Gain Values Research Articles

Zirconia Barriers in Bone Regeneration Procedures: A Scoping Review.

To identify the current status and development of zirconia barriers in bone augmentation procedures in the maxillofacial area of adult human patients. Two independent reviewers conducted an electronic literature search in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO, the Cochrane Library, and LILACS databases, as well as a manual search to identify eligible clinical studies up to April 15, 2024. The protocol was designed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The initial electronic search resulted in 240 studies. The systematic application of inclusion and exclusion criteria resulted in 6 articles that met the purpose of the study. The included articles were 5 clinical case series and 1 case report, published between 2016 and 2023. Only 4 articles reported histological studies. A total of 40 sites regenerated with zirconium barriers were reported in 30 patients. Results were obtained with variability in bone gain values, between 0.9-8.0 mm horizontally and 1.4-12.0 mm vertically, in addition to a 30% complication rate. Although the results obtained in the studies included in this scoping review are favorable with respect to the amount of bone formation and the reduced surgical time required, the number of complications is considered high. Moreover, due to a limited number of patients included in the case series and the short duration of follow-up, additional studies including a control group are required.

Entrepreneurship Training Model Based on Sad Kerthi Loka Bali Perspective

The management of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in Bali faces the problem of limited business variety and low entrepreneurial competence of managers, leading to less than optimal utilization of local potential. The training that has been applied so far still focuses on administration and financial reporting, without developing innovation and creativity skills based on local wisdom. As a solution, an entrepreneurship training model was developed that integrates the EntreComp global competency framework with the local values of Sad Kerthi Loka Bali. The Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model was used in this research, which includes analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Model validation by experts showed an excellent level of feasibility, while the training trial resulted in an increase in participants' competency scores from an average of 44.4 in the pre-test to 83.1 in the post-test. On average, there was an increase of 38.7 points converted into a gain value of 0.656 which is included in the moderate category. This confirms the effectiveness of the model. In addition to enhancing creativity and innovation skills, the training instills spiritual and social values that are aligned with Balinese culture, encouraging a balance between economic, social and environmental aspects. The practical implications of the model can serve as a guide for BUMDes managers and policy makers in developing sustainable businesses. The model also has the potential to be adapted in other regions with similar local wisdom.

Refractive Error Impact on Video Head Impulse Test Outcomes.

The objective of this study is to investigate the potential influence of refractive error on Video Head Impulse Test outcomes. Eighty-two patients were included in the study, and all patients underwent video head impulse testing. Patients were divided into four groups according to their refractive error: myopia, myopia-astigmatism, astigmatism, and emmetropia as control. Patients with myopia are younger than patients with astigmatism and controls; similarly, patients with myopia-astigmatism are younger than patients with astigmatism. The right and left lateral, anterior, and posterior gain values were statistically significantly lower in the control group compared with myopia and myopia-astigmatism patients (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant relationship between the right and left lateral, anterior, and posterior gain values and the degree of myopia in the patients (p < 0.05). The results of the Video Head Impulse Test gain in myopia patients are higher than that in patients without refractive error. In addition, age may have an effect on gain values. It is important to consider this factor when evaluating the results of the Video Head Impulse Test in patients, and corrections should be made if necessary. 3 Laryngoscope, 135:345-351, 2025.

Is there a difference in the results of the video head impulse test in patients with a nosological diagnosis of Ménière's Disease and Vestibular Migraine?

To compare vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain values, gain symmetry between the semicircular canals (SCCs), and saccadic parameters in patients with a nosological diagnosis of Ménière's disease (MD) and vestibular migraine (VM). Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study, approved by the Research Ethics Committee, under evaluation report number 4.462.519. The study was based on medical record analysis of individuals who underwent the Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT). The sample included medical records of 33 patients, divided into two groups - G1, 18 patients with a nosological diagnosis of VM; G2, 15 patients with MD. The study collected information on age, sex, nosological diagnosis, symptoms, associated comorbidities, and vHIT results. Student's t-test and the linear regression model statistically analyzed the data. The significance level was set at 0.05 (95%). Females predominated (75.76%), with a mean age of 50.18 years. There was a predominance of normal VOR gain in the VM group (44.44%) and vestibular hypofunction in the MD group (40%). There was no significant difference between the groups' mean gain per SCC, nor between the groups' right and left SCCs. G1 had a higher percentage of evident saccades and saccadic dispersion. Although there was no significant difference in VOR gain in the vHIT between the groups, there was a predominance of vestibular hypofunction in the MD group and normal results in the VM group.

