Future Goals Research Articles

A Model for Infrastructure Detection along Highways Based on Remote Sensing Images from UAVs.

Infrastructure along the highway refers to various facilities and equipment: bridges, culverts, traffic signs, guardrails, etc. New technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and the Internet of Things are driving the digital transformation of highway infrastructure towards the future goal of intelligent roads. Drones have emerged as a promising application area of intelligent technology in this field. They can help achieve fast and precise detection, classification, and localization of infrastructure along highways, which can significantly enhance efficiency and ease the burden on road management staff. As the infrastructure along the road is exposed to the outdoors for a long time, it is easily damaged and obscured by objects such as sand and rocks; on the other hand, based on the high resolution of the images taken by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), the variable shooting angles, complex backgrounds, and high percentage of small targets mean the direct use of existing target detection models cannot meet the requirements of practical applications in industry. In addition, there is a lack of large and comprehensive image datasets of infrastructure along highways from UAVs. Based on this, a multi-classification infrastructure detection model combining multi-scale feature fusion and an attention mechanism is proposed. In this paper, the backbone network of the CenterNet model is replaced with ResNet50, and the improved feature fusion part enables the model to generate fine-grained features to improve the detection of small targets; furthermore, the attention mechanism is added to make the network focus more on valuable regions with higher attention weights. As there is no publicly available dataset of infrastructure along highways captured by UAVs, we filter and manually annotate the laboratory-captured highway dataset to generate a highway infrastructure dataset. The experimental results show that the model has a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 86.7%, an improvement of 3.1 percentage points over the baseline model, and the new model performs significantly better than other detection models overall.

Was CSR in our minds? The relevance of CSR in the vision and mission of Indian companies through the lens of ownership

PurposeThis study aims to explore the patterns of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices and investments across different ownership groups and relevance of CSR practices in the vision and mission (V&M) statements of firms.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses the neo-institutional theory approach, which explains similarities and differences in the CSR practices of organisations embedded within (and between) similar sectoral contexts. The study accounts the CSR activities of the top 100 companies listed on the Bombay Stock exchange (BSE) based on their ownership and checks the overlap of the CSR activities conducted by the companies with the ongoing social development schemes launched in India during the same of time. The time period between 2017 and 2020 is chosen to analyse the CSR studies. The study uses content analysis technique to derive conclusions. A textual analysis of top 100 listed firms across all ownership groups aimed at understanding patterns of CSR practices opted by the different groups and coherence of CSR patterns in the V&M statements. CSR related keywords were analysed in the V&M statements to understand what influence reporting of CSR practices in the strategic communication of firms.FindingsOverall analysis indicated that top 100 firms prefer to invest in the areas of “Education”, “Sustainability” “Skill” where public-owned firms preferred towards “Sanitation” and “Environment/Sustainability” showing concurrence with local development goals. Private and foreign groups preferred to park their CSR funds in “Education” and “Skill” development showing coherence with the global agendas. Public-owned firms tend to report more CSR related specifically “Environment’ and “Sustainability” in the strategic documents. However, private and foreign firms do not pay any significance to CSR related keywords in their V&M statements.Research limitations/implicationsFindings suggest that despite of huge CSR investments, private and foreign-owned firms lack CSR focus and communication in their V&M statements, which may create disintegration in the CSR investment and strategic alignment of near-term and future goals. The paper suggests that private and foreign firms should also communicate their CSR practices through their V&M to stakeholders so that CSR practices may not remain mere 2% mandated expenditure by the Government of India.Originality/valueThe study contributes in confirming the success of the CSR policy mandate in supplementing government’s social development programmes along with indications on the role of family firms in accelerating the process of community development as compared to foreign firms. The study also favours integration of CSR disclosures in the V&M statements to gain long-term benefit out of these investments.

