Solar energy is one of the most well-known renewable energies in the world, which can be directly used as heating source or can be converted to other sources of energy, like electricity. In this paper, the main technology of solar energy named solar photovoltaic will be discussed. Solar Photovoltaic utilizes the property of semiconductor, talking mainly about silicon in this project, to realize this technology. This is widely used as crystalline PV cells, thin film PV, and other PV technology (such as multi-junction PV cells and concentrating systems). The cost of power from PV plants has decreased globally around years but it still needs to reduce capital cost for countries lacking sunlight. In comparison to other renewable or non-renewable energy producing methods, PV has probably a smaller environmental effect. In normal operation, PV emits no gaseous or liquid contaminations and no radioactive substances, but people still need to strengthen the recycle of old silicon cells to avoid the leakage of toxic substances. The global photovoltaic market has increased rapidly in recent years, and it will also keep this increase in the future. The purpose of this project is giving a basic understanding of photovoltaics in these areas.