Garden Festival Research Articles

Sowing Seeds: Garden Festivals and the Remaking of British Cities after Deindustrialization

AbstractThis article explores one of the strangest and most spectacular urban policies in postwar Britain: national garden festivals. Initiated by Margaret Thatcher's government, the festivals were vast state-sponsored gardening shows held in deindustrializing cities to reclaim derelict land for the property market. A festival was held every other year between 1984 and 1992 in a different city, five in all. The garden festivals showcased a new kind of urbanism, one that would change the ways that British cities related to nature, to capital, and to the wider world. First, they evinced a unique type of environmental politics—an implicit critique of urban industrial landscapes that was distinct from both the emerging critique of climate change and from older ideas about conservation. Second, they emerged at a time when the attraction of private capital was becoming increasingly central to urban regeneration. The festivals were at the forefront of this turn, outsourcing their events to corporate sponsors. Finally, the festivals offered an idiosyncratic, incoherent version of globalization. They courted a global pool of tourists and capital and invited delegations from across the world to plan events while, in many instances, reinforcing a preexisting racialized social hierarchy shaped by imperial legacies.

Exploring personality and fit for garden festivals and parks: a Best-Worst Scaling approach

ABSTRACT The current study explores the personality attributes and fit between garden festivals and parks that host them. The research adopted a bottom-up approach, inviting stakeholder participation in six focus groups, two expert panels, a pilot study and three main studies to examine Araluen Botanic Park, Western Australia as well as its Chilli Festival and Tulip Festival. A total of 878 completed surveys were collected. The personality attributes of the Chilli Festival identified as being Contemporary and Competent, and the Tulip Festival, as being Tranquil. Both garden festivals shared the Genuine attribute, demonstrating some personality fit. However, the personality attributes of the park remained undetermined. By adopting the theoretical underpinnings of the Brand Personality Scale (BPS) and the methodological approach of Best-Worst Scaling (BWS) to identify the personality attributes, the study presents a framework to access much needed information effectively. The information guides pragmatic branding strategies for differentiating and creating connections with visitors.

Empirical Analysis of Local Residents’ Support in a Selected Special Event

The support and involvement in an event by local citizens will indirectly affect the performance of event activities, and local communities would be influenced in their behavior towards cooperation in planning and holding the function. This study intend to investigate the level of residents’ support and local community participation towards the Putrajaya Flower and Garden Festival, Putrajaya (FLORIA Putrajaya). Besides, this study attempts to determine the relationship between local hospitality towards the event sustainability. Sample population for this study included the visitors who visited Putrajaya, Malaysia. The results were significant between overall variables (local residents support; local community participations; local hospitality) of local residents’ support toward event sustainability and destination image (ß=.120, p<0.01). The findings of this study can be used by event organisers, particularly in Putrajaya, in reviewing the current movements of participation by local residents or host-community towards the event operations. In addition, the outcome of this study may increase the awareness of event organisers regarding the importance of getting support from the local residents towards event sustainability and host-destination image.

Escaping from the City Means More than a Cheap House and a 10-Minute Commute

Escaping from the City Means More than a Cheap House and a 10-Minute Commute

REDESAIN INTERIOR SEAWORLD, TEATER 4 DIMENSI TAMAN FESTIVAL BALI DI DENPASAR

Tourist area is one of the potential to be developed and managed maximally which is directly related to the community. Tourism area development is generally followed by various efforts carried out, for example, revitalization & redesign. Revitalsasi is building the infrastructure and manage the functions of a place as a tourist destination at the same time a means of recreation for families. The island of Bali has a lot of beauty to be enjoyed by tourists. One is the Padang Galak Beach in Denpasar. Padang Galak Beach has a Festival Park that will be managed like Ancol beach in Jakarta which is equipped with entertainment rides. But in 2000 there was an Asian economic crisis so that the Taman Festival Bali went bankrupt. The government should pay attention to the existence of Taman Festival Bali tourism objects whose conditions need to be redesigned.To reduce the destroyed buildings, it is expected that with the development and revitalization of the Taman Festival Bali, it can be useful to increase the attractiveness of the Bali Garden Festival in the eyes of tourists. Some things in the Taman Festival Bali need addressed both in terms of facilities, the addition of rides, attractions, Sea World Theater 4 dimensions, as well as the comfort of the interior be primary points to revive the Taman Festival Bali. The design method used through some hangovers, namely: Object Identification; Problem Identification Phase; Method of collecting data; Analysis and Design Methods; and Design Methods. The concept applied at Taman Festival Bali is a combination of shades of coastal concepts that aim to solve the problems that exist in this design object.

