Gas Condensate Field Research Articles

Research of numerical indicators for the development of the Asselskaya area of Orenburg oil and gas condensate field using the material balance method

The purpose of this work is to analyze and forecast the development indicators of the Assel deposit of Orenburg oil and gas condensate field. To complete this task, a large amount of data is required, which was obtained from the technological development project. The calculation is performed using a program written in the Python programming language. The variables for the material balance equation are given, some of them are calculated using intermediate formulas. The average values of the parameters over the last 15 years of development were chosen as the optimized parameters, since small amounts of cumulative production in the first years of development can lead to a significant error in the calculation of the material balance equation. Also, a comparison was made of the estimated forecast for the development of the Assel deposit with the forecast, according to the state plan, presented in the field development project. The comparison was made on the main parameters: cumulative oil production, annual oil production, oil recovery factor and water cut. For a visual comparison of the calculated parameters, dependency graphs are presented that reflect the forecast made by the material balance method, as well as the forecast based on the data of the state plan. The difference in the behavior of the curves shown on the graphs can be explained by the inaccuracy of the parameters describing the reservoir, as well as the inaccuracy of determining the initial recoverable reserves. This is also affected by the difference in reservoir drawdowns for injection and production wells, proposed in the state plan and in the forecast. Of course, the inaccuracy of the injectivity and productivity coefficients of wells, which were selected based on the estimated volumes of water injection and oil production, also affects. Based on the calculation performed, it can be concluded that it is expedient to further exploit the Asselskaya area of Orenburg oil and gas condensate field with the introduction of a reservoir pressure maintenance system until 2079. According to the forecasts, the water cut equal to 96% will be achieved in 2079, while the oil recovery factor will be 0.427.

Improved saturation-pressure relationship and multiphase pseudo-pressure calculations for retrograde gas reservoir production under boundary-dominated flow

For reservoirs containing fluids with complex flow characteristics, the calculation of multiphase pseudo-pressure plays a significant role in production data analysis (PDA) practices. In the case of retrograde gas reservoirs/gas condensate reservoirs under multiphase flow conditions, the lack of a reliable and complete saturation-pressure (So-p) relationship presents a significant challenge in obtaining the appropriate value of multiphase pseudo-pressure. Gas condensate reservoirs are one of the viable and lower-emission hydrocarbon sources for meeting the ever-increasing global energy demand. The economic value of producing gas condensates has inspired numerous research into employing innovative production techniques in developing gas condensate fields. Hence, this study proposes an improved saturation-pressure relationship alongside a Fractional Phase Mobility (FPM) criterion to mitigate potential errors in the multiphase pseudo-pressure calculation for gas condensate reservoirs under boundary-dominated flow. This work introduces an improved So-p relationship derived using a Rescaled Constant Volume Depletion (CVD) method for estimating multiphase pseudo-pressures. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, we provide direct comparisons with the Classical CVD method and numerical simulation results for multiple gas condensate cases subjected to constant and variable bottomhole pressure (BHP) schedules. In contrast to the classical approach, the Rescaled CVD method consistently delivers superior performance for multiphase pseudo-pressure estimations across all cases, thus supporting its potential as a robust and accurate approach for gas condensate reservoir modeling.

Development of Oil and Gas Condensate Fields

In the world, with the development of science, brand new technologies are being created to generate energy resources (e.g., hydrogen energy, electric car, etc.). These inventions will reduce the consumption and cost of hydrocarbon resources. This leaves oil and gas resource producers with only one option – accelerated development of oil and gas fields with low capital investment. This monograph is devoted to the development of oil and gas fields in a short period of time with a reduction in the volume of drilling operations and well quality by at least 50%. The developed technology of simultaneous split operation will give an impetus to volumetric production of hydrocarbons, accelerated field development and reduction of capital investments, as well as lead to the production of all recoverable and non-recoverable reserves from the subsoil. This monograph also delves into the technological aspects of operating wells in the Altyguyi gas condensate field. The scientific work examines the operational and technological aspects of hydrodynamic and thermohydrodynamic studies. To support this research, patents for invention No. 643 and 644, dated January 6, 2015, were obtained (application numbers 14/101317 and 15/101320). These patents cover the “Simultaneous method of separate and joint operation of several productive horizons by one chink and device for its realization” and the “Method of dual oil and gas production from one well in a multizone”. Based on the findings of the conducted analyses, studies, and calculations, the implementation of the intensification of the gas condensate field using the oil and gas DC method by one well is justified. This approach represents a first in global practice and aims to reduce capital investments and accelerate development.

