Game Approach Research Articles

Pilot Evaluation of a Co-Designed Gamified Farm Injury Prevention Educational Resource for Adolescents

ABSTRACT Objectives Adolescents are at-risk of fatal and non-fatal injuries in the farm environment. School-based agricultural safety and farm injury prevention education is likely to be more effective when utilizing co-designed and gamification principles; however, this needs to be tested. This study examined data from a pilot evaluation of a co-designed farm injury prevention gamified educational resource for adolescents. Methods Online, anonymous surveys were conducted with students studying agriculture in regional Australia who had previously participated in the co-design process to develop “Calm Your Farm”. Three courses were developed (vehicles, workshop, and water safety) and before and after playing each of the courses for the first time, students completed survey questions regarding self-reported knowledge on the course topic, and assessment of content, design, ease of play, and how much they learned. Survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi square tests of association, and independent sample t tests. Results We analyzed 66 responses (66.7% male; 60.6% aged 13 years). Staged course release meant all respondents assessed the vehicle and workshop courses, while 58% assessed the water safety course. Vehicle and workshop courses were rated 7.64 out of a possible 10 (SD = 1.85) and 7.65 (SD = 1.78), respectively, for the information presented, slightly higher than water safety (7.47 [SD = 1.91]). Statistically significant improvements in self-reported knowledge post play were seen among boys for the water safety course (63% said knowledge improved; X2 = 4.98; p = .026) and 13-year-olds for vehicles (35%; X2 = 4.31; p = .038) and workshop safety (50%; X2 = 4.29; p = .038). Respondents indicated being more likely to replay the game at school (M = 6.62 [SD = 2.96]) than at home (M = 5.57 [SD = 3.07]). Of respondents, 61% (n = 40) agreed that “Calm Your Farm” taught them more about farm safety and was more fun than other farm safety education previously received. Tractor safety (62%), chemical safety (58%), and firearm safety (58%) were the most popular topics suggested to be added to the game. Conclusion The co-design and gamification approach taken with “Calm Your Farm” appeared to be successful in improving self-reported knowledge around farm injury prevention and was perceived by 62% of the respondents as being fun and educational. Future expansion should incorporate student suggested topics.

Modeling a game to shift peak water demands: WaterTime leaderboard

Residential water demands vary with a diurnal pattern, and peak hour demands lead to inefficiencies in the operation and management of urban water distribution systems. Peak hourly demands generate significant costs due to the energy requirements of producing and pumping large volumes of potable water. High peak demands also require large investments in infrastructure expansion to support urban growth and economic development. This research develops an agent-based model to assess a demand-side management strategy that shifts high hourly demands. This research envisions a gamification system that rewards players through a leaderboard for shifting water end uses for laundry, irrigation, and bathing from on-peak to off-peak periods. Gamification of demand shifting behaviors is enabled through advanced metering infrastructure, which measures hourly or sub-hourly demands at the account level, and can be analyzed to assess water use behaviors. This research develops an Agent-based Modeling approach based on the Opinion Dynamics theory to calculate the changing opinion of household agents toward shifting water demands, based on utility broadcasts, observations of neighbor water use, social media, and participation in a leaderboard. The model is applied for eight months of hourly demand data collected through smart meters at a participating utility. Results show that a high level of participation in the leaderboard increases the adoption rate of customers shifting the time of specific end uses and may account for up to a 37 % reduction of the peak volume. The diurnal curve is flattened as consumers shift water use from on-peak to off-peak hours. The Agent-Based Model - Opinion Dynamics approach can assist water utilities in designing and evaluating gamification approaches that mitigate peak demands to support water infrastructure management.

