Game Features Research Articles

FUNCTIONS OF BICYCLE MOBILE APPLICATIONS IN THE ASPECT OF LOCAL AND REGIONAL TOURISM AND RECREATIONAL POLICY – AMISTAD CASE STUDY

Purpose. Identification of the functions performed by bicycle mobile applications for individual groups of recipients (stakeholders).Purpose. Identification of the functions performed by bicycle mobile applications for individual groups of recipients (stakeholders).Method. The article is based on the analysis of scientific literature on the subject, enriched by Internet sources, a case study and a comparative analysis of Amistad’s bicycle mobile applications, being their leading producer on the Polish market. Analysis has been carried out based on data from Google Play and App Store platforms, as well as information from the company’s website, observation of activities in the field of B2A2C marketing of this company, as well as a diagnostic survey and unstructured interviews with its head director.Results. A model of functions regarding cycling mobile applications for individual stakeholders and their typification was formulated. The reasons for the limited effectiveness of the interface and business functions of cycling mobile applications are their limited popularity caused by variation in the attractiveness of combining functions, the frequency of updates and the effectiveness of the application promotion system. The most important functions of bicycle mobile applications are related to the mechanisms of accelerating interaction and information flow: social and gamification features related to bicycle navigation.Research and conclusions limitations. Local governments and non-governmental organisations were not examined from the point of view of their perception concerning the functions of cycling mobile applications and effectiveness in their implementation.Practical implications. They refer to the process of designing bicycle mobile applications and creating shared value with their use. They can also contribute to increasing the rationality of public (social) spending allocated to the procurement of mobile applications.Originality. So far, no other in-depth studies on bicycle applications of Polish developers have been conducted.Type of paper. An article presenting the results of literature and empirical research.

DARK DESIGN PATTERNS AND GAMIFICATION AS THE HEART OF DATING APPLICATIONS’ BUSINESS MODELS

Dating applications represent a paradox: on the one hand, they provide a monetized platform for people to form relationships, yet on the other hand, the more people who find partners, the less revenue goes to the company. With this paradox as a backdrop, this extended abstract examines the business model of dating applications by address the following research question: What characterizes the business models of dating applications? To provide a nuanced picture of this, we conducted a 2022-study combining data about dating apps and app users: (A) 22 in-depth interviews with current and previous users (aged 24–49 years) of Norwegian dating applications users; (B) a systematic analysis of 30 serious dating apps in Google Play and Apple’s App Store; and (C) a diary study of four of the 30 dating applications. The findings reveals that dating apps follows a business model that creates revenue through a mix of an in-app purchase-model and subscription fees. The apps typically market themselves as free, yet they use several dark design and gamification features to create and spark emotional curiosity and engagement that in turn brings in revenue to dating app companies. Several of the users stated that they have experienced the apps as manipulative, emotionally exhausting and that they created the same kind of “addiction” or “cravings” they experienced in social media. Clearly, design is not only power, design gives the dating app companies power where designing for emotional engagement is a key value-creating element in their business models.