Slickline-Deployed Fiber-Optic Cable Provides First Production Profile for High-Temperature Gas Well

_ This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 215512, “Slickline-Deployed Fiber-Optic Cable Provides First-Ever Production Profile for High-Temperature Gas Well,“ by Stuart Berry, SPE, Expro, and Danu Dirya, SPE, and Graeme Cowie, SPE, TotalEnergies, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. _ Distributed fiber-optic sensing (DFOS) allowed the continuous gathering of flow-profile information from a high-temperature, high-rate gas well. The objective of the case study described in the complete paper is to demonstrate that thermal inversion modeling can be used to produce a production-flow profile in an environment where conventional production logging is not possible. As a result of deploying DFOS, data can be acquired at more-realistic rates. Through performing of thermal inversion of distributed temperature sensing (DTS) data and analysis of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) data, a more-accurate flow profile was achieved. Introduction Culzean is a high-pressure/high-temperature gas condensate field in the central North Sea. The main productive interval for the field is the Triassic Joanne sandstone deposited in a semiarid continental fluvial environment. The Jurassic Pentland sandstone deposited by meandering fluvial systems also contains significant resources. Initial reservoir pressure was 936 bar; the temperature was 170°C. The development consists of six production wells, five from the Joanne and one from the Pentland. While the reservoir interval is relatively thick, the depositional environment created a very layered reservoir with significant variability in reservoir quality. Flow-profile data over the reservoir has traditionally been acquired using production-logging tools with spinner velocity and pressure and temperature measurements. Production-log deployment can be problematic in high-rate wells, particularly when tubing is restricted because of pipe deformation or deposits in the tubing. In the Culzean field, several wells were selected for flow-profile monitoring. Previous slickline operations indicated that conventional production logging would be ineffective. Modeling showed significant tool-lift risk, meaning that the well could only be flowed at approximately 25% of its normal operating rate. A previous attempted production-logging campaign in the well resulted in no valid data acquisition but incurred a direct cost of $700,000 and a deferral of 10 days production estimated at a cost of $10.8 million. An alternative acquisition method was investigated to obtain production-profile data while minimizing risks associated with conventional production-log deployment. DFOS provides a continuous measurement over the entire length of the well for temperature and acoustic noise. A high-temperature slickline DFOS wire could allow Culzean well data acquisition under flowing conditions. Technology Selection Data acquisition was divided into a shut-in phase and a flowing phase. For the shut-in phase, a simplified production-logging toolstring was used to measure any crossflow over the reservoir section. The flowing phase would consist only of DAS data over the reservoir section, with a simple pressure/temperature memory tool in the sump of the well. The DFOS data would gather shut-in data before opening the well up to flow. For the conventional tool shut-in string, an inline caged spinner was selected.

Оценка зоны интенсивного испарения газоконденсата при выбросах на мелководных скважинах

The paper reviews the approach of assessing mechanisms and factors determining the formation of a gas condensate spill from a shallow underwater emergency discharge at a gas condensate field. The researcher determine spatial and temporal formation scales of an intense evaporation zone for the characteristic flow rates of underwater wells, necessary for assessing the area of increased gas contamination in which it is impossible to carry out emergency recovery measures. They establish that the radial flow in the area where the gas-liquid plume exits the sea surface determines the size of the intense evaporation area; at low values of wind speed and currents, it depends on the well flow rate, gas factor and fractional composition of the oil product. The researchers have carried out calculations using the SPILLMOD model and the evolution model of a characteristic Lagrangian element in the spilling region.

