Future Work Environment Research Articles

Disruption be my guide

PurposeThe skill set required to be a professional in any profession is inherent in the qualifications required for entrance to that profession. The ability to demonstrate leadership in the middle to upper echelons of that profession is demonstrably different. The School of Information Studies at the Charles Sturt University in Wagga Wagga Australia sought to explore what a postgraduate qualification in the leadership of the profession might look like and what the demand for such a qualification might be. The purpose of this paper is to detail that research effort and the outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThe study undertook a number of different approaches including engaging in networks of professional colleagues globally and a series of focus groups in Brisbane, Sydney and Melbourne. The outcomes were analyzed in terms of the expectations of what a new degree might contain as well as the enrollment prospects for such a degree.FindingsThere was a strong ground-swell of support for a new degree of Masters of Information Leadership. The combination of subjects from the LIS environment together with subjects from a MBA environment was strongly endorsed. These areas of interest were documented in the paper along with recommendations.Research limitations/implicationsThere is a fertile ground for research here in two ways. First, there is much scope for the examination of the course requirements and how they sit in a future work environment. This is especially the case where there is a convergence of the interests of the galleries, libraries, archives and museums sectors. Second, there is much to be done as the authors look at leadership skills sets for future information environments which are highly speculative.Practical implicationsThis study has produced a set of requirements for a new Masters of Information Leadership. It is a very useful set of requirements to base future studies. There was also a very strong requirement for real life aspects to such a course rather than theoretical exercises as has been the current academic practice.Originality/valueThis study is quite original as it sought to engage practitioners in different areas and sectors in Australia aiming to ensure that the resulting academic program was closely aligned with practitioner need.

Digital making with “At-Risk” youth

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how a small group of adolescents in an alternative care and treatment program develop digital literacy skills over time while immersed in a rich media setting. It also explores how the students use new media tools and affordances to “perform” their identities and to present themselves within their classroom community.Design/methodology/approachThis ethnographic case study research involved seven students from a Canadian alternative school that provides educational programming for students from government approved care, treatment, custody and correctional facilities. Through an integrated arts-based curriculum, with a thematic focus on community and identity, the students used a variety to digital tools and media to create an “All About Me” book.FindingsThe students used inquiry-based learning and multiple modes of expression, facilitated by the multimodal, multimedia nature of digital media, including both screen-based and tangibles as essential components of knowing and communicating. The maker pedagogies employed in this intervention facilitated self-directed learning, as well as the development of perseverance and self-confidence.Originality/valueIn many work environments individuals are required to have knowledge of emerging technologies, and to employ this expertise in their work. Teaching students how to navigate their way through unfamiliar technology, to reflect on the process, and to communicate effectively, are important in both academics and future work environments. The authors continue to work with this group of students in the STEAM-3D Maker Lab and emphasize learning through discovery, design and the development of important skills such as perseverance, troubleshooting, resilience and collaboration.

작업치료사의 근무환경에 대한 인식과 미래 근무환경 변화 계획에 대한 인식

작업치료사의 근무환경에 대한 인식과 미래 근무환경 변화 계획에 대한 인식

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The Status of Clinical Teaching from Viewpoint of Faculty Members and Students in Guilan University of Medical Sciences

Background: One of the main tasks of the faculty of medical sciences is clinical training. Given the importance of clinical teaching for medical students, the study aim was to determine the clinical teaching status from the perspective of students and faculty members. Methods: The population of this cross-sectional study was all medical interns and final-year students of nursing and midwifery and faculty members of Guilan University of Medical Sciences in the 2015. The sampling was conducted by census method after obtaining the consent of the participants. The scale was a questionnaire consisting of 4 parts, including demographic data,phrases related to clinical teaching principles by faculty members, phrases related to the use of material and educational media by clinical faculty members and phrases related to educational activities by clinical faculty members. Data analysis was done by descriptive and inferential statistics (Mann-Whitney U test). Results: Based on the results, the mean score of clinical teaching status from the perspective of the faculty members was 62.88 ± 5.76 out of a score of 66, and the mean score was 52.11 ± 1.1 from the students’ perspective. Mann-Whitney U test results also showed a significant difference between faculty members’ and students’ perspective scores about clinical teaching status(P < 0.0001). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, to improve the quality of clinical education,implementation strategies will be necessary. One of the most important parts of teaching in the field of medical science is clinical education as it is the first real experience students have with their future work environment and it has a significant impact on their occupational success.

