Gap Characteristics Research Articles

Temperature dependence of the properties of the Li0.81Ag0.19InSe2 nonlinear crystal

The factors that determine the prospects of a crystal for frequency conversion of laser radiation in a wide range to the mid and far infrared (IR) ranges are nonlinear parameters and laser damage threshold (LDT). The latter is determined by the band gap and thermophysical characteristics. This work was devoted to studying the features of the structure change of the Li0.81Ag0.19InSe2 crystal in the temperature range 90–490 K. The temperature dependences of the thermal expansion coefficients, dispersion and optical characteristics in this range were studied. A relationship between the temperature change in the structure and other parameters has been established. In Li0.81Ag0.19InSe2 crystals, pyroluminescence was observed during heating or cooling in the range of 100–300 K, which indicates the crystal is attributed to pyroelectrics. The dispersion characteristics (nx, ny and nz) for wavelengths of 2 and 7 μm were studied, the values of birefringence Δn (nz - nx) were calculated in the temperature range 300–500 K. The detected fluctuations of Δn in the temperature range from 300 to 478 K may be associated with structural changes.

Effect of Azo Dye on Electro-Optic and Optical Band Gap Characteristics in ZnO Nanoparticles Induced Vertically Aligned Liquid Crystal Cells

Alignment of liquid crystal (LC) molecules in vertical direction is the most promising and interesting aspect for display devices in view of scientific and technological growth. Moreover, in accordance with the photovoltaic device applications, liquid crystals (LCs) show numerous applications. In the present work, the impact of dye as dopant with appropriate amount, over the electro-optic (E-O) and band gap properties as well as phase behaviour of vertically aligned liquid crystals (VALCs) has been studied and discussed. Initially, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were mixed to induce the vertical alignment (VA) in confined cell. Then, to prepare the dye doped LC sample, 0.125% of azo dye as dopant was uniformly mixed in the host sample. The results showed enhanced E-O characteristics with reduction in optical band gap as calculated using UV Visible study in 0.125% dye doped cell as compared to host sample cell.

Monocrystalline silicon materials with the group IVA elements doped: A first-principles analysis

In this paper, the changes of lattice constant, stability and electronic structural properties of Si64−xMx (M=C, Ge, Sn, Pb; x=0, 1, 2, 3, 4) doped system under various doping types and concentrations were studied by using first principles calculation to determine the influence of doped IVA family elements on the properties of monocrystalline silicon materials. The results have shown that, the Ge, Sn and Pb doped systems will produce an expansion effect, and the lattice constant of the C doped system will decrease with the increasing of the number of doped atoms, and will have the greatest impact on the lattice constant of the system. The increase in defect formation energy is Pb¿C¿Sn¿Ge, the Ge doped system is the easiest to synthesize; and as the doping concentration increases, the defect formation energy of each doping system also increases, indicating that high concentration doping systems are more difficult to synthesize. There are no virtual frequencies in the phonon spectra of all doped systems, and the systems are thermally stable. In addition, doping will gradually reduce the bandgap width as the doping concentration increases. The band gap characteristics will also change: when doped with C, the system will become Metalloid; when doped with Ge, the system remains unchanged; when doped with Sn and Pb, the system will become a direct band gap semiconductor. From the perspective of band gap and charge differential density, the effect of different doping elements on enhancing electronic transitions is C¿Pb¿Sn¿Ge. This means that C doping system has the best improvement in conductivity.

Systematic first-principles investigation of electronic, optical and thermoelectric properties of all-inorganic layered ruddlesden-popper mixed halide perovskite Cs2SnI2Br2

Report on systematic study of the impact of layer dependent structural properties, electronic structures and optical characteristics on the two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) perovskite Cs2SnI2Br2 using first principles computation within the density functional theory method including a spin orbit coupling contribution. Our results reveal that the predicted 2D-layered RP perovskite Cs2SnI2Br2 are structurally and energetically stable which can be realized in experiments. It is also shown that the band gap and optical absorption characteristics of the 2D-layered RP perovskite Cs2SnI2Br2 are dependent on thickness variation. Interestingly, Cs2SnI2Br2 exhibited an interesting absorption coefficient in the visible region. The transport equations were solved in order to evaluate the effect of the Sn based 2D-layered RP perovskite on thermoelectric performance. It is found that Cs2SnI2Br2 has lower thermal conductivity and higher electrical conductivity for T = 300 K. In addition, Cs2SnI2Br2 is expected to get the highest figure of merit. This result provides an outstanding opportunity for this 2D RP perovskite with potential applications in solar cells and thermoelectric applications.