Distribution of stable Н, О and С isotopes in natural waters in the area of the Taz oil and gas condensate field (Yamalo-Nenets autonomous region)

Relevance. The study of isotopic composition of water and dissolved substances makes it possible to determine not only their genesis, but also the fractionation processes occurring in the “water–rock–gas–organic matter” system over time, i. e. as different stages of the evolution of water composition pass through. Interest in the groundwater of the Arctic regions of Western Siberia is additionally associated with the widespread occurrence of oil deposits at the depths of formation waters and the possible influence of cryogenic metamorphization processes on composition of near-surface waters. Aim. To study and compare the isotopic composition of oxygen, hydrogen and carbon in natural waters of the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous region to identify conditional isotopic markers, as well as to be able to trace the evolution of the isotopic composition of waters along a vertical section in the area of the Taz oil and gas condensate field. Objects. Surface (river, soil and lake), underground waters of the active water exchange zone of the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous region and formation waters of oil and gas deposits of the Taz field. Methods. The study of the isotopic composition of oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon of water-dissolved carbon dioxide was carried out in the Research Equipment Sharing Center at the Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS using Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer FinniganTM MAT 253 equipped with H/Device and GasBench II for sample preparation. Results and conclusions. The paper introduces the data on isotopic composition of O, H and C for natural waters of the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous region. The authors have determined the characteristic trends in changes in the isotopic composition of water and dissolved carbon dioxide for various water bodies. Surface and underground waters with active water exchange in terms of isotopic composition (δD and δ18О) are infiltration. As water moves down the section, with an increase in the time of interaction of the “water–rock” system and increase in temperatures, the isotopic composition becomes significantly heavier with a slope from the GMWL to the right. The authors compiled the diagram of the evolution of water-dissolved carbon isotopic composition in the region according to the obtained and some literature data. Despite the wide range of δ13C values from –30.4 to 23.6 ‰, there are, obviously, only two sources of carbon dioxide in the region: biogenic and atmospheric, with biogenic being predominant for groundwater.

APPLICATION OF FRACTAL GEOMETRY TO STUDY STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF GAS FLOWS

Due to insufficiently efficient gas drying at processing units for gathering and preparing well products, a sufficient amount of liquid may remain in the transported flows. During the transportation products from gas condensate fields from platforms to onshore gathering points, complications arise due to precipitation of the liquid phase or, conversely, gas separation in the moving flow. In this regard, the selection of an adequate transportation mode and pipe-line diameter is of great scientific interest. The presence of a liquid phase, on the one hand, can change the structural forms of flow through the pipeline, and on the other hand, liquid can accumulate in low sections of the route and thereby reduce the capacity of the pipeline. The liquid phase also accelerates corrosion processes on the inner surface of the pipeline. In connection with the above, early diagnosis of the presence of a liquid phase in gas flows transported through main pipelines remains relevant today and requires the development of appropriate criteria. In this work, based on real measurements in sections of the main gas pipeline, was studied the dynamics of the gas flow’s main thermodynamic parameters (flow temperature and pressure). Based on the conducted research, was identified a stable relationship between the presence of liquid in the gas flow and the fractal dimension of time series for temperature, flow and pressure. The result is a relatively simple tool for diagnosing the presence of liquid in transported flows. Keywords: gas pipeline, gas-liquid flows, structural forms of flow, fractal dimension.

Assessment of the industrial emissions impact on the quality of atmospheric air in the Burlin district of West Kazakhstan region DEVELOPMENT

The article is devoted to the study of air pollution in the Burlin district of the West Kazakhstan region, where one of the main sources of air pollution is the Karachagan oil and gas condensate field, the main feature of which is the high content of hydrogen sulfide in natural gas from 4 to 4.3%. The analysis showed that the atmospheric air state in the specified area is determined by the characteristics of harmful emissions sources, composition, volumes of pollutant emissions and climatic characteristics of the territory, which determine the conditions for the polluting components dispersion. The qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the chemical composition of the atmospheric air in the study area, as well as the features of their changes over the years end climatic seasons, are largely determined by emissions of nitrogen oxides, carbon, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, volatile organic compounds and inorganic dust into the atmosphere by oil and gas facilities. The anthropogenic influence of industry in this area is also evidenced by the calculated value of the integral coefficient of air pollution. At the same time, industrial enterprises, having increased the anthropogenic impact on the environment, have the ability to prevent negative environmental consequences. The system of industrial environmental control of the chemical composition of industrial emissions at the Karachagnak field facilities is carried out on an ongoing basis. The analysis showed that a reduction in emissions and, accordingly, a reduction in ground-level concentrations of air pollutants at the Karachagnak field facilities is ensured by a whole range of technological and organizational measures, among which the technology of high-pressure gas reinjection deserves special attention. It necessitates the need to carry out systematic work to study the ecological state of the territory of the Karachagnak field, using not only ground-based research methods, but also modern geoinformation and aerospace technologies that make it possible to dynamically assess the changes taking place, conduct a geo-ecological assessment and make a forecast for the development of the environmental situation in this area. territories. The work carried out contributes to further analysis of the regional assessment of the environmental state of the atmosphere of large industrial centers.