Development of Educational Media for Adolescent Reproductive Health

The starting point for the human life cycle in preparing for a healthy reproductive process begins during adolescence. During adolescence, rapid hormonal, physical, psychological and social changes occur. Preparing teenagers from physical, mental and social aspects is very important. The current lack of knowledge among teenagers can result in problems for teenagers related to reproductive health. Hence, scientific researchers aim to develop a media application model that can effectively disseminate knowledge and information regarding adolescent reproductive health education. Developing this application is a dedicated endeavour to deliver accessible education to teenagers about adolescent reproductive health in an easy and fun way. Aims: This research aimed to develop educational media and analyse the suitability of the media from material experts, media experts and users. Study design: The type of research was the Research and Development (RnD) using the ADDIE research and development model (Analysis, design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) by Robert Maribe Branch. This research step uses 3 stages, namely needs analysis, design creation and development stages which will be validated by material experts, media experts and users. The research instrument used a questionnaire with a Likert scale and was analysed to see the feasibility classification. Results: This research produced educational media for adolescent reproductive health which has screening, education and educational game features. The results of the material expert assessment were 87.5% (very worth it), media experts 95.2% (very worth it) and 50 teenage respondents (100%) assessed this media as very suitable for use. Conclusion: The development of website-based adolescent reproductive health education media has been carried out and received a very appropriate classification from material experts, media experts and users. This media is very suitable to be applied to teenagers as an effort to increase knowledge about reproductive health in an easy and fun way. Apart from that, this media can be accessed anytime and anywhere by teenagers. The starting point for the human life cycle in preparing for a healthy reproductive process begins during adolescence. During adolescence, rapid hormonal, physical, psychological and social changes occur. Preparing teenagers from physical, mental and social aspects is very important. The current lack of knowledge among teenagers can result in problems for teenagers related to reproductive health. Hence, scientific researchers aim to develop a media application model that can effectively disseminate knowledge and information regarding adolescent reproductive health education. Developing this application is a dedicated endeavour to deliver accessible education to teenagers about adolescent reproductive health in an easy and fun way. Aims: This research aimed to develop educational media and analyse the suitability of the media from material experts, media experts and users. Study design: The type of research was the Research and Development (RnD) using the ADDIE research and development model (Analysis, design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) by Robert Maribe Branch. This research step uses 3 stages, namely needs analysis, design creation and development stages which will be validated by material experts, media experts and users. The research instrument used a questionnaire with a Likert scale and was analysed to see the feasibility classification. Results: This research produced educational media for adolescent reproductive health which has screening, education and educational game features. The results of the material expert assessment were 87.5% (very worth it), media experts 95.2% (very worth it) and 50 teenage respondents (100%) assessed this media as very suitable for use. Conclusion: The development of website-based adolescent reproductive health education media has been carried out and received a very appropriate classification from material experts, media experts and users. This media is very suitable to be applied to teenagers as an effort to increase knowledge about reproductive health in an easy and fun way. Apart from that, this media can be accessed anytime and anywhere by teenagers.

O brincar na zona rural: uma comparação entre o ontem e o hoje

Playing is considered one of the main occupations of the child. Based on the understanding of influences on playing, this work proposes to describe the childhood playing of rural residentes, from an intergenerational perspective. This is a descriptive-exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, carried out with eight mothers and eight daughters living in ​​Limoeiro-PE. In the data collection, the interview technique, the Drawing-History procedure and the field diary were used. For analysis, Bardin's Content Analysis methodology was adopted based on Romeu Gomes' framework. The results identified similarities in play between both generations: space where play usually takes place, family members as the main partners in play and the characteristics of games, toys and pranks. The insertion of new technologies into children´s daily lives, the ease in purchasing industrialized toys and the quality of the toys are seen as the most obvious differences. Given the objective of this study, the number of participants, and unique characteristics of the sampling, the data presented may differ from similar studies in relation to the characteristics of games, toys and games experienced in rural spaces. It could become a guide for new studies and concerns involving the topic.

Duolingo and Learner Autonomy: Investigating The Role of Personalization and Gamification in Promoting Self-directed Language Learning

The purpose of this research is to investigate and seeks to explore how these features promote learner autonomy, and how these features can be optimized to enhance the effectiveness of language learning platforms. The kind of the research is mix-methods and the type is using explanatory sequential design. The data quantitative is taken first after that data qualitative. How to collect data through 2 types : (1) questionnaire about the participants' use of personalization and gamification features in Duolingo, autonomy, and language learning outcomes (2) interview about the participants' perceptions of how personalization and gamification features have affected their autonomy and learning outcomes. The research subjects consisted of 32 respondents from grade 7 students at SMPN 2 Sukowono while for interviews, 3 students were selected to be interviewed based on the score of the questionnaire that received the highest score. Based on the results of the questionnaire, shows that students are at mediate level. So the impact of personalization in self-directed language learning namely the students agree that in the heart feature where if the user makes a mistake their life will run out to play Duolingo again so the user will rest and review the previous lesson before continuing to get another heart. Another impact of personalization was today's review feature on Duolingo. The students agreed that the feature was easier to find out mistakes and correct wrong answers when working on practice questions. Then the impact of gamification in self-directed language learning namely the students strongly agree that the leaderboard feature made them target score and ranking on Duolingo. The second impact was the students agree that were sure to do exercises in Duolingo without a dictionary and translation feature on Duolingo. Next, the students agreed that after using Duolingo, they can know the correct grammar as well. And the last impact was the students agree that they have difficulty in several levels of Duolingo.Students’ perceptions of the use of personalization and gamification on Duolingo in self-directed language learning some of the features that helped them while using Duolingo, such as the translation feature, included the use of gamification in self-directed language learning. They found the translation function helpful in helping them learn new vocabulary. Along with the translation feature, Duolingo players can also develop their speaking and listening skills. They can pronounce the appropriate words and understand what the narrator was saying throughout the talk. Users can view their ranking on the leaderboard within Duolingo. Further, users can set a daily score value. Several of the students in this interview had set goals for their Duolingo grades, while one had not.