Robust adaptive nonlinear PID controller using radial basis function neural network for ballbots with external force

This paper presents a new adaptive nonlinear proportional integral derivative radial basis function neural network (NPID-RBFNN) for ballbots with external force. The proposed controller is designed based on a hybrid of a nonlinear proportional integral derivative (NPID) control, radial basis function neural networks (RBFNN), and balancing composite motion optimization (BCMO). The hybrid NPID-RBFNN controller offers a light-weight computation, chattering-reduction, while providing high robustness against model uncertainties and external disturbance. Therefore, it provides excellent features to control ballbots against the counterpart approaches such as the conventional PID, conventional NPID, which preserves low robustness against disturbances, or sliding mode control (SMC), which provides higher chattering. The BCMO is used to determine the gain values that best fit the system, and RBFNN is learned continuously during the ballbot movement to balance the system in the most stable and smooth way. The NPID-RBFNN controller is proven to be stable through the Lyapunov approach. The simulation and experiment results show that the NPID-RBFNN controller is a robust method for controlling the ballbot system’s motion in applications with external force.

Detection of Brain Stroke Using Microstrip Slot Antenna

Stroke is one of the world’s most serious health issue. A decrease of blood flow to a portion of the brain that results in brain tissue damage is termed as stroke in medical science. Blood clots and ruptured blood arteries in the brain are the main causes of strokes. A brain stroke can be categorized under ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. Existing approaches are noninvasive, but they are constrained by cost and reliability concerns. These diagnostic approaches are insufficient to detect stroke in human head. Hence, a microstrip slot antenna has been designed with stroke model and human head phantom model, and stroke is detected with the help of antenna. In 2.45GHz ISM band frequency range proposed antenna with circular edge slots and circular slot in the front plane and ground slotted plane has been designed. A 3-D seven layer simulated head phantom model is designed and interfaced with the proposed antenna with and without stroke model. The stroke is detected by observing changes in antenna performance parameters viz. return loss, peak gain, radiation efficiency. Sphere shaped stroke is detected by observing variation in the antenna performance parameter. The stroke detection is applied on the cylindrical phantom on the HFSS software. The result shows that the change in performance is experienced as the distance between the antenna and the head phantom changed. The value of peak gain and radiation efficiency decreases thus depicting the presence of stroke.

Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Fattening of Morkaraman Lambs with Different Dietary Plant Protein Sources

This study investigated the effects of different plant protein sources incorporated into feed concentrates on the live weight gain and feed conversion ratio of Morkaraman lambs by days 28, 42 and 56 of fattening, and presents a cost-benefit analysis. The study animals included 24 male Morkaraman lambs with a mean age of 9 months, which were assigned to 3 study groups. The dietary plant protein sources provided to the animals were soybean meal and safflower meal in Group I, wheat gluten in Group II, and corn gluten in Group III. The total feed intake values (kg) of Group I, Group II and Group III were 40.75±1.08, 39.18±0.88, and 37.67±0.62, respectively, during the period between days 0-28 of fattening; 62.77±1.67, 60.14±0.96, and 57.54±1.28, respectively, during the period between days 0-42 of fattening; and 83.31±1.89, 77.79±1.43, and 75.97±1.67, respectively, during the period between days 0-56 of fattening (p&lt;0.05). The live weight gain values (kg) of Group I, Group II and Group III during the period between days 0-56 of fattening were 14.82±0.84, 11.97±0.51, and 13.71±0.91, respectively (p&lt;0.05). The feed conversion ratio was observed not to have a statistically significant effect on production yields (p&gt;0.05). In conclusion, while the highest income from live weight gain during the period between days 0-56 of fattening was achieved with the use of soybean meal and safflower meal as dietary plant protein sources, the lowest fattening cost was achieved with the use of corn gluten.