On new prospects for petroleum and gas capability of Paleozoic sediments of the Karpovski projection

The article presents the geological data of recent years – the results of seismic exploration and deep drilling, which allow us to make new constructions of the model of the structure of the Paleozoic sedimentary complex of the northern side zone of the Caspian basin. In the historical development of the Caspian sedimentary basin, multiple geotectonic collisions have been observed, leading to transgressions and regressions of the Paleocean, as well as erosion of accumulated sedimentary strata, as well as interruptions in sedimentation. In the northern side zone, the determining influence of the structural sedimentation factor affected the age-varying carbonate ledges of the Karachaganak carbonate platform of the Aksaiblock, the Teplov-Tokarev zone of the Karpovsky tectonic ledge. Most of the oil, oil and gascondensate and gas condensate fields identified in the subsalt complex of the north of the Caspian Basin are associated with these zones. A comparative comparison of the deposits of the instrument zones of the Caspian basin has shown a fundamental difference in the conditions of accumulation of productive horizons, which lies in the nature of the location and in the significant variability of the filtration and capacitance properties of formations in natural reservoirs. The presence of deep-submerged carbonate structures is predicted in the deep part of the depression, on the slopes of carbonate platforms. Prospects for the detection of organogenic structures in the inner part of the paleobasin are assumed on the eastern extension of the Karpovsky ledge of the foundation and inside the Pogodaevo-Ostafyevsky trough, where, according to the results of 2D and 3D seismic surveys, promising structures Cretaceous, Orlovskaya and a number of others have been identified.

Serum calcium and magnesium levels and quality of life in environmentally exposed populations in Kazakhstan.

The relationship between the levels of essential elements and various aspects of well-being in environmentally exposed populations still needs to be better understood. The present study aims to investigate the potential connections between serum concentrations of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and quality of life (QoL) in environmentally exposed populations in Kazakhstan. The present study involved 1881 nominally healthy individuals aged 18-52 years who were permanent residents of Abay, Borodulikha, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kurchum, Uralsk, Aksay, and Berezovka settlements. These settlements were selected to represent different types of environmental exposure: radioactive fallout from the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (SNTS), non-ferrous metallurgy, and the condensate gas field, compared to environmentally unexposed territories. The Russian version of the SF-36 questionnaire was used to assess the participants' quality of life. Serum Ca levels were measured using colorimetry with O-cresolphthalein, and serum Mg concentrations were measured using colorimetry with xylidyl blue. Both elevated and decreased serum Ca levels were more frequently observed in the environmentally exposed populations. The prevalence of hypermagnesemia was highest among residents near the condensate gas field. Environmentally exposed populations residing near the SNTS and in Ust-Kamenogorsk exhibited lower scores in some QoL domains. In contrast, people near the condensate gas field showed comparable or even higher QoL scores than the control population. Only serum Mg demonstrated a significant association with the average QoL scores, while Ca did not show such an association. These findings have important implications for public health interventions.

Modeling and designing the features of inflow to a horizontal gas borehole fitted with coiled tubing within the filtering interval

Relevance. The need to study the parameters of inflow (permeability rates, production inflow profile, flow rate along the horizontal wellbore) into the horizontal gas and gas condensate wellbores, when tubing is at the downhole zone. This allows scheduling well production rates, managing removal of water and mechanical impurities from the bottom-hole, carrying out well stimulation and completion activities, etc. Aim. To substantiate a mathematical model of the perforated horizontal gas borehole when the tubing shoe is within the perforation interval, as well as to calculate gas inflow parameters, flow rate along the wellbore and fluid permeability rates at the bottomhole zone of the wellbore. Object. Horizontal gas and gas condensate boreholes in anisotropic formations, methods for calculating gas inflow into perforated strings of horizontal boreholes, gas inflow rates and flow rates along the wellbore when tubing shoe is within the perforation interval. Methods. Modeling gas inflows into horizontal wellbores using a point source function, as well as the Leibenzon function; the use of local and hydraulic resistances theory in simulation of developing gas flow along the wellbore; determining gas inflow rates into the horizontal wellbore using the Reynolds number value. Results. The authors have carried out design calculation for the Bovanenkovskoe oil and gas condensate field using the model of gas inflow into a perforated horizontal (sloping) wellbore and analyzed the inflow parameters (flow velocity and permeability rates at the bottomhole zone, developing flow velocity along the wellbore) at various tubing shoe positions within the wellbore perforation interval. It was observed that when the tubing moves along the perforation interval the gas inflow to the wellbore can change from linear to non-linear. The authors made a conclusion that whenever extended periods of tubing positioning within the perforation interval is required, it is essential to select a low-pressure area which ensures a linear rate of gas inflow into the wellbore of a horizontal gas well.