Approach to the Game Take the Ball to Practice Swimming Skills for Beginners in Physical Education

This study aims to explore the effectiveness of the grab the ball game approach as an alternative method of teaching swimming skills to beginners in physical education. Teaching swimming skills to beginners in physical education is often challenged by the need to create an engaging and effective learning environment for students. This research method uses an experimental approach one group pretest postest with the need for 8 sessions. Swimming skills were assessed before and after the intervention. The research sample was 15 students at Bina Darma University with the category of not able to swim or beginners. Data were collected by measuring test of swimming 50 meters freestyle. Data analysis using paired test between pre-test and post-test with SPSS version 21. Empirical findings show that students who were taught the grab-the-ball approach experienced significant improvements in swimming skills. The resulting t-statistics (23.858 for the pre-test and 19.192 for the post-test) indicate that these differences are very statistically significant, with p-values (Sig.) that are extremely low (p<0.0001). This means that the observed difference between the sample group average and the expected test score is very unlikely to have occurred by chance. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that the grab-the-ball approach can be an effective alternative in teaching swimming skills to beginners in physical education. The implications of these findings highlight the importance of using engaging and playful methods to improve student learning outcomes in swimming skills. Suggestions for future research include extending the research by including a larger sample, which may provide greater statistical power to support research findings in the area of swimming 50 meters freestyle.

A strategic options game approach to support PPP investment decisions under risk-sharing mechanisms

A strategic options game approach to support PPP investment decisions under risk-sharing mechanisms

Evaluating Stakeholders’ Decisions in A Blockchain-Based Recycling Construction Waste Project: A Hybrid Evolutionary Game and System Dynamics Approach

To promote efficient construction waste recycling and reuse, a novel waste management approach based on blockchain technology was introduced to the industry. However, adopting blockchain platforms in construction waste recycling and reuse may impact the behavioral strategies of stakeholders and impede the prediction of the specific impacts of stakeholders’ decisions. Accordingly, this study addresses two primary questions: (1) What are the collaborative framework and the behavioral evolution trends of multiple stakeholders within the context of blockchain? (2) How can the behavioral strategies of multiple stakeholders be systematically coordinated to achieve efficient construction waste recycling and reuse driven by blockchain? To answer these questions, a tripartite game model combined with system dynamics was constructed. In this model, we aimed to elucidate the internal organizational framework, analyze the dynamic evolution process, and assess the influence of decisions made by multiple stakeholders at the individual level. It also offers corresponding policy recommendations for efficient construction waste recycling and reuse driven by blockchain at the system level. This study offers three innovations. First, it considers the decision-making of multiple stakeholders as an interdependent and coevolutionary process to overcome the defects of analyzing only one type of participant. Second, in contrast to the static analysis method, it employs a dynamic system approach to deeply analyze the evolving structures of blockchain-based projects. Third, it provides a theoretical framework for the practical implementation of blockchain-driven platforms in managing construction waste recycling and reuse, thus fostering effective policy development and management practices. This framework aims to promote sustainable development in construction waste recycling and reuse projects in China as well as globally.

Analysis of green supply chains under fairness concern and differential power structure

PurposeThis study aims to examine how fairness concerns and power structure in dyadic green supply chains impact retail price, supply chain profits and greening level decisions.Design/methodology/approachThis study develops game-theoretic models considering fairness concerns and asymmetric power structures under an iso-elastic demand setting. The research paper employs the Stackelberg game approach, taking into consideration the fairness concern of the channel leader.FindingsThe findings indicate that under fairness, there is an increase in both wholesale and retail prices, as well as greening expenditures. Notably, when comparing the two models (manufacturer Stackelberg and retailer Stackelberg), double marginalization is more pronounced in the retailer Stackelberg setup than in the manufacturer Stackelberg setup. In a traditional supply chain with iso-elastic demand, the follower typically extracts higher profit compared to the leader; however, our results show that, under fairness conditions, the leader achieves higher profit than the follower. Additionally, our study suggests that supply chain coordination is unattainable in a fairness setup. This paper provides insights for managers on the optimal supply chain structure and the level of fairness to maximize profit.Originality/valueThis paper investigates the impact of a leader's fairness on the optimal decisions within a green supply chain, an area that has received limited attention previously. Additionally, the study investigates how fairness concerns manifest in distinct power dynamics, specifically, in the contexts of manufacturer Stackelberg and retailer Stackelberg.