Health Care Students' Attitudes Toward Addressing Sexual Health in Their Future Profession: Validity and Reliability of a Questionnaire

ABSTRACTTo test the reliability and validity of the Students' Attitudes Towards Addressing Sexual Health Questionnaire (SA-SH), measuring students' attitudes toward addressing sexual health in their future professions. A cross-sectional online survey (22 items) were distributed to 186 nursing, occupational therapy and physiotherapy students in Sweden, April 2015. Validity and reliability were tested. The construct validity analysis led to three major factors: present feelings of comfortableness, future working environment, and fear of negative influence on future patient relations. The construct validity, internal consistency reliability, and intrarater reliability showed good results. The SA-SH is valid and reliable.

Conceptual development of an advanced air traffic controller workstation based on objective workload monitoring and augmented reality

NextGen, SESAR, and other international projects intend to develop the coming air traffic management (ATM) environment to cope with the present problems, including e.g. capacity, efficiency, safety, and environmental impact. These projects also introduce considerable changes in the role of air traffic controllers (ATCOs), and shift some of the present tasks from ground to on-board (pilots) and diversify automation. Due to the consequential effects of these developments, (i) the models describing the present operational circumstances, (ii) the working conditions, and (iii) the working environment (e.g. human–machine interactions, task-work and mental loads, cognitive aspects, situation awareness, decision support) must be reconsidered and adapted to the future role of operators. This paper aims to describe a new approach to model the ATCOs’ working processes, and also introduces a new concept for the ATCOs’ future working environment. The developed model covers the situation awareness and decision making processes, including the subjective aspects of the ATCOs decision making based on their workload, mental condition, knowledge, or practice. The proposed new working environment contains special information displays, the decision support system and the ATCOs workload and mental condition measurement / monitoring system, based on objective, on-line, continuous, and nonintrusive measurement techniques. Some of the core systems developed in collaboration with HungaroControl were exhibited at the World ATM congress in 2014 and 2015.

Student-Led Project Teams

We studied group and individual co-regulatory and self-regulatory strategies of self-managed student project teams using data from intragroup peer evaluations and a postproject survey. We found that high team performers shared their research and knowledge with others, collaborated to advise and give constructive criticism, and demonstrated moral responsibility by respecting project management processes and communication protocols. Low team performers lacked self-regulatory strategies to work autonomously and clearly explain their research and its purpose, to ask for clarification, and to work autonomously. Consequently, effective regulatory strategies are crucial for high team performance, for team skills development, and for preparing business and management students for future team-based work environments.

Using a health care practice framework to address smartphone use in the classroom

Existing research indicates that off-task smartphone use within classrooms is negatively related to many important academic measures such as attention, comprehension, and grades. However, many educators have begun to advocate smartphone utilization in education, particularly to prepare students for future work environments. There is an increasing use of mobile devices within health care environments and it will be important for pharmacy graduates to possess both technical and socio-technical skills to safely and effectively use digital information. Instructors face the difficult task of controlling digital distractions within the classroom. From a student perspective, it is important that the education environment includes technologies used in practice. Discussing the issues and opportunities of smartphone use within the framework of a health care environment may help guide instructors with regard to their approach to dealing with student smartphone use. This article summarizes existing literature regarding smartphone use in classrooms and provides recommendations to educators for addressing potential problems and opportunities.

Transferring the Asset Allocation Model to the Labor Market

Future work environment will get more divers and flexible. Most of the fixed and secure employment set ups will not exist anymore. Therefore the question arise whether a more diversified job set up would give works the security that they need for their life. This paper develops a model based on the asset allocation theory for the labor market and tries to give a hint into the direction of giving people security while they work. The model is created in mathematical terms but also explained in a graphical way as well as through an example based on survey data.

