Garbage Accumulation Research Articles

STUDY OF HUMAN LEPTOSPIROSIS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, VISAKHAPATNAM

Objective: Prevalence of leptospirosis in humans is found in an alarming number in recent times. This endemic zoonotic disease is widespread and potentially fatal. It is usually seen in areas with poor socioeconomic conditions, water stagnation, garbage accumulation, which becomes breeding sites for the rodents. Infection may turn epidemic during monsoon. Reservoir of infection is rat scientifically named as Rattus rattus and infection results from direct or indirect exposure to host animals that carry the pathogen in their renal tubules and shed pathogenic leptospires in their urine. The main objective of this study was to estimate the seropositivity of leptospirosis in patients presenting with undifferentiated acute febrile illness for 5 to 7 days during one year period from February 2023 to February 2024 in a tertiary care hospital, Visakhapatnam, India. Methods: A total of 279 blood samples received from suspected cases of leptospirosis were subjected to IgM ELISA. Results: Out of total 279 cases, 20 were positive for leptospirosis (OD ratio ≥1.00). All the positive cases presented with a fever more than 99.5°F, chills and headache with elevated serum procalcitonin levels. Peak incidence of cases was recorded during July and August 2023. Conclusion: Seroprevalence of human leptospirosis in this study was found to be 7.2%.

Strategies for Enhancing Slum Settlement Study Case: Tegal Sari Mandala III, Medan Denai District

Tegal Sari Mandala III in the Medan Denai District is a residential area characterized by poor sanitation and a high risk of flooding, making it a mild slum. To prevent slum conditions from becoming normalized in Indonesian society, it is essential to address and eliminate such settlements. Each location presents unique challenges and requires tailored solutions to tackle slum issues effectively. This research employs both qualitative and quantitative methods, which are suitable for examining slum areas. The analysis reveals that the primary problems include poor environmental maintenance, such as garbage accumulation and improper waste management, leading to flooding, polluted rivers, and foul-smelling surroundings. Solutions to these issues include developing and enhancing the settlement quality by establishing a night market and creating green spaces along the banks of the Sulang Saling River.

Health and environmental impacts of Gaza conflict (2023-2024): A review

The war in Gaza, which erupted on October 7, 2023, unleashed unprecedented assaults from the air, sea, and land, affecting the densely populated area of 360 square kilometers housing 2.3 million people. The conflict claimed over 36 000 Palestinian lives, with women and children making up 70% of the casualties, and resulted in more than 80 000 injuries. The devastation was extensive, with over 70% of homes destroyed, along with six universities, numerous hospitals, communication networks, sewage systems, water desalination plants, roads, wells, and other essential infrastructure. Over a million people were displaced from the northern regions to the southern coastal area of Al-Mawasi, which constitutes less than 3% of Gaza's total area, facing dire shortages of water, healthcare, food, and medicine. The collapse of sewage networks and garbage accumulation led to an increase in flies, mosquitoes, insects, and rodents, contributing to the spread of infectious and non-communicable diseases among the displaced population. This research aimed to study the health and environmental impacts of the war in Gaza through data collection, field visits, and photographic documentation. The findings revealed catastrophic conditions, with the destruction of all infrastructure, including buildings, hospitals, universities, mosques, churches, sanitation, water networks, and communications, and the spread of diseases such as intestinal, respiratory infections, and skin infections due to the complete lack of basic life necessities.

Численное моделирование миграции фильтрационных вод от объектов размещения твердых коммунальных отходов через грунтовые защитные сооружения

The paper studies numerically he processes of pollutant migration from the municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill and discusses the obtained results. Pollution of the natural environment with residues of substances and products resulting from the human household and industrial activities is one of the most urgent problems both in Russia and all over the world. In economically developed countries, in which waste management strategies are implemented to minimize garbage accumulation, priority is given to neutralization and recycling technologies, The beneficial effect of such strategy is a significant reduction of the waste volume. In Russia, despite the positive dynamics in the use of new waste management technologies, the main method of their treatment is disposal at MSW landfills. On the territory of Russia, along with the MSW landfills operated and built in accordance with environmental requirements, there are a large number of unauthorized landfills, which are of serious hazard to the environment. This raises the question of assessing the impact of such facilities on the environment. To study the characteristics of the pollutant distribution and determine the waste migration parameters, the archival data from a set of field and laboratory studies in the area of the existing MSW disposal site were used. A numerical model was constructed to describe the hydrodynamics of the migration of substances in the soil and soil layer forming the base of a solid waste disposal facility. The process of pollutant spreading is described in terms of dry residue. The model takes into account such factors as convective transport, diffusion and geological composition of the base of the waste disposal site, which have a significant impact on the pollutant migration.

