Electrography Research Articles

Corona discharge photography of human breast tumour biopsies.

Corona discharge photography of human breast carcinoma biopsies was directly compared with normal adjacent breast tissue from the same patient by photographing the samples simultaneously with a split grounding electrode. Samples were immersed in saline and adjusted to the same weight to ensure identical conditions and to eliminate moisture and pressure artifacts. Tumour samples always showed an increased corona discharge intensity and contained characteristic regions of high intensity light as compared with normal tissue. The technique may therefore be useful as a new non-invasive diagnostic technique for early detection of surface tumours. The results are discussed in terms of a possible contribution of ultra-weak photon emission since this technique gives similar results to those reported here.

Kirlian photography—an appraisal

The technique of Kirlian photography is described and the variables-that could affect the Kirlian image are investigated. By use of a standardized technique which eliminates variables, it is possible to detect differences in the mental or physical well-being of the subject as a result of different sweat rates and sweat composition. Further research into the sweating process is likely to enhance the usefulness of the Kirlian image.

Kirlian-type images and the transport of thin-film materials in high-voltage corona discharges

High-voltage-radiation photographs, otherwise known as Kirlian photographs, are normally obtained as contact prints on photographic film or paper. However, the same kind of images can be formed by high-voltage corona discharges on bulk dielectrics and on thin films of various materials deposited on glass substrates. The transport of thin-film materials has been observed, accompanied by the formation of droplets in the case of oily films. Moisture released by objects of living and unanimated matter is directly recorded on some thin films.

Forum, Letter, and Book Review

The photographic recording of high-voltage electric fields is accomplished in several ways, and it is variously called by several names as well, including radiation-field photography, electrography, high-voltage photography, klydonography, corona-discharge photography and most recently, Kirlian photography.

Image modulation in corona discharge photography.

Photographic images obtained by the Kirlian technique are principally a record of corona activity during an exposure interval. Most of the variations in the images of the corona of a living subject who is in contact with the photographic film can be accounted for by the presence of moisture on or within the subject's surface. During exposure, moisture is transferred from the subject to the emulsion surface of the photographic film and causes an alteration of the electric charge pattern on the film, hence the electric field at the surface of the subject. As a result, large variations in the density of corona images, corona streamer trajectories, and image coloration can be brought about. The radial extent of corona images--that is, the range of corona streamers--is an inverse function of the resistance in the circuit formed by the high-voltage supply, the subject, and the film-electrode configuration. This is because the voltage at which corona is initiated is dependent on the rate of rise of the voltage impressed between the subject and the electrode, and the rate of rise is governed by the applied voltage waveform and the voltage drop across the resistance. The range of streamers is proportional to the corona onset voltage. However, we have not seen any influence of large changes in skin resistance on streamer range. Presumably, this is due to the shunting effect of skin capacitance. In general, the photographic response to moisture suggests that corona discharge photography may be useful in the detection and quantification of moisture in animate and inanimate specimens through the orderly modulation of the image due to various levels of moisture.

Lichtenberg figures of corona discharge at low frequencies

Corona discharge from metal teeth has been studied at frequencies up to 40 kHz. From the Lichtenberg figures, the length and the density of streamers are shown to decrease with increasing frequency. At the low-frequency end, the cathode streamers are more intense than the anode streamers, while at the high-frequency end, the reverse is true. For the same total discharge time, shorter pulses produce stronger streamers than the longer ones. In all cases tested, glass spacer was found to enhance the streamer intensity more than other media. The implications of the above results in Kirlian photography, plasma panel display, and laser excitation are discussed.

Digestion Process of Dionaea muscipula as Analyzed with Kirlian Photography

Digestion Process of Dionaea muscipula as Analyzed with Kirlian Photography

Marmalade and transcendental meditation

A good project should make a student enthusiastic about physics and projects are now generally considered to be an important part of an undergraduate course in physics. At Surrey University some of the multidisciplinary aspects of physics studied have included the analysis of lead in paintflakes from Victorian tenement buildings, the Kirlian effect and Kirlian photography, and measurement of breathing rates in transcendental meditators.

Explaining Kirlian Photography

Explaining Kirlian Photography

Sentics, Kirlian Photography, and Psychosomatic Illness

Sentics, Kirlian Photography, and Psychosomatic Illness

Seek Light on Kirlian Photography

Seek Light on Kirlian Photography

Corona discharge photography

Using short (∼ 100 μsec) pulses of rf (1 MHZ) applied to parallel electrodes in air at small electrode spacings (∼ 250 μ) and at an applied field of ∼ 106 V/cm, discharges from both biological and metallic electrodes occurred from a network of points in the electrode surface. These discharges were recorded photographically. Multiple pulses lead to a superposition effect such that a uniform corona exposure appeared on the film. Some effects of electrode material, spacing, and orientation are presented. The results are found to be completely explicable in terms of the ``streamer'' phenomenon of corona discharge. In fact, the wide variety of color effects observed in ``Kirlian'' photography can be accounted for by this mechanism.

エレクトログラフィー

エレクトログラフィー

Depth Electrography

Depth Electrography

A new multilead electrode for intracerebral electrography in man

A new multilead electrode for intracerebral electrography in man

Electrography Applied to the Examination of Electrodeposits

Electrography Applied to the Examination of Electrodeposits