Human Centered Assistance Applications for the working environment of the future

BACKGROUND: Social, technological, and legal changes imply new solutions to support the human worker in the industrial environment of the future. OBJECTIVE: Optimizing working conditions by adapting collaborative assistance systems in terms of human acceptance and well-being. The Institute of Ergonomics at the Technische Universitat Munchen (TUM) follows this approach with three novel technical solutions: Exoskeletons (Lifting Aid), collaborative robots (Cobot), and orthosis (Assembly Glove). METHODS: Fundamental scientific knowledge in cognition, anthropometrics, biomechanics, and physiology provide the basis for user-oriented designs and investigations via respiratory analysis, motion tracking, force measuring, and simulation. CONCLUSIONS: The human, with its abilities, flexibility, and knowledge, will still be the key success factor in future working environments. Hence holistic approaches that support the human in a complementary way to raise overall performance have to be evolved to handle upcoming challenges like demographic change, a diverse workforce, and high stress jobs.

O PIBID na ótica dos licenciandos: possibilidades e limites no desenvolvimento do programa

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198464448175 Este trabalho objetiva compreender como os licenciandos, participantes do PIBID, analisam o programa e o impacto do mesmo em seu processo formativo e nos cursos de licenciaturas. Para tanto, fez-se uso de um questionário quali-quantitavos que foi respondido pelos 88 licenciandos do programa. Os dados apresentam a contribuição do PIBID na construção de conhecimentos pedagógicos que os permitem identificar-se como professores de um coletivo que é a escola; a concepção de que a escola é um campo de atividade externo ao seu processo formativo, como limitação do programa; e a fragilidade na relação teoria – prática desenvolvida nos currículos dos cursos de licenciaturas. Conclui-se que o PIBID se instaura para proporcionar aos licenciandos a antecipação de sua relação com as situações de trabalho, consideradas tão formativas quanto àquelas ações desenvolvidas no interior dos cursos de licenciaturas.

G191(P) Paediatric trainee attitudes towards 'Facing the Future'

Aims In April 2011, the RCPCH published ‘Facing the Future: A review of Paediatric Services’ which emphasised the need for urgent service reconfiguration and the development of innovative models of service provision. These changes will impact upon the future consultant workforce (current trainees). We aimed to discover trainees’ expectations of their future roles and work environment. Methods We distributed a web-based survey to all paediatric trainees in the Deanery (accounting for one third of paediatric trainees nationally). 72 (29%) were Level 1 trainees; 57 (23%) Level 2 trainees, 65 (26%) Level 3 trainees; 32 (13%) post-CCT trainees and 20 (8%) trainees who were on maternity leave, research or career breaks. Results Innovative care models 16% of trainees would welcome a role in an out of hospital setting and felt that current training would be sufficient, 22% were not interested in such a role and 16% would be interested but felt they would need further training. 51% of trainees would appreciate spending time in an out of hospital setting during their training, with the majority (95%) happy to complete this training in a General Practice (GP) setting. Regarding future consultant work patterns 41% of trainees expected to have more than one consultant post during their career; 19% anticipated staying in the same post for life. 5% of trainees intended to leave paediatric training imminently, most to start GP training. Conclusions Amongst all levels of paediatric trainees there was an acceptance of the need for more consultant presence in the hospital, but many commented that this makes paediatrics a less attractive specialty for lifestyle reasons. Weeks of nights and resident on calls were almost unanimously unacceptable. The majority of trainees were very positive regarding innovative models of care provision.