Beryllium oxide fullerene-like as a highly efficient sensor for formaldehyde: a DFT inspection

In tropospheric hydrocarbon oxidation triggered by the OH radical, formaldehyde (H2CO) is an essential reactive intermediate product. because of its toxicity and volatility, formaldehyde is harmful to human health. Therefore, formaldehyde removal is important for environmental pollution study. For multiple adsorption states, we present the adsorption energies, structures, energy gap (Eg), charge transfer, and electronic characteristics of formaldehyde (H2CO) on primary cations Li+, Li-, and two Li-encapsulated fullerene-like beryllium oxides (Be12O12, Li+@Be12O12, Li@Be12O12, and 2Li@Be12O12, respectively). By using DFT calculations, the results have been interpreted. The results show that the H2CO molecule weakly adsorbs to fullerene-like Be12O12, resulting in an energy release of around −0.38 to −0.14 eV and no substantial changes to its electrical characteristics. Compared to pure fullerene-like Be12O12, the H2CO adsorption properties of Li+@Be12O12, Li@Be12O12, and 2Li@Be12O12 are significantly improved. With the addition of H2CO, the most stable configuration energy gaps (Eg) shrank from 3.49 to 2.96 eV in the Li@Be12O12 and 2Li@Be12O12 samples. Additionally, it was demonstrated that following H2CO adsorption, the electrical conductance of Li@Be12O12 and 2Li@Be12O12 may be enhanced. The presence of H2CO molecules affects Li@Be12O12 and 2Li@Be12O12.

Design, synthesis, and density functional theory studies of a new selective chemosensor for Pb2+

Herein, we have focused on a new colorimetric ligand synthesized from the reaction of 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzene-1,3-dialdehyde with 2-amino-thiophenol, and investigated its activity as a sensor. In this regard, the sensory activity of the ligand towards different ions (Mn2+, Cu2+, Co2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Ag+, Na+, Cs+, Mg2+, Al3+, Ba2+, K+, and Pb2+) was studied. The specificity of ion bindings is discussed through UV–Vis analysis. The ligand that was synthesized showed remarkable sensitivity, with a detection limit of 0.001 ppb. Additionally, the presence of Pb2+ ions can be visually detected through a color change from colorless to yellow. In the last part of this work, we seek to predict the available experimental measurements. Density functional theory (DFT) and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) are employed to examine the bonding between the ligand and the Pb2+ ion. The effect of water solvent was thoroughly examined for all the steps via the conductor-like Polarizable Continuum Model (CPCM). The theoretical findings revealed that electronic properties, including energy gap, adsorption energy, charge/energy transfer, and optical characteristics, undergo significant changes when Pb2+ cations are present. Hence, it can be inferred that the newly synthesized chemosensor (NC) is highly efficient in detecting Pb2+.

Design of a Low Profile Archimedean Spiral Antenna using Compact Defected Ground Structure as a Reflector

In this paper, design and realisation of a low profile Archimedean spiral antenna is presented. The low profile Archimedean spiral antenna is printed on a substrate and backed by a reflector consisting of DGS. The DGS unit cell consists of a parallel combination of meander line inductors and inter-digital capacitors. This, DGS is one of the forms of electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structures providing electromagnetic band gap characteristics. It is used as a reflector with spiral antenna to achieve unidirectional radiation properties and a low profile of antenna. A modified version of uniplanar EBG cell is used as a DGS cell. This cell is used for configuration of the DGS ground plane. This ground plane is evaluated for its electrical characteristics and used as a reflector for the spiral antenna. Archimedean Spiral antenna is designed and simulated in the frequency band of 1-6GHz with DGS as a reflector. The antenna characteristics are studied for physical parameters of the antenna. These parameters are optimized for better electrical characteristics. The performance of the proposed antenna is also compared with conventional metallic (PEC) reflectors. Simulated results of an antenna are validated by measurement. Antenna height reduction of 60% is achieved compared to conventional cavity-backed spiral antennas.