Designing a Smartphone Application that Integrates Scientific Inquiry with Gamification Approach: Dr. Science Application as a Model

The current participation aims to review the researchers’ experience in designing an application for smartphones that presents scientific investigation in a fun form based on the general foundations of the gamification approach. The application was called (Dr. Science), which consists of three main sections: I learn, I am a genius, and I am exploring, focuses on 3 main aspects: The first section (I am learning section) focuses on structural gamification, and aims to raise the achievement level of students in an interesting way. The second section ( I am a genius ) , focuses on content gamification, and is based on the idea of raising the student’s achievement level through an interesting game that includes many Of adventures, the third section (I Explore) includes more than 40 scientific investigations for the fourth and eighth grades, and focuses on providing students with scientific investigation skills in conjunction with implementing scientific investigations at home or in the laboratory, in addition to formative evaluation for students. The current participation follows the descriptive approach in reviewing the application, and covers the most important stages of designing the application with the aim of sharing best practices in integrating technology into science teaching and learning. The process of preparing the application went through a number of stages, as the general model for educational design (ADDIE Moodle) was adopted, which consists of five stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The current project was applied to the fourth and eighth grades in the Sultanate of Oman, and it achieved positive results for science education. It also proved its effectiveness during the (COVID-19) pandemic, as the project was applied during the pandemic, and the researchers hope to expand the scope of the application to include grades (1-9) and include most of the educational objectives for the different academic stages in science. Keywords: gamification, mobile application, scientific investigation

Technological solutions to fostering students’ moral courage: an augmented reality-based contextual gaming approach

Technological solutions to fostering students’ moral courage: an augmented reality-based contextual gaming approach

Multistage supply chain inventory model for controllable deterioration and imperfect production with carbon emissions regulations under Stackelberg game approach

Multistage supply chain inventory model for controllable deterioration and imperfect production with carbon emissions regulations under Stackelberg game approach

Promoting students’ civic literacy and positive learning behaviors: A supportive feedback-based decision-making gaming approach

Promoting students’ civic literacy and positive learning behaviors: A supportive feedback-based decision-making gaming approach

Markov game based on reinforcement learning solution against cyber–physical attacks in smart grid

The rapid expansion of information networks has amplified vulnerabilities in cyberspace, particularly within the power grid and communication layers of smart grid systems. Safeguarding smart grid security has become imperative for users concerned about both online and offline privacy. Detecting attacks in smart grids is crucial for ensuring the safety and continuity of the electrical network. This paper introduces a novel stealth attack-defense game that examines the impact of these invasions on the availability, confidentiality, and integrity of phasor measurement units. The proposed system considers both attack and defense perspectives. Attackers focus on key parameters to covertly infiltrate system layers while defending the smart grid system requires advanced knowledge of data flow and critical insights to establish robust protections. To address this cybersecurity challenge, we propose a game approach based on a partially observed Markov game with an improved Shapley Q-value and a multi-agent reinforcement learning framework, implemented in cooperative, communicative, and dynamic environments. The evaluation results demonstrate the robustness of the proposed approach against coordinated attacks in smart grid environments. Additionally, the results emphasize the significance of attack distribution as a crucial trace for identifying the attack source. Our approach shows promise for addressing various types of attacks against smart grid systems.

PENGGUNAAN PERMAINAN BAHASA DALAM PENGAJARAN PENGENALAN KARAKTER CINA SEKOLAH KEBANGSAAN DALAM KALANGAN MURID TAHUN 1

This research aims to determine the effect of Chinese character literacy teaching under language games teaching approach for Chinese language subject in national school. Research design ensemble quantitative research where quasi-experimental method is used to answer research questions. Sample of this research are 20 year one students from Sekolah Kebangsaan Dato’ Wan Kemara and 20 year one students from Sekolah Kebangsaan Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra respectively. Pre-test is run to determine the student’s current achievement and identify the problems they are facing during the learning process. Experiment will be carried on for 8 weeks. The instruments for this research are pre-test, post-test and questionnaire. Students from controlled group will learn Chinese character literacy under traditional method, meanwhile students from treatment group will learn under language games approach. After experiment, students from both groups will undergo post-test. Marks from both pre-test and post-test are collected to calculate the improvement of student’s achievement for each group. Mean of improvement is calculated for comparison. From questionnaire data scores, mean scores of interests is calculated for comparison. Data is analysed descriptively and inferential. As a conclusion, students who learn Chinese character literacy under language games teaching method are able to improve their ability to answer Chinese character literacy questions.