Normalization of Chance-Based Mechanisms in Mobile Games for Children: A Descriptive Analysis.

Games for mobiles present strategies to monetize not only from selling a title but from financial exchanges that take place in the game. Those microtransactions motivate players to purchase random or surprise items (known as loot boxes) to customize game features or to overcome narrative obstacles necessary to progress to new levels. Researchers associate the practice with gambling if completing the transaction does not mean the acquisition of an item but the chance to receive it. This research quantified gambling-like features in games available for free, classified by Apple's marketplace as suitable for children from 4 to 8 years old, and from the top-downloaded list. The findings reveal normalization traces of chance-based mechanisms in most of the games. According to the research literature, early exposure to such features may result in problem gambling in adult life. This paper concluded that legal changes and more information provided by the marketplaces are needed to raise awareness of gambling-like practices in mobile games.

DESIGNING A 3D ROGUELIKE GAME WITH PROCEDURAL CONTENT GENERATION USING THE GRAPH GRAMMARS METHOD

Roguelike is a genre of role-playing video game in which the player explores dungeons through procedurally generated levels. If they lose, the player loses progress, and the character starts over again. Procedural Content Generation (PCG) is a computer program that can create game content automatically, randomly, and uniquely, either by itself or with human assistance. In this study, the 3D roguelike game was designed with players playing a character to explore dungeons. Players will enter at one point, explore the surrounding environment, defeat the enemies encountered, avoid traps, collect treasure, and finally exit at another point. Each time the player starts a new game session, the game will generate a dungeon with a mission structure that changes randomly to create a variety of gameplay. This mission generation is implemented using the Graph Grammar method. The game is built using the Unity game engine and is intended to run on Android devices. Based on the black box test results, all the game's features are running well according to their functions. The built games will be evaluated using the GUESS-18 to determine the level of player satisfaction. Based on the evaluation results, the game is included in the "GOOD" category, with an overall score of 49.07 out of 63 maximum scores. The game that has been built is superior in the aspect of personal gratification, while it is weak in the aspect of social connectivity.

Be a part of the narrative: How audiences are introduced to the “free choice dilemma” in the interactive film Bandersnatch

The first major interactive film on Netflix with live-action scenes was Bandersnatch, released in December 2018. Bandersnatch offers viewers a unique viewing experience distinct from traditional cinema, as it provides the viewer with multiple choices within the narrative trajectory. Digital interactive media technologies have become increasingly popular due to public demand for interactive engagement and a democratisation of text control. There is a social desire to deprive the author of total control over the story; to co-create stories using imagination while adhering to formal limitations and structures; to play with the text as an incomplete form; for the ability to rearrange the story’s order, alter its quality, and other such things. These meet the audience-creative user’s needs and satisfaction (Cover, 2004). Where personal emotions can be invested and free choice can be exercised in cyberspace, the emergence of interactivity as a kind of audience engagement is a robust culturally rooted desire. This article attempts to understand and analyse the uses and gratifications experienced by the audience during the interactive viewing process. However, digital participation proves to have limitations. Through a case study of the interactive film Bandersnatch, this paper explores how the interactivity and the features of video games can be used to give users so-called “free choice,” but that can actually be frustrating and ultimately offer only the illusion that the audience has any significant control over the story. In the end, the decisions made by the audience offer some relevant affordances to the interactive user but eventually proceed to reinforce the ideological control from the production team.