Machine learning assisted approach to design lattice materials with prescribed band gap characteristics

An artificial intelligence-assisted design framework for designing lattice materials with prescribed band gap characteristics in the range of 0–1000 kHz is proposed. The framework utilizes the double-walled hexagonal lattice which exhibits limited and narrow band gaps. The band gap characteristics of the double-walled hexagonal lattice are enhanced by increasing their number and width by imposing sinusoidal periodic perturbations on the lattice's cell walls. The imposed perturbations are controlled through their frequency and amplitude. A wide range of frequencies and amplitudes are considered to realize perturbed lattices with band gaps that cover the entire frequency range between 0 and 1000 kHz. The band gaps of each perturbed lattice over a range of porosities are obtained using finite element analysis. Machine learning, namely parallel multilayer neural networks, is used to model the relationship between porosity, perturbation amplitude and frequency on one side and band gap characteristics on the other. Results show that the proposed neural networks can predict the band gap characteristics with an average accuracy that exceeds 80%. The proposed neural networks are used to invert the topology-band gap relationship and determine the lattice parameters needed to provide a prescribed band gap characteristic. Based on the achieved accuracy of the proposed neural networks, the neural networks are used in the design framework to identify a few candidate solutions which are subsequently filtered using finite element analysis. The proposed framework promises to significantly minimize the time-consuming iterations associated with designing lattices with prescribed band gap behavior. Finally, a case study is used to demonstrate the application of the proposed framework to design a lattice material with a band gap between 575 and 625 kHz.

Electronic, transport and optical properties of ZnO/GaN heterostructures: first-principles study

The electronic, transport and optical properties of the trilayer of ZnO and GaN heterostructures are investigated using density functional study to understand its role in optoelectronic devices. For layered systems, Zn over N and Ga over O stacking arrangement of ZnO over GaN is most favorable. The calculated formation energies reflect the energetically favorable condition of ZnO/GaN heterostructures. The GaN/ZnO/GaN is a more energetically favorable stacking arrangement as compared to ZnO/GaN/ZnO. The band gap of trilayer systems decreases as compared to that of bilayer and monolayer. The ZnO/GaN bilayer and ZnO/GaN/ZnO trilayer show direct band gap characteristics with the value of 1.71 and 1.61 eV, respectively. The GaN/ZnO/GaN shows an indirect band gap of 1.47 eV. The higher recombination rate of ZnO/GaN/ZnO is useful to develop a base for optical emission devices. The transport calculations show that, the magnitude of current flowing through the system increases with the layers of heterosystems and specifically higher for GaN/ZnO/GaN heterostructure. The enhanced channel conductance and higher mobility of GaN/ZnO/GaN heterostructure are crucial for the development of high mobility transistors. The improved absorption energy and dielectric properties are observed for trilayer systems as compared to that of the bilayer and monolayer and may be useful for optical devices. The higher optical efficiency is observed for GaN/ZnO/GaN as compared to ZnO/GaN/ZnO heterostructure system and opens up a way toward optical waveguides and reflectors.

Analysis of the band gap characteristics of a new type of three-dimensional single phase phononic crystal

A novel three-dimensional single-phase phononic crystal is proposed. Compared with the traditional multi-component three-dimensional phononic crystal, the single-phase phononic crystal has a low broadband gap, a single structure material, and a stable and portable structure. COMSOL software was used to calculate the band structure, vibration mode and transmission characteristics of single cell. Change the material parameters and structural parameters of the structure to study the change of energy band. The results show that there are five complete band gaps in the frequency range of 0–2400 Hz, and the low frequency range forms a broadband gap with a relative bandwidth of more than 0.7. The low band gap is mainly caused by the coupled vibration of scatterers, while the high band gap is mainly affected by the matrix frame. The thicker the scatterer, the lower the overall band gap, the easier to form a low broadband gap; By changing the material parameters, the normalized frequency of the first complete band gap of the structure remains within 0.1. The range and width of the band gap can be controlled by adjusting the scatterer. The designed structure is suitable for low frequency vibration and noise reduction.