Infozentrale auf dem Vollgut – Circular Construction for a Post-Fossil Society

The “Infozentrale auf dem Vollgut” was designed and realised by a group of 36 students as part of the BUILDinG CYCLE design studio from the Natural Building Lab at the Technische Universität Berlin. In co-operation with the research project RE4 [1], a building embodying circular construction principles was realised from waste materials as a DesignBuild project, offering an answer to questions relating to resource-positive construction in an urban context and embodies a new method of architectural production for a post-consumer society. In the opening weeks of the project the student groups undertook a material research, where innovative low-tech constructive elements were created using a wide range of waste materials Through this research the groups established a network, through which they were able to source larger amounts of the waste materials used for the building – recovered timber and cardboard. The load bearing structure of the building is formed from timber recovered from local demolition sites and a dismantled architectural installation from the International Garden Festival 2017, thus providing a second usage cycle for this valuable resource. The 5.5m x 7.0m roof structure is formed by a pre-stressed grid of layered and interlocking re-used timber beams with reversible connections designed for disassembly. For the wall elements an experimental system was developed utilising stacked upcycled cardboard fruit boxes filled with shredded paper as insulation and covered with recovered large format posters and plot drawings – common waste materials within the architecture faculty. The project embodies circular construction principles and serves as a prototype for a LowTech post-fossil architecture based on the realities of resource scarcity and climate change.

Grassroots festival keeps city alive during severe drought

PurposeThis paper aims to discuss the role of a grassroots initiative in engaging local people in an innovative place-making fringe festival. Festivals such as the Carnival of Flowers are a major tourism event for regional cities like Toowoomba and contribute to place-making through marketing and engagement. Within the professional management of such events, there exists space for innovation and genuine community involvement, which can assist in authentically reflecting place identity. Avant Garden (2007-2008) models a successful grassroots fringe festival, initiated by community members in response to the challenge of long-term drought. Avant Garden engaged locals and tourists in a positive re-imagining of place via site-specific public artworks generated by the community.Design/methodology/approachA survey of 504 visitors to Toowoomba’s public gardens during the first weekend of the 2007 Carnival of Flowers examined how Avant Garden was received by the community.FindingsThe paper suggests that fringe festivals can provide place-making capacity in broadening festivals as an expression of local identity. Fringe festivals can allow authentic community engagement within a mainstream festival and can indicate longer-term innovations to place branding.Practical implicationsThe paper includes implications for festival managers about effective ways to engage community in grassroots initiatives which reflect innovation, authenticity and greater diversity.Originality/valueThe paper provides a study of a visual arts fringe festival in the context of place management. The project described allows a “bottom up” approach to engaging the local community which provides authenticity and broadens the scope of an existing mainstream garden festival.

A Study of Design Plan at the Garden Festival - From the Urban Space of Rob Krier -

A variety of garden exhibitions were held in major Korean cities during the fall of 2017. Various themes and garden forms were displayed in the six major cities of Seoul, Busan, Incheon, Suncheon, Gyeonggido Ansan, and Gyeonggido in Dongtan New Town. Many participants of the garden fair decorated gardens around natural objects that showed space and time according to their design. The garden provides the best means of personal development. It is a space and place in which to express the dynamics of self-realization. The garden fair offers interactivity through a combination of biophilia, and toylism that provides customers with pleasure, fashion, and satisfaction. There were 280 works on display in these six major metropolitan cities during the fall of 2017. This number has grown from the 10 original Korean garden show writers. We began this study to discover regular or irregular patterns contained at the exhibition as well as to present elements that could be used in major studies.