Environmental degradation of ordinary plastic wastes: a review on present awareness and disposal prospects

Plastic waste has emerged as a major global environmental challenge, posing detrimental impacts on ecosystems and human health. This review critically analyzes the existing level of awareness about the adverse effects of plastic waste on the environment, encompassing issues such as land and marine pollution, micro-plastic contamination, and the disruption of ecological balance. The issue of plastic garbage accumulation has gained significant recognition in recent times as an effective environmental problem with global implications. It has been observed to affect various living forms, natural ecosystems, and the economy. Given the current threat, it is imperative to prioritize exploring alternative alternatives, such as biodegradation, as a substitute for conventional disposal methods. There is a shortage of information regarding the processes and efficacy of plastic biodegradation. The objective of this review is to examine the adverse environmental impacts resulting from the accumulation commonly used the materials polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyvinyl chlorides, polyethylene terse and polyol trash, which are examples of waste from plastics. Additionally, this review aims to assess the potential for degradation of these plastics through both abiotic and biotic processes. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis is conducted on the capacity of several microbial species to degrade these polymers. The current study examines the involvement of invertebrates namely insects, in the process of plastic degradation, emphasizing the significant potential they possess in shaping future outcomes.

Design and Development of Model to Detect Garbage from CCTV

Urban waste management is a pressing concern globally, necessitating innovative solutions for effective sanitation and sustainability. In response, this project introduces a Garbage Detection System leveraging deep learning techniques and web-based monitoring for real-time surveillance of city-wide Garbage accumulation. Utilizing the YOLOv7 object detection model, the system achieves an accuracy rate of 81% in identifying Garbage objects across diverse environmental conditions and camera angles. The accompanying web application dashboard provides intuitive access to live camera feeds, empowering stakeholders with proactive monitoring capabilities and facilitating prompt response to sanitation issues. Integration with MongoDB ensures efficient data storage and retrieval, enabling seamless access to historical Garbage detection data for analysis and optimization. The iterative refinement process, guided by periodic model updates and user feedback loops, contributes to continuous improvement in system performance. Through its comprehensive approach, this project demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of utilizing advanced computer vision technology for enhancing urban cleanliness and sustainability. Future endeavours will focus on further enhancing accuracy, scalability, and integration with existing waste management infrastructure to realize holistic urban waste management solutions. Key Words: YOLOv7, neural network, object detection, deep learning, web-based monitoring

Identifying high-vulnerable garbage accumulation areas in Coimbatore City, India: an AHP-GIS approach for effective waste management.

Urbanization has resulted in a surge in municipal solid waste (MSW) generation, posing critical waste management challenges in urban areas. To tackle this issue, we introduce a novel approach for mapping garbage vulnerability zones (GVZ) in Coimbatore City, India, combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS). Seven criteria, including per capita waste generation, open dumping, land use land cover, road/railway networks, and population, were integrated and analyzed in GIS. AHP pairwise comparison method assigned weights to each criterion and principal component analysis (PCA) further validated the interconnectedness of the criteria and their impact on the GVZs. The results indicated that open dumping locations and population density are the most influential factors contributing to the risk of garbage accumulation, making up 23.7% and 21.2% of the total weight, respectively. The GVZ map reveals that 94.6% of Coimbatore City is at risk of MSW accumulation, with 20.2% highly and 74.4% moderately vulnerable. Eleven high GVZ clusters were identified, with Saravanampatti, located in the northeastern part of Coimbatore City, being the most vulnerable area. The H3 hexagon format of the GVZ map enhances its usability for monitoring and mitigation capabilities. In conclusion, our comprehensive AHP-GIS approach facilitates effective waste management practices, sustainable resource utilization, and better environmental and public health outcomes in urban areas. The demonstrated methodology has the potential for application in similar developing urban areas in South Asia and the Global South, serving as a valuable tool to address the challenges posed by increasing MSW generation.