A.A. Gromyko and security policy: setting up for Helsinki

The article continues the study of the role of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the USSR A.A. Gromyko in the formation, development and maintenance of security policy, its principles and structural elements. The relevance of the article is determined by the importance of strategy and strategic thinking in modern foreign policy and diplomacy, their influence on interstate cooperation, the evolution and manageability of international relations. The chronological framework is limited to the events of 1971. The importance of these events allowed the author to identify and characterise some elements of the complex and controversial process of setting up for a future conference on security and cooperation in Europe, as well as to analyse A.A. Gromyko’s strategy of in this setting. The studied materials are presented in six subsections. The scientific novelty of the first subsection lies in the consideration of the logic and features of the diplomatic game of the West. The scientific novelty of the second subsection consists of five differences in the approaches of L.I. Brezhnev and A.A. Gromyko, who could help or hinder the defense of the interests of the Soviet Union at a future conference. The scientific novelty of the third subsection lies in the consideration of the Soviet position on a conference on security and cooperation in Europe by Western diplomats. The scientific novelty of the fourth and fifth subsections was determined by the proof of the hypothesis that A.A. Gromyko had two plans - in case the conference was convened or postponed. In the fourth and fifth subsections, the author presents the main activities and expected results of «Plan A» and «Plan B». The sixth subsection is devoted to conclusions that can be classified into historical conclusions (conclusion 3) and historical and political conclusions (conclusions 1-2, 4-5). The results obtained make it possible to test hypotheses related to the influence of the personal factor (long-term holding of a responsible position; constant strengthening of influence, authority and opportunities) on foreign policy and evolutionary processes in the systems of international relations. In relation to 1971, the author discovered Soviet version of the “magnet theory” developed by A.A. Gromyko's. The sources of the article are published documents of the Foreign Office of the Federal Republic of Germany, the use of which can be explained methodologically. It was important for the author to conduct the analysis on the basis of the foreign partners' assessment of the statements made by the Soviet Foreign Minister during official negotiations (outer reflection). The author's reasoning should be understood in the context of his earlier article in the journal.

Research on the Prediction on the Sales of Electronic Games

This essay's primary goal is to predict and analyze the sales characteristics of electronic games based on different features, including but not limited to release time, ranking, publisher, and game genre. The methods employed in this paper include a neural network architecture where the activation function is ReLU , XGBoost model, and LightGBM model. Through experiments, this paper effectively constructs machine learning models using these three methods to predict video game sales. Furthermore, the performance of these three methods is compared and analyzed using three evaluation metrics: root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean squared error (MSE). And the prediction error of each model is plotted as a related line chart to visually show the details of the three methods in analyzing this problem. Finally, by comparing the experimental results of these three methods in the field of electronic game sales prediction, this article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of neural networks, XGBoost, and LightGBM in related problem analysis, providing readers with reference and reference.

Memory Enhancer Games: A General-purpose Game-based Intelligent Tutoring System

Students of today are exposed to technologies that are either educationally effective or distractive. Most of them are having a hard time learning in a traditional classroom setup, are easily distracted, and have difficulty remembering lessons just learned and prerequisite skills needed in learning new lessons. Game-Based Intelligent Tutoring System (GB-ITS) is a technology that provides an individualized learning experience based on student’s learning needs. GB-ITS mimics a teacher doing one-on-one teaching, also known as tutoring, which is more cost-efficient than human tutors. This study developed a general-purpose Memory Enhancer Games system, in a form of a GB-ITS. This study was conducted at Calasiao Comprehensive National High School, identified the game type that best enhances memory and the game features for this proposed system through a questionnaire by (9) ICT teacher respondents. The developed system in this study has undergone validity testing by (8) ICT teachers and professors from Schools Division I of Pangasinan, and of a University in Dagupan City, and acceptability testing by (100) senior high school students of Calasiao Comprehensive National High School, 1st semester of school year 2022-2023, using Likert scale to determine its appropriateness as an intelligent learning tool. The results of the game design questionnaire confirmed the studies of which elements were ideal for a GB-ITS, and both the validity and acceptability survey questionnaires with overall weighted means of 4.57 and 4.08, show that the system is a valid and acceptable intelligent learning tool. The developed MEG can also be of use for testing game features for educational effectiveness and can also contribute to any future study which will conduct to test whether a general-purpose GBL or GB-ITS model would compare; if won’t equal the effectiveness of GBLs designed for delivering specific contents or subjects.

Medical practice in gamified online communities: Longitudinal effects of gamification on doctor engagement

Gamification is used to increase the engagement of doctors on online health platforms. We track 2,106 doctors from a leading online health community (Good Doctor) over one year to investigate how gamification features (i.e., how actively doctors embellish their profiles and how they perform in popularity indicators via points and virtual gifts received) affect doctors’ future health service provision. The results showed that gamification can lead to high long-term doctor engagement. Specifically, virtual gifts and points were positively associated with doctors’ instrumental and socio-emotional participation, whereas customization was positively associated with doctors’ instrumental participation.