Garden Festivals in Bolestraszyce

In the previous year, the 7th Garden Festival in Bolestraszyce was already held. It is an annual event that brings together Polish garden enthusiasts and creators, teachers and young landscape architecture adepts, and even primary school representatives. Festivals have been organized since 2011 by the Arboretum and the Department of Physiography in Bolestraszyce, near Przemyśl. It has been initiated thanks to the funding from the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage. The festival is surrounded by the substantive care of the Landscape Architecture Association, the Association of Polish Landscape Architects, the Polish Nurserymen Association and the Polish Dendrological Society. Show gardens are an unusual variety of gardens – they serve to present the latest trends in the art of space arrangement and present, popularize new plant varieties. In recent years, they have also gained a wider educational function, often referring to environmental problems or various socio-cultural issues.

Ephemeral landscape and urban shrinkage

The paper investigates the phenomenon of short-lived landscapes in European cities, analysing the causes and contexts of their emergence, exploring their links with urban shrinkage, and examining their roles in urban transformation. Five cases from Liverpool, Glasgow, London, Paris, and Brussels are studied in two groups of garden festivals and temporary parks, covering a range of scales, periods, locations, and agents of development. Economic, political, and cultural changes have created the conditions of urban shrinkage and temporary interventions, whereby landscape is treated as a flexible means to an end, a short-lived event that reflects, and paves the way for, structural change. As the cases demonstrate, however, the instrumental use of landscape for economic purposes is not the only way forward.

Timber gridshells: Numerical simulation, design and construction of a full scale structure

Timber gridshell structures, such as the Multihalle for the federal garden festival in Mannheim or the Downland Museum, have been the result of a creative–generative process that indissolubly ‘welded’ the structural contribution to that of form exploration. The challenging design and construction issues have been typically addressed and resolved in several inventive ways. However, still now, form-finding and erection of timber gridshells present many difficulties. In this regard, this paper aims to provide a series of novel steps to address some of the main design and construction issues that are associated with ‘actively-bent’ timber gridshell structures. First, the main characteristics of the construction process of timber gridshells are described and the basic theoretical concepts for its numerical simulation, through Dynamic Relaxation method, are introduced. Second, a practical method for sizing the laths' cross-section is presented. Third, a new erection technique for timber gridshells is proposed and applied to the construction of a full scale (prototype) structure, the Toledo gridshell 2.0. Fourth, a new bracing system for the same structure, which was built at the Faculty of Architecture, University of Naples Federico II in June–July 2014, is explained and discussed. The paper also highlights the need for further application to validate the techniques explained here, with particular attention being paid for the construction of large scale free-form structures.

Historical ground: the role of history in contemporary landscape architecture

1. Preliminary orientations 2. History as geology, topography and weather 3. Examples of history in earlier landscape architecture (Renaissance Rome, Desert de Retz, Les Buttes Chaumont) 4. Five Paris sites: a scale of contemporary interventions and inventions 5. History found and exploited in a specific place today 6. History invented for a site today 7. Land Art, Garden Festivals & historical ground 8. Afterword/Afterlife

Leisure and Pleasure: Science events in unusual locations

Building on concepts relating to informal science education, this work compares science-related activities which successfully engaged public audiences at three different ‘generic’ locations: a garden festival, a public park, and a music festival. The purpose was to identify what factors contribute to the perceived success of science communication activities occurring within leisure spaces. This article reports the results of 71 short (2–3 min) structured interviews with public participants at the events, and 18 structured observations sessions, demonstrating that the events were considered both novel and interesting by the participants. Audience members were found to perceive both educational and affective purposes from the events. Three key elements were identified as contributing to the success of the activities across the three ‘generic venues’: the informality of the surroundings, the involvement of ‘real’ scientists, and the opportunity to re-engage participants with scientific concepts outside formal education.