Flood countermeasure management in bulak banteng Surabaya

The rainy season in Indonesia occurs due to the west monsoon wind blowing from the Asian continent which carries a lot of water vapor to the Australian continent due to climate change, it causes high rainfall and can potentially cause floods. In addition, the phenomenon of garbage accumulation in the river and the failure of the drainage system are the reasons for flooding in metropolitan cities, especially in Surabaya. This study aims to determine the preparedness of the community, especially the people of Bulak Banteng Village, in facing floods during the rainy season. Data were collected using the Simple Random Sample (SRS) method with 30 correspondents randomly selected at the research location. The results showed that many people were aware of the causes of flooding and the signs and impacts caused by flooding. Therefore, some people have prepared themselves in case of flooding by raising the floor of their houses so that water does not enter the house. In the event of a flood, the community prefers to evacuate themselves to a relative's place that is not affected by flooding rather than going to the disaster evacuation site provided by the local government, this happens because of the lack of training or socialization of flood response in the community, resulting in the lack of flood disaster information obtained by the community.

Public Engagement Impact on Sustainable Waste Management in Indonesia: Examining Public Behavior

The primary objective of this study is to investigate the behavioral patterns and levels of public engagement in waste management practices within the context of Indonesia. The issue of waste management is a significant and unresolved one that continues to be prioritized by the government. The issue of waste management has received much scholarly attention over the past twenty years. The prioritization of solid waste management is necessary to effectively attain the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The present state of excessive garbage accumulation is a significant concern, with a substantial portion of it remaining unattended. The presence of hazardous elements within solid waste presents a significant risk to human life, both in the immediate and long-term. One factor contributing to the limited engagement of the public in environmental policy is the inclination of individuals to prioritize legislation primarily concerning their fundamental needs. This finding suggests a deviation from the outcomes of other research undertaken in recent decades, which posit that community engagement plays a major role in addressing waste management challenges. The findings of the study indicate that individuals' behavior has a significant role in shaping their inclination toward participating in trash management initiatives throughout various urban areas in Indonesia.

Solid waste management: The necessity of an epoch for the protection of community, public safety, health, and environmental quality

Solid waste management has been a burning topic that has garnered attention worldwide. Though several studies have been done across metro cities and Upcoming intelligent cities, a sustainable point of view of all the stakeholders in Nagpur city was never registered; hence the researcher intended to have a wholesome knowledge of the process and wanted to get deeper insights about the perception and understanding of solid waste disposal system management in Nagpur. Environment sustainability is the need of the hour. Being a vibrant city, Nagpur has borne the brunt of migration from nearby places but does not have the sustainable infrastructure to dispose of solid waste properly. While analyzing, the researcher discovered that no such research project had been carried out in Nagpur for the purpose described above and intended to do so. The researchers used a structured questionnaire to survey the intended targeted respondents. The questionnaire was distributed, and respondents were identified with a simple random sampling method to avoid bias and maintain the data's accuracy. To get an Expert opinion, the researcher used the scheduled interview method to understand the views and modern techniques available. The researcher gathered detailed information from the stakeholders, which is discussed in detail in the project report. The study offers a holistic view of the complex difficulties faced by garbage accumulation by incorporating aspects of community well-being, public safety, and public health. Furthermore, this research goes above and beyond conventional wisdom by proposing novel solutions. It establishes a structure that safeguards the environment and encourages community participation in garbage management. The originality of this research lies in its multifaceted examination of waste management, community health, public safety, and health.

