land ROR cannot be attributed to individual-level factors such as liquidity preferences, risk attitudes, investment experience, and behavioral biases, as described in the literature. Rather, we hypothesize parental gender bias-a phenomenon that is still prevalent today-to be the key macrolevel factor. To test our hypothesis, we partition our observations into two groups: an experimental group in which parents can exercise gender discretion, and a control group in which parents cannot exercise such discretion. Our empirical evidence shows that the gender difference with respect to land ROR only exists in the experimental group. For many societies with long-lasting patriarchal traditions, our analysis provides a perspective to help explain gender differences in wealth distribution and social mobility.

Morphometric analysis of foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, and foramen rotundum of human skull using computed tomography scan: a cross-sectional study.

A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging at BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Nepal using a purposive sampling method. We included 96 adult patients (≥18 years) who underwent CT scan of the head for any clinical indications. All those participants below 18 years, inadequate visualization or erosions of skull base foramina, and/or not consenting were excluded. Appropriate statistical calculations were done using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 21. The P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mean length, width, and area of FO was 7.79±1.10mm, 3.68±0.64mm, and 22.80±6.18mm2, respectively. The mean length, width, and area of FS was 2.38±0.36mm, 1.94±0.30mm, and 3.69±0.95mm2, respectively. Similarly, the mean height, width, and area of FR was 2.41±0.49mm, 2.40±0.55mm, and 4.58±1.49mm2, respectively. The male participants had statistically significant higher mean dimensions of FO and FS (P<0.05) than the female participants. There were statistically insignificant correlations of dimensions of these foramina with age and between the left and right side of each foraminal dimensions (P>0.05). The sex-based difference in dimensions of FO and FS should be clinically considered in evaluating the pathology of these foramina. However, further studies using objective assessment of foraminal dimensions are required to draw obvious inferences.

The evolution of women ophthalmologists in India.

The evolution of women ophthalmologists in India.

Rating gender stereotype violations: The effects of personality and politics

The Gender Stereotype Effect in language comprehension refers to the increased processing load that occurs when comprehenders encounter linguistic information that is incongruent with their understanding of gender stereotypes; for example, upon encountering the pronoun he in the sentence The maid answered the phone because he heard it ring. We investigate the Stereotype Effect using appropriateness and correctness ratings and ask whether it is modulated by individual differences in participants' personality and political ideology. Results from this study indicate that the Stereotype Effect can be replicated in an offline paradigm and that the Effect is specific to a discourse character's gender: sentences describing male agents fulfilling stereotypical female roles were rated lower in both appropriateness and correctness than sentences describing female agents fulfilling stereotypical male roles. Further, more open, conscientious, liberal, and empathetic individuals were more sensitive to the character gender-specific effect, rating stereotype incongruent sentences, particularly female role-male pronoun pairings, lower than congruent ones. Overall, these results point to certain individual differences being associated with differences in the strength of stereotype perception, indicating the possibility that these individuals use more top-down language processing, where comprehenders higher on these scales might be able to make more use of extra-linguistic, sociocultural factors in their language comprehension. Additionally, the results indicate a character gender-based difference in sociocultural stereotypes.

Association of metabolic syndrome with depression in US adults: A nationwide cross-sectional study using propensity score-based analysis.

The association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with depression has been previously reported; however, the results are ambiguous due to imbalanced confounding factors. Propensity score-based analysis is of great significance to minimize the impact of confounders in observational studies. Thus, the current study aimed to clarify the influence of MetS on depression incidence in the U.S. adult population by using propensity score (PS)-based analysis. Data from 11,956 adults aged 20-85 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database between 2005 and 2018 were utilized. Using 1:1 PS matching (PSM), the present cross-sectional study included 4,194 participants with and without MetS. A multivariate logistic regression model and three PS-based methods were applied to assess the actual association between MetS and depression incidence. Stratified analyses and interactions were performed based on age, sex, race, and components of MetS. After PSM, the risk of developing depression in patients with MetS increased by 40% in the PS-adjusted model (OR = 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.202-1.619, P < 0.001), and we could still observe a positive association in the fully adjusted model (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.172-1.596, P < 0.001). Regarding the count of MetS components, having four and five conditions significantly elevated the risk of depression both in the PS-adjusted model (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.341-2.016, P < 0.001 vs. OR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.626-2.699, P < 0.001) and in the fully adjusted model (OR = 1.56, 95 CI%: 1.264-1.933, P < 0.001 vs. OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.458-2.486, P < 0.001). In addition, an elevation in MetS component count was associated with a significant linear elevation in the mean score of PHQ-9 (F =2.8356, P < 0.001). In the sensitivity analysis, similar conclusions were reached for both the original and weighted cohorts. Further interaction analysis revealed a clear gender-based difference in the association between MetS and depression incidence. MetS exhibited the greatest influence on depression incidence in US adults, supporting the necessity of early detection and treatment of depressive symptoms in patients with MetS (or its components), particularly in female cases.