METHODS FOR INCREASING THE CONDENSATE RECOVERY COEFFICIENT WHEN DEVELOPING GAS CONDENSATE FIELDS

This article will discuss methods for increasing the condensate recovery coefficient and the concept of condensate recovery. Gas condensate is a cold hydrocarbon reservoir that includes natural gas as well as liquid hydrocarbons, often in the form of liquid condensate. During reservoir extraction, liquids are mixed from mixtures of light hydrocarbons (eg methane, ethane, propane) and denser liquid hydrocarbons (known as condensates). Gas condensates are found in underground reservoirs, where temperature and pressure conditions allow the gas to condense into liquid form as it moves from the formation to the surface. Such situations are often observed in tanks where there is a combination of increased pressure, high temperatures and a specific gas composition. The condensate production indicator from the reservoir describes the level of gas condensate extraction from gas condensate and oil and gas condensate fields. A distinction is made between instantaneous condensate production (determined at a certain point in time) and final production (at the end of commercial exploitation of the field). To quantify condensate production, the condensate production indicator is used - this is the ratio between the given definition of condensate and the reserves taken from the reserves of the field based on its study (expressed as a percentage or fraction of units). This indicator is used to extract recoverable condensate reserves. In addition, it is taken into account when developing a project for a gas condensate or oil and gas condensate field, taking into account the efficiency of the technology used. The completeness of condensate removal in some cases determines the reasonableness of developing the selected system. The main features of the behavior of gas condensate systems are associated with the corresponding phenomena reflected in the phase diagrams of reverse condensation and evaporation. These features lead to the fact that when the pressure in the gas condensate system decreases to a level below the saturation pressure, condensation of heavier hydrocarbons (condensate) occurs. If the pressure in the gas condensate formation during development is maintained at the initial level (or the pressure at the beginning of condensation), then phase transitions occur only in the formation zones adjacent to the well. This requires taking into account changes over time, such as changes in filtration characteristics in the bottomhole zones of wells. When developing a gas condensate field to the point of depletion, condensate begins to fall out everywhere in the reservoir. However, the condensate that falls often has little effect on the gas saturation coefficient of the entire formation. Consequently, when developing a gas condensate field until depletion (with a low condensate content in the gas), filtration flows can be considered as single-phase, since the precipitated condensate remains motionless. Low condensate saturation of the formation leads to slight changes in its capacitive and filtration characteristics. In the zone of the bottomhole space of the formation, two-phase filtration occurs. Keywords: gas, gas condensate, heavier hydrocarbons, dew point, the condensate recovery coefficient.

Monitoring and elimination of intercasing pressure

Background: The appearance of intercasing pressure in many cases is associated with inadequate quality of primary cementing. Despite the fact that many studies are aimed at preventing problems of primary cementing, at improving the quality of well completion, it should be noted that the problem of intercasing pressure at existing gas and gas condensate wells is increasing.
 Aim: The purpose of this work is to study and eliminate wells with intercasing pressure at the Amangeldy gas condensate field.
 Materials and methods: This paper presents the procedure for preparing the well and carrying out the elimination of intercasing pressure, as well as the chemical components of cementing slurry.
 Results: The conducted studies and measures on wells No.121; No.105; No.103 and No.101 showed a positive result and the effectiveness of the composition of cementing slurry.
 Conclusion: The presented technology for the elimination of intercasing pressure and the composition of the cementing slurry can be widely used in many fields of Kazakhstan.