Broadband vibration attenuation study and wave propagation analysis of extended arrow tetragonal lattice structure

In order to reduce vibration and noise with wide frequency, a new extended arrow tetragonal lattice topology is proposed. The band gap characteristics are discussed by combining the finite element method and Bloch’s theorem. The generation principle of band gap is explained by vibration mode analysis. By topological optimization of the structure, band gap has obvious optimization effect. The propagation characteristics of elastic waves with a specific frequency in the structure are studied from the point of view of energy. Finally, the band gap frequency range is compared with the transmission function, and the stress cloud diagram is analyzed. The research shows that the structure has good band gaps and can play a good role in vibration and noise reduction. Through the topological design of the structure, the band gap frequency range of the structure is optimized, which provides a new design idea for wide frequency vibration attenuation.

The propagation characteristics of flexural wave in periodic ballast track

The vertical vibration band gap characteristics of the ballast track were investigated in this paper. The rail was simplified as a beam with double layer of periodic supports. The dispersion characteristics were studied considering the rail as Timoshenko beam, using the plane wave expansion method. The eigenvalue equation of the Timoshenko beam with complex boundary conditions, which was a problem for the traditional plane wave expansion method, has been solved using special mathematical solution of matrix inversion. The band gap of the flexural waves in periodic track structure was confirmed by the rail vibration transmission characteristics obtained from the experiments. The physical significance of band gap frequency was analyzed in detail in this paper. In addition, we give a more accurate prediction model of Bragg band gap frequency of periodic track structure compared previous studies. The band gap of the flexural waves in periodic track structure was confirmed by the rail vibration transmission characteristics obtained from the experiments. The influence of temperature force on the band gap characteristics of the flexural waves was also analyzed, and a sensitivity index of temperature force was given as a result. The results indicate that the square of the band gap frequency has a linear relation with the longitudinal temperature force, which is different from the previous research.

Observation of periodic structures and pseudogaps in pristine compound α-TiNCl by STM/STS and break junction methods

Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS) and break-junction tunnel spectroscopy (B.TTS) measurements are performed on the pristine layered α-TiNCl semiconductor (pri-TiNCl), being the precursor of superconducting nitride chlorides. The STM topography of pri-TiNCl shows basic crystal structures with the lattice periods of a0≈ 0.38 nm and b0≈ 0.31 nm, ensuring that a clean a–b surface of micro-single crystals is obtained. From the STS measurements, the averaged conductance versus voltage dependence dI/dV(V) reveals kink structures at relatively high bias voltages of |F| ∼ −50 mV and −100 mV. The spatial (r-) conductance distributions dI/dV (V, r) (dI/dV maps) proportional to those of quasiparticle local densities of states (LDOSes) exhibit the bias-independent streak structures with the period of (4.8 ± 0.2) b0, which are predominantly observed within the range of |V| < 95 mV. The temperature dependence of the dI/dV B.TTS spectra shows the gap structure with the energy scale of 4Σ = 180 meV vanishing at Ts ∼ 120 K. Thus, the ratio of the gap Σ to the transition temperature Ts is 2Σ/kBTs ∼ 10. Here, kB is the Boltzmann constant. Such a ratio is typical of the pseudogap features in cuprate superconductors and dielectric gap characteristics in layered chalcogenides with charge-density waves.

Harnessing chiral buckling structure to design tunable local resonance metamaterial for low-frequency vibration isolation

This paper proposes a tunable local resonance metamaterial with chiral buckling structures for low-frequency vibration isolation. The unit cell consists of the inner and outer buckling stiffness structure, basic structure, and local resonator. The bistability of three kinds of unit cells with different initial shapes of beams is investigated and compared via the elliptic integral method and finite element analysis. Then, their axial stiffness in different states is studied. The dynamic responses of the metamaterial with simple unit cells and hybrid supercells are theoretically derived and analyzed by Bloch's theorem and transfer coefficient method. Theoretical, numerical, and experimental results demonstrate that the unit cell with initially convex downward beams has strong bistability and determinate deformation modes. The axial stiffness of the unit cell in two stable states differs by an order of magnitude. Changing some specific parameters broadens the gap in the axial stiffness between the two stable states. The axial negative stiffness characteristics and rotation effect of the unit cell have the potential for energy dissipation and tensile-torsion material. The metamaterial with simple unit cells has tunable and wide band gap and low-frequency vibration isolation via the stable states switching of the inner and outer buckling stiffness structures. The metamaterial with hybrid supercells can further broaden the band gap width and lower the band gap frequency, which has up to 16 different band gap characteristics.