Wage bargaining structure and political budget cycles: A policy game approach

Utilizing a panel dataset from OECD countries, this study unveils new evidence suggesting that the centralization of wage bargaining plays a significant role in mitigating Political Budget Cycles. To explain this empirical finding, the paper introduces a political economy model based on a policy game framework, encompassing three key agents: (i) an opportunistic government that decides on the level of budget deficits with the objective of enhancing its reelection prospects, (ii) workers/voters who decide on their sectoral affiliations, and (iii) unions that independently negotiate wages with firms. In this model, the opportunistic government has an incentive to run a budget deficit to favor the median voter, who is affiliated with non-tradable sectors. The mechanism emerges from the impact of debt-financed public spending on relative prices, and consequently, on relative wages between non-tradable and tradable sectors. Wage centralization mitigates the political incentive of opportunistic governments by attenuating the responsiveness of sectoral wages to sectoral prices, thereby pushing down budget deficits towards a socially more optimal level.

Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Fuzzy Containment Control for Networked Autonomous Surface Vehicles: A Noncooperative Game Approach

Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Fuzzy Containment Control for Networked Autonomous Surface Vehicles: A Noncooperative Game Approach

Rural electrification and women empowerment: Do bargaining game approaches with real household items reduce the bias?

In this study, we examine the impact of rural electrification on women empowerment. Previous studies have examined this relationship mainly using self-reported measures of empowerment, and experimental approaches . We conduct an incentive-compatible framed field experiment in a natural household setting. We modify the public goods game by introducing a trade-off between real household items and cash in three scenarios: a woman-only case, a man-only case, and a joint decision case. We then construct a women empowerment index ranging between 0 and 1. A joint decision closer to 1 indicates greater bargaining power for the wife, while a joint decision closer to 0 indicates greater bargaining power for the husband. We then apply propensity score matching to address potential selection bias. We find households in rural electrification villages, to have higher women empowerment index.

Diffusion model of multi-agent collaborative behavior in public crisis governance network based on complex network evolutionary game

In order to explore the phenomenon of diffusion of group decision making formed by the emergence of decision-making behaviors of governance agents in public crisis governance systems, this research uses a complex network evolutionary game approach, considers BA scale-free networks as network vectors of public crisis governance systems, and develops a diffusion model of collaborative governance decision making behaviors. Simulation experiments are also conducted to show the macro-level impact of micro-subjects’ decision-making behavior on group “Emergence-Diffusion”. The results of this study show that the cost of collaborative governance has the most significant effect on the depth and breadth of the spread of collaborative behavior in governance networks. The size of the network determines the speed of network diffusion. The smaller the network size, the more sensitive it is to the spillover benefits of collaborative governance, and the larger the network size, the more sensitive it is to the penalties of non-compliance. The findings of the study have implications for the collaborative behavior of multiple agents in public crisis governance. The main findings are that (1) in order to ensure the stability of the collaborative governance system, decision making options should be selected according to the size of the network. (2) A reasonable penalty mechanism for breach of contract should be set up to avoid the phenomenon of “free-riding” in collaborative governance. (3) Reasonable allocation of collaboration benefits and maintenance of cooperative relationships between nodes in the neighborhood. (4) External regulators should ensure that information in the network is disseminated without barriers and reduce the phenomenon of information asymmetry.

A System Design Approach of Gamification for disseminating Intangible Oral Expressions of Indigenous Textile Heritage

In recent years, there has been a rising interest in using gamification to promote local intangible cultural heritage. Gamification can make cultural heritage more accessible and relatable by transforming traditional practices into interactive digital experiences. Traditional hand-woven fabrics of tribal communities of Northeast India represent their cultural expression and identity. However, industrialization and globalization have negatively affected the inheritance of the traditional weaving practice. Their traditional fabrics also carry a rich legacy of oral narratives, which are underappreciated and at risk of being lost due to lack of adequate documentation. This paper proposes a gamified system model to disseminate the oral cultural expressions associated with tribal fabrics and their textile heritage. It also integrates instructional design approach for creating a gamified learning environment for fostering cultural awareness and education among young generation of the tribal communities. This model may also offer a new approach for digitally archiving indigenous intangible cultural heritage.

