Game Broadcast Research Articles

サッカー放送における視点選択のための多視点画像の統合によるボール追跡

サッカー放送における視点選択のための多視点画像の統合によるボール追跡

Gender equity in televised sports: A comparative analysis of men's and women's NCAA division I basketball championship broadcasts, 1991–1995

This study compares the variety and frequency of camera shots and graphics in broadcasts of men's and women's NCAA Division I championship basketball games from 1991 to 1995. Hypotheses predict that broadcasts of women's games—in comparison to broadcasts of men's games—employ fewer camera shots and graphics, use camera shots and graphics of longer duration, and consume significantly less broadcast time. The data partially confirms the first two hypotheses but rejects the third.

THE DREAM TEAM, COMMUNICATIVE DIRT, AND THE MARKETING OF SYNERGY: USA BASKETBALL AND CROSS-MERCHANDISING IN TELEVISION COMMERCIALS

This study uses a reader-oriented approach to understand the use of sports-related communicative “dirt” in the positioning of television commercial readers into an idealized interpretive community during broadcasts of games of the USA basketball “Dream Team” during the 1992 Summer Olympics. The study identifies commercials and their workings based on three types of sports dirt: nationalistic, focusing on sport as a tool for nationalism and the metaphor of team as soldiers; youth sports dream, focusing on the idealized notion in the sports world that if one works hard enough, one's sports dreams can be realized; and sports hero, focusing on the ideal of the sports hero as a role model and the power of the “reflected glory” of identifying with the hero. The discussion focuses on how the apparent polysemic nature of open texts is an important strategy that works to contain readers to variant but nonetheless dominant readings. Particular attention is given to how apparently open constructions of multiculturalism, race, and gender work to limit roles of African Americans and women in sport as well as limit the social role of sport itself.

The Courts and College Football: New Playing Rules Off the Field?

Abstract. Oklahoma and Georgia, two outstanding college football contenders, challenged the National Collegiate Athletic Association's (NCAA) long standing control over television sales of game broadcasts. The case, Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma and the University of Georgia Athletic Association vs. National Collegiate Athletic Association, alleged violations of the Sherman Antitrust Act.1 It captured the attention of those involved in sports and of the legal profession but its significance is wider. It involved basic economic issues. Plaintiffs held that television was not a threat to ticket revenues, the NCAA structure gave control to colleges with little or no interest in football. and the arrangement did not achieve competitive balance. The NCAA's behavior is found to be that of a classic cartel and ending its control widened consumer choice and upgraded product quality.