REVITALISASI PERAN MAHASISWA MENJAGA KELESTARIAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DENGAN FALSAFAH HIDUP PODA NA LIMA

In the era of globalization, environmental problems are growing rapidly, meaning that these problems are a serious threat to the nation and state. High population numbers are one of the main triggers for the destruction of existing environmental sustainability, followed by a decline in attitudes to protect the environment. Garbage accumulation at Sipirok Market is very common due to the unavailability of adequate facilities so that people can burn garbage and dispose of it somewhere. This study aims to describe environmental sustainability in the Tabagsel area and provide solutions to students regarding their functions and roles. The research method used in this research is descriptive research. The results of this study are that students will be able to protect the environment and preserve nature by upholding the philosophy of Poda Na Lima. The philosophy of Poda Na Lima is the basis of teachings, education, advice and community rules which are a way of life.

Internalisasi Karakter Peduli Lingkungan melalui Daur Ulang Limbah Anorganik Dalam Upaya Mendukung program 3R Pemerintah


 
 
 
 Garbage accumulation, especially plastic waste, is a global problem that must be addressed immediately because it will have an impact on the existence of the environment. The purpose of this service program is to support the Government's 3R program in reducing the volume of waste in Indonesia by internalizing the character of caring for the environment while increasing the skills of the Teguhan Village Mentari Garbage Bank management by utilizing plastic waste to make beautiful bags so they are useful. Participants in this service were 32 people consisting of the Management of the Mentari Garbage Bank and members of the Teguhan Mentari Garbage Bank. Community service activities are carried out in the multi-purpose building of Dusun 4 Teguhan village for 3 days, 11-13 December 2022. The service is carried out by arranging permits, recording the number of members of the Mentari Waste Bank and administrators, socializing inorganic waste recycling materials and mentoring and evaluating activities. The results of this community service resulted in a material understanding of the Government's 3R program with quite good achievements with an average of 83%. Knowledge of 3R and the environmental care movement made the participants wiser and more concerned about the environment. The participants received and absorbed training materials on the 3R program and the skills to process inorganic waste properly. Furthermore, the participants can demonstrate directly how to make bags from inorganic waste using certain techniques so that the results obtained can be interesting and of good quality.
 
 
 
 
 

Garbage Reporting Application

Effective waste management is essential for maintaining clean and sustainable urban environments. However, managing and monitoring garbage collection and disposal processes can be challenging without proper tools and systems in place. This abstract introduces a garbage reporting application, a digital solution designed to streamline waste management processes and improve overall efficiency. The garbage reporting application is a mobile based platform that enables citizens to report instances of garbage accumulation, improper disposal, and other related issues in their neighbourhoods. By empowering individuals to actively participate in waste management, the application aims to create a collaborative environment where citizens, local authorities, and waste management agencies work together to address and resolve garbage-related problems effectively. The application offers a user-friendly interface, allowing users to quickly submit reports by capturing images, providing location details, and adding descriptive information about the garbage-related concern. These reports are then securely transmitted to the relevant authorities responsible for waste management, who can promptly assess and take appropriate action based on the severity and urgency of the issue. Furthermore, the garbage reporting application facilitates communication between citizens and local authorities. Users can receive updates on the progress of their reported issues, ensuring transparency and accountability in waste management processes. By leveraging the power of technology and citizen engagement, the garbage reporting application has the potential to revolutionize waste management systems. Moreover, the application fosters a sense of environmental responsibility and community participation among citizens, leading to cleaner and healthier living environments

Assessing the Performance of Melted Plastic as a Replacement for Sand in Paving Block

Plastic waste generates numerous environmental problems, such as garbage accumulation and plastic waste pollution in the oceans. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of melted plastic waste as a substitute material in paving blocks. The melted low-density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic is used as the cemented agent in the paving block. After melting, the melted LDPE plastic is mixed thoroughly with sand immediately and forms a paving block mold. The effectiveness of melted plastic as a bonding agent is evaluated based on the parameters of compressive strength, water absorption, and wear resistance. The results show that paving blocks with a melted plastic of 10% reach the required level of 9.39 MPa for the park. Hence, using melted plastic in paving blocks can be an alternative strategy to reduce plastic waste.