Matching P- and N-type Organic Electrochemical Transistor Performance Enables a Record High-gain Complementary Inverter.

The charge transport of channel materials in n-type organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) is greatly limited by the adverse effects of electrochemical doping, posing a long-standing puzzle for the community. Herein, ann-type conjugated polymer with glycolated side chains (n-PT3) is introduced. This polymer can adapt to electrochemical doping and create more organized nanostructures, mitigating the adverse effects of electrochemical doping. This unique characteristic gives n-PT3 excellent charge transport in the doped state and reversible ion storage, making it highly suitable as an n-type organic mixed ionic-electronic conducting (OMIEC) material. n-PT3 exhibits a high electron mobility of µ ≈ 1.0 cm2 V-1 s-1 and a figure of merit value of µC* ≈ 100 F cm-1 V-1 s-1, representing one of the best results for n-type OMIEC materials. A new p-type OMIEC polymer has been synthesized as the channel material for constructing a complementary inverter to match the n-type OECT channel layer based on n-PT3. As a result, a voltage gain value of up to 307 VV-1 has been achieved, which is a record value for sub-1V complementary inverters based on OECTs. This work offers valuable insights into designing electrochemical doping adaptive n-type OMIEC materials and fabricating high-gain organic complementary inverters.

Development of a psychometrically valid and reliable measure of primary care providers’ willingness to engage with value based payments and innovations in care coordination

BackgroundMost approaches to healthcare reform envision an enhanced role for primary care providers, supported by innovative payment methodology and improved resources. However, there are currently no instruments to measure providers’ ability and willingness to work with existing tools provided by payers, such as Accountable Care Organizations (ACO). In this study, we develop and psychometrically test a new instrument to measure provider engagement with ACOs.Methodology/ approachThe instrument was developed based on a self-efficacy theory of the adoption of innovations. We hypothesized two underlying constructs: Ease of Use (“Ease”) and Perceived Usefulness (“Usefulness”). Constructs were tested using confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was assessed with Cronbach's Alpha and convergent and divergent validity. Survey subjects were Primary Care Providers engaged with an ACO.ResultsEigenvalue and scree plots indicated the hypothesized two factor model was appropriate. Four questions failed to load onto a single factor – three from Ease and one from Usefulness. Both scales have outstanding reliability, with an Alpha of 0.951 for Usefulness and 0.831 for Ease. For validity, the results are consistent with our prior hypotheses for convergent and divergent validity.ConclusionsThe new instrument is a valid and reliable measure of providers’ ability to work with and gain value from ACO participation.Practice implicationsThe success of any health care reform will be highly dependent on primary care providers’ willingness and ability to engage with payers. This instrument provides a new tool to measure the value and difficulty of that engagement by primary care providers.

Investigation into the Hyperparameters of Error-Based Adaptive Sampling Approach for Surrogate Modeling

Surrogate modeling technology is used to create lightweight analogs of resource- and calculation-intensive software, provided that the problem can be reduced to the regression problem. In this article, we construct a surrogate model for predicting annual energy consumption using the open-source EnergyPlus software and various sampling techniques. A general algorithm for an error-based adaptive sampling technique to build the surrogate model is presented. The best results were shown by the composite Mixed Sampling method with a data refining window the size of 70% and a LightGBM regression model. The best attained metrics values are as follows: MSE = 7.76, RMSE = 1.47, MAE = 0.98 and R2 = 0.99. For a small number of iterations, an error-based adaptive sampling technique with hyperparameter tuning is preferable to the static sampling approach. For a large number of iterations, both techniques show approximately good predictive results of the built surrogate model. After hyperparameter tuning was performed, the average value of the MSE metric decreased from 43.43 to 7.76. A gas thickness feature greater than 0.015 had no positive effect on energy-saving optimization. For temperatures on a summer day of 30 degrees and above, there was a sharp increase in energy consumption. The maximum dry bulb temperature on a winter and summer day and the wind speed on a winter day were the most important features of the built surrogate model with 492, 483 and 443 gain values of the feature importance method, respectively.