Integration of advanced technologies to improve the efficiency of gas condensate field development

In the context of constantly growing global energy demand and rapid changes in the energy sector, the study and implementation of advanced technologies in the development of gas condensate fields is of critical importance. The purpose of this study is to investigate methods to increase the efficiency of production and sustainable use of energy resources by optimising the development of gas condensate fields using advanced technologies. The methods used include analytical method, classification, functional method, statistical method, synthesis. Within the framework of this study, the technological aspects of using wells of the Altyguyi gas condensate field were investigated and extensive laboratory and field analyses were conducted aimed at the correct implementation of the double injection method for simultaneous extraction of gas from one reservoir and oil from another, with an emphasis on their contribution to the development of wells through this approach. The paper also considers aspects of operation and technology, including hydrodynamic and thermohydrodynamic studies, when analysing well designs considering compatibility intervals and mining and geological drilling conditions, based on predictive curves of reservoir pressure and rock fracture pressure. As a result of the analyses, studies and calculations, the implementation of the method of intensification of gas condensate field production using the oil and gas approach of dual injection in one well was substantiated. This approach is focused on reducing capital investments and accelerating the development process. The practical significance of this research lies in the development and implementation of innovative technologies to optimise the production processes of gas condensate fields, which contributes to improving the efficiency of hydrocarbon production and promotes the sustainable use of energy resources

Characteristics and controlling factors of tectonic fractures within the buried hill reservoirs from the Archaean metamorphic basement: a case study in the Bozhong 19–6 condensate gas field, Bohai Bay Basin

The Bozhong 19–6 Condensate gas field is the first giant gas field discovered in the Bohai Bay Basin in recent years. The gas field reservoir has diverse reservoir space and strong heterogeneity.In this paper, we systematically summarize tectonic fractures development patterns and explore the main factors controlling fractures development and clarify the influence of fractures on reservoir quality through core and microscopic thin section observations, physical property data, imaging logging data. The results show that the major types of tectonic fractures in study area are shear fractures, followed by tensile fractures. Study area mainly developed high-angle fractures and completely filled fractures, fractures are commonly filled with carbonate and clay cement. Four groups of tectonic fractures were found in the study area, which corresponds to the four fracture formation period. Tectonic movement controls the fractures development in study area, the multi-stage tectonic movement had caused a complex fractures network system. The faults control the development of associated fractures formation in the fractures zone, different faults control the fractures formation and orientations in the vicinity. Rock type and minrals content is the basis of forming different fractures, such as the high felsic content is the basis of developed fractures in metamorphic rocks, and rock layer thickness, reservoir porosity and permeability are important factors of the fractures development heterogeneity longitudinally.

Fluid-Loss Control Technology: From Laboratory to Well Field

Effective fluid-loss control in oil wells is a critical concern for the oil industry, particularly given the substantial reserves situated in carbonate reservoirs globally. The prevalence of such reservoirs is expected to rise with the slow depletion of hydrocarbons, intensifying the need to address challenges related to deteriorating reservoir properties post well-killing operations. This deterioration results in significant annual losses in hydrocarbon production at major oil enterprises, impacting key performance indicators. To tackle this issue, this study focuses on enhancing well-killing technology efficiency in carbonate reservoirs with abnormally low formation pressures. To address this issue, the authors propose the development of new blocking compositions that prevent the fluid loss of treatment fluids by the productive reservoir. The research tasks include a comprehensive analysis of global experience in well-killing technology; the development of blocking compositions; an investigation of their physico-chemical, rheological, and filtration properties; and an evaluation of their effectiveness in complicated conditions. The technology’s application in the oil and gas condensate fields of the Volga-Ural province showcases its practical implementation. This study provides valuable insights and solutions for improved fluid-loss control in carbonate reservoirs, ultimately enhancing well performance and hydrocarbon recovery.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ МОНИТОРИНГА СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ДЕФОРМАЦИОННЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ МЕТОДАМИ ВЫСОКОТОЧНОЙ ГЕОДЕЗИИ НА ЯМБУРГСКОМ ГЕОДИНАМИЧЕСКОМ ПОЛИГОНЕ

The article presents the results of surveying and geodetic studies of modern deformation processes on the territory of the Yamburg oil and gas condensate field. The technogenic influence of the development on the formation of vertical shifts of observation points of the geodynamic polygon has been established. It is determined that the greatest subsidence is confined to the areas of maximum sampling and falling reservoir pressures in the area of the combined contours of the Cenomanian and Neocomian. It is shown that there is a tendency of subsidence of the earth's surface over the mined area of the deposit. It was revealed that a comparative analysis of the results of geodynamic monitoring: satellite observations, geological and commercial indicators of the field development allowed to determine the local subsidence zone in the northern part of the field. The results of the research can be useful for surveying services of oil and gas fields when performing geodynamic monitoring.