Identifikasi Faktor Eksternal Terhadap Peran Masyarakat Dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Plastik Pantai Teluk Penyu Cilacap

AbstractReduced tourism is one of the unintended consequences of garbage accumulation in popular tourist destinations. There are both internal and external elements that influence people's willingness to participate in managed waste. The purpose of this research is to identify the external elements in the coastal community of Teluk Turtle Cilacap that influence inhabitants' involvement in garbage management. Methods included conducting in-depth interviews with 204 eligible beachgoers in the Teluk Penyu area and collecting data through observation and questionnaires. This research found that 42.1% of the variation in people involvement in controlling Teluk Turtle beach garbage was attributable to five factors: community leaders, information, incentives, local institutional capabilities, and infrastructure. Citizens' engagement in waste management is most directly influenced by incentives and community leaders and least by the local community's access to relevant knowledge, resources, and infrastructure. Unlike the knowledge variable, which can entirely mediate the relationship between community leaders, facilities, and the competency of local institutions and participation, the incentive variable can fully mediate the relationship between facilities and participation. As this research shows, environmental factors have a substantial impact on waste management involvement among Teluk Turtle people. The study's findings can be utilized as a guide for enhancing coastal trash management by highlighting the importance of the relationship between the variables investigated.

Perencanaan Desain Tempat Penampungan Sementara Sampah di Kecamatan Pabuaran Kabupaten Serang

The pace of development, population, activities, and socioeconomic level of the community trigger an increase in the amount of waste generation that will be transported to landfills. The more human growth increases, the more waste generation will increase. Therefore, it is necessary to plan a Temporary Shelter (TPS) and waste transportation system in Pabuaran District, Serang Regency with the aim of reducing the negative impact of garbage accumulation and changing the behavior of people in Pabuaran District who still throw garbage in any place and to reduce the impact caused by the waste itself. The purpose of this study is to determine the rate and composition of waste and design a TPS that meets the criteria. Data that has been obtained from primary data sources and secondary data will be processed and analyzed. Data analysis is used as a determination and planning of waste TPS that will be applied in Pabuaran District. The results showed that the rate of waste generation every yearalways increases along with the increase in the number of residents. In 2021 the amount of waste generation in Pabuaran District was 26 m3 / day. Then in 2022 the amount of waste generation reached 27.24 m3 / day or 326.86 m3 / year and in 2031 it increased to 41.89 m3 / day or 502.73 m3 / year. year. So, the total land needs are based on the assessment of the units of space needed for the TPS building land in Pabuaran District covering an area of 99 m2.

Guidelines for a participatory Smart City model to address Amazon's urban environmental problems.

Climate change is a global challenge, and the Brazilian Amazon Forest is a particular concern due to the possibility of reaching a tipping point that could amplify environmental crises. Despite many studies on the Amazon Forest, this research was conducted in Manaus, the capital of Amazonas state, to address five gaps, including the lack of local citizen consultation on urban environmental issues, Smart Cities, decarbonization, and disruptive technologies. This study holds significance for the academy community, government bodies, policymakers, and investors, as it offers novel insights into the Amazon region and proposes a model to engage citizens in Smart Cities. This model could also guide other municipalities aspiring for participatory sustainable development with a decarbonization focus, mitigating future risks, and protecting future generations. Basically, it is an explanatory and applied study that employs mixed methods, including literature, bibliometric and documentary reviews, two questionnaires, and descriptive statistical approaches, organized in four phases to reach the following goals: (a) provide information on the main challenges facing humanity, the Brazilian Amazon state, and the city of Manaus; (b) identify the best Smart City approaches for engaging citizens in solving urban problems; (c) contextualize and consult Manaus City Hall about the effectiveness of the Smart City project; (d) investigate the perceptions of citizens living in Manaus on the main city's environmental problems, as well as their level of knowledge and interest on issues related to Smart Cities, decarbonization, and disruptive technologies; (e) propose a participatory Smart City model with recommendations. Among the result, the study found that the term "Smart City" dominates scholarly publications among nineteen urban-related terms, and the five main environmental problems in Manaus are an increase in stream pollution, garbage accumulation, insufficient urban afforestation, air pollution, and traffic congestion. Although citizens are willing to help, the majority lack knowledge on Smart City and Decarbonized City issues, but there is a considerable interest in training related to these issues, as well as disruptive technologies. It was found that Amsterdam, Melbourne, Montreal, San Francisco, Seoul, and Taipei all have a formal model to engage citizens in solving their urban problems. The main conclusion is that, after 6 years, the Smart City Project in Manaus is a political fallacy, as no model, especially with a citizen participatory approach, has been effectively adopted. In addition, after conducting a literature and documentary review and analyzing 25 benchmark Smart Cities, the P5 model and the Citizen Engagement Kit model are proposed with 120 approaches and guidelines for addressing the main environmental problems by including Manaus' citizens in the Smart City and/or decarbonization journey.