Improvement in Operation Efficiency of Shallow Geothermal Energy System—A Case Study in Shandong Province, China

Shallow geothermal energy (SGE) is a renewable energy source that has the advantage of being low-cost, clean, and locally sourced compared to fossil fuels, and is thus significant for China to achieve its future goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. However, determining how to improve the operational efficiency of SGE systems is a key factor in the sustainable development and utilization of geothermal energy. This study examined the long-term operational efficiency of SGE systems and applied numerical simulation methods of hydro-thermal coupling to a SGE utilization project in Shandong Province, China. The effect of the distribution of pumping and injection wells on the operation efficiency of the SGE system was analyzed, and the parameter of operation efficiency, defined by the ratio of the practical minable shallow geothermal energy to the theoretical shallow geothermal energy, was applied to quantify the operation efficiency of the SGE system. The simulated results show that the phenomenon of heat transfixion is significant in the current operation scheme, where one of three pumping wells is located downstream of the study area, which indicates that the local groundwater flow field mainly controls the operation efficiency of the SGE system. In the optimized operation scheme, the distribution of pumping and injection wells can be adjusted according to the feature of groundwater flow and temperature fields. The degree of heat transfixion significantly declines and the operation efficiency increases by 71.5%. In addition, further improvements in the operational efficiency of the SGE system can be considered through the running time. The findings of this paper will be useful for the construction and management of SGE systems.

Changed ecosystem stability in response to climate anomalies in the context of ecological restoration projects

AbstractDryland ecosystems are fragile and under the context of climate change, the increased frequency of short‐term climate variability will put them under additional stress, so the ability of dryland ecosystems to stabilize against exposure to climate anomalies is becoming increasingly critical. To mitigate the degradation of dryland ecosystems in China, the Chinese Government has launched ambitious ecological restoration projects (ERPs) in drylands, and understanding the effects and mechanisms of these projects on dryland stability is particularly important for the future integration of stability enhancement into ecosystem management goals. However, few researchers have focused on such effects. Here, the agro‐pastoral ecotone in northern China, which is located in the northern drylands of China and contains several national ERPs, was used to analyze the above problem. Specifically, the stability of ecosystems in response to climate anomalies was evaluated from the perspectives of resilience and resistance, and we analyzed the impacts of ERPs and parallel policies on ecosystem stability combined with a social‐ecological systemic perspective. Our results showed that the ecosystem stability has improved in the last 20 years, and although environmental factors dominated the spatial heterogeneity and temporal variations in the stability, afforestation and socioeconomic processes associated with ERPs and parallel policies also showed significant effects. Therefore, guiding and establishing a solid and low‐ecological impact rural livelihoods is an important guarantee to achieving stability improvement through relevant policies. Our study decoupled the complex outcomes of ERPs from the perspective of ecosystem stability and contributes to the understanding of dryland stability from a social‐ecological perspective. Furthermore, new insights and theoretical foundations are provided for incorporating stability enhancement into future goals of dryland ecosystem management.

Abstract 2372: Does the ubiquitin E3 ligase glycoprotein 78 (gp78/amfr) link socioeconomic factors, race, and biology in breast cancer?

Abstract This year there will be 260,00 new cases of breast cancer in the United States. Close to 40,000 women living with breast cancer, will die from the disease by the years end. However, these statistics are not evenly distributed across our citizens. Women of Western African descent are 40% more likely to die from breast cancer than their European counterparts. Although socioeconomic factors along with racism, including affordable quality health care, availability of healthy foods, wage gaps, and trustworthiness of our physicians, have a considerable role in the difference in survival, there still is a significant gap in our understanding of the contribution of biology. Therefore, biomarkers, mechanisms, and pathways connected with more aggressive biology that differ by race and genetic ancestry must be examined. The ubiquitin E3 ligase, glycoprotein 78 (GP78/AMFR) is an endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein that degrades unfolded proteins found in the cell. It also supports lipid synthesis, autophagy and targets certain proteins that cause endoplasmic reticulum stress that could result in apoptosis. We have found that GP78 is a functional biomarker for breast cancer in women. Higher levels of this gp78, detected by validated antibody, is associated with more aggressive subtypes of breast cancer (e.g., luminal B, HER2 and triple-negative breast cancer, TNBC) and is expressed at notably elevated levels in breast cancer compared to normal glands. In addition, its expression is associated with poor survival, regardless of subtype, specifically in women of Western African descent. In vivo experiments using murine syngeneic allograft models, comparing wild type and gp78 knock breast cancer cells show the gp78 is required for tumor growth. Further analysis reveals a role for gp78 lipogenesis linked to immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. Conclusion: These observations suggest a role for gp78 in 1) tumor growth and 2) immune suppression, and implies a role for race and genetic ancestry in the association between gp78 and breast cancer survival. Therefore, corroborating a role for gp78 in both tumor growth and suppression of the tumor immune microenvironment will be an important future goal. We will validate and extend these findings in additional diverse patient populations to define the association between GP78, patient tumor biology, clinical feature, patient exposures, and other social determinants of health. Citation Format: Myles A. Ellis. Does the ubiquitin E3 ligase glycoprotein 78 (gp78/amfr) link socioeconomic factors, race, and biology in breast cancer? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2372.