Tower Defense Game Design based on Unity3D

In today's society, with the rapid development of computer technology, personal computers have been integrated into our lives, and computer games have become a way of entertainment for people. Among them, tower defense games, as a branch of strategy games, have also been loved by the majority of players. On the computer game download platform, such as Steam's download list, you can also see all kinds of excellent tower defense games listed, such as “Bloom TD” and “Plants vs. Zombies”. However, in recent years, most tower defense games lack innovation, and the level game play is monotonous. Players are beginning to get tired of the gameplay of classic tower defense games, and their popularity has begun to decline. In order to solve this problem, this article is based on the Unity3D game engine, combined with the characteristics of UGC and RTS games, and made some innovations to the classic tower defense games. According to the actual needs, a tower defense game called “The Rise of The Tribes” was developed. The main work of this paper is to analyze and design The game, realize The switching between The three scenes in The game and each interface, and solve how to build buildings, how to defend defensive buildings, and how to deploy and move soldiers and attack, how to generate, collect and consume resources, completed The debugging and testing of The game, summarized the development process and made an outlook on how to improve the game.

Game-Based Learning in Neuroscience: Key Terminology, Literature Survey, and How To Guide to Create a Serious Game.

Game-based learning (GBL) has emerged as a promising approach to engage students and promote deep learning in a variety of educational settings. Neurology and neuroscience are complex fields that require an understanding of intricate neural structures and their functional roles. GBL can support the acquisition and application of such knowledge. In this article, we give an overview of the current state of GBL in neuroscience education. First, we review the language of gaming, establishing conceptual definitions for game elements, gamification, serious games, and GBL. Second, we discuss a literature review of games in the educational literature for adult learners involved in neuroscience. Third, we review available games intended for neuroscience education. Finally, we share tips for educators interested in developing their own educational games. By leveraging the unique features of games, including interactivity, feedback, and immersive experiences, educators and learners can engage with complex neuroscience concepts in a fun, engaging, and effective way.

Analyzing the Influences of Puzzle Games on Learners’ Learning

Puzzle games has been one of the essential approaches in education. This paper analyzes its positive and negative influence on learners’ learning, which aims to explore the possible impacts of puzzle games on learners’ learning based on the features of puzzle games. Specifically,the paper focuses on recent studies about puzzle games, learning theories, and any other related topics. Overall,this paper finds that the positive influences of puzzle games include immersive learning, motivational learning, and high-level learning, while negative influences involve low efficiency and declined learning outcomes caused by imbalance. The finding indicates that educational game designers should take these possible influences into consideration, maximizing the positive ones and avoiding the negative ones.

Museum Games and Personal Epistemology: A Study on Students’ Critical Thinking with a Mixed Reality Game

This study examines how 12-15-year-old students use information while playing Geome, a mixed reality game intended for museum school visits. Geome presents environmental issues, prompting students and asking them to discern and dismiss misinformation and rumors. The study aims to analyze the students' playful learning experience and their perspective on the game. It focuses on the students' critical thinking, interactions and beliefs about knowledge and knowing, referred to as personal epistemology. Adopting a qualitative approach, the research was conducted across three classes in a museum. A combination of audio, video, and in-game interactions was collected from specific moments during gameplay and analyzed according to epistemological dimensions (Certainty, Simplicity, Source, Justification). Video analysis suggests that when faced with ill-structured problems within a playful scenario, some students are spurred to actively process information and develop critical thinking skills. Meanwhile others remain entrenched in their initial conceptions about the nature of knowledge and the act of knowing. The study discusses how the game's characteristics shape students' personal epistemology. Overall, this research demonstrates that games in museum contexts have the potential to promote active learning and critical thinking in some students, when confronted with complex or ill-structured problems.

Remote Parkinson's disease severity prediction based on causal game feature selection

Telemonitoring of Parkinson's disease has important implications for early diagnosis and treatment of patients. Most of the existing feature selection methods for remote prediction of PD severity are based on correlation and rarely consider causality, thus compromising the robustness of the model. Therefore, a causal game-based feature selection (CGFS) model is proposed for remote PD symptom severity assessment. Firstly, to address the challenge of small data size, the similar patient transfer strategy is designed to find data from source domain patients with conditions similar to those of the target patient. Secondly, the undirected equivalent greedy search method is employed to construct the causal graph between features and PD severity scores, and the robustness of the model is improved by selecting causal features. Then, to enhance the prediction accuracy, this paper utilizes the cooperative game approach Shapley value to evaluate the contribution of neighborhood nodes of the target value, and selects the features with causality and high contribution to form the final feature subset. Finally, the subset is input into the random forest to further enhance robustness and performance of the model. Experiments on Parkinson’s telemonitoring dataset and the tapping dataset with different biomarkers show that the robustness of the feature subset selected by the CGFS model, and the prediction performance is better than advanced models compared. Therefore, the validity and universality of the CGFS method is demonstrated in remote PD severity prediction.