Effects of Self-Efficacy, Emotional Intelligence, and Perceptions of Future Work Environment on Preservice Teacher Commitment

This study was designed to examine the effects of self-efficacy, expectations of future work environment, and emotional intelligence on preservice teacher commitment to the teaching profession on a sample of 209 preservice teachers. The purpose of the study was to add to the existing knowledge surrounding preservice teacher commitment and promote new ways to approach teacher education. Using correlation and regression analyses, we found that preservice teacher self-efficacy expectations surrounding classroom management, instructional strategies, and student engagement were positively correlated with commitment. Preservice teacher expectations of future work environment influenced their satisfaction with the profession, which was also positively correlated with their commitment to enter the profession. Preservice teachers with greater emotional awareness and pro-motivational thinking also demonstrated higher levels of commitment.

Person–organization fit effects on organizational attraction: A test of an expectations-based model

This study investigates the mechanisms that explain why person–organization (PO) fit impacts organizational attraction. Adopting Edwards and Cable’s (2009) approach, an integrative model is developed around the idea that experiencing value congruence during the recruitment process perpetuates certain expectations about future work environments and employer relationships. These expectations in turn have a positive impact on organizational attraction. Evidence from a longitudinal study on a sample of job seekers suggests that expected opportunities for value expression and need fulfillment offered the most viable explanations of value congruence effects. The implications of important observed differences in the experience of PO fit between job seekers and full-time employees are discussed.

Rehabilitation Centers in Change: Participatory Methods for Managing Redesign and Renovation

The aim of this article is to describe a set of participatory methods that we have either developed or modified for developing future work and service environments to better suit renewable rehabilitation processes. We discuss the methods in a larger framework of change process model and participatory design. Rehabilitation organizations are currently in transition; customer groups, financing, services, and the processes of rehabilitation centers are changing. The pressure for change challenges the centers to develop both their processes and facilities. There is a need for methods that support change management. Four participatory methods were developed: future workshop, change survey, multi-method assessment tool, and participatory design generator cards. They were tested and evaluated in three rehabilitation centers at the different phases of their change process. The developed methods were considered useful in creating a mutual understanding of the change goals between different stakeholders, providing a good picture of the work community's attitudes toward the change, forming an integrated overview of the built and perceived environment, inspiring new solutions, and supporting the management in steering the change process. The change process model described in this article serves as a practical framework that combined the viewpoints of organizational and facility development. However, participatory design continues to face challenges concerning communication between different stakeholders, and further development of the methods and processes is still needed. Intervention studies could provide data on the success factors that enhance the transformations in the rehabilitation sector. Design process, methodology, organizational transformation, planning, renovation.

Improving the Psychosocial Work Environment at Multi-Ethnic Workplaces: A Multi-Component Intervention Strategy in the Cleaning Industry

Global labour migration has increased in recent years and immigrant workers are often recruited into low status and low paid jobs such as cleaning. Research in a Danish context shows that immigrants working in the cleaning industry often form social networks based on shared languages and backgrounds, and that conflict between different ethnic groups may occur. This paper evaluates the impact of a multi-component intervention on the psychosocial work environment at a multi-ethnic Danish workplace in the cleaning sector. The intervention included Danish lessons, vocational training courses, and activities to improve collaboration across different groups of cleaners. Interviews about the outcome of the intervention were conducted with the cleaners and their supervisor. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire was used as a supplement to the interviews. The results suggest that the psychosocial work environment had improved after the intervention. According to the interviews with the cleaners, the intervention had led to improved communication, trust, and collaboration. These findings are supported by the questionnaire where social support from supervisor and colleagues, social community, trust, and teamwork seem to have improved together with meaning of work, rewards, and emotional demands. The design of the intervention may provide inspiration for future psychosocial work environment interventions at multi-ethnic work places.

Design for the Post-Antibiotic Era: Experiences from a New Building for Infectious Diseases in Malmö, Sweden