Combined CT Coronary Artery Assessment and TAVI Planning.

Computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the aorta and the iliofemoral arteries is crucial for preprocedural planning of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS), because it provides details on a variety of aspects required for heart team decision-making. In addition to providing relevant diagnostic information on the degree of aortic valve calcification, CTA allows for a customized choice of the transcatheter heart valve system and the TAVI access route. Furthermore, current guidelines recommend the exclusion of relevant coronary artery disease (CAD) prior to TAVI. The feasibility of coronary artery assessment with CTA in patients scheduled for TAVI has been established previously, and accumulating data support its value. In addition, fractional flow reserve determined from CTA (CT-FFR) and machine learning-based CT-FFR were recently shown to improve its diagnostic yield for this purpose. However, the utilization of CTA for coronary artery evaluation remains limited in this specific population of patients due to the relatively high risk of CAD coexistence with severe AS. Therefore, the current diagnostic work-up prior to TAVI routinely includes invasive catheter coronary angiography at most centers. In this article, the authors address technological prerequisites and CT protocol considerations, discuss pitfalls, review the current literature regarding combined CTA coronary artery assessment and preprocedural TAVI evaluation, and provide an overview of unanswered questions and future research goals within the field.

Personal recovery associated with deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: A constructivist grounded theory study.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Major depressive disorder is the most prevalent of all mental illnesses. 10%-20% of patients with depression and 1% of the population overall have treatment-resistant depression (TRD). DBS is an emerging investigational treatment for TRD with documented clinical efficacy and safety. The framework of the recovery model includes both clinical and personal recovery. Personal recovery is a self-process in which hope, empowerment and optimism are embraced to overcome the impact of mental illness on one's sense of self. Although clinical and functional outcomes of DBS for TRD have been well documented in the previous studies, personal recovery as an outcome has been explored only in a handful of studies. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: This is the first qualitative study exploring personal recovery from DBS treatment specific to the target of subcallosal cingulate cortex in patients with TRD. Since the existing literature on personal recovery in DBS studies is limited, the contribution of this paper is crucial to this field. For individuals who responded to deep brain stimulation clinically, neither participants nor family believed it cured their depression, but rather there was a significant decrease in the severity of symptoms of depression. A holistic-oriented framework (that includes personal recovery) is significant for those individuals with TRD undergoing DBS. Personal and clinical recovery are two different constructs, and individuals may experience one or the other or both. The experience of participants who responded to deep brain stimulation recognized that the recovery from depression is a process of reconstructing self. This process involved a period of adjustment that evoked a deeper self-awareness, re-engagement with daily living and newfound gratitude in living. Individuals transitioned from an emotionally driven life to one where future goals were considered. Supportive relationships were instrumental in this process. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: A deep brain stimulation intervention for treatment-resistant depression offered individuals an opportunity for personal recovery where a reconstruction of self occurred. Personal recovery can be considered as an outcome in conjunction with clinical and functional outcomes in future DBS trials for TRD. The relevance of personal recovery in the prevention of relapses needs further investigation. To advocate for care and services that facilitate the process of recovery from depression, it is important to understand the personal dimensions and experience of recovery that may influence the process. To develop recovery-oriented interventions to help patients and families in recovery post-deep brain stimulation, further understanding of support and negotiating relationships during this life-altering experience is needed. ABSTRACT: Introduction Multiple trials of antidepressant treatments in patients with depression pose a major challenge to the mental health system. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an emerging and promising investigational treatment to reduce depressive symptoms in individuals with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The clinical and functional outcomes of DBS for TRD have been well documented in previous studies; however, studies of personal recovery as an outcome of DBS specific to the target of subcallosal cingulate cortex in patients with TRD are limited. Aim To explore the processes of personal recovery in patients with treatment-resistant depression following subcallosal cingulate-deep brain stimulation. Method Participants were 18 patients with TRD who participated in the subcallosal cingulate (SCC)-DBS trial and 11 family members. They also participated in add-on individual cognitive behavioural therapy during the trial. A qualitative constructivist grounded theory approach was used to conceptualize the personal recovery process of patients and families. Results While every participant and their families' journey were unique following the deep brain stimulation intervention, a theoretical model of Balancing to Establish a Reconstructed Self emerged from the data. The themes underlying the model were (1) Balancing to Establish a Reconstructed Self: A Whole-Body Experience, (2) The Liminal Space in-between: Balancing with Cautious Optimism, (3) Hope: Transitioning from Emotion-Focussed Living to Goal-Oriented Planning and (4) Support: Negotiating Relationships. Discussion This is the first study examining recovery from patients' perspectives as an outcome of SCC-DBS intervention for TRD. The study shows that personal recovery is a gradual and continual process of reconstruction of the self, developing through supportive relationships. Clinical and personal recovery are two distinct constructs, and individuals may experience one or the other or both. Most patients who do respond clinically experience improvement in terms of having optimism and hope. Some patients, however, respond with significant symptom reduction but are not able to achieve personal recovery to experience joy or hope for improved quality of living. Implications for Practice Strategies for personal recovery for both patients and family need to be considered during and post deep brain stimulation intervention. Nurses working with these patients and families may benefit from education, training and support to assess and engage in conversations about their recovery process.