Study of Rheological-Mechanical Properties and Vibration Mechanics Bandgap of Row Pile Foundation

To analyze the rheological and mechanical properties as well as the vibration-mechanical forbidden zone effect of row pile foundations, this paper employs time-dependent modulus to examine the rheological mechanics of soil. Drawing from viscoelastic theory, we derive the expression of deformation modulus in the frequency domain to analyze the frequency dependence of the shear modulus of rheological soils. We construct a continuous medium dynamics model of the pile-soil periodic structure, taking into account soil rheology, and derive the dispersion equation of shear waves in the periodic structure using the multiple scattering method. The band gap characteristics and parameters that influence the law of shear waves in rheological soil-row pile foundations are studied through the analysis of arithmetic cases. The results show that under the loading condition, the zero-frequency shear modulus of soil is larger than the initial modulus value, and the real part of the shear modulus decreases monotonically with the increase of frequency and finally converges to the initial modulus value; under the unloading condition, the zero-frequency shear modulus of soil is smaller than the initial modulus value, and the real part of the shear modulus increases monotonically with the increase of frequency and finally converges to the initial modulus value; the larger the relaxation time of soil, the faster the convergence rate; the imaginary part of the shear modulus of soil The imaginary part of the soil shear modulus is positive under loading condition and negative under unloading condition, the value of the imaginary part increases and then decreases with increasing frequency and finally converges to 0. The imaginary part reaches the peak at the critical frequency, the larger the relaxation time the smaller the critical frequency, and the peak of the imaginary part is independent of the relaxation time. This study analyzed the dispersion curve of shear waves in a pile-soil periodic structure and found that increasing low-frequency shear wave velocity in rheological soil pile foundation shifts the band gap position to a higher frequency band, resulting in a smaller band gap width than in linear elastic soil. The relaxation time of soil affects the frequency position and width of the band gap, with larger relaxation times resulting in higher frequency positions and smaller widths. Additionally, soil rheology widens the forbidden vibration band gap of the pile periodic structure when the filling rate of the pile foundation is larger.

A Markov Model of Gap Occurrence in Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data for Realistic in Silico Clinical Trials

Background and objectiveContinuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensors measure interstitial glucose concentration every 1-5 min for days or weeks. New CGM-based diabetes therapies are often tested in in silico clinical trials (ISCTs) using diabetes simulators. Accurate models of CGM sensor inaccuracies and failures could help improve the realism of ISCTs. However, the modeling of CGM failures has not yet been fully addressed in the literature. This work aims to develop a mathematical model of CGM gaps, i.e., occasional portions of missing data generated by temporary sensor errors (e.g., excessive noise or artifacts). MethodsTwo datasets containing CGM traces collected in 167 adults and 205 children, respectively, using the Dexcom G6 sensor (Dexcom Inc., San Diego, CA) were used. Four Markov models, of increasing complexity, were designed to describe three main characteristics: number of gaps for each sensor, gap distribution in the monitoring days, and gap duration. Each model was identified on a portion of each dataset (training set). The remaining portion of each dataset (real test set) was used to evaluate model performance through a Monte Carlo simulation approach. Each model was used to generate 100 simulated test sets with the same size as the real test set. The distributions of gap characteristics on the simulated test sets were compared with those observed on the real test set, using the two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the Jensen-Shannon divergence. ResultsA six-state Markov model, having two states to describe normal sensor operation and four states to describe gap occurrence, achieved the best results. For this model, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test found no significant differences between the distribution of simulated and real gap characteristics. Moreover, this model obtained significantly lower Jensen-Shannon divergence values than the other models. ConclusionsA Markov model describing CGM gaps was developed and validated on two real datasets. The model describes well the number of gaps for each sensor, the gap distribution over monitoring days, and the gap durations. Such a model can be integrated into existing diabetes simulators to realistically simulate CGM gaps in ISCTs and thus enable the development of more effective and robust diabetes management strategies.