To describe the experience of planning and designing a new facility for infectious diseases in Sweden and to discuss underlying theories relating to infection prevention and evidence-based design. Departments of Infectious Diseases are common in healthcare facililties in Sweden. In 2005, a decision was made to build a new facility. The program required spacious single rooms, with a high ventilation standard, and anterooms. In this article we present an analysis of the future of infectious diseases. Underlying theories are discussed. We also describe how a program was outlined using literature studies, including evidence-based healthcare design, focus groups of staff, and study visits. Active involvement of users and infection control specialists was important in the building process. A full-scale patient room mock-up was built with ventilation, electrical, and other systems. The mock-up was cost effective because it avoided costly mistakes during the building process. The mock-up also was a place where staff could assess and begin adapting to their future work environment. Separate ventilation and separate entrances to patient rooms from the building exterior allowed placement of isolation units in the main hospital area. Antimicrobial resistance, emerging diseases, healthcare associated infections, and outbreaks highlight the need for infection control measures in all hospital design. Infection control should be integrated in all hospital planning and be part of contracts. In this study we describe a specialized unit where a high degree of standardization and flexibility has made it possible to have a unique standard of preparedness for the post-antibiotic era. Design process, evidence-based design, infection control, planning, safety.

Generation Y Perceiving Ethics - Implications for Marketing and Management Education

It is in a human nature of every single individual to live in a society and communicate and collaborate with people by building relationships and communities. These relationships are based on mutual understanding and collaboration. But, if individuals are not taking into account wellbeing of other people, their relationship suffers and finally it is doomed to an end. Ethics of care is normative ethical theory taking into consideration those particularly vulnerable to our choices and their outcomes deserve our extra consideration. More specifically, focus in a relationship is shifting towards understanding individuals involved in that relationship and their needs to be completely satisfied (Eisler, 2007; Held, 2006). Consequently trust among stakeholders is augmented and strengthen (Dobson & White, 1995). For organizations this means that they will be successful at the marketplace even when their business is based on ethical premises (Liedtka, 1996). Students entering business world are under strong peer and environmental influences. Their mind set about ethical conduct is severely endangered (Giacalone & Promislo, 2013). Some of them are adapting to the unethical organizational norms. Others have built their attitudes based on family relationships, taking care about others and assuming that each individual will be better off if everybody is taking care about each other. This other group has better possibilities in today's business world. Research showed that students’ ethical perception is in contradiction to the normative ethical theory of care. Moreover students perceive their future business environment as extremely pessimistic, and unethical. When students perceive themselves working within the organization they value much higher the individual values and ethical standards than organizational point of view on ethical issues. Concluding, students have a very low level of acceptance of normative ethics of care viewpoints; perceive their future working environment as extremely unethical. Nevertheless they do not easily accept the passive status of the individual being in conflict with the organizational understanding of the unethical behaviour. Furthermore, paper offers implications for developing ethics of care among business major students. Hence, there should be a systematic approach of raising the level of students’ acceptance on normative ideas of ethics of care. Students, that are generation Y, are raising their voice if feel under the pressure and not willing to let go the personal ethical norms. The formal education, with the special emphasis from marketing and management standpoint, should offer them support in the fight for the future resistance and against turnover towards organizational unethical behaviour.

The Changing International Student Environment: Changing the Academic Curriculum in Preparing Business Students for an International Workforce

Integrating the workforce atmosphere into the academic curriculum has always been challenging. Over the past decade this has become even more challenging as 54% of all new enrolling students in our Business Faculty are full fee-paying international students. By developing capstone units at undergraduate and postgraduate levels that bring inter-disciplinary concepts together, it is possible to demonstrate the importance of theory to students and its relationship to the world of work, especially if students recognise that the capstone unit they are completing also simulates an international workplace environment. The capstone units developed consistently exceed the university's aspiration of achieving a median score of 4.70 (outstanding) out of 5.00 for student satisfaction. By emphasising the interaction between disciplinary knowledge and the development of graduate attributes in an applied learning environment, graduates learn to understand the importance of their university degree studies prior to entering the workforce. By developing attributes of research and inquiry, information literacy, ethical and professional understanding, personal and intellectual autonomy and communication they learn to understand the importance of developing their skills as ethical and responsible global citizens who work for the good of the business professions and the international business community. This paper is based on evidence collected in a simulated treasury dealing room at a Group of Eight University in Australia that researched the effectiveness of simulations in improving learning within the accounting and finance discipline and in preparing graduates for the workforce for a future global working environment.