Enhancing Learning Outcomes in Applied Physics Through Web-Based Simulation Media

This study aims to develop interactive web-based simulation learning media for applied physics subjects and to evaluate the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the media in improving student learning outcomes. The research method used is Research and Development (R&amp;D) with the ADDIE development model, which includes five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Validation was carried out by media and content experts, followed by field trials involving 69 students from SMKN 1 Bintan Utara. The research instruments used structured Likert-scale questionnaires to assess the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the media. The validation results indicated that the learning media were valid and aligned with learning needs. The practicality test yielded an average score of 84.94%, categorized as highly practical. Effectiveness testing through gain score analysis showed an improvement in student learning outcomes, with a gain value of 0.32, categorized as moderate. In conclusion, the web-based simulation media is effective, valid, and practical in enhancing students' understanding of concepts and learning outcomes in applied physics.

Clinical observations from the clinical video head pulse test in patients with idiopathic horizontal semicircular canal light cupula.

The objective of the study is to analyze and explore the characteristics of the video head impulse test (vHIT) for light cupula in the idiopathic horizontal semicircular canal and compare them with those of horizontal semicircular canal cupulolithiasis (HC-cu) in order to investigate the potential mechanism involved. Data from 51 cases of idiopathic light cupula and 42 cases of horizontal semicircular canal cupulolithiasis were retrospectively analyzed. The positional nystagmus features, vHIT anomaly rate, gain value, saccades, and other indicators were compared. SPSS 26 and Medcalc 22 were used to analyze the differences and correlations. There were no differences in sex, age, the affected side, and positional nystagmus between the light cupula group and HC-cu group (p > 0.05). The overall abnormal rate of the vHIT (56.86% vs. 21.43%), the abnormal rate of the affected side (23.53% vs. 0.00%), and the saccade ratio of the affected side [40.0 (13.0, 76.0) vs. 6.0 (0.0, 15.0)] in the light cupula group were higher than those in the HC-cu group. The HC saccade ratio in the light cupula group was higher on the affected side than on the healthy side [40.0 (13.0, 76.0) vs. 11.0 (0.0, 38.0)], and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the abnormal vHIT results and saccade ratio of the light cupula group were correlated with the affected side (p < 0.05). The vHIT results of idiopathic HC light cupula and HC-Cu were different as they are distinct diseases. Light cupula may be associated with some mild lesions in the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) pathway. The lighter cupula theory is the possible mechanism.

EFFECT OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF MONOTHECA BUXIFOLIA LEAF POWDER ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Monotheca buxifolia leaf powder on the growth performance of broiler chickens. A total of 250 -1-day old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly distributed into five treatments with five replicates and each replicate consists of ten birds. Prior to the arrival of birds, basal diet adequate in all nutrients was formulated according to the requirement of birds by Nutritional Research Council in 1994. Birds in treatment one was fed basal diet without Monotheca buxifolia leaf powder, those in treatment two, three, four and five were fed same diet with Monotheca buxifolia leaf powder at 100 g, 200 g, 300 g and 400 g respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days and birds had unrestricted access to clean water and feed. A completely randomized experimental design was adopted and all management practices was strictly adhered to. Result on the phytochemical content of Monotheca buxifolia leaf powder flavonoids (863.2 mg/g), phenols (511.8 mg/g) and terpenoids (102.3 mg/g) were the most prominent compounds followed by saponins (72.56 mg/g), tannins (62.34 mg/g), alkaloids (41.88 mg/g) and steroids (30.41 mg/g). Average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake values which varied from 41.24 - 51.37 g/b and 103.7 - 107.5 g/b were higher among birds fed Monotheca buxifolia leaf powder (treatment two, three, four and five) relative to treatment one (P&lt;0.05). Similarly, feed conversion ratio whose value ranged from 2.09 - 2.50 were significantly (P&lt;0.05) influenced by the treatment. In conclusion, feeding broilers Monotheca buxifolia leaf powder up to 400 g/kg diet does not pose any detrimental effect on the performance of birds.