Professional identity development of English teachers: A data‐driven model

AbstractThe present study aimed to explore the professional identity development of English teachers through the lens of the Possible Selves Theory, focusing on the experiences of three distinct groups of educators. An explanatory sequential mixed‐method research design was employed using 194 student, novice and experienced English teachers working or studying at various state schools in Turkey. The findings suggested that teacher groups held similar perceptions of their ideals and fears and there was not a significant difference among student, novice and experienced English teacher groups in terms of their possible selves. Additionally, the results revealed that the participants placed a significant emphasis on factors such as professional development, language proficiency, professional competence, personal attributes and recognition in relation to their ideal language teacher selves. The major fears related to their professional identity included language incompetence, inadequate professional development, undesirable personal attributes, undesired professional tendencies and a lack of recognition. The participants also noted various external and internal factors that influenced their possible selves. Based on the findings, a data‐driven model on English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Teacher Professional Identity Development (TPID) is proposed to contribute to the existing literature in the field. Context and ImplicationsRationale for this studyKnowing about teachers' current thoughts and their expectations and fears for the future can aid in understanding their identities and potentially transform their future selves, thereby improving the formation of their professional identity.Why the new findings matterThe findings of this study are significant as they add to the existing literature on English teachers' professional identity development using the Possible Selves Theory. This framework allows for an examination of teachers' expectations and fears, providing a comprehensive understanding of their professional selves and how these perceptions influence their future actions and goals. This knowledge is critical for designing teacher training programmes and professional development initiatives that support teachers' ongoing professional growth.ImplicationsIt is recommended to give increased attention and emphasis to the practical component of student teacher education, specifically the practicum experience, in the curriculum. Opportunities for interaction and collaboration among trainees, mentors and teacher educators should also be provided to enhance the effectiveness of the practicum. Furthermore, to address the concerns of EFL student, novice and experienced teachers about losing their enthusiasm for teaching in the future, comprehensive support mechanisms should be put in place through in‐service training and counselling services. Lastly, the Ministry of National Education could establish online and in‐person platforms to facilitate interaction and collaboration among teachers.

Global evolutional trend of safety in coal mining industry: a bibliometric analysis

Mining safety is recognized as one of the factors influencing the mining industry's long-term viability. Therefore, we did a bibliometric analysis to take stock of safety management in the coal mining industry. This study suggests a three-step strategy, comprising literature extraction and screening, bibliometric analysis, and discussion, to provide an in-depth understanding of the present state and development trend of mine safety research. The findings raise additional concerns which include the following: (i) Coal dust pollution has a direct and indirect impact on the environment. (ii) Most research projects have prioritized technology innovation and development over safety norms. (iii) Most works have come from advanced countries such as China, the USA, the UK, and Australia to the neglect of developing nations, leaving a significant vacuum in the literature. (iv) There are more major safety principles in the food business than in the mining industry, indicating a weak safety culture in the mining industry. Additionally, future research goals are provided, such as creating safer policy guidelines to support technological advancements, constructing effective safety mines, and creating solutions to dust pollution and human errors.