Quantum Tapsilou—A Quantum Game Inspired by the Traditional Greek Coin Tossing Game Tapsilou

This paper introduces a new quantum game called Quantum Tapsilou that is inspired by the classical traditional Greek coin tossing game tapsilou. The new quantum game, despite its increased complexity and scope, retains the most important characteristic of the traditional game. In the classical game, both players have 14 probability to win. The quantum version retains this characteristic feature, which is that both players have the same probability to win, but only now this probability varies considerably and depends on previous moves and choices. The two most important novelties of Quantum Tapsilou can be attributed to its implementation of entanglement via the use of rotation gates instead of Hadamard gates, which generates Bell-like states with unequal probability amplitudes, and the integral use of groups. In Quantum Tapsilou both players agree on a specific cyclic rotation group of order n, for some sufficiently large n. The game is based on the chosen group, in the sense that both players will draw their moves from its elements. More specifically, both players will pick rotations from this group to realize their actions using the corresponding Ry rotation gates. In the Quantum Tapsilou game, it is equally probable for both players to win. This fact is in accordance with a previous result in the literature showing that quantum games where both players choose their actions from the same group, exhibit perfect symmetry by providing each player with the possibility to pick the move that counteracts the other player’s action.

Exploring factors affecting Chinese adolescents' perceived usefulness and engagement with a stress management app: a qualitative study.

Providing adolescents with stress management interventions via mobile apps has potential for overcoming barriers to traditional in-person services, such as stigma, cost and travel. However, the effectiveness remains uncertain and engagement level remains low. Therefore, it is essential to understand adolescents' user experience of such apps, however, such research is scarce. This study aimed to address this research gap by exploring factors affecting Chinese adolescents' perceived usefulness and engagement of a stress management app, which was developed for them. A qualitative study design involving focus group interviews and inductive thematic analysis was adopted. A purposive sampling method was employed, resulting in five focus groups (n = 39 adolescents). Two themes emerged: (1) mechanism and determinants of usefulness and (2) facilitators and barriers to engagement. The app was found to be helpful in managing chronic and simple stressors by promoting positive behavior, cognition, and physical changes. Relevance to real-life situations, peer support, and planning and monitoring features were found to increase usefulness. Participants suggested adding one-on-one chat support for managing acute stressors. Multimedia, logical content arrangement, combining psychoeducation and skills training, gamification, customization, and an appealing user interface were engaging factors for adolescents, whilst text-heavy content, pedagogical and monotonous tones, technical issues were found to disengage adolescents. Stress management apps should involve simple and evidence-based coping skills training, target adolescents' real-life problems, promote positive peer influence, address both chronic and acute stressors. Additionally, such apps should have logical arrangement of content, be interactive and customizable, and involve multimedia and gamification features to engage adolescents.

Design of Exo Physics Book Based on Mobile Application as a Means of Literacy Learning Media for Remote Areas in Indonesia

The Indonesian Ministry of Education pays a lot of attention to education in remote areas. The lack of equal education and the level of access to education are two of the main reasons. In remote areas of Indonesia, there are still very few educational facilities, either in the form of infrastructure or other facilities, one of which is learning resources. Today's learning resources can only be used in well-developed, easy-to-reach cities. They can't be used in less-developed, remote, or remotest areas. Reports and results of observations from some remote areas say that almost all children have used Android, but not to play games as it was meant to be used. It opens up opportunities, especially for making learning tools that can be used anywhere and at any time without a stable internet connection. This means that kids can use them whenever and wherever they want. Therefore, the Exo physics book is designed with this in mind. This study aims to develop a learning resource as a packaged Android application using design thinking and scientific literacy approaches. (1)empathizing, (2) defining, (3) idling, (4) prototyping, and (5) testing comprise the design thinking phase. Five schools in remote parts of Southeast Sulawesi were used to test products with students and teachers as respondents. The result of the development of Learning media is called Exo physic book which is equipped with learning video and game features in addition to materials and questions. The findings of the analysis of teacher and student responses to the Exo physic book strongly support point 4 that it should be used as a resource for learning support. Therefore, Exo physics books can be used as one of the learning resources because the design development pays attention to network access needs so that students can use it anywhere and anytime