Reinforcing civil infrastructure with waste glass-enhanced concrete: A comprehensive review of properties, performance and applications

Millions of tons of waste are produced globally each year, the bulk of which cannot be recycled. Furthermore, recycling waste also consumes energy and harms the environment. Additionally, suburban garbage disposal and accumulation pose a serious threat to the environment. Using waste products during the production of concrete allows for the removal of waste as well as the addition of advantageous properties to concrete. Due to their substantial amounts of released greenhouse gases, substantial consumption of energy, and heavy use of the environment's resources, the cement and glass sectors face a variety of challenges. Because waste glass is non-biodegradable, the current practise of discarding of it in landfills fails to provide an environmentally suitable disposal for the waste glass. Waste glass's chemical composition and pozzolanic properties promote its use in the mortar and concrete companies as an ecologically acceptable choice for the glass and concrete sectors. This study examines various findings brought to light by several research groups and offers fresh viewpoints based on an examination of underlying mechanisms and various glass trash types. The fresh characteristics, durability, compressive strength, electrical, thermal and microstructure of concrete are among the contents that have been evaluated. This review is projected to increase information of consuming recycled glass in concrete production, recognize areas in need of further study, and examine how glass qualities affect the durability and performance of concrete and cement products.

UTILIZATION OF ORGANIC WASTE AS LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER

Garbage accumulation is still a problem that pollutes the environment. There is still a lot of waste or organic waste that has not been managed properly because people think that organic waste can decompose naturally. If left unchecked, this will cause an unpleasant odor and disturb the environment. One way of processing organic waste is to make it into Liquid Organic Fertilizers (LOF). LOF is a liquid resulting from the fermentation of organic waste. LOF contains nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, and others that are beneficial to plants and soil. The method used in carrying out community service activities is through lecture and demonstration methods. The material is presented through lectures using an LCD and direct demonstrations of making LOF from organic waste. Increased understanding of participants will be measured through pre-test and post-test. This community Service activity was carried out at the Grandmed Lubuk Pakam Hospital for 10 participants who acted as cleaners. The result obtained is Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) which is brownish-yellow in color and gives off a rotten aroma after being fermented for 1 week. In addition, all 10 participants experienced an increase in post-test scores compared to pre-test scores after participating in this activity, where the average score increased by 31.5. This value can be interpreted as seminar participants having experienced increased understanding and being able to participate in this community service activity properly.

System Usability Scale (SUS) Pada Bank Sampah Digital Sebagai Solusi Penanganan Sampah

As time goes by and the number of human needs causes organic and inorganic waste to accumulate, the Environment and Hygiene Service provides garbage disposal sites at several points, but still the garbage is scattered on the roadside, and the smell disturbs road users who pass. Garbage accumulation is more focused on inorganic waste which is managed by the waste bank unit. The Department of Environment and Hygiene has several units of garbage bins scattered in several sub-districts in the city of Dumai, one of which is the Bukit Kapur Garbage Bank Unit, currently the management of the waste bank is still using written media to record transaction data on waste sales, reporting is sometimes too late, The accumulation of sales funds often results in miscalculations. For this reason, create a digital application that can help the Waste Bank unit in managing inorganic waste. With this digital waste bank application, it can make it easier for officers to manage waste management and can provide information related to waste banks to the surrounding community. Testing this application using the System Usability Scale (SUS) to evaluate the usability of the application that has been designed. The usability value of this Digital Waste Bank application is 77.8 which means it is in the acceptable category.