Philosophical Pragmatism and the Challenges of Information Technologies

Philosophical Pragmatism and the Challenges of Information Technologies

Patient perspectives on pulmonary hypertension in the United States: Burdens, expectations, and goals.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life-threatening, debilitating disease caused by increased blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries. As patients living in the United States, we have unique insights into the journey from diagnosis and treatment within the US healthcare system and the significant impact that PH has on our quality of life. While there have recently been advances in PH management, there are several areas of PH care which we feel should be reassessed and improved. Commonly, diagnosis is lengthy and convoluted due to the rarity of the disease and limited knowledge of PH in primary care. There are also barriers to obtaining the right treatment and we feel that a more holistic approach to care is needed. Mental health is commonly overlooked and should be an integral part of patient care, as should elements such as nutritional advice, cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, and sexual health. PH patient associations play a key role in providing social, educational, and financial support to patients and caregivers alongside PH research and advocacy. As patients, we feel that we need to advocate for correct diagnosis, timely referral, and optimal treatment, in addition to overcoming the financial and/or administrative hurdles to obtain these. We propose several future goals to help empower patients to play an active, central role in their care and to improve all aspects of PH management. We advocate for further use of the patient voice in research and clinical development programs, including the use of patient-reported outcomes that have been developed with patient input.

Parametric optimisation using data model to improve the energy efficiency of vanadium redox flow batteries

Renewable energy utilisation has become indispensable to attain carbon-zero goals in the near future. Given the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, it is vital to have an efficient and steadfast storage medium to maintain a stable energy supply. Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB) are promising energy storage devices that can be utilised effectively in grid storage applications. Despite their advantages, VRFBs still struggle to compete with lithium-ion batteries in round-trip efficiency. The round-trip efficiency of VRFB can be maximised if all the physical and chemical parameters are optimised simultaneously. To do this, several experimental trials need to be performed to determine the individual and collective effects of the parameters. Hence, in this work, we built a data model for VRFB using literature data, and we revamped the model to be 90 % accurate in assessing the round-trip efficiency (energy efficiency) within the error range of ±2 %. Finally, we used the data model to optimise the parameters for improving the energy efficiency to around 97–98 % for a 4 cm2 active area cell at a current density of 50 mA cm−2. Researchers can utilise this approach for any batteries that need performance improvement with minimal experimental efforts.

Feminizing care pathways: Mixed-methods study of reproductive options, decision making, pregnancy, post-natal care and parenting amongst women with kidney disease.

To identify the needs, experiences and preferences of women with kidney disease in relation to their reproductive health to inform development of shared decision-making interventions. UK-wide mixed-methods convergent design (Sep 20-Aug 21). Online questionnaire (n = 431) with validated components. Purposively sampled semi-structured interviews (n = 30). Patient and public input throughout. Kidney disease was associated with defeminization, negatively affecting current (sexual) relationships and perceptions of future life goals. There was little evidence that shared decision making was taking place. Unplanned pregnancies were common, sometimes influenced by poor care and support and complicated systems. Reasons for (not) wanting children varied. Complicated pregnancies and miscarriages were common. Women often felt that it was more important to be a "good mother" than to address their health needs, which were often unmet and unrecognized. Impacts of pregnancy on disease and options for alternates to pregnancy were not well understood. The needs and reproductive priorities of women are frequently overshadowed by their kidney disease. High-quality shared decision-making interventions need to be embedded as routine in a feminized care pathway that includes reproductive health. Research is needed in parallel to examine the effectiveness of interventions and address inequalities. We do not fully understand the expectations, needs, experiences and preferences of women with kidney disease for planning and starting a family or deciding not to have children. Women lack the knowledge, resources and opportunities to have high-quality conversations with their healthcare professionals. Decisions are highly personal and related to a number of health, social and cultural factors; individualized approaches to care are essential. Healthcare services need to be redesigned to ensure that women are able to make informed choices about pregnancy and alternative routes to becoming a parent. The original proposal for this research came from listening to the experiences of women in clinic who reported unmet needs and detailed experiences of their pregnancies (positive and negative). A patient group was involved in developing the funding application and helped to refine the objectives by sharing their experiences. Two women who are mothers living with kidney disease were co-opted as core members of the research team. We hosted an interim findings event and invited patients and wider support services (adoption, fertility, surrogacy, education and maternal chronic kidney disease clinics) from across the UK to attend. We followed the UK national standards for patient and public involvement throughout.