Vibrational loss analysis of a new type of phononic crystal with a tungsten block embedded inside a rubber matrix

Vibration and noise pollution is one of the main pollution in modern society. In order to obtain good vibration damping effect, more effective phononic crystals should be designed. Based on the theory of elastic wave propagation in solids, three types of phononic crystals are designed in this paper using tungsten blocks embedded in a rubber matrix, which are cup-shaped phononic crystal, solid cylindrical phononic crystal, and hollow cylindrical phononic crystal. Firstly, the band gap characteristics and vibration losses of the three phononic crystals are analyzed by using the finite element method. Secondly, the physical mechanism of band gap formation is explored by vibration modes. Finally, the cup-shaped phononic crystal was introduced into the core layer of the sandwich plate to form the cup-shaped phononic crystal sandwich plate, and its vibration damping performance was analyzed. The results show that the three phononic crystals can form three band gaps in the range of 0–800 Hz, and the first low-frequency band gap starts at about 140 Hz and is all wider than 200 Hz. It is noteworthy that the average loss of vibration transmission of the three types of phononic crystals is more than 69 dB, which possesses stronger damping capability and wider low- and middle-frequency band gaps than the flat plate type phononic crystals. The vibration direction of the phononic crystal is at an angle of 90° to the wave vector, which prevents the propagation of elastic waves. The phononic crystal embedded in the sandwich panel plate is more in line with the actual demand of vibration damping and obtains good vibration damping effect. The research in this paper can provide more feasibility for phononic crystal damping.

Band gap characteristics of multi-functional lattice metamaterials with adjustable thermal expansion and Poisson's ratio

The current development of science and technology has put increased demands on the versatility of metamaterials. In this paper, the band gap characteristics of a lattice metamaterial that can simultaneously modulate thermal expansion and Poisson’s ratio are studied, the dispersion characteristics of elastic waves propagating in periodic lattice metamaterials are analyzed, and the effects of different structures and parameters on the band gap are discussed. The results indicate that the configuration has excellent band gap properties while satisfying the tunable coefficient thermal expansion (CTE)and Poisson’s ratio functions. Through reasonable material selection and shape design, it is expected to achieve a multi-objective win-win for specific thermal expansion properties, Poisson’s ratio, and band gap design, resulting in better tunability and versatility of the metamaterial.

Innovative structural design of chiral lattices with low frequency wide multiple band gaps and vibration suppression

In order to achieve low-frequency vibration and noise reduction, this paper proposes an innovative structure based on the four-ligament chiral structure. The band gap characteristics and the principle of band gap generation are numerically analyzed by using the finite element method. By optimizing the proposed structure, the band gap is obviously transferred to the low frequency. The propagation characteristics of elastic waves with a specific frequency on the passband in the proposed structure are studied. Finally, the calculated band gap frequency range is compared with the finite element simulation results, and the two correspond perfectly. The research shows that the proposed structure has a good bandgap frequency range, which can play a good role in suppressing vibration transmission, and by improving the chiral structure of the basic four ligaments, the bandgap frequency range of the structure can be transferred from a high frequency to low frequency, which provides ideological guidance and scheme for the structural design of metamaterial that suppress low-frequency waves.

Thermal expansion regulation and bandgap analysis of a novel dual-constituent negative Poisson’s ratio lattice metamaterial

Negative Poisson's ratio lattice metamaterials (NPR-LM) have broad application prospects in explosion-proof and impact resistance due to their excellent energy absorption and cushioning properties. The development of science and technology has put forward higher requirements for the versatility of materials, but the currently existing lattice metamaterials are often limited to a single function. In this paper, a novel dual-constituent re-entrant hexagonal lattice metamaterial (DRHLM) with tunable thermal expansion behavior, negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) effect, and outstanding band-gap characteristics are designed based on traditional re-entrant hexagonal metamaterial and bi-layer curved rib. The tunable thermal expansion characteristics and NPR effect of DRHLM are verified by analytic and finite element numerical simulation methods. Finally, the bandgap of DRHLM is studied by using the finite element method, and the influence of the bending angle of the ribs on the bandgap is analyzed for DRHLM configurations with different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) and NPRs. The results show that the designed DRHLM can simultaneously achieve different positive/negative/zero CTE and NPR with outstanding band gap characteristics by reasonably selecting material parameters and geometric parameters. This paper provides a new idea for the design of mechanical metamaterials with various properties and functions.