Studies of the hydrodynamic properties of the formation of an oil and gas condensate field

This paper presents the experience of well testing conducted by several geological associations. The studies were conducted to assess the characteristics of productive formations, such as hydroconductivity, productivity, saturation pattern and operating mode. Various methods and equipment were used, including various types of drilling rigs and drills. Some disadvantages of the tests are also described, such as the erroneous choice of perforation intervals or poor-quality gas condensate studies. The data on the tools and techniques used, as well as the results of studies on stationary and unsteady filtration modes are presented. The findings of the study will help to improve understanding of the geological characteristics of the formations and improve production efficiency.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ГІДРОГЕОЛОГІЧНИХ І ТЕРМОБАРИЧНИХ УМОВ ВАЛЮХІВСЬКОГО НАФТОГАЗОКОНДЕНСАТНОГО РОДОВИЩА

Background. Today, the practical tasks of oil and gas geology include prospecting and exploration, subsoil development, development of oil and gas fields and many others related to a wide range of related sciences, such as anthropogenic impact on the geological environment, environmental and hydrogeological issues of the impact of oil and gas fields on drinking water, etc. This paper deals with the hydrogeological and thermobaric conditions of the Valyukhivske oil and gas condensate field (OGCF), which is located in the junction zone of the northern coastal zone and the central axial zone of the Dnipro-Donetsk Basin (DDB). Methods. The proposed methodological approach is based on the theoretical notion that regional geothermal anomalies can be formed only by hydrocarbon (methane) gases due to their vertical migration. Therefore, the priority is to search for areas within oil and gas basins that are characterised by elevated geothermal field values as a result of certain factors (neotectonic movements, etc.). At the next stage, the hydrogeological conditions of the section are determined, and their relationship with the oil and gas content of the region is investigated. Subsequently, the gas- geochemical conditions of the section are determined, and the relationship of the component composition of free gases with depth and current reservoir temperatures is established. Results. The Valiikhvske OGCF is interesting in hydrogeological terms because in its section within the lower hydrogeological floor a thermo- dehydration hydrogeological zone and related phenomena, such as abnormally high reservoir pressures, are developing. In addition, the thermo- dehydration zone here is not only a huge area of hydrocarbon migration, but also contains their commercial accumulations in the sediments of the Tournai and Famenian stages. Сonclusions. Based on the analysis, it was found that the catagenetic fluidic stop (CFS) in the field section lies in the depth range of 4.6–5.0 km and has heterogeneity of the lower hydrogeological floor, two hydrogeological zones were identified. The upper one is elision zone, which is widespread in the section above the CFC, and the lower one is thermo-dehydration zone, which becomes extensive in the section below the CFC. The productive horizons of the Valyukhivske OGCF are known both within the EGD and TDGD. Taking into account the data obtained, we can state that the geological setting of the deep horizons of the Valyukhivske OGCF field contributes not only to the vertical migration of HC within the TDGF, but also to their accumulation on an industrial scale.

The state of the environment of the West Kazakhstan region (late 1990s – early 2000s)

The article examines key aspects of the environmental state of the West Kazakhstan region in the late 1990s to early 2000s. It presents characteristics of the general environmental condition, atmospheric air quality, water quality, and environmental protection measures. An analysis of official data sources indicates that increased hydrocarbon production at the Karachaganak oil and gas condensate field (KOGCF) and other industrial enterprises led to a rise in gross emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere, particularly nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide. The authors highlight a significant risk of river pollution from heavy industry waste in the region. Moreover, the analysis reveals that despite ample water and mineral resources, the West Kazakhstan region did not effectively utilize them for agricultural purposes. In conclusion, it is evident that the environmental state of the region was negatively impacted by increased pollution of atmospheric air and water resources with toxic metals resulting from industrial activities.