USING R TO ADVANCE PATIENT-CENTRIC RESEARCH IN THE STUDY OF A PROSPECTIVE ADULT RESEARCH COHORT

IBD Plexus is a data exchange platform that houses four cohorts, including The Study of a Prospective Adult Research Cohort with IBD (SPARC IBD). SPARC IBD is a multicentered, longitudinal cohort that follows patients through their standard of care. In IBD Plexus, patient reported data (eCRF) is linked with clinical and electronic medical record (EMR) data. Biospecimens are continuously collected and have been used to generate a myriad of molecular and biomarker data. To facilitate inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) research, we built an R package ‘ibdplexus’ (https://github.com/ccf-tfehlmann/ibdplexus), with multiple functions to load, filter and subset the data in IBD Plexus. Currently, this R package focuses primarily on SPARC IBD, with a future goal to expand to incorporate other studies. Each function is designed to help understand an IBD patient’s journey including their treatment use and disease activity over time.

The Role and Future of Endoscopic Spine Surgery: A Narrative Review.

Many types of surgeries are changing from conventional to minimally invasive techniques. Techniques in spine surgery have also changed, with endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) becoming a major surgical technique. Although ESS has advantages such as less soft tissue dissection and normal structure damage, reduced blood loss, less epidural scarring, reduced hospital stay, and earlier functional recovery, it is not possible to replace all spine surgery techniques with ESS. ESS was first used for discectomy in the lumbar spine, but the range of ESS has expanded to cover the entire spine, including the cervical and thoracic spine. With improvements in ESS instruments (optics, endoscope, endoscopic drill and shaver, irrigation pump, and multiportal endoscopic), limitations of ESS have gradually decreased, and it is possible to apply ESS to more spine pathologies. ESS currently incorporates new technologies, such as navigation, augmented and virtual reality, robotics, and 3-dimentional and ultraresolution visualization, to innovate and improve outcomes. In this article, we review the history and current status of ESS, and discuss future goals and possibilities for ESS through comparisons with conventional surgical techniques.

An introduction of future fuels on working ship for GHGs reduction: Trailing suction hopper dredger case study

This paper examines technical feasibility of implementation of future fuels on Trailing Suction Hopper Dredger (TSHD) working ship, with goal to reduce GHGs. In order to determine suitable future fuel for that purpose, the analysis of fuel efficiency, emissions and environmental impact, viability, availability, safety regulations preparedness and current market engine solutions is done first, and methanol, ammonia and hydrogen are chosen as possible choices. Among them, methanol and ammonia are chosen for further detailed examination of their possible implementation with retrofit of a TSHD prototype fuelled by marine diesel oil (MDO), thus enabling comparison of design versions. After evaluation of design versions for operational, safety and risk, and ecological properties, the marine methanol fuel (MMF) proves its technical feasibility for implementation on TSHD ship, while ammonia failed to satisfy risk reduction requirements from the authorities. Although methanol fuel does not reduce GHGs completely, it enables “green transition” towards fulfilling of IMO future goals of zero carbon emission. The hydrogen is not assessed here because of the technological readiness level not as close in sight as for ammonia and methanol.

Based on 11 Research Reports the Future Education Trend of Primary and Secondary Schools in Korea is Examined

The study focuses on 11 future education research reports released by the South Korean National Policy Research Institute from 2016 to 2022, and conducts qualitative research from four aspects: future education goals, future education content, future education learning and evaluation, and future education development strategies. The results show that future education goals not only focus on the social demand for education, but also on unleashing individual potential. The future education content includes ability education, multicultural education, future career education, human emotion education, global citizenship education, digital education, and etc. Future education methods are mainly personalized learning based on ICT technology, learner centered project learning, problem learning, inquiry learning, cooperative learning, formal learning, informal learning, and blended learning. The future education development strategy needs to improve public education and other systems. On the other hand, it is necessary for future education to reflect on the essence of education and the history of educational reform, and to consider the direction of future development from a macro and long-term perspective.

