The bile duct obstruction is well described as the possible complication of IBD. Since, the pentadecapeptide BPC 157 has finished the second phase of clinical trials for IBD therapy, we assess its effect onto the IBD complications. The previous studies have shown pentadecapeptide BPC 157 effective in healing colocutaneous fistulas (J Pharmacol Sci, 2008), gastrocutaneous fistulas (Dig Dis Sci, 2009). Therefore we suggest it as possible agent in therapy of colocutaneous fistulas at condition of bile duct ligation. 40 male Wistar Albino rats under deep anesthesis underwent surgical procedure. A colocutaneous fistula was created (J Pharm Sci, 2008). At the same act the bile duct ligation was performed at 20 rats in order to cause bile duct obstruction. The animals were randomly assigned into two groups ; half of them were in control group that was treated with saline (5mL/kg, i.p.), while the other received pentadecapeptide BPC 157 (10µg/kg). The treatment was once daily, the first dose was applied immediately after the operation and the animals received the last dose 24h before sacrifice. At the end of each experimental period (2 days, 6 days ) the animals were sacrificed and the biomechanical, functional, macroscopic and microscopic assessment were performed. In animals that underwent the bile duct ligation the healing of anastomosis was impaired in comparison to other animals without bile duct ligature. On the second postoperative day the majority of animals treated with the pentadecaptide BPC 157 started to defecate through anus, while the control animals defecate through fistula. At the sixth postoperative day the control were able to sustain only a small volume of water without leakage through fistula, while the animals treated with BPC 157 sustained larger volume. At the animals treated with pentadecapeptide BPC 157 the diameters of fistula were diminished , at both external and internal sides of fistula. The controls developed jaundice and the liver enzymes were raised, which was not found in animals treated with pentadecapeptide BPC 157. The bile duct ligation has impaired the healing of colocutaneous fistulas. The pentadecapeptide BPC 157 has provided sufficient healing of colocutaneous fistulas and reduced the jaundice the same as liver enzyme raised levels caused by bile duct ligation.