DDSRF Theory based Solar assisted RELIFT Luo Converter with UPQC used in Voltage Enhancement

As PV system-based power generation and sensitive non-linear loads are integrated more frequently, there is a greater need for enhanced Power Quality (PQ) in distributed power systems. In this work, a specialized power device known as a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) is proposed to improve the PQ of the network overall. Source and load side PQ related issues are addressed using series and shunt compensators in order. The PV system can provide active power to the load in the presence of the shunt compensator. Using the Re-lift Luo DC-DC converter, the output voltage of the PV system is increased which further improves the voltage gain and efficiency of the intended converter. An FLC is utilized to adjust the gain values of the pi Controller which further improves the voltage profile of the UPQC. Decoupled Double Synchronous Reference Frame (DDSRF) theory is utilized to produce the reference current and voltage values to improve the current-voltage profiles at the source end. To attain the controlled responses of the shunt and series compensators Type-2 FLC (CT2FLC) based controllers are utilized.

A High Gain Dual Band Hexagonal Metamaterial Inspired Antenna for 5G Applications

Microstrip patch antennas play an important role in wireless communications to improve speed. Some of their benefits are low cost, low profile, and easy to fabricate. Existing research on microstrip patch antennas examines difficulties such as limited diversity performance, low radiation characteristics, and low efficiency. To address these issues, metamaterials are used to enhance diversity. This study focuses on designing a dual-band microstrip patch antenna for 5G applications to meet user demands with high data rates and enhance communication speed. To improve isolation and gain, a hexagonal-shaped Split Ring Resonator (SRR) was added to the substrate of the antenna. The proposed antenna model operates at frequencies greater than 28 GHz. The antenna dimensions are 25×25×0.15 mm, designed on a polyamide substrate with a loss tangent tan δ of 0.004, dielectric constant εr of 4.3, and relative permeability of 1. The suggested model was evaluated using several performance parameters, such as reflection coefficient, axial ratio, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), gain, and radiation patterns. The proposed model has S-parameter values of -17.6192 dB and -20.3264 dB, and gain values of 7.1 dB and 7.3 dB at 28.900 and 33.7400 GHz, respectively.

A broadband substrate integrated waveguide fed dielectric resonator antenna with U-slot for 5G-NR Band

Abstract In the proposed design, a Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) feeding mechanism is utilized in conjunction with a higher-order mode Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA), which is excited by a U-slot aperture on the top side of the ground plane. This structure is aimed for 5G millimeter-wave bands, N257, and N258. Both sides of SIW are clad with 0.035mm copper with a permittivity of 2.2, Rogers 5880 is used as substrate. In contrast, DRA has a permittivity of 10. The design achieves a notable impedance bandwidth of 25-31.12 GHz (6.12 GHz or 21.8%) due to the excitation of multiple resonances of DRA modes. It delivers high gain values of 8.5 dBi at 25.8 GHz, 8.9 dBi at 27.5 GHz, and 7.2 dBi at 30 GHz, with radiation efficiency exceeding 98% within the resonance band. The radiation patterns demonstrate good co-polarized performance, validating the broadside transmission. All simulations were conducted using Ansys HFSS version 2023.