Aesthetically Appealing Building Integrated Photovoltaic Systems for Net-Zero Energy Buildings. Current Status, Challenges, and Future Developments—A Review

With the sharp increase in global energy demand, industrial and residential buildings are responsible for around 40% of the energy consumed with most of this energy portion being generated by non-renewable sources, which significantly contribute to global warming and environmental hazards. The net-zero energy building (NZEB) concept attempts to solve the global warming issue, whereby a building will produce, on-site, its required energy demand throughout the year from renewable energy sources. This can be achieved by integrating photovoltaic (PV) building materials, called building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) modules, throughout the building skin, which simultaneously act as construction materials and energy generators. Currently, architects and builders are inclined to design a building using BIPV modules due to the limited colors available, namely, black or blue, which result in a monotonous building appearance. Therefore, there is an increasing demand/need to develop modern, aesthetically pleasing BIPV green energy products for the use of architects and the construction industry. This review article presents the current stage and future goal of advanced building integrated photovoltaic systems, focusing on the aesthetically appealing BIPV systems, and their applications towards overcoming global challenges and stepping forward to achieve a sustainable green energy building environment. Additionally, we present the summary and outlook for the future development of aesthetically appealing building integrated photovoltaic systems.

Counsellors’ Perceived Causes and strategies for reducing suicidal thoughts among secondary school teenagers

This study is carried out in Anambra state and it adopted the descriptive survey design. Two research questions guided the study. The sample size of the study comprised of 205 counsellors who are willing to participate in the study and they are drawn through accidental sampling techniques at their areas of meetings. The instrument used for data collection is the counsellors’ perceived causes and strategies for reducing suicidal thoughts among secondary school teenagers questionnaire (CSPCASFRSTASSTSQ). The reliability of the instrument coefficient value of 0.70 is established. On the spot administration is used in administering the instrument to ensure 100% return. The data collected in the study is analyzed using the arithmetic mean. The decision rule is that any of the response item for which the mean score is 2.5 and above is taken to mean that the factor exists while any response item for which the mean score is below 2.5 is taken as not being in existence. The study revealed that the causes of suicidal thoughts among other things include: lack of parental love and care, bullying among peers, substance over use, failures in examinations, sexual abuse and loneliness as the causes of suicidal thoughts among secondary school teenagers as perceived by the counsellors. The study also revealed that the counsellors’ perceived strategies for reducing suicidal thoughts among other things are : help them realize reasons to live and future goals, giving them academic support on how to succeed, teaching them the use of grounding techniques, learning the warning signs of suicidal thoughts as a starting point and offering guidance on ways to reach out to loved ones for support as strategies for reducing suicidal thoughts among secondary school teenagers. The researchers also recommended that government should ensure that every secondary school will have a professional counsellors handling secondary school students’ problems early enough before such escalates and also, school counsellors should be teaching parenting skills to improve family relationships for the betterment of all in the family during Parents’ Teachers Association meetings.

Student Struggle with Career-oriented Assignments: An Analysis of Résumés and Cover Letters

Résumé and cover letter formats have altered with the many digital platforms available (e.g., LinkedIn). However, constructing one’s identity as an ideal candidate is still the main goal for career-oriented documents and should be the focus of related lessons. The classroom activity system mediates the résumés and cover letters students create in business and technical communication courses. Students write these assignments for teachers, who are outside of professional activity systems. Because students are not immersed in the professional contexts for which they write these career-oriented assignments, they have difficulty constructing effective identities for being ideal candidates for assumed positions. Although résumés and cover letters are ubiquitous assignments for professional communication courses, little research has looked at how students struggle with composing a professional identity. Most résumé research analyzes materials submitted to employers after applicants leave school. The author reviews student texts in this genre and argues that career-oriented assignments are actually a classroom-specific genre with little connection to the assumed professional contexts to which students aspire. The author concludes that students should focus on more immediate attainable goals rather than future career goals many years away.