Analyzing reciprocity dynamics in supply chains of public goods: a stochastic evolutionary game approach.

To start with an infinitely repeated game of supply chains of public goods, a stout reciprocity mechanism is introduced into income games to build a matric dynamic equation. The conventional evolutionary game method is employed to propose a model called the evolutionary game for the cooperative strategy of both the manufacturer and the seller groups in the supply chain of public goods. Also, white Gaussian noise (WGN) is added to reflect random interference in the evolution process. Then, a stochastic dynamic system is established, and Ito's differential equation is used to analyze both sides' strategy evolution in a game, interpret changes in system stability when random disturbance is added, and finally test the influence of different situations on the system stability by running a numerical simulation. The research shows that the stronger the reciprocity coefficient is, and the system is subjected to random interference, the greater the strategy choice change in players' decision-making procedures when the repeated game of public goods is conducted.

Impacts of dual carbon emission reduction technology and technology spillovers of deterioration reduction on supply chain system's performances considering government incentives and contract design

Investments in carbon emission reduction and deterioration reduction are important aspects for the firms to construct a low-carbon supply chain systems of deteriorating products with the increasing preferences of customers for environmentally friendly and fresh products. In this study we develop a two-echelon supply chain system consists of one manufacturer and one retailer. The manufacturer implements dual carbon emission reduction technology to strengthen the carbon emission reduction efficiency under cap-and-trade regulation and both manufacturer and the retailer invest in deterioration reduction technology to reduce the deterioration and increase the stock level of the fresh items. To increase the demand, the retailer takes the responsibility of promoting the low-carbon and fresh products among the customers. Deterioration reduction technology spills over from the manufacturer to the retailer. Then a differential game model is formulated and the equilibrium strategies are analysed by Stackelberg differential game approach in long term scenario. Numerical analysis has been done to analyse the theoretical results more rigorously by MATLAB software and sensitivity of some major parameters on the demand and profits of the manufacturer and the retailer have also been done to obtain some managerial insights. The impacts of implementing dual carbon emissions reduction technology and the effects technology spillovers are discussed. The results show that when the manufacturer invests in dual carbon emission reduction technology over single reduction technology, it increases the emission reduction level and hence the environmental performance and also the demand and hence economic profits of the both the supply chain members. If the deterioration reduction technology spills over from the manufacturer to retailer, it increases the profit of the manufacturer but the retailer will be beneficial when his/her marginal profit will be high. In addition, we have incorporated government subsidy on manufacturer's emission reduction investment and a cost-sharing contract on the promotional effort of the retailer in our work and then found that joint impacts of them on the supply chain system. We have shown that these two incentives provide the pareto improved solution for the supply chain system and take the supply chain members to a win-win situation as economically and environmentally. The discussions of the results of this study can be beneficial for the industries which produced deteriorating products and emits high carbon during the production process in terms of taking optimal decisions. It also gives a lesson to the government how to inspired the practitioners towards developing a sustainable system.

Physical Education and Its Scope: A Literature Review of Empirical Studies with A Holistic Perspective Teaching Practices in Indonesia

Study purpose. Physical Education (PE) is a part of sports education that places body movement as the main principle of learning whose outcomes include cognitive, motoric, affective, and social. Extensive research has been conducted to find the ideal PE teaching concept. The literature review aimed to gather information about existing studies in Indonesia in an effort to achieve PE learning objectives. Materials and methods. A systematic review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines related to PE teaching outcomes using the Scopus database. The article strategy for systematic review used a combination of title, abstract, and keywords with the criteria‘learning outcome’AND (‘physical education’OR ‘sport education’ OR ‘physical activity’). The systematic review only analysed articles that met the exclusion criteria and inclusion criteria as a result of screening the articles obtained 31 articles that were processed for systematic review. Results. The results of the literature review show that studies conducted by researchers still focus on improving physical learning, cognitive learning, and affective learning but does not include social learning. The approach used has not fully utilised the game approach so not in line with the philosophy of PE. Conclusion. Quite a lot of research has been conducted in an effort to achieve the learning objectives of PE but it is still limited, therefore, it is recommended that further research focuses on finding PE learning that is able to cover the overall learning outcomes of PE legitimized by using a game approach.