EXPLORING STUDENT CREATIVITY AND COLLABORATION THROUGH PROJECT-BASED LEARNING WITH GOOGLE SITES

Project-based learning is essential for fostering creativity and collaboration among students, particularly in an increasingly digital educational landscape. This study investigates the effectiveness of implementing project-based learning using Google Sites in the educational context of the Physics Tadris Study Program at UIN Mataram. Employing a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test-post-test control group, the research involved a sample of 44 students selected through cluster random sampling from a population of 110 across eight classes. Data on student creativity and collaboration were collected through validated tests, questionnaires, and observation sheets, with results analyzed using t-tests and normalized gain values (N-gain). The findings revealed a significant enhancement in both creativity and collaboration among students, demonstrating that project-based learning via Google Sites not only improves essential skills but also creates a more interactive and enjoyable learning experience. The implications of this study suggest that integrating technology into project-based learning can effectively advance the goals of Islamic education, preparing students for collaborative and creative engagement in their future professional endeavors.

Digital workflow for graft harvest and positioning in deficient anterior mandibles versus conventional technique: Randomized controlled trial.

The cortical shell technique is frequently associated with technical drawbacks, such as the lack of anatomical guidance during shell harvest and graft. This study aims to assess the horizontal bone gain and accuracy of a digitalized protocol that incorporates two interlocking patient-specific stackable guides (PSSGs) to control the shell harvest, positioning, and fixation. Twenty patients with deficient anterior mandibles were randomly allocated; 10 patients received freehand symphyseal shell harvest and fixation (the control group), whereas the other 10 received fully guided harvest and graft (study group) using (PSSGs), the first aided an accurate shell harvest, whereas the second conveyed shell fixation. The interposition gap among both groups was loaded with an equal mix of xenogeneic and autogenous particulates. The mean radiographic bone gain among both groups was calibrated 6 months postoperatively, and the accuracy of the digital plan was assessed by superimposing and comparing the virtually planned horizontal bone dimensions with the immediate postoperative actual bone dimensions. The mean 6-month postoperative horizontal bone gain value of the study group was recorded as (4.97 ± 0.73) mm versus (4.45 ± 0.61) mm for the control group, with a statistically insignificant mean gain difference of (0.52) mm, (p = 0.101). The mean virtual preplanned horizontal bone gain was recorded (5.4 ± 0.6) versus (5.4 ± 0.6) for the immediate postoperative actual bone gain, which was also statistically insignificant (p = 0.9). The (PSSGs) provided a precise method for graft harvest, position, and fixation, resulting in satisfactory alveolar ridge dimensions with intimate accuracy.

Evaluating students' learning achievements using the formative assessment technique: a retrospective study.

Formative assessment promotes positive learning outcomes and evaluates students over time. We aimed to evaluate students' learning achievements after implementing a formative assessment technique by using a normalised gain method. This retrospective observational study was conducted at the School of Medicine and Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand. There were 118 fifth-year medical students who attended a general pediatric course in the 2021-2022 academic year. In the summative assessment, the post-test scores were significantly greater than the pretest scores (mean difference 20.53, 95% CI (18.63-22.44), P < 0.001). The median value of the overall student learning gain (g) was 0.34 (0.23, 0.45). Students with medium gains had significantly higher scores than those with low gains (P < 0.001). Students' learning gains had a positive correlation with post-test scores. (R = 0.6, P = 0.01). The formative assessment technique is a valuable method for enhancing students' learning outcomes by offering timely and effective feedback through mentoring systems. It is essential to integrate formative assessments into standard assessment strategies in undergraduate medical education.

Game-theory-based complexity allocation for 360-degree video coding

360-degree video applications with immersive experiences have been well spread in our daily life. However, 360-degree video with high resolution (e.g., 8192×4096,6144× 3072, and 3840 × 1920) leads to high coding computational complexity. To further optimize the complexity allocation and obtain the optimal coding performance, this paper proposes a game-theory-based complexity allocation algorithm for 360-degree video coding. The proposed method first constructs the latitude-level complexity allocation model by introducing game theory. Second, the optimal Lagrange coefficient λ∗ value is obtained by the Newton method, and then, the complexity of the latitude can be further obtained. Finally, the overall complexity allocation algorithm is also designed. Experimental results indicate our method obtains Time Saving (TS) with 18.44%∼67.08% and BDBR performance with 0.10%∼3.11%. The proposed method also achieves the optimal Coding Gain (CG) values for the most global target complexity.