FIRE, SACRIFICE, IPHIGÉNIE

Gluck's Iphigenie en Aulide (1774), his first opera written for the French stage, never settled on an ending. In order to analyse the historical conditions of this musical reluctance, this argument reads the opera's literary source, Jean Racine's Iphigenie, developing a three-fold link: to the fireworks that followed the first performance of Racine's tragedy in 1674 in the garden of Versailles, to the discovery in 1774 by Joseph Priestley of oxygen and related developments in the poetics of fire, and to changes in the political culture of sacrifice and so necessarily in the ends of tragedy. Racine's cosmic storm around a sacrificial pyre that auto-ignites, the self-immolation of the monarch created by the garden festival, and this opera which now ends with a chorus of soldier-workers crowned as kings all point to music's fabled ability to predict and determine the political, a danger recognized by governments from the Greek city-state to the present. In the course of a revolution that had been precisely figured in Gluck's music, Iphigenie the victim becomes the young queen who had been Gluck's singing pupil in Vienna, Marie-Antoinette.

Malediction d'Agamemnon Jardin de la Guerre La Guerre du Jardin

AbstractCharles Jencks describes how the theme of chaos at the Chaumont Garden Festival in France in 2004 inspired an interactive garden of attack. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Schools, Children, and Gardening: The Results of a Children's Garden Competition among Florida Elementary Schools

Children's contact with nature is slowly diminishing as we progress towards a more technology-orientated society. While computers and other technology provide students with valuable skills, children are becoming more detached from nature and the unique opportunities nature can provide. School gardens offer teachers and students a “down to earth,” hands-on approach they might not otherwise gain in the classroom. In Spring 1998, the Univ. of Florida in conjunction with the 1998 Epcot® International Flower and Garden Festival hosted a competition for the best elementary school garden among Florida elementary schools. The competition called for schools to construct or use an already existing garden and for teachers to incorporate the garden in their classroom instruction. Approximately 100 elementary schools throughout Florida participated in the competition. From these schools a random sample of 500 students were selected to answer an environmental attitude survey. Students completed the survey at the beginning of the spring semester and at the completion of the competition in April to examine the effects of the garden competition on their environmental attitudes. In addition, teachers were asked to complete a survey detailing the use of the garden in their classroom and the effect it had on their students. This session will discuss the details of the competition, the findings and implications of the competition, and suggestions on how to promote student and school participation in similar horticultural programs.

EMPLOYMENT EFFECTS OF COMMUNITY PROGRAMME PARTICIPATION: EVIDENCE FROM MATCHED SAMPLES

This paper compares the subsequent employment effects for individuals employed on a single, particular Community Programme temporary employment scheme that took place during 1986 at the Stoke-on-Trent U.K. National Garden Festival with a control group taken from a locally-based, large-scale random survey. Robust and significant effects were found over various matching procedures. The results support the argument that subsequent employment experiences were enhanced and, as such, have clear relevance to the policy debate about the usefulness and effectiveness of work experience schemes aimed at the unemployed. Copyright 1996 by Blackwell Publishers Ltd and The Victoria University of Manchester

Employment experiences following the Stoke-on-Trent Garden Festival

Employment experiences following the Stoke-on-Trent Garden Festival

Tourism and urban regeneration

This article looks at the role of tourism in the regeneration of urban areas. Five examples are shown: the 1984 International Garden Festival in Liverpool; the restoration of Rouen's medieval heart; the restoration of wardamaged Valletta; South Street Seaport, a new tourist attraction in downtown New York; and Rotterdam, currently undergoing redevelopment in which tourism, leisure and recreation are primary elements. Some lessons from these cases are summarized at the end of the article.

British garden festivals: The first eight years

The origins of garden festivals are summarized and the way in which they have been translated into practice in Britain is examined. There is a summary of the experience of the first three British festivals at Liverpool in 1984, Stoke-on-Trent in 1986 and Glasgow in 1988 and the immediate uses and the proposed after-uses are described. The proposals for the two festivals at Gateshead in 1990 and Ebbw Vale in 1992 are discussed. Design, marketing and masterplanning are outlined and achievements and failures identified.