Currently, in the Republic of Uzbekistan, unlike the economies of a number of border countries, such as Tajikistan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the oil and gas industry, which includes enterprises engaged in the production of hydrocarbons, their processing at various levels, supply and sale to consumers, is one of the leading sectors of the country’s economy. To support the oil and gas industry in organizing the extraction and production of goods with high added value, it is necessary to create long trade and production chains for advanced processing of raw materials, the formation of large production associations that make it possible to benefit from economies of scale in production. In this article, the contribution of the oil and gas complex industry to the country's economy, the areas of activity are considered on the example of the joint-stock company «Uzbekneftgaz», which is the leader in the field. The position of society in the market and the existing risks in financial and economic activity are considered on the basis of SWOT analysis. We conducted a small analysis of the current situation in the oil and gas market, assessed the activities of one of the leading national companies in the region and the indicators of its development. In our opinion, this analysis allows us to see the development and improvement of companies from a development point of view. Keywords: environmental; SWOT analysis; liquidity; investments; net profit; expenses; rating agencies